




'"• %^^^ .'^°' \/ .*J^'- \.** •*^' 




0^ 



t^.o^ 



















^u 




Cambridge Antiquarian Socdety. Octavo Publications. 

N° IX. 



THE HISTORY 



OP THE 



QUEENS' COLLEGE 

OF 

ST MARGARET AND ST BERNARD 



IN THE 



UNIVEKSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. 



1446 — 1560. 



BY 



W. G. SEARLE, M.A. 

vioar ob" hookington, cambbidge8hiee, and late fellow of 
queens' college. 




aEambritige: 

PRINTED BY 0. J. CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 

DEIGHTON, BELL & CO.; MACMILLAN & CO. 
BELL AND DALDY, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON. 

1867. 
Price Eight Shillings. 



THE HISTORY 



OF THE 



QUEENS' COLLEGE 

OF 

ST MARGARET AND ST BERNARD 



IN THE 



UNIVEKSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. 



1446 — 1560. 



W. G. SEARLE, M.A. 

LATE FELLOW OF QUEENS' COLLEGE AND VICAR OF HOCKINGTON, 
CAMBEIDGESHIBE. 




PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 

DEIGHTON, BELL & CO.; MACMILLAN & CO. 
BELL AND DALDY, YORK vSTREET, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON. 

1867. 



t 
©ambtiDgf : 

PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. 
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 



f^: 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 

The Foundation 1 

St Bernard's College . . 3. 

Queens' College , 18 

The Presidents 

i. Andrew Doket 49 

ii. Thomas Wilkynson 104 

iij, John Fisher 131 

iv. Robert Bekensaw 144 

V. John Jenyn 161 

vi. Thomas Farman 171 

vij. William Frankelyn . . . . . , . . . . . 175 

viij. Simon Heynes 178 

jx. William Mey 211 

X. William Glynn 245 

xj, Thomas Pecocke 264 

— William Mey (restored) 285 



Additions and Corrections. 



' ' I. Andrew Doket. 

p. 31. Peter Hvrford, is thus mentioned in the bursars' accounts : 
I. M. J. 1484-85. fo. 27. b. In oblatione ad missam pro mro 
Petro Hyrforde iiij*. 

p. 33, i. 27, /or see p. 77 read see p. 80. 

p. 48. Andrew Doket is here spoken of as principal of St Bernard's 
hostel, following Dr Caius and archbishop Parker and other 
common anthorities : it must be however confessed that none of 
the college deeds describe him as such. 

p. 60, I. 11, read IV. M. J. 1563-64.. fo. 38. b. Item pro consti- 
tuendo picturam m". Andrei Ducket in tumulo suo ij^ vj''. 

p. 61, 1. 2, 7'ead Wenloke. 

p. 73. According to Gage (Thingoe, p. 8) Lady Margery Poos was 
26 years of age at the death of her father in June 1424: she 
must therefore have been 80 years old at her death in 1478. 

p. 75, 1. 12. ller son Thomas Wentworth is thus mentioned in the 
Grace book A : 

An. 1475... Mr Thomas Wentworth filius due de ly Roose 
intrat injure canonico. (MS. Baker xlij. fo. 160. b). 

p. 82, 1. 9 from bottom. The ' Inquisitio ad quod damnum' is dated 
9 Nov. 12, E. 4. 1472. Lady Joan Burgh possessed also two 
messiiages at Lenham, Kent. 

p. 87, 1. 7, add: (Misc. B. fo. 3.) 

p. 92, 1. 2 from bottom. The will of William Yorke is preserved at 
the principal registry (London) of Her Majesty's Court of Pro- 
bate (Wattis 25). 

p. 93, 1. 25. The will of Mr John Collinson is preserved in the Lon- 
don Registry (Logge 25). 

p. 101. Another fellow of Queens' belonging to the period 1448- 
1484 is mentioned in a MS. of WyclifFe's Commentary on St 
Mark's Gospel, in the possession of Lord Dillon at Ditchley 
Park, Oxfordshire, which bears the inscription : ' Pray for the 
soule of Maister John Crowland fellow of the Queues college of 

a 



Cambrigge and parson of Soutli "Wokyngton, Essex.' In New- 
court, Rep. ii. 448, among the rectors of Soufeh-Okenclon, we find 
John Crowland, mentioned in succession to Nic. Hubert, who 
became rector in 1440. He was succeeded on his death by 
John Hill on the presentation of the bishop of London 'per 
Laps.' In Weever, Fun. Mon. 648, he is mentioned as com- 
memorated on a monument at Romford Church with Avery 
Cornburgh esq. and Beatrice his wife. The marginal inscription 
contained the unfinished date 1480, which may however have 
been the date of John Crowland's death. On the monument 
itself was a long inscription consisting of eight verses of seven 
lines each commemorating the foundation of a chantry in that 
church. (ISTewcouj't, Rep. ii. 338-9). 

Dionysius Spicer, rector of St Botolph's 1479-..., was bursar 
of the college 1485-6-7-8 and 'prselector biblise' 1490-91: he 
died about 1500, his executors being mentioned I. M. J, 1499- 
1500, fo. 137. b. Item pro expensis mri Wyttford euntis 

London, ad executores mri Spycer in negociis collegii xij**. 

He also may have been a fellow in earlier years. 

II. Thomas Wilkynson. 

p. 104. Thomas Wilkynson was at some time not stated fellow of 

Michaelhouse, though he may also either before or afterwards 

have been, fellow of Queens', with which he is found in different 

deeds closely connected, 
p. 105, 1. 20, /or Johannis read Johanni. 
p. 105, 1. 24, /or Cori read coci. 
p. 109, 1. 9. The Privy Seal of... Dec. 1484 was merely to correct 

two clerical errors in the first form of the deed of 5 July 1484, 

printed p. 97-8. 
p. Ill, 1. 4, yb?' * Euggely' read * [Nicolao] Euggeby.' He is 

named in the deed of 11 Feb. 2 Ric. IIL 1484-5 in the Public 

Record office, mentioned p. 109. 
p. 119. Por the convent of the Dominicans within Ludgate, see 

Newcourt i. 28, Tanner, Not. Mon. 313, Weever, Fun Mon. 

388, Stow Survey 374, 487. 
p. 120, 1. 17, read pro scriptura copie cujusdam indenture. 
p. 121, 1. 9. William Lyncolne died 1009. His will is preserved at 

the registry of the university (Vol. i. fo. 25). 



Ill 

p. 122, 1. 18. The date of Dr J. Drewell's death is taken from the 
college commemoration service, and may not be correct. 

p. 126. Mr Wilkynson's will, made 7 Nov. 1511 and proved 23 
Jan. 1511-2, is preserved in the principal registry of Her Ma- 
jesty's Court of Probate at London (Fetiplace *25). 

By it he bequeathed 13s. Ad. to each fellow of Queens', and 
to the master and each fellow of Michaelhouse, where he him- 
self had been sometime fellow, also 13s, 4:d. 

p. 128, 1. 4 from bottom, read commissarii. 

III. John Fisher, 
p. 136, 1. 9, read Cantebrigife vixit, [Grjecas literas perlegit...]. 

lY. Robert Bekensaw. 

p. 144. In J. S. Brewer, Letters and Paijers, Vol. i. we find: 

3487. Privy Seal for Robert Bekynsall, D.D. almoner to the 
Queen. Grant of a canonry and pi-ebend in the collegiate 
church of St George the Martyr Windsor, void by the death of 
W. Cokkes. Greenwich 23 Oct. 4 Hen. YIII. (1512). 

4434. Signature of Robert Becansaw to some commissions of 
Catharine the queen, Regent, 3-5 Sept. 5 Hen. VIII. 1513. 

5735. A warrant to the treasurer of the Chamber, John 
Heron, to deliver £100 to Robert Bekynsals to be distributed 
in alms in groats at the funeral of Henry VII, (with receipt for 
the same,) dated 9 May 1509. 

p. 153, 1. 14. This date is given from Le Clerc : in the London ed. 
of 1642 (lib. viii. ep. 1) it is ' Cantabrigise e collegio Regiufe 
decimo sexto Cal. Septembr.' The second (lib. x. ep. 10) is 
dated ' Cantabrigise e collegio Reginse, natali divi Bai'tholomsei,' 
the third (lib. x. ep. 16) 'postridie Bartholomsei' in the ed. of 
1642. 

p. 159. Dr R. Becansawe's will, made 18 Nov, 1525 and proved 
18 Feb. 1525-6, is preserved in the principal registry (London) 
of Her Majesty's Court of Probate (Porch 3), 

In it he says : ' Item I will the Quenes college in Cambridge 
have xls, for a dirige and a masse.' 



IV 



V. John Jenyn. 
p. 1 69. Dr Jenyn's will has not been found. 

VI. Thomas Farman. 
p. 173. Dr Farman's will has not been found. 

VIII. Simon Heynes. 

p. 181, 1. 14 from bottom. A letter to the King from Dr Heynes 
while abroad is contained in MS. Cotton Caligula E. 1. fo. 40 : 
though it has suffered from the fire, it is mostly legible, but 
does not seem of much interest. 

p. 188, 1. 3. The 'Alienatio terrarum et tenementorum in Gilden 

Morden' II. Lease book (fo. 1.) is dated 9 Dec. 22 Hen. VIII. 

1530. 
p. 188, 1. 6. The 'Alienatio ten-arum Holbech, Whaplode et Mul- 

ton' in II. Lease book (fo. 3.) is dated 8 March 25 Hen. VIII. 

1534-35. 
p. 188, 1. 9. The 'Alienatio Bernard, hospitii' in 11, Lease book 

(fo. 4.) is dated 2 July 26 Hen. VIII. 1534. 

p. 197. JSTicholas Ridley was 'lector in scholis publicis' in the year 
1536-37, and as such had from the college the sum of 12s. 6d. as 
his year's stipend (III. M. J. 1536-37. fo. 21. Eidley, Life of 
bishop Ridley 133 ff.) 

p. 199, 1. 2. The account of this embassy may be read in Dr Nott's 
Life of Wyatt, prefixed to his works (the works of Henry How- 
ard earl of Surrey, and of sir Thomas Wyatt the elder, 2 Vols. 
4tD. London 1816, pp. xxxix-lxv.) 'Heynes and Bonner' (he 
says) 'did no good whatever to Henr/s cause. They rather 
discredited the embassy by drawing down contempt on them- 
selves by their indecorous conduct. Bonner in particular, 
though a clergyman, behaved with a degree of levity that bor- 
dered on licentiousness, and manifested a disrespect for the Bo- 
man Catholic religion, that was not at all consistent with his 
subsequent intolerant zeal for its support.' 

Though it is painful to find sir Thomas Wyat complaining of 
the malice of Bonner and Heynes, yet the chief share seems to 
fall to Bonner, as we find Wyat saying {Oration, p. 304), ' I pray 



yoxi now let me turn my tale to Bonner, for this riseth of him ; 
yea, and so I think doth all the rest : for his crafty malice, 1 
suppose in my conscience, abuseth the other's simpleness.' The 
only clear charge against the two clerical ambassadors, in which 
Heynes must bear his share of the blame, is contained in 
the following (Oration, p. 303) : 

Another occasion there is, that I should say: 'They were more meet to 
be parish priests than ambassadors.' By my truth, I never liked them 
indeed for ambassadors ; and no more did the most part of them that saw 
them, and namely they tliat had to do with them, but that I did not, on my 
faith, with no stranger. But if I said they were meeter to be parish priests, 
on my faith, I never remember it ; and it is not like I should so say, for as far 
as I could see, neither of them had any great fancy to mass ; and that ye 
know were requisite for parish priests ; for this can all that v/ere there 
report, that not one of tliem all while they were there, said mass, or ofiered 
to hear mass, though it was but a superstition. I said botli Mason and I, 
because of the name that Englishmen then had to be all Lutherans, were 
fain to entreat them that we might sometimes shew ourselves in the chm'ch 
together, that men conceived not an evil opinion of us. 

The charge of immorality, which Bonner had brought against 
Wyat, falsely as he declares, Wyat seems in return to bring 
against Bonner (Oration, p. 305) : against Heynes he makes no 
accusation of the like sort, nor indeed of anything except what 
is above mentioned. 

p. 199, 1. 11. The letter is addressed to Mr Butt the king's phy- 
sician (sir "William Butts, M.D.; Cooper, Ath. i. 87.) 

p. 200, 1. 7. Edward Crome, D.D. of Gonville hall, preached the 
sermon founded by lady Alice Wyche at St Dionys Backchurch, 
London, at Easter 1531 and Easter 1534. In the State papers, 
Henry VIII. (i. 843.) is a letter from Dr Heynes "admonishing 
Dr Crome to be ware of his brethren at London and not to yield 
to their fantasies, and to be wai-e that he saide not these words 
' that he came not to recant.' " 

p. 201. The 'Articles' are in MS. Hark 604. fo. 64. They have 
been carelessly printed by Dr Oliver : for sustentacon, porcon, 
and the like, read sustentacon, porcon. 

p. 202, 1. l,ybr eleven read twelve. 

p. 202, 1. 2>,for an read oon. 

p. 208, 1. 2. Dr Heynes' will, made 12 July 1552 and proved 
12 Nov. 1552, is preserved in the principal registry (London) of 



VI 

Her Majesty's Court of Probate (Powell 29). Beside Joseph 
Heyues he had another son named Simon, probably the person 
mentioned p. 210, 1. 5. 

IX, William Mey. 

p. 214, 1. 26, add State Papers, Henry YIIL xi. 285, 290, 312. 

p. 223, 1. 18. On obtaining this promise the college wrote at once 
to Thomas Cromwell the King's secretary asking for the site of 
the Louse of the Carmelites. One reason for the annexation is 
certainly ingenious. The letter is here transcribed from MS. 
Cotton, Faustina C. vii. fo. 102: 

Si tuee Amplitudmis fidem et erga bonas literas affectum siiigulai-em in 
publicis AcadeiuisB negotiis non fuissemus experti, nobilissime Diie, tarn 
ingentia tua et ad universi hujus regni statum tueiidum et conservandum 
pertinentia uegotia, nostris petitiunculis obturbare vehementer formidasse- 
iiius. Neque enim sumus nescii potuisse tuam Dominationem (etiamsi 
neque authoritas tibi esset tam ampla, quantam nunc apud regiam niajes- 
tatem A'ix ullius esse novimus, neque prudentia tam insignis, qualem in 
nulla fere memoria legimus, neque occupationes tam varise tamque graves, 
quse in te semper incumbant) jure tamen nostrain vilitatem contemnere et 
tanquam nimium audaces aspere atque acerbe repellere. Sed ita nobis est 
cognltus anirai tui candor, tam est perspecta notaque humanitas, ut vel 
teuuissimos homuuculos ad quidvis audendum possit impellere. Veiiimus 
igitur ad te suppliees et tuoe lenitati coniitatique fidentes non sohim te 
tantisper interpellare donee causam audieris, verum etiam consilium atque 
spem implorare tuse Celsitudinis ad id quod moHmur audemus.. Coenobium 
est Carmelitarum non solum vicinum sed etiam adherens affixumque colle- 
gio nostro, perangustum certe et non ita pridem parte quadam llegii col- 
legii sociis divendita (see p. 233) propter inopiam diniinutum. Hujus 
coenobii fratres, deflorescente religionis fuco et propterea vectigalibus 
emendicationum suarum exarescentibus, propemodum oinnes abiere. Unus 
tamen relinquitur et nonnunquam alter qui prioris et conventus utcunque 
tuentur nomen; et hi, quia neque se ali neque sarta tecta domus diu defend i 
posse vident, libenter quidera (si per Miijestatis Regise veniam liceret) 
domo cederent et sedificiis obirent. Quocirca non dubitamus quin Regia 
Majestas, (cuius est singularis providentia et in ejusmodi rebus summum 
imperium et authoritas ex augustissimi sui concilii seiitentia, cuius te non 
Immerito caput et principem esse putamus,) in alios usus meliores et pro- 
biores illud coenobium brevi convertet. Quod si velit eo augere collegium 
aliquod et prsecipue nostrum, etiamsi non est ille locus admodum amplus et 
spatiosus, nobis tamen accessio videbitur facta maxima, et faciet certe 
Majestas Ejus rem Academise gratam, nobis necessariam et nobihssimo 
Principi ac posteris ejus fortasse non injucundam. Solebant enim illustris- 



simi Regis nostri majores, si quando forte fortuna Cantabrigiam venissent, 
in nostrum collegium fere semper divertere, vel quod ab oppldi strepitu et 
turba sit remotus vel quod amni vicinus vel quod non inamcene situra sit. 
Itaque si locus ille, proiapsis jam coenobii sedificiis, vel horreis vel fortasse 
coriarii oflicina fuerit interceptus, poterit et nobis esse incommodus et si quid 
tale coutiugat Ejus Majestati et augustissimss soboli esse molestus: siu 
fuerit ad necessaries nostri collegii usus, ad quos tale quiddam desidera- 
mus et vehementer egemus, distributus, non solum nos immortaliter eo 
beneficio n'ostra causa gaudebimus, verum etiam vehementer Isetabimur, 
quod et ad Regiam quoque Majestatem nonnulhim illius beneficii fructuni 
perventurum esse speremus. 

Quocirca te majorem in modum rogamus, amplissime Dne, ut ipse 
anuuere ac favere petitioni huic nostrae velis ; quod si feceris, apud Regem 
serenissimum ac benignissimum nrm Diim taiiti scimus (nee injuria) tuam 
esse autiioritatem, ut vehementer speremus nos id quod postulamus brevi 
impetraturos. Quod quidem si contingat, sciat tua Dominatio te tiiis ora- 
toribus rem maxime necessai'iam et iucundissimam fecisse et cuius memo- 
riam non ingi-atam semper sumus habituri. Bene valeat tua Dominatio in 
Chfo. Cantabrigioe ex coilegio Regise viij° AugTisti. 

Tuse Celsitudini deditissimi 
Magister et Socii Collegii 
Reginei Cantabrigiensia 
Clarissimo ac Nobilissimo 
Dub, Dno Thomee 
Crumwello, D. privati 
Sigilli et consiliario 
Regise Majestati a 
secretioribus consiliis primario. 

X. William Glynn. 

p. 245, last line. The following letter (MS. Havl. 604. fo. 75. 76.) 
by ' William Glynn, priest,' to * Mr Thomas Cromwell, secretary 
to the king's highnes,' and therefore written between 1534 and 
9 July 1536 (Cooper, Ath. i. 73) may have been the compo- 
sition of William Glynn, fellow of Queens' ; where he then was 
living is not stated; in that period he may have had leave of 
absence and been engaged in serving some clmrch. 

Pleaseth yo"^ m*shipp be adv'tised, that the sale of abusions and mart of 
vice is now (thankes be to Ihu) gretly decayd in thes parties, and so shall 
dayly, if the great maynteno"' of them the bishoppe of Rome 1 mean w' 
his complices mae be expelled utt'ly out of menis hertes, as I trust hit 
sliall, the truth ons known whiche was supp'ssed her to aifor be kroked 
suttcUyty. And now because I know that the lawys of God shuld be 



Vlll 

p'ferred to man is t'dicons, I have ben ofte and shall be (onles yo' m'shipp 
help) troubled w' this matt". The popyshe law will that they that be 
maried w' in the iiij* degre or wher ther is any aflSnite or gossypred shuld 
be dyvorsed, and that they do know, and hathe ben to vere ofte used her, 
and they wold have hit used now ; the whiche I wyll not do, onles I be 
comaundyd by you, whiche I know hath autorite and more lernyng than I 
have, to whom I will obey w' all my hert, as knoeth God, who p's'^ve you T 
welthe and bono'. W'ten the ij"" day of Novemb'. 

By y"^ beedman, 

WiLLM GlYN, p'st. 

To the right honorable 
M' Tomas Cromwell, 
Secretary to the Kinges 
highnes, w' bono'. 

p. 246, 1. 10. The following is the account of William Glynn's be- 
haviour on this occasion given by Alban Langdale (Cooper, Ath. i. 
509) in the Epistola nnncupatoria (pp. 7-8.) prefixed to his 
Catholica confutatio cujusdarti determinationis D. Nicolai Ridlei 
(4to. Lutet. 1556). 

Quid multis 1 primi diei disputatione sic peracta, publico ante dimissam 
scholam, visitatorum jussu, tale edictum subito proponitur, ut si quis infra 
unum et alterum diem velit contrariam partem (catholicam dicimus) de- 
fendere ac tueri, liceret: quod ita gestum est, quasi, si nemo assurgeret, 
ipsi perpetuo omnibus silentium sua authoritate imponerent. Jam hie 
alius subinde alium aspectat, imo qui huic muneri se ultro offerat, expectat 
potius. Silent omnes, et trementes quidam, ne tam gloriosam apud suos 
victoriam reportarent, quum re ipsa, invicta argumentorum vi, quae contra 
eo die vibrata sunt, ipsi jam vulnerati plane ceciderant: ne, inquam, vicisse 
se (quod ubique solent) et cunctis ora clausisse gloriarentur, timebant omnes 
boni. Tota itaque concione alto sileutio persistente, ecce tibi virum 
[' D. Glynnum indicat nunc Bangoriensem episcopum.' Marg.] qualem vis 
dicam ? certe, vel illorum oninium judicio, et gravitate niaturum, et 
pietate doctum, qui jam cognitione linguarum peritus, et sacrse Theologise, 
lectionem publicam, professor, magna cum laude diu prelegerat. Is se 
nmrum aereum (ut prophetse verbis dicam) pro vero Israele opponere non 
dubitavit, et respondentis sedem suo tempore capessens, declarationem 
suam (quam positionem Cantabrigienses appellamus) sic e psalmo orsus est : 
Credidi (ait propheta) propter quod locutus sum : et nos (inquit ille) credi- 
mus propter quod et loquimur, et caetera : quo quidem orationis suae 
divino exordio, illorum animos sic perculsit, sic piorum mentes refecit, ut 
hos erectos, illos jacentes jam videas. De ejus viri responsione quid 
dicam '] eorum sophismata, seu confictas contra veritatem rationes ita 
dissolvit, ita eflfregit, ut quivis, nisi qui sibi lumina ipse clauserat, videret. 



THE HISTORY 



QUEENS' COLLEGE, 

OF 
SAINT MARGARET AND SAINT BERNARD 

IN THE 

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. 



THE FOUNDATION. 

N their present form, most of the 
colleges in the old universities of 
England are the result of many 
successive enlargements, for at 
first their foundations were often 
verj humble. They were also 
not unfrequently derived from 
small previous colleges or halls; 
Gonville and Caius college, Tri- 
nity college, St Mary Magdalene 
college, Christ's college are ex- 
amples of this ; but the one whose 
early history most nearly resembles that of Queens' college is 
the neighbouring King's college, where on the site of St 
Nicholas' hostel (among others) the small foundation of the 
King's college of St Nicholas for one rector and twelve scho- 
lars soon expanded into the magnificent one of the King's 
college of our Lady and St Nicholas with its provost and 
seventy scholars. 

1 




In a similar way the existing Queens' college of St Margaret 
and St Bernard had a predecessor in the college of St Bernard, 
named probably after the still earlier St Bernard's hostel. 

As it existed only 16 months, its history is necessarily a 
very short one, but since (as will be seen) the two foundations 
were intimately connected, what is known of St Bernard's col- 
lege will fitly come first. 

Of the history of St Bernard's hostel, whose principal, 
Andrew Doket, was the first president of Queens' college, 
nothing is known previous to the middle of the fifteenth cen- 
tury. Andrew Doket may have been the founder of the hostel 
as he was certainly the owner of it, but the date of its establish- 
ment and erection have not come down to us. After the foun- 
dation of the college, the hostel became a mere appendage to 
it; and though it is mentioned by Fuller among the larger 
hostels for 'Artiste' and as having a considerable number of 
Kegents, besides non-Eegents above them and young students 
beneath them, residing in it, yet the particulars concerning it 
that are recorded are very few in number ; and as besides this 
the hostel itself had no share in the foundation of the college, 
an account of it will be found with the history of the other 
hostels that belonged to Queens' college. 




''HW 



€f)t €o\k^t of ^t ^ernartr, 

3 Wtt, 1446—30 iWarcl) 1448. 
FIRST FOUNDATION, 3 Dec. 1446. 



CAEEFUL search has failed to 
bring to light any earlier docu- 
ment or paper referring directly to 
this short-lived college than the 
charter of Henry VI. for its 
foundation. The deed itself is 
not preserved, but there is an en- 
rolment of it in the Public Kecord 
Office (Charter 25 and 26 Hen.VI. 
n, 37. Documents relating to the 
univ. and coll. of Cambr. Lond. 
1852, i. 49), and the loss of the 

charter is the less to be regretted, as its contents may also be 

known from a subsequent deed of 21 Aug. 1447. 

By this first charter the King Henry VI. did,— ' to the 

glory and honour of Almighty God, in whose hands are the 

1—2 




hearts of kings, and of the blessed virgin Mary, the mother of 
Christ, and of the glorious confessor St Bernard, for the extir- 
pation of heresies and errors, the augmentation of the faith, the 
advantage of the clergy, and the stability of the church, whose 
mysteries ought to be entrusted to fit persons, who should shine 
like stars in their courses, and, by learning and example alike, 
instruct the people,' — on 3 Dec. 1446 found a college for a pre- 
sident and four fellows, more or less, according to the increase 
or decrease of their means, in the university of Cambridge by 
the name of St Bernard's college. 

The site whereon the college was proposed to be erected was 
a plot of ground described as situate in the parish of St Botolph, 
between messuages of the nuns of St Radegundis (Tanner, 
Not. Mon. 43), Andrew Doket clerk and others, on the south 
side, and messuages of the convent of Sawtry (Tanner, 194) and 
Benet Morys dyer, on the north side, abutting on the east side 
on Trumpington street, and on the west on the street leading 
towards the Carmelite friars. The length from east to west was 
277|- feet, and its breadth from 72 to 75 feet. It had been made 
over to the King for this purpose of founding a college, by 
B-ichard Andrewe, burgess of Cambridge, by a deed of the pre- 
vious 8 Nov. (1446). 

The society, as constituted by this charter, consisted of 

Andrew Doket, president, and 

John Lawe, 

Alexander Forkelowe, 

Thomas Heywode, 

John Carewey, clerks, the first fellows. 

By this charter also 

John Somerseth, chancellor of the king's exchequer, 

John Langton, chancellor of the university, 

Richard Cawedray, 

Peter Hirford, 

Gilbert Worthington, and 

Thomas Boleyn 



were appointed to draw up statutes for the government of the 
new college of St Bernard. 



The land given by Richard Andrewe did not however be- 
come the site of the actual buildings, and part of St Catherine's 
college stands on it. For before anything could have been done 
towards beginning the walls, the society procured a piece of 
ground near to the river, and this, together with four tenements 
obtained about the same time, they made over to the King by 
the following deed of 1 Aug. 25 Hen. VI. 1447: — 

OmnibTis ad quos presens scriptum. pervenerit, Andreas Dokefc, 
clericus, presidens collegii sancti Bernardi iu Cantebrigia et socii 
ejusdem collegii, Sahitem in Domino sempiternam. 

Sciatis [quod] nos unanimi assensu et voluntate dedimus conces- 
simus et hoc present! scripto nostro pro nobis et successoribus nostris 
confirmavimus illustrissimo principi et domino, domino Henrico, Dei 
gratia nunc regi Anglie et Francie et domino Hybernie, unum 
mesuagium cum domibus et gardino eidem mesuagio adjacentibus 
que Benedictus Lyster tenet ad firmam, et jacet in Cantebrigia pre- 
dicta in parochia sancti Botulphi inter tenementum Johannis Morys 
armigeri et tenementum collegii Corporis Christi ac tenementum 
Thome Forster et viam regiam vocatam Smalebriggestrete ex parte 
australi et habitationem fratrum Carmelitarum ville Cantebrigie ex 
parte boriali, et abbuttat ad unum caput super ripariam versus occi- 
dentem et ad alteram caput abbuttat super venellam vocatam 
Milstrete versus orientem : que quidem mesuagium domos et gardi- 
num nuper [24 Jul.] habuimus ex dono et concessione predict! 
Johannis Morys et Elizabeth uxoris sue. Dedimus etiam et con- 
cessimus et hoc present! scripto nostro pro nobis et successoribus 
nostris confirmavimus prefato domino Regi quatuor tenementa cum 
gardinis eisdem tenementis adjacentibus et ceteris suis pertinentiis 
situata et jacentia in dicta parochia sancti Botulphi inter angulare 
mesuagium nuper dicti Johannis Morys et Elizabeth uxoris sue 
jacens juxta ripariam ibidem ex parte occidentali et tenementum 
dicti collegii Corporis Christi in Cantebrigia ex parte orientali et 
viam regiam vocatam Smalebriggestrete ex parte australi et gar- 
dinum nuper prefati Johannis Morys et dicte Elizabeth uxoris ejus 
ex parte boriali, — que quidem quatuor tenementa cum gardinis et 
suis pertinentiis nos prefati presidens et socii nuper [26 Jul.] habuimus 



ex dono et concessione predict! Johannis Morys et Johannis Battisford 
de Chesterton, habenda et tenenda omnia et singula predicta mesua- 
gium demos gardina et tenementa cum omnibus suis pertinenciis 
prefato domino Regi heredibns et assignatis suis imperpetuum. 

Et nos vero prefati presidens et socii et successores nostri pre- 
dictum mesuagium domos gardina et tenementa cum suis pertinentiis 
eidem domino Regi lieredibiis et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes 
warrantizabimus et imperpetuum defendemus. 

In cuius rei testimonium liuic presenti scripto nostro sigillum 
nostrum commune est appositum biis testibus: Thoma Crosse, tunc 
majore ville Cantebrigie, Simon e Renkyn, Jobanne Scot, Johaiine 
Sexteyn, Jobanne Lawe, tunc ballivis ejusdem ville, Benedicto Morys, 
Willelmo Alrede, Henrico Syrason, Roberto Malpas et aliis. Datum 
apud Cantebrigiam predicta m, primo die Augusti, anno regni predicti 
domini regis Henrici sexti post couquestum vicesimo quinto. 

To this document tlie college seal is appended. It is round, 
nearly two inches in diameter. The field is divided into three 
compartments. In the centre one is seen St Bernard under a 
canopy holding a hook in his right hand, and in his left a pas- 
toral staff: beneath him is a shield bearing the royal arms of 
England and France quartered. On each side of the saint are 
elaborate canopies: beneath that on the dexter side are four 
kneeling figures, and beneath that on the sinister side is one 
kneeling figure, doubtless to represent the four fellows and the 
president of the college. Behind the president is a standing 
figure of an angel in an alb, swinging a censer. The inscription 
in small gothic letters is 

^igillu tot [prestonf $r socior' colkgii sH t)cr]narlJi tit 
canttbrig'. 

The deed itself is of parchment and measures 13 inches by 
5 inches. 

The society also returned the foundation charter into the 
king's chancery with the petition, that it might be cancelled 
and another charter granted refounding the college on the new 
site next to the house of the Carmelite friars: for this seemed to 
the president and fellows more favourable to the prospects of 
their new college, as giving greater scope to its buildings ; this 



they mentioned in the deed of surrender, referred to in the char- 
ter of 21 Aug. 

The messuage and tenements thus conveyed to the King 
form the site of the first court, of the cloister court, and of part 
of the fellows' building. The tenements belonging to John 
Morys, Thomas Forster, and Corpus Christi college, which occu- 
pied the position of the ' return ' of the fellows' building, were 
not acquired till later. 

SECOND FOUNDATION, 21 Aug. 1447. 

The King acceded to the request of the society, and a char- 
ter of the following 21 Aug. (25 Hen. VI. 1447) revoked the 
former charter, and refounded the college of St Bernard on the 
new site. It is by this deed, still remaining in the college 
treasury, that we are made acquainted with the provision of the 
charter of 3 Dec. 1446. 

The name of the college, the president and the four fellows 
constituted by it, are the same as in the earlier charter, but as 
in the mean time John Langton, chancellor of the university, 
and Gilbert Worthington had died, other framers of the statutes 
were appointed in their stead, viz. 

John Sperhauk, and 
Hugh Damlet. 

The college was empowered to hold lands, and advowsons 
and other ecclesiastical property in mortmain to the amount of 
£100 per annum, a licence which was soon after greatly ex- 
tended. In this charter the King appears in some degree to 
claim the credit of being the founder of the college, as the reason 
for its exemption from all corrodies, pensions, etc., (which might 
be granted by the King 'ratione dicte fundationis nostri') is ex- 
pressed in the words, 'eo quod collegium predictum de funda- 
tione nostra, ut premittitur, existit.' 

The witnesses to this charter were 

John Stafford, archbishop of Canterbury, lord high chan- 
cellor, 



William Booth, bishop of Lincoln, 

Marmaduke Lumlej, bishop of Carlisle, lord treasurer, 

Adam Moleyns, bishop of Chichester, lord keeper of the 

privy seal, 
Kichard, duke of York, father of Edward IV, 
Humphry Stafford, duke of Buckingham, 
Edmund Beaufort, marquis of Dorset, 
William de la Pole, marquis of Suffolk, 
Eichard Neville, earl of Salisbury, 
John Talbot, earl of Shrewsbury, 
Sir Ralph Cromwell, afterwards lord treasurer, 
Sir John Stourton, treasurer of the royal household, and 

others. 

The charter of foundation is as follows : — 

HENEICUS DEI GEATIA Eex Anglie et "Francie et Dominus 
Hibernie, Archiepiscopis, Episcopis, Abbatibus, Prioribus, Ducibus, 
Marchionibus, Comitibus, Baronibus ac omnibus Ballivis et fidelibus 
suis, Salutem. 

Sciatis quod — cum nos tercio die Decembris ultimo preterite per 
quandam cartam nostram 

ad laudem gloriam et honorem omnipotentis Dei, in cuius manu 
corda sunt regum, beatissime et intemerate virginis Marie, matris 
Christi, necnon gloriosi confessoris sancti Bernardi, extirpationem 
heresium et errorum, fidei augmentum, clerique decorem ac stabili- 
mentum sacrosancte matris ecclesie, cuius misteria personis sunt 
ydoneis committenda que velut stelle in custodiis suis lumen prebeant 
et populos instruant doctrina pariter et exemplo, 

quoddam collegium perpetuum juxta tenorem dicte carte nostre 
in et de numero nnius presidentis et quatuor sociorum, (seu plurium 
vel pauciorum prout casus eveniret secundum ipsius collegii facultates 
et expensas ampliandas vel diminuendas) 

in universitate nostra Cantebr. moraturorum ad studendum et 
orandum — pro salubri statu nostro ac statu consortis nostre dum vix- 
erimus et pro animabus nostris cum ab hac luce migraverimus nec- 
non pro animabus patris et matris nostrorum cunctorumque progeni- 
torum nostrorum et omnium fidelium defunctorum, — 

quos quidem presidentem et socios omnes et singulos successive 
suis temporibus ibidem existentes juxta statuta et ordinationes (inde 
per venerabiles viros magistrum Johannem Somerseth cancellarium 



9 

scaccarii nostri et magistrum Johannem Langton tunc caDcellarium 
dicte universitatis nostri jam defunctum, Ricardum Cawedray, Petmm 
Hirford, Gilbertnm Worthington defunctum et Thomam Boleyn dum 
vixissent ipsorumve majorem partem et post decessum alicuius vel 
aliquorum eorum per ipsos qui supervixissent sen per eorum sic 
superviventium majorem partem concedenda statuenda facienda et 
stabilienda) eligi prefici et institui, regi dirigi et gubernari, corrigi 
puniri amoveri destitui et privari voluerimus 

in quodam fundo sive solo (situato in pai-ochia sancte Botulpbi in 
villa Cantebrigie inter mesuagium mouialium sancte Eadegundis 
Cantebr., Andrea Doket clerici, Reginaldi Ely, Thome Neel, Thome 
Lovell, Henrici Symsone et Roberfci Bradwey clerici, ex parte 
australi, et mesuagivim Abbatis et conventus de Sawtry et mesuagium 
Benedicti Morys dyer, ex parte boriali, et abbuttat ad caput orientale 
super regiam viam vocatam Trumpyngton-strete et ad caput occi- 
dentale super regiam viam ducentem versus fratres Carmelitas 
Cantebr., et continet in longitudine a capite orientali usque ad caput 
occidentale ducentos septuaginta et septem pedes et dimidium pedis 
et in latitudine in capite orientali septuaginta et quinque pedes et 
in latitudine in capite occidentali septuaginta et duos pedes de 
standardo), quem quidem fundum ad hos finem et effectum nuper 
habuimus ex dono et concessione E-icardi Andrewe burgensis ville 
Cantabrigie per quandam cartam suam datam octavo die Novembris 
ultimo preterito nobis factam — tenore carte predicts fundaverimus 
erexerimus fecerimus et stabiliverimus perpetuis futuris temporibus 
duraturum, 

et magistrum Andream Doket presidentem et pro presidente 
ipsius collegii et Johannem Lawe, Alexandrum Forkelowe, Thomam 
Haywode et Johannem Careway clericos, socios ejusdem collegii 
per nos electos et ad hoc assumptos, secundum ordination es et 
statuta inde per predictos Johannem Somerseth, Johannem Langton, 
Bicardum, Petrum, Gilbertum, et Thomam ut predicitur facienda 
edenda regendos corrigendos privandos amovendos prefecerimus 
creaverimus et ordinaverimus, prout in dicta carte nostra inter alia 
dicte fundationi erection i facture et stabilimento consona et oppor- 
tuna plenius continetur, 

quam quidem cartam cum omnibus et singulis in eadem con- 
tentis cancellandam cassandam revocandam et adnullandam predicti 
presidens et socii in cancellariam nostram, nostro regio assensu eis 
in hac parte obtento, restituerunt, 



10 

Nos humillime supplicantes quatenus ea sic cancellanda cassanda 
revocanda adnullanda acceptare et (pro placabiliori situ ac elargatione 
edificiorum et habitationis hujusmodi collegii) collegium aliud — in 
quodam alio fundo et solo situate et jacente in parocMa sancti 
Botulphi in Cantebrigia, jacente inter babitationem. fratrum Car- 
melitarum ville Cantebr. ex parte boriali, et vicum regium vocatum 
Smalebriggestrete ex parte australi et ripariam ibidem ex parte 
occidentali et venellam vocatam Millestrete ex parte orientali nuper 
Johannis Morys de Trumpyngton armigeri, (quod quidem solum et 
fundum nuper ad bos finem et efFectum babuimus ex dono et conces- 
sione predictorum presidentis et sociorum per nomen unius mesuagii 
cum domibus et gardino et quatuor tenementorum cum gardinis 
eisdem tenementis adjacentibus, prout in quodam scripto ipsorum 
presidentis et sociorum de data primi diei Augusti ultimi preteriti 
iude nobis confecto plenius continetur) de novo fundare erigere 
facere et stabilire in forma subsequenti dignaremur: 

NOS, OMNIA et singula premissa interna meditatione merito 
contemplantes, de assensu presidentis et sociorum jDredictorum et ad 
eorum speciales instantiam et supplication em nobis (ut predicitur) 
factas et de gratia nostra speciali ac ex certa scieutia nostra, dictam 
cartam nostram in forma predicta cancellandam acceptamus et tenore 
presentium cancellamus, ac omnia et singula in eadem contenta et 
specificata cassamus adnullamus et revocamus, et ea cassari ad- 
nullari et omnino revocari decernimus per presentes. 

Et ulterius, ad laudem gloriam et bonorem Dei, beate Marie 
et sancti Bernardi prenominatorum, ac ad cetera divine pietatis opera 
prelibata, quoddam collegium imperpetuum juxta tenorem presentium 
in et de numero unius presidentis et quatuor sociorum, (seu plurium 
vel pauciorum prout casus evenerit secundum ipsius collegii facultates 
et expensas ampliandas vel diminuendas) 

in universitate nostra Cantebr. moraturorum ad studendum et 
orandum — pro salubri statu nostro ac statu Margarete regine consoi-tis 
nostre dum vixerimus et pro animabus nosti'is cum ab hac luce 
migraverimus necnon pro animabus inclitorum patris et matris nos- 
trorum cunctorumque progenitorum nostrorum et omnium fidelium 
defunctorum — 

quos quidem presidentem et socios omnes et singulos successive 
suis temporibus ibi existentes juxta statuta et ordinationes (inde per 
predictos Jobannem Somersetb, Ricardum Cawedray, Petrum Hir- 
ford ac Jobannem Sperbauk, Hugonem Damlet et Tbomam Boleyn 



11 

dum vixerint ipsorumve majorem partem, et post decessum alicuius 
vel aliquorum eorum per ipsos qui supervixerint vel per eorum sic 
stiperviventium majorem partem concedenda statuenda facienda et 
stabilienda) eligi prefici et institui, regi dirigi et gubernari, corrigi 
puniri et amoveri, destitvxi et privai'i volumus 

in dicto fundo sive solo quod (ut predicitur) nuper habuimus ex 
dono et concessione predictorum presideutis et sociorum tenore pre- 
sentium fundamus erigimus facimus et stabilimus perpetuis futuris 
temporibus duraturum, 

ac predictum. magistrum Andream Doket presidentem et pro 
presidente ij)sius coUegii et predictos Joliannem Lawe, Alexandrum 
Forkelowe, Tliomam Haywode et Johaunem Carewey clericos, 
socios ejusdem collegii per nos electos et ad lioc assiimptos secundum 
ordinationes et statuta inde per predictos Johannem Somerseth 
Ricardum Petrum Joliannem Sperliauk Hugonem et Thomam Boleyn 
(ut predicitur) facienda [et] edenda, regendos corrigendos privandos et 
amovendos prefecimus creavimus et ordinavimus, preficimus creamus 
et ordinamus per presentes ; 

volentes et concedentes quod iidem presidens et socii et suc- 
cessores sui presidentes et socii ejusdem collegii juxta ordinationes et 
statuta (ut premittitvir) facienda et edenda, eligei-e congregare et 
admittere poterint sibi plures socios secundum ordinationes et statuta 
ilia regendos corrigendos privandos et amovendos, quos quidem socios 
et eorum successores sic electos congregates et admissos (secundum 
liuiusmodi statuta et ordinationes regendos corrigendos privandos et 
amovendos) socios esse ipsius collegii et tanquam socios et membra 
ejusdem collegii baberi teneri et in omnibus reputari volumus et 
concedimus pro nobis heredibus et successoribus nostris imperpetuum 
per presentes ; 

volentes ulterius et concedentes quod, prefato presidente cedente 
vel decedente vel quacunqxie alia de causa inde amoto sive private, 
socii residui collegii pro tempore existentes secundum formam et 
effectum ordinationum et statutorum bujusmodi (ut predicitur) fien- 
dorum, alteram idoneum virum in presidentem et pro presidente 
ejusdem collegii per cancellarum predicte universitatis et successores 
suos pro tempore existentes et non per nos neque beredes vel succes- 
sores nostros tenore presentium duximus admittendum et confirman- 
diim et secundum ordinationes et statuta predicta regendum corrigen- 
dum privandum et amovendumj 

et quod hujusmodi presidentibus cedentibus vel decedentibus aut 



12 

quoquo modo exinde privatis sen amotis in, ftiturum habeant dicti 
residui socii collegii antedicti et habere possint juxta ordinationes et 
statuta (ut premittitur) fienda, liberam electionem de tempore in 
tempus novi presidentis collegii supradicti queni in presidentem col- 
legii illius modo et forma prenotatis admitti et confirmari ac in presi- 
dentem ejusdem collegii sic admissum et confirmatum et secundum 
ordinationes et statuta predicta regendum corrigendum privandum et 
amovendum presidentem esse perpetuum ejusdem collegii absque 
licentia de nobis beredibus et successoribus nostris inde petenda vel 
prosequenda et non alium neque alio modo volumus et concedimus 
pro nobis heredibus et successoribus nostris quantum in nobis est 
imperpetuum per presentes ; 

volentes etiam et concedentes, quod sociis ejusdem collegii ceden- 
tibus vel decedentibus aut exinde privatis vel amotis aut eorum 
aliquo cedente vel decedente aut exinde privato seu amoto in futurum, 
habeant dicti presidens et socii et successores sui predicti imper- 
petuum juxta hujusmodi ordinationes et statuta liberam electionem et 
confirmationem novorum sociorum in eorum loco ponendorum absque 
licentia inde de nobis heredibus vel successoribus nostris petenda vel 
prosequenda in futurum, quos sic electos confirmatos et admissos, et 
non alios, socios esse collegii predicti, et tanquam socios et membra 
ejusdem collegii haberi teneri et reputari secundum ordinationes et 
statuta ilia regendos corrigendos et amovendos volumus et conce- 
dimus imperpetuum per presentes. 

XJlterius et concedimus quod presidens et socii antedicti pro tem- 
pore ibidem existentes et eorum successores in perpetuum Presidens 

et Socii Collegii Sancti Bernardi de Cantebrigia imperpetuum 

nuncupentur; 

et quod idem presidens et socii sint unum corpus in se in re et 
in nomine, et perpetuam habeant successionem, et quod ipsi, per 
nomen et sub nomine presidentis et sociorum collegii predicti, sint 
persone habiles et capaces et perpetue in lege ad impetrandum reci- 
piendum et perquirendum terras tenementa redditus et servicia advo- 
cationes ecclesiarum tam de nobis heredibus et successoribus nostris 
quam de aliis personis quibuscumque, licet ea de nobis heredibus et 
successoribus nostris immediate teneantur per servitium militare aut 
alio modo quocumque; habeiida et tenenda eisdem presidenti et 
sociis et successoribus suis imperpetuum, statuto de terris et tene- 
mentis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non obstante, 

ac insuper quod ipsi per nomen predictum placitare possint et 



13 

iinplacitari, prosequi et defendere oranimodas actiones reales et per- 
sonales ac mixtas cujuscumque generis fueriut vel nature ac sectas 
causas et querelas quascumque, ac eis respondere et in eisdem respon- 
deri valeant sub nomine predicto coram nobis et heredibus nostris, 
ac etiam coram justiciariis judicibus secularibus et ecclesiasticis qui- 
buscunque, 

et quod idem presidens et socii et eorum successores imperpetuum 
habeant unum sigillum commune pro negotiis et factis suis agendis et 
causis suis serviturum. 

Dedimus ulterius et concessimus ac etiam damus et concedimus 
per presentes pro nobis heredibus et successoribus nostris prefatis 
presidenti et sociis et successoribus suis tarn predictum fundum sive 
solum — quod nuper (ut predictum est) ex dono et concessione eorun- 
dem presidentis et sociorum pi'O domibus et edificiis eorumque man- 
sionibus et aliis necessariis suis in et super eodem fundo sive solo 
construendis et faciendis — quam unum tenementum cum suis perti- 
nentiis jacens in parocbia sancti Botitlpbi Cantebr. juxta tenemen- 
tum coUegii Corporis Cliristi et beate Marie Cantebr. ex parte boreali 
et tenementum rectorie sancti BotulpM ex parte australi, et abbut- 
tat ad unum caput super gardinum dicti coUegii Corporis Christi et ad 
alium capu-t super regiam viam vocatam Altam Stratam versus occi- 
dentem, ac etiam predictum solum et fundum quod nuper (ut predic- 
tum est) habuimus ex dono et concessione predicti Ricardi Andrewe, 
habenda et tenenda eisdem presidenti et sociis et successoribus suis 
in liberam puram et perpetuam elemosinam imperpetuum, predicto 
statuto non obstante. 

Preterea concessimus et licentiam dedimus pro nobis heredibus et 
successoribus nostris quantum in nobis est, prefatis Johanni Somer- 
seth, Ricardo, Petro, Johanni Sperhauk, Hugoni et Thome Boleyn, 
quod ipsi sex dum vixerint seu eorum major pars, et post decessum 
alicuius vel aliquorum eorum sic superviventium major pars ordina- 
tiones et statuta predicta corrigere emendare reformare seu totaliter 
mutare et cum eis dispensare ac nova ordiaaciones et statuta pro 
bona et sana gubernatione collegii prenotati facere poterunt vel pote- 
rit, juxta que presidentes et socii collegii prelibati ex tunc in eodem 
collegio futuri et existentes regi et gubernari debeant, ac modo et 
forma prenotatis amovendi et privandi existant. 

Insuper de gratia nostra speciali concessimus et licentiam dedi- 
mus per presentes pro nobis heredibus et successoribus nostris quan- 
tum in nobis est, prefatis presidenti et sociis ac suis successoribus 



14 

predictis, quod ipsi perquirere possint terras tenenxenta et redditus 
necnon advocationes ecclesiarum et aliorum beneficiorum ecclesiasti- 
corum quorumcTinqvie tarn de terris et tenementis que de nobis . in 
capita per servitium militare aut per aliquod aliud servicium seu de 
aliis quam de nobis per quodcumque servicium teneantur, que qui- 
dem terre tenementa redditus et ecclesie et alia beneficia quecumque ad 
centum libras per annum attingunt, habenda et tenenda terras tene- 
menta redditus et advocationes ilia eisdem presidenti et sociis et suc- 
cessoribus suis in liberam puram et perpetuam elemosinam imper- 
petuum, 

et eadem ecclesias et alia beneficia quecumque appropriare et ea 
sic appropriata in proprios usus suos retinere sibi et successoribus 
suis pro eorum sustentatione in victu et vestitu aliisque necessariis 
eorum agenda imperpetuum absque molestatione vel impetitione 
nostri beredum seu successorum nostrorum aut aliorum quorum- 
cunque, statuto predicto seu alio aliquo statute sive ordinatione in 
contrarium edito facto vel ordinate non obstante, et hoc absque ali- 
quo feodo magno vel parvo aut aliquo fine quecumque nobis beredi- 
bus vel successoribus nostris reddendo vel faciendo pre premissis aut 
aliquo premissorum. 

Et ulterius (de uberiori gratia nostra) concessimus eisdem presi- 
denti et sociis et successoribus suis, quod ipsi presidens et socii et 
successores sui imperpetuura sint quieti de quibuscumque corrodiis 
sive sustentationibus et pensionibus alicui persona sive aliquibus per- 
senis (ad rogatum seu mandatum nostrum vel heredum seu successo- 
rum nostrorum ratione dicte fundationis nostre seu quacumqtie alia 
de causa) concedendis, ipsosque presidentem et secies et successores 
suos de bujusmodi corrodiis sive sustentationibus et pensionibus ali- 
qualiter (ut premittitur) concedendis, liberos et immunes et quietos 
et exonerates esse velumus per presentes, ee quod collegium pi-edic- 
tum de fundatione nostra (ut premittitur) existit, aut aliquo statuto 
ordinatione provisiene sive actu aute hec tempera qualitercumque 
edito facto oi'dinate seu proviso aut aliqua re causa vel materia 
quacumque. ante bee tempera babita facta seu perpetrata non ob- 
stante. *' 

Hiis testibus : venerabilibus patribus J. Arcbiepiscopo Cantuar. 
tetius Anglie primate cancellario nostre, W. Lincoln., Marmaduce 
Karliel. thesaurario nostre Anglie et A. Cicestren. custede privati 
sigilli nestri, episcepis, carissimis censanguineis nostris Ricarde 
Ebor. et HumMdo Buk. ducibus, carissimis censanguineis nostris 



15 

Edmundo Dors, et Willelmo Suff. marchionibus, ac carissimis consan- 
guineis nostris Ricardo Sar. et Johanni Salop, comitibus, dilectis et 
fidelibus nostris Radulpbo Cromwell et Johanni Stourton thesaurario 
hospitii nostri, militibus, et aliis. 

Datum per manum nostram apud "Westmonasterium vicesimo 
primo die Augusti, anno regni nostri vicesimo quinto. Kirkeham 

Per ipsum regem et de data predicta auctoritate parliamenti. 

Appended to the charter is the great seal of England. 



About this time Margaret of Anjoii, the queen of Henry VI., 
addressed a petition to him, begging to have the foundation and 
naming of the college. It is here given from the original pre- 
served among the college muniments: — 

Margaret 

RH 

To the King my souverain lord. 

Besecheth mekely Margarete qnene of Englond youre humble 
wif, Forasmuche as youre moost noble grace hath newely ordeined 
and stablisshed a collage of seint Bernai'd in the Universite of Cam- 
brigge with -multitude of grete and faire privilages pei'petuelly appar- 
tenyng unto the same as in youre Ires patentes therupon made more 
plainly hit appereth In the whiche universite is no collage founded 
by eny queue of Englond hidertoward, Plese hit therfore unto youre 
highnesse to yeve and graunte unto youre seide humble wif the 
fondacon and determinacon of the seid collage to be called and 
named the Queues collage of sainte Margerete and saint Bernard, or 
ellis of sainte Margarete vergine and martir and saint Bernard 
confessour, and therupon for ful evidence thereof to have licence and 
pouoir to ley the furst stone in her owne persone or ellis by other 
depute of her assignement, so that beside the mooste noble and 
glorieua collage roial of our Lady and saint ISTicholas founded by your 
highnesse may be founded and stablisshed the seid so called Queues 
collage to conservacon of oure feith and augmentacon of pure clergie 
namely of the imparesse of alle sciences and facultees theologic . . 
to the ende there accustumed of plain lecture and exposicon botraced 
with docteurs sentence autentiq' performed daily twyes by two 



16 

docteurs notable and wel avised upon the bible aforenoone and 
maistre of the sentences afternoone to the publique audience of alle 
men frely bothe seculiers and religieus to the magnificence of 
denominacon of suche a Quenes collage and to laud and honneure 
of sexe femenine, like as two noble and devoute contesses of Pem- 
broke and of Clare founded two collages in the same universite 
called Pembroke halle and Clare halle the wiche are of grete reputacon 
for good and worshipful clerkis that by grete multitude have be 
bredde and brought forth in theym, And of youre more ample 
grace to graunte that all privileges immunitees profites and como- 
dites conteyned in the Ires patentes above reherced may stonde in 
theire strength and pouoir after forme and ejffect of the conteine 
in theym. And she shal ever preye God for you. 

This document is written on parchment, 13 inches by 7 
inches: the queen as a royal personage puts her name at the 
top, and the letters E, H are the King's own sign manual, by 
which he countersigned the petition on returning it to the 
queen granted. Its date must be between 21 Aug. 1447 and 30 
March, 1448. 

What prompted queen Margaret to undertake the patronage 
of the college, — whether (as Fuller says) ' as Miltiades' trophy 
in Athens would not suffer Themistocles to sleap, so this Queen 
beholding her husband's bounty in building King's college 
was restless in herself with holy emulation until she had pro- 
duced something of tbe like nature, a strife wherein wives 
without breach of duty may contend with their husbands which 
should exceed in pious performances,' — or whether Andrew 
Doket, finding the King too busy with the affairs of state and 
the management of his own two foundations. King's college 
and Eton college, contrived to engage the queen's interest in 
a similar work, — there is no evidence to shew. 

Any how the college gladly accepted the queen as their 
patroness, and a second time returned their charter into chancery 
to be revoked, and resigned into the King's hands all the lands 
which they possessed, with the petition that he would grant 
them to queen Margaret together with the licence to found 
' another college in honour of the glorious virgin St Margaret 
and of St Bernard, on the ground late of John Morys of 



17 

Trumpington esquire.' The King acceded to the joint request 
of his queen and the college, and so St Bernard's college 
finally disappears. Its only memorials are the charters, a few' 
deeds referring to its sites and its seal ; for though the will of 
John Carawey of Cambridge (mentioned p. 30) contains a 
bequest to St Bernard's college, it really belongs by its date 
(26 May, 1449) to queen Margaret's college. 




'^U Ckxium'' colkge of S>t JWargartt antr ^t tSernatlJ, 
30 Mm% 1448. 



I^r viT 



_ n ,1- I. 







ETTERS patent under the great 
seal were issued on 30 March, 
1448, granting to Margaret of 
Anjou the lands of St Bernard's 
college and licence to found a 
college. It is printed in the 
' Documents relating to the uni- 
versity and colleges of Cam- 
bridge,' iii. 1 ff. in the Inspexi- 
mus charter of 1 Henry VIII. 
This is the charter mentioned in 
the calendar of the Patent Rolls 

(1802, fo.), 26 Hen. VI. p. 292, n. 39, as ' Perampla fundatio 

ac dotatio pro collegio S. Bernardi Cant.' 

It is here transcribed from the original in the college 

treasury : — 

HENRICUS DEI GEATIA Eex Anglie et Francie et Domimis 
Hibernie, omnibus ad qiios presentes litere pervenerint, Sakitem. 

Sciatis quod — cum nos vicesimo primo die Avigusti ultimo pre- 
terito per quandam cartam nostram 



19 

ad laudem gloriam et honorem omnipotentis Dei, in cuius 
manu corda sunt regiim, et beatissime et intemerate virginis Marie 
matris Christi necnon gloriosi confessoris sancti Bernardi, extirpa- 
tionem heresium et errorum, fidei augmentum, cleriqvie decorem ac 
stabilimentiim sacrosancte matris ecclesie, cuius roisteria personis 
sunt ydoneis committenda que velut stelle in custodiis suis lumen 
prebeant, et populos instriiant doctrina pariter et exemplo, 

quoddam collegium perpetuum juxta tenorem dicte carte uostre 
in et de numero unius presidentis et quatuor sociorum (sen plu- 
riam vel pauciorum prout casus eveniret secundum ipsius collegii 
facultates et expensas ampliandas vel diminuendas) 

in utiiversitate nostra Cantebr. moraturorum ad studendum et 
orandnm — pro salubri statu nostro ac statu precarissime consortis 
nostre Margarete regine Anglie dum vixissemus et pro animabus 
xiostris cum ab liac luce migi'assemus, necnon pro animabus incli- 
torum patris et matris nostroruni cunctorumque progenitorum nos- 
trorum et omnium fidelium defunctorum — quos quidem presidentem 
et socios omnes et singulos successive suis temporibus ibi existentes 
juxta statuta et ordinationes (inde per venerabiles viros magistrum 
Johannem Somersetli cancellarium scaccarii nostri, Ricardum Cawe- 
dray, Petrum Hyrford, Johannem Sparhauk, Hugonem Damlet, et 
Thomam Boleyn clericos, dum vixissent ipsorumve majorem partem, 
et post decessum alicuius vel aliquorum eorum per ipsos qui super- 
vixissent seu per eorum sic superviventium majorum condenda 
statuenda facienda et stabilienda) eligi pi'efici et institui, regi dirigi 
et gubernari, corrigi puniri et amoveri, destitui et privari volue- 
rimus 

in quodam fundo et solo situate in parochia sancti Botulphi in 
Cantebrigia (jacente inter habitationem fratrum Carmelitarum ville 
Cantebrigie ex parte boriali et vicum regium vocatum Smallbrigge- 
strete ex parte australi et ripariam ibidem ex parte occidentali et 
venellam vocatam Millestrete ex parte orientali), 

quod quidem solum et fundum nuper ad hos finem et efFectum 
habuimus ex dono et concessione predictorum presidentis et socio- 
rum per nomen unius mesuagii cum domibus et gardino et quatuor 
tenementorum cum gardinis eisdem tenementis adjacentibus, prout 
in quodam scripto ipsorum presidentis et sociorum de data primi 
diei Augusti tunc ultimo preteriti inde nobis confecto plenius con- 
tin etur, 

tenore carte predicte fundaverimus erexerimus fecerimus et stabili- 

2—2 



20 

verimus pei'petuis futuris temporibus duraturum ae magistrum An- 
clream Doketpresidentem et pro presidente ipsius coUegii etJoliannem 
Lawe, Alexandrum Forkelowe, Thomam Haywode, et Johaunem 
Carewej clericos, socios ejusdem eollegii per nos electos et ad hoc 
assumptos, secundum ordinationes et statuta inde per predictos 
Joliannem Somerseth Ricardum Petrum Johannem Sperliauk, 
Hugonein et Thomam Boleyn (ut predicitur) facienda et edenda 
regeudos corrigendos privandos et amovendos prefecerimus creaveii- 
inus et ordinaverimus, prout in dicta carta nostra inde inter alia 
dictis fundationi erectioni facture et stabilimento consona et opportuna 
plenius continetur, 

quam quidem cartam cum omnibus et singulis in eadem content! s 
pi'edicti presidens et socii in cancellariam nostram, nostro regio 
assensu eis in hac parte obtento, restituerunt eancellandam cassan- 
dam revocandam et adnullandam, 

Nos humillime supplicantes quatenus earn sic eancellandam cassan- 
dam revocandam et adnullandam acceptare et — tarn fundum sive 
solum predicttim cum suis pertinentiis quam aliud fundum sive 
solum (oituatum in dicta parochia sancti Botulphi in dicta villa 
Cantebrigie inter mesuagium monialium sancte Radegundis Cantebr. 
necnon mesuagium Andree Doket clerici, mesuagium Eeginaldi Eli, 
mesuagium Tliome Neel, mesuagium Thome Lovell, mesuagium Hen- 
rici Symsone et mesuagium Roberti Bradwey clerici ex parte australi 
ct mesuagiiim Abbatis et conventus de Sawetry ac mesuagium Bene- 
dicti Morys dyer ex parte boriali, et abbuttat ad caput orientale 
super regiam viam vocatam Trumpyngton Strete, ad caput occiden- 
tale super regiam viam duct ntem versus fra.tres Carmelitas Cantebr.) 
cum suis pertinentiis, quod quidem fundum sive solum prefati presi- 
dens et socii ex concessione nosti^a nuper habuerent, nee non unum 
tenementum cum suis pertinentiis (jacens in dicta parochia sancti 
Botulphi Cantebr. juxta tenementum eollegii Corporis Christi et beate 
Marie Cantebr. ex parte boriali et tenementum rectorie sancti Botulphi 
ex parte australi, et abbuttat ad unum caput super gardinum dicti 
eollegii Corporis Christi et ad aliud caput super regiam viam vocatam 
Highstrete versus occidentem) — in manus nostras ex eorvim assensu et 
voluntate totaliter resumere, ac fundos sive sola et tenementa ilia 
prefate precarissime consorti nostri interim dare et concedere, 

necnon eidem consorti nostre aliud et hiTJusmodi collegium in 
honore gloriose virginis sancte Margarete et sancti Bernardi prelibati 
in predicto fundo sive solo quod nuper fuit prefati Johannis Morys 



21 

de Trumpyngton armigei'i fundandi erigendi faciendi et stabiliendi, 
nostram regiam licentiam in forma subsequent! gratiose concedere 
dignaremur, 

NOS OMNIA et singula premissa intei'na meditatione merito 
contemplantes, de assensu presidentis et sociorum predictorum et 
ad prefate consortis nostre singularera contemplationem ac ipsorum 
presidentis et sociorum instantiam et supplicationem nobis in hac 
parte specialiter factas 

de gratia nostra speciali et ex certa scientia nostra dictam 
cartam nostram in forma predicta cancellandam acceptamus et 
tenore presentium cancellamiis, ac omnia et singula in eadem carta 
contenta et specificata cassamiis revocamus et adnullamus et ea 
cassari revocari et omuino adnuUari decernimus per presentes ; 

ac fundos sive sola et tenementa predicta cum suis pertinentiis 
ex causis supradictis in manus nostras resuminius et eadem fundos 
sive sola et tenementa cum suis pertinenciis predicte consorti nostre 
— ad intentioneni et effectum quod ipsa bujusmodi collegium in 
eodem fundo sive solo nuper Johannis Morys supradicti in forma 
subsequenti erigat fundet et stabiliat, — damns et concedimus per 
presentes, habenda et tenenda sibi beredibus et assignatis suis 
imperpetuum ; 

et ulterius de gratia nostra viberiori eoncessimus et licentiam 
dedimus pro nobis et beredibus ac successoribus nostris prefate 
consorti nostre, 

quod ipsa (ad laudem gloriam et honorem Dei et beate Marie 
ac dicte gloriose virginis sancte Margarete et sancti Bernardi pre- 
nominati ac ad cetera divina pietatis opera prelibata) quoddam 
collegium perpetuum juxta tenorem presentium in et de numero 
uoius presidentis et quatuor sociorum (seu plurium vel pauciorum 
prout casus eveniret secundum illius coUegii facultates et expensas 
ampliandas vel diminuendas) 

in dicta universitate nostra Cantebr. nioraturorum ad studen- 
dum et orandum — pro salubri statu nostro ac statu ejusdem con- 
sortis nostre dum vixerimus et pro animabus nostris cum ab bac 
luce migraverimus, necnon pro animabus inclitorum patrum et ma- 
trum nostrorum cunctorumque progenitorum nostrorum et omnium 
fidelium defunctorum — 

quos quidem presidentem et socios omnes et singulos successive 
suis teir.poribus ibi existentes juxta statuta et ordiuationes (inde per 
venerabilem patrem Willelmum Coventren. et Lycb. episcopum ac 



22 

predictos Johannem Somerseth Ricardum Cawedray Petrum Hirford 
Hugonem Damlet et Tliomam Boleyn ac Willelmum Millyngton 
clericos dum vixerint ipsorumve majorem partem et post decessum 
alicuius vel aliquorum eorum per eos qui supervixerint semper 
eorum sic superviventium majorem partem condenda statuenda faci- 
enda et stabilienda) eligi prefici et institui regi dirigi et gubernari 
corrigi puniri et amoveri destitui et privari volumus 

in dicto fundo sive solo quod (ut predicitur) nuper fuit predicti 
Johannis Morys fundare erigere facere et stabilire possit perpetuis 
futuris temporibus duraturum 

ac predictum magistrum Andream Doket presidentem et pro 
presidente ipsius collegii et predictos Johannem Lawe, Alexandrum 
Forkelowe, Thomas Haywode et Johannem Carewey clericos socios 
ejusdem collegii secundum ordinationes et statuta (inde per predictos 
episcopum Johannem Somerseth Ricardum Petrum Hugonem Tho- 
mam et Willelmum Millyngton ut predicitur facienda et edenda) 
regendos corrigendos privandos et amovendos preficere creare et 
ordinare valeat. 

Volumus enim et concedimus, quod postquam collegium predic- 
tum per dictam consortem nostram in forma predicta fundatum 
erectum factum et stabilitum fuerit et predicti presidens et socii 
per ipsam similiter prefecti creati et ordinati fuerint, iidem pre- 
sidens et socii et successores sui presidentes et socii ejusdem collegii 
iuxta ordinationes et statuta (ut premittitur) fienda et edenda eligere 
cougregare et admittere poterunt plures socios secundum ordinationes 
et statuta ilia regendos corrigendos privandos et amovendos — quos 
quidem socios et eoi-um successores sic electos congregatos et ad- 
missos (secundum hujusmodi statuta et ordinationes regendos cor- 
rigendos privandos et amovendos) socios esse ipsius collegii et tan- 
quam socios et membra ejusdem collegii haberi teneri et in omnibus 
reputari volumus et concedimus pro nobis heredibus et successoribus 
nostris imperpetuum per presentes. 

Volumus ulterius et concedimus quod post fundationem erec- 
tionem facturam et stabilimentum collegii predicti ac perfectionem 
creationem et ordinationem predictorum presidentis et sociorum 
in forma predicta fiendam, eodem presidente cedente vel decedente 
vel quacumque alia de causa inde amoto sive private, socii residui 
ejusdem collegii pro tempore existentes, secundum formam et 
effectum ordinationum et statutorum hujusmodi (ut predicitur) 
fiendorum, alteram ydoneum virum in presidentem electum post 



23 

electionem de se factam in presidentem et pro presidente ejiisdem 
collegii jjer cancellarium predicte uuiversitatis et successores suos 
pro teuijjore existentes et non per prefatam consortem nostram 
neque aliquam aliam regiuam Anglie sibi succedentem tenore 
presentiuni duximus admittendum et confirmandum et secundum 
ordinationes et statuta predicta regeudum corrigendum privandum 
et amovendum, 

et qtiod liujusmodi presidentibus cedentibus vel deoedentibus 
aut quoquo modo exinde privatis sire amotis infuturum, habeant 
dicti residui socii collegii antedicti et habere possint juxta ordi- 
nationes et statuta (ut premittitur) fienda liberam electionem de 
tempore in tempus novi pi'esidentis collegii supradicti, quem in 
presidentem collegii illius modo et forma prenotatis admitti et 
confirmari ac in presidentem ejusdem collegii sic admissum et con- 
firmatum et secundiim ordinationes et statuta predicta regendum cor- 
rigendum pi'ivandum et amovendum, presidentem esse perpetuum 
ejusdem collegii absque licentia de prefata consorte nostra vel aliqua 
regina Anglie sibi succedente inde petenda vel prosequenda, et 
non alium neque alio modo volumus et concedimus pro nobis 
heredibus et successoribus nostris quantum in nobis est imper- 
petuum per presentes. 

Yolumus etiam et concedimus quod post prefectionem creatio- 
nem et oi'dinationem predictorum sociorum collegii sujjradicti per 
dictam consortem nostram in forma predicta fiendam, sociis dicti 
collegii cedentibus vel decedentibus aut exinde privatis vel amotis 
aut eorum aliquo cedente vel decedente aut exinde privato seu amoto 
in futurum, liabeant dicti presidens et socii et successores sui predicti 
imperpetuum juxta hujusmodi ordinationes et statuta liberam electio- 
nem et confirmationem novorum sociorum in eorum loco ponendorum 
absque licentia inde de dicta consorte nostra vel aliqua regina 
Anglie sibi succedente petenda vel prosequenda in futurum, quos sic 
electos confirmatos et admissos et non alios socios esse collegii pre- 
dicti et tanquam socios et membra ejusdem collegii baberi teneri et 
reputari secundum ordinationes et statuta ilia regendos corrigendos 
et amovendos volumus et concedimus pro nobis heredibus et succes- 
soribus nostris imperpetuum per presentes. 

Et ulterius volumus et concedimus quod collegium predictum 
c\im sic (ut premittitur) fundatum erectum factum et stabilitum 

fuerit Reginale Collegium Sancte Margarete et Sancti Ber- 
nard! in universitate Cantebr. imperpetuum nuncupetur, et quod 



24 

presidens et socii antedicti pro tempore ibidem existentes imper- 

petuum Presidens et Socii Eeginalis Collegii Sancte Marga- 
rete et Sancti Bernardi in nniversitate Cantebr. imperpetiium 

nuncupentur : 

et quod iidem presidens et socii sint unum corpus in se in re et in 
nomine, et perpetuam liabeant successionem, et quod ipsi per nomen 
et sub nomine presidentis et sociorum collegii predicti sint persone 
habiles capaces et perpetue in lege ad impetrandum recipiendum 
et perquirendum terras tenementa redditus et servicia ac advocationes 
ecclesiarum tam de nobis heredibus et successoribus nostris quam de 
aliis personis quibuscunque, licet ea de nobis heredibus et successori- 
bus nostris immediate teneantur per servitium militare aut alio modo 
quocunque; babenda et tenenda eisdem presidenti et sociis et succes- 
soribus suis imperpetuum, statuto de terris et tenementis ad manum 
mortuam non ponendis edicto non obstante: 

ac similiter quod ipsi per nomen predictum placitare possint 
et implacitari prosequi et defendere omnimodas actiones reales per- 
sonales et mixtas cujuscunque generis fuerint vel nature ac sectas 
causas et querelas quascumque, ac eis respondere et in eis responderi 
valeant sub nomine predict© coram nobis et heredibus nostris ac 
etiam coram justiciariis et judicibus secularibxis et ecclesiasticis 
quibuscumque ; 

et quod iidem presidens et socii et eorum successores imper- 
petuum habeant unum sigillum commune pro negociis et factis suis 
agendis et causis^suis serviturtim. 

Preterea concessimus et licentiam dedimus pro nobis et successori- 
Inis nostris quantum in nobis est per presentes prefate consorti 
nostre quod ipsa (immediate post fundationem erectionem facturam 
et stabilimentum collegii predicti ac post prefectionem et ordina- 
tionem predictorum presidentis et sociorum ejusdem collegii per 
eandem consortem nostram in forma predicta fiendam) predicta 
fundos sive sola et tenementa cum pertinentiis prefatis presidenti 
et sociis et successoribus suis, tam pro domibus et edificiis eorumque 
mansionibus et aliis neeessariis suis in et super eadem fundos sive 
sola et tenementa construendis et faciendis, quam in perpetuam 
augmentationem sustentationis eorundem presidentis et sociorum 
et successorum suorum, dare possit et concedere, necnon eisdem 
presidenti et sociis quod ipsi fundos sive sola et tenementa predicta 
cum suis pertinentiis a prefata consorte nostra in forma predicta 
recipere et tenere possint sibi et successoribus suis imperpetuum 



25 

similiter tenore presentium licentiam dedimus specialem, dicto statute 
de terris et tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non 
obstante. 

Et insuper volumiis concedimus et licentiam damns pro nobis 
lieredibus et snccessoribus nostris quantum in nobis est per presentes, 
prefatis episcoj)o, Johanni Somersetb, Ricardo Cawedray, Petro, 
Hugoni, Thome Boleyn et "Willelmo Millyngton quod ijisi septem 
dum vixerint sen eorum major pars, et post decessum alicuius vel 
aliquorum eorum sic superviventium major pars ordinationes et 
statuta predicta con-igere emendare reformare seu totaliter mutare 
et cum eis dispensare ac nova ordinationes et statuta pro bona et 
sana gubernatione collegii prenotati facere poterunt vel poterit, juxta 
que presidentes et socii collegii prelibati ex tunc in eodem collegio 
futuri et existentes regi et gubernari debeant, ac modo et forma 
prenotatis amovendi et privandi existant. 

Ulterius concessimus et licentiam dedimus pro nobis heredibus 
et snccessoribus nostris qixantum in nobis est per presentes prefatis 
presidenti et sociis, quod postquam iidem presidens et socii in forma 
predicta prefect! creati et ordinati existant, ipsi et eorum successores 
presidens et socii collegii predicti perquirere possint terras tenementa 
et redditus nee non advocationes ecclesiarum et aliorum beneficiorum 
ecclesiasticorum quorumcumque tam de terris et tenementis que 
de nobis in capite per servicium militare aut jDcr aliquod aliud 
servicium seu de aliis quam de nobis per quodcumque servicium 
teneantur, que quidem terre tenementa redditus et ecclesia et alia 
beneficia ecclesiastica quecunque ad ducentas libras per annum se 
attingunt, liabenda et tenenda terras tenementa redditus et advoca- 
tiones ilia eisdem presidenti et sociis et snccessoribus suis in liberam 
j^uram et perpetuam elemosinam imperpetuum, 

et eadem ecclesias et beneficia quecumque appropriare et ea 
sic appropriata in propi'ios usus suos tenere sibi et successoribus suis 
pro eorum sustentatione in victii vestitu aliisque necessariis eorum 
agenda imperpetuum absque molestatione vel impetitione nostri 
lieredvim seu successorum nostrorum aut aliorum quoi-umcumque, 
statute predicto seu aliquo alio statute sive ordinatione in contrarium 
edito facto seu ordinato non obstante : 

et bee absque aliquo feedo magne vel parvo aut fine quecumque 
nobis heredibus seu snccessoribus nostris reddendo solvendo vel 
faciendo pro premissis vel aliquo premissorum, quod expressa mentio 
de aliis denis et concessionibus per nos prefate consorti nostra ante 



26 

hec tempora factis in presentibus facta non existit juxta formam 
Sitatutorum inde editorum non obstante. 

In cuius rei testimonium has literas nostras fieri fecimus paten- 
tes. Teste me ipso apud Westmonasterium tricesimo die Martii 
anno regni nostri vicesimo sexto. Kirkeham. 

Per ipsum regem et de data predicta auctoritate parliamenti. 

This deed measures 26 inches hy 17^ inches, and has ap- 
pended to it the great seal of England. 

In the letters patent, which in pursuance of this permission 
the queen issued on 15 April 26 Hen. VI. 1448, she first 
recites the King's charter of 30 March, and then, repeating the 
provisions of it in her own name with little or no variation, 
proceeds ' in the name of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, the 
Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, and of the glorious 
virgin Mary, and of St Margaret and of St Bernard, by virtue 
and authority of the King's licence,' to found a college for one 
president and four fellows, by the name of the Queen's College 
of St Margaret and St Bernard; or, in Latin, Collegium Regi- 
nale Sancte Margarete et Sancti Bernardi. 

As this charter contains no new points, the queen's own 
words only are transcribed from the original in the college 
treasury; indeed, this charter is quite ignored in the confirma- 
tion charters of 2 Hen. VIII. and 3 Edw. VI., where the King's 
charter alone is recited. 

MARGARETA DEI GRATIA Regina Anglie et Francie et 
Domina Hibernie, Filia Regis Sicilie et Jerusalem, Universis et sin- 
gulis sancte matris ecclesie filiis, ad quorum notitiam presentes litere 
et contenta in eisdem pervenerint, Salutem in omnium Salvatore. 

Cum illustrissimus et metuendissimus Princeps et Dominus meus, 
Dominus Henricus nunc rex Anglie et Francie et Dominus Hibernie 
sextus post conquestam vicesimo primo die Augusti anno regni 
sui vicesimo quinto, per quandam cartam suam, ad laudem gloriam 
et honoi'em omnipotentis Dei, etc. (^nearly as in the hinges deed of 30 
March) 

NOS VERO premissa interna meditatione fore pia et meritoria 
intime considerantes eaque perficere ac perimplere cupientes et ad 



27 

hujusmodi collegii erection em fundationem et stabilimenttim, in 
nomine Sancte et Individue Trinitatis, Patris Filii et Spiritus Sancti, 
et gloriose virginis Marie sancteque Margarete et sancti Bernardi 
prelibatorum, vigore et auctoritate licentie regie nobis (nt prefertur) 
in liac parte per litteras superiiis specificatas date et concesse, pro- 
cedimus ad laiidem gloriam et bonorem omnipotentis Dei, etc. {yearly 
as before). 

In quorum omnium et singulorum premissoram testimonium 
has literas nostras fieii fecimus patentes. 

Datum quinto decimo die Aprilis anno regni predicti domini 
mei regis Henrici sexti post conquestum vicesimo sexto supra- 
dicto. 

This deed, measuring 37 inches by 23 inches, bears appended 
the seal of the queen which is circular, 3|^ inches in diameter, 
and shews the queen's arms crowned and supported by a griffin 
and an eagle, surrounded by the inscription 

^igillum i$targar£t£ M gratia regme anglij ti francic tx 
lJomin£ j^ibtrnic filk ugis stcili^ t\ m\m. 

From the words ' auctoritate apostolica et regia,' used in 
a document transcribed p. 46, it would seem, that besides the 
royal charter a papal bull was procured for the foundation of 
Queens' college, as was the case with most colleges and univer- 
sities in those days. If this were the case, the bull was sent to 
London in 1535 together with all charters, statutes, etc. of the uni- 
versity and the colleges, and possibly destroyed, as Mr W.Nelson, 
of the Public Record office, was not able, after diligent enquiry, 
to discover it there; nor is there any transcript of it among the 
' Vatican papers ' in the British Museum (Addit. MSS. 15351 
— 15400). However, archbishop Parker in the account of the 
colleges appended to his work, De antiquitate Britannicfe 
ecclesias, and written about 1571, has in his notice of Queens' 
college placed the words 'ex diplomate pontificio' opposite the 
statement, that Andrew Doket was the founder of the college: 
may we conjecture from this, that he saw the papal bull for the 
foundation after the reformation, and that therefore it may yet 
be in existence? 



28 

In these two charters of Henry and Margaret, the same 
society was constituted as in the earlier ones of St Bernard's 
college, viz. 

Andrew Doket, president, and 

John La we, 

Alexander Forkelowe, 

Thomas Heywode, and 

John Carewey, clerks, the four fellows. 

They were to form a corporation aMe to sue and to be sued, 
with a common seal, and having licence to hold property in 
mortmain to the amount of £200 per annum. 

The statutes were to be framed by 

William Booth, bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, 

John Somerseth, 

Richard Cawedray, 

Peter Hirfordy 

Hugh Damlet, 

Thomas Boleyn, and 

William Millington, clerks. 

* 

We will now glance at the history of those persons who 
were concerned in the foundation of the two colleges. 

Of the royal patroness, Margaret of Anjou, it is not neces- 
sary to say much. She was daughter of Ren^, count of Anjou 
and of Provence, duke of Bar and Lorraine, and titular king of 
Sicily and Jerusalem, and was born 23 March 1428-9; she was 
espoused to Henry VI. in I^ov. 1444, married to him at South- 
wick Hampshire, 22 April, and crowned at Westminster, 30 
May, 1445. She was then, at the time when she accepted or 
assumed the patronage of the college, only in her nineteenth 
year, but in spite of her youth was becoming rapidly the most 
important personage in the realm. 

Of Andrew Doket, the first president of the college, it 
will be more convenient to put together all that is known 



29 

in his place in the series of the presidents of the later foun- 
dation. 

Concerning the four fellows appointed by the charters of 
1446, 1447 and 1448, not much has been found. 

In the, list of witnesses to the deed of surrender of St Ber- 
nard's college, the name of John Lawe, bailiff of Cambridge 
occurs ; he may have been a relation of John Lawe, clerk, fellow 
of the college. The name of this latter occurs in a list of bene- 
factors of about the year 1480. 

Alexander Forkelowe, clerk, was the second on the list of 
the tirst fellows. He was living in 1472, as he is mentioned 
in the 'Vellum Inventory' of that date as having in his pos- 
session a chalice belonging to the chapel. Mr Thomas Fair- 
cloughe, probably a relative of the fellow, occurs in the list of 
benefactors above mentioned. He was vicar of Rickling, Essex, 
being instituted 13 April, 1444 ; he resigned before 1 Oct. of 
the same year (Newcourt, Rep. ii. 493). In MS. Baker xxx. 
200, we find, ' Anno 1444 Jul. 27, admissus fuit Th. Fairclogh 
ad ecclesiam parochialem de Lol worth,' and in the register of 
bishop Bourchier (MS. Addit. [Cole] 5826, fo. 15[16]), ' 13 Nov. 
1448 Holbourne, the bishop adm. and inst. Sir Wm. Marle- 
burgh, chaplain, to the B. of Lolleworth on the Resig. of M. 
Tho. Fairclogh by his proxy M. Alexander Fairclogh at the 
present, of Hen. Langley esq., reserving to Mr Tho. Fairclogh 
an annual pension till he should be provided with another 
benefice, fo. 19 b.' Another of the same name, Geoffry Ferk- 
low or Faireclogh, was fellow of Pembroke hall in 1444 (Hawes 
and Loder's Framlingham, 215). 

The surnames of these two fellows occur in the deeds of 
the first site of St Bernard's college. On 20 Aug. 1446, John 
Lawe and Thomas Forkelawe, clerks, and John Aldreth, citizen, 
bought two separate tenements in St Botolph's parish, the one 
of Henry Symmesson and Agnes his wife, the other of Henry 
Symmeson and Thomas Good, citizens of Cambridge. These 
two they made over to Bichard Andrewe on 6 Sept. On 20 
Oct. a tenement adjoining to it and touching it on the east side 
was made over to Bichard Andrewe by Agnes, widow of Tho- 



30 

mas Jacob, and John More, clerk, and Richard Sextein, execu- 
tors of the deceased. These three properties formed the piece of 
ground given by Richard Andrewe to the King on 8 Nov, 
for the purpose of founding a college. Joh^ Lawe was pro- 
bably the fellow, and Thomas Faircloughe or Forkelawe the 
rector of Lolworth above mentioned. 

Of Thomas Heywode nothing appears, save that he is men- 
tioned as fellow of Queens' college in a deed of 6 March 1448-9. 
He was alive in Sept. 1459. 

John Carewey was the fourth fellow. Mr John Carawey of 

Cambridge, son of and Margaret Carawey, bequeathed to 

the new college of St Bernard all the books which he had in 
gift from his uncle (patruus) Mr John Carawey, ' in perpetuam 
meraoriam pro anima ipsius et anima mea habendam inter socios 
dicti coUegii,' except a book ' cum devotionibus,' which he 
left to Andrew Doket, and a portiforium, which was to be sold, 
and its price laid out for the souls of his uncle and himself. 
He desired to be buried within the sanctuary of the church of 
St Vigor at Fulbourn, and left small bequests to that church 
and to St Botolph's in Cambridge, His executors were Andrew 
Doket, Mr Geoffry Bishop, vicar of Fulbourn All Saints 
(Blomefield, Collect. Cantab. 41), to whom he left 'unum 
carainum de ferro,' and Mr Thomas Carawey. As supervisor 
of his will he appointed William Wilflete, rector of Fulbourn 
St Vigor's, master of Clare hall, chancellor of the university 
1458, and dean of Stoke college 1454 — 70 (Masters's Hist, of 
C. C. C, App. p. 38). His will was made 26 May, and proved 
5 June 1449 before the vice-chancellor Dr Nicholas S waff ham 
in the adjoining house of the Carmelite friars. By a reference 
to the dates it will be seen, that though he mentions the new 
college of St Bernard, that college had more than a year before 
been transformed into that of St Margaret and St Bernard. He 
therefore perhaps was not the fellow. Also, since he mentions a 
rector of St Vigor's, he was not the John Carewey, rector 15 Oct. 
1442, ' who gave above 100 acres of land to that parish, and 
who was buried in that church, where his monument still ex- 
ists.' (Blomefield, Collect. Cantab. 37, Charity Reports, xxxi. 
118, Lysons' Cambr. 198). 



31 

A filth fellow appears on 6 March 1448-9, Peter Hyrforde, 
whom we have seen nominated as one of the framers of the 
statutes in all the foundation charters, and who, in a deed of 
the above-mentioned date, occurs with Thomas Heywode as 
fellow. On 22 Feb. 1412-3, Peter Hirforde, B.A., in the new 
chapel of the university before Eudo la Zouch, LL.D. the 
chancellor, and the venerable congregation of the masters, regent 
and non regent, renounced the conclusions and opinions of 
Wyclitfe, and took an oath that he would never teach, approve 
or defend those conclusions, opinions, books or treatises, but 
resist the same and all favouring them in the schools or else- 
where, to the utmost of his power. Wycliife's name is not 
mentioned in the instrument setting forth the proceedings, but 
his opinions are referred to as those which had been condemned 
by a provincial constitution made at St Paul's, London (MS. 
Hare, ii. 26, Cooper, Ann. i. 153). In Lewis' life of Reginald 
Pecock (ed. 1820, p. 142) he is mentioned with Gilbert Wor- 
thington, William Millyngton, Hugh Damlet and other doctors 
as opponents of bishop Pecock in their sermons, lectures, and 
determinations. He was confessor to John duke of Bedford, 
regent of France, and witness to his will made 10 Sept. 1435 
(Nicolas, Test. Vetusta, 243). Peter Hirford [Peter Irforth] also 
occurs as one of the arbitrators in a dispute between Pembroke 
hall and St Thomas' hostel respecting the appointment of the 
outer principal of the hostel on 16 Sept. 1446. (MS. Baker, 
XXXV. 384). He was D.D. and was a benefactor to the college. 
His exequiffi were celebrated in the college chapel, with those 
of William Alnewyk bishop of Lincoln, on 6 April. 

In a MS. in Caius college library n. 249. art. 9. p. 193, at 
the end of a history of the early times of Cambridge by John 
Herryson is a short list of members of the university, among 
whom as belonging to the author's times (1464) is mentioned 
M'' Petrus Bev^'ley alias Hertforth. 



32 

Annexed is a table of the framers of the statutes appointed 
by the several charters : 



8 Dee. 1446. 


21 Aug. 1447. 


30 March, 1448. 


— 




William Booth, bishop 

of Coventry and 

Lichfield 


John Somerseth 


John Somerseth 


John Somerseth 


John Langton 
Richard Cawedray 
Peter Hirforde 


Richard Cawedray 
Peter Hirforde 
John Sperhauk 


Richard Cawedray 
Peter Hirforde 


Gilbert Worthington 


Hugli Damlett 


Hugh Damlett 


Thomas Boleyn 


Thomas Boleyn 


Thomas Boleyn 
William Millington 



John Somerseth, chancellor of the king's exchequer, 19 — 25 
Hen. VI., was also one of the framers of the statutes of King's 
college. He was fellow of Pembroke hall (Leland, Collect, v. 403. 
Hawes and Loder's Framlingham, 212), and it was through his 
and Langton's influence with Henry VI. that the king was so 
great a benefactor to that college. Somerseth was also a bene- 
factor to other colleges, and was one of those to whom Henry VI. 
gave in trust all the possessions of the alien priories in England 
{Rot. Pat. 19 Hen. VI. [1441] p. 1, m. 30). He was physician 
to the king, 'who in 1428 granted him an annuity of £40 by 
way of reward out of the issues of the city of London during 
pleasure, also a furred robe and lining, as other royal physicians 
had been accustomed to have.' He was one of the witnesses to 
the will of Thomas duke of Exeter, 29 Dec. 1426 (Nicolas, 
Testamenta Vetusta. 210). He attested in his own hand that 
the ' Bedford Missal ' was presented by the duchess of Bedford 
to the king in 1430 (Gough, Account &c. 19). In 1443 he was 
keeper of the Exchange and King's Mint within the Tower of 
London, and of the coinage of gold and silver within the realm 
of England {Rot. Pi;p. 21 Hen. VI. Lond. and Midd.). In 1442 
Thomas de Beckington the king's secretary, and afterwards 
bishop of Bath and Wells, was sent on an embassy to the 
count of Armagnac to negociate a marriage between Henry VI. 



33 

and one of the count's daughters. On his return from France 
in 1443, the bishop stayed at the house of Mr Somerseth at 
Maidenhead or Chiswick. 

In ] 446, King Henry VL by letters patent granted to master 
John Somerseth licence to found a hospital and fraternity or 
guild, in a certain chapel likewise founded by him at Brentford- 
end in the parish of Isleworth, to be dedicated to the honour of 
the Nine Orders of Holy Angels {Rot. Pat. 25 Hen. VI. p. 1, 
m. 9). In this deed we find that among the trustees to whom 
the king grants a certain piece of land for the purpose of 
this charity are master Peter Hynford (probably Peter Hyrford 
above mentioned), master William Lychfield, rector of All- 
hallows the great, London, who died 1447 (Newcourt, i, 248. 
Stow, Survey), and John Coloppe, who are all mentioned 
as benefactors to Queens' college in the list in Misc. A. (see 
p. 45). 

In his old age he seems to have met at Cambridge with 
some ungrateful return for all his labours, and on this subject 
wrote some satirical verses. (Fuller, Camhr. a. 1443. Hearne, 
Tho. de Elmham, 347 [Querimonia Jok Somerseth]. 351 [Ob- 
serv. of Mr Baker.]) 

John Somerseth died in 1464 (Esc. 4 Edw. IV. n. 20). His 
exequisB were celebrated at Queens' on 18 April. He gave or 
bequeathed a splendid piece of plate to the college, weighing 
84 oz. : it was a covered cup in the shape of a tower, and bore 
the inscription ' Memoriale modicum Johannis Soraersete etc. 
(Inventory of 1472 [see p. 77]). 

He was a married man, and his wife Agnes occurs among 
the benefactors of the college: she is mentioned in Beckington's 
Journal. 

A Master John Somerset was ex<:epted from the effects of 
the act of resumption 28 Hen. VI.: in the following year the 
commons prayed that he, with others, might be banished for 
ever from the king's presence, and he is spoken of as ' late dis- 
cesid' in 33 Hen. VI. [Eot. Pari v. pp. 72, 198 b, 216 b, 339). 
(Nicholas, Journal of Thomas Beckington, 8vo. Lond. 1828, p. 95 
and index. Aungier, Hist, of Syon Mon. 215, 220, 460, 544. 
Tanner, Bihl Brit. 682. Not. Mon. 324. Nicolas, Proceedings of 

8 



84 

the Privy Council. Monro, Letters of Qu. Margaret of Anjou, 
publ. by the Camden Society 1863, p. 76*^). 

John Langton was elected fellow of Pembroke hall 1412, 
and master of that college in 1428. He was prebendary of 
Lichfield 1421 to Jan. 1427-8, prebendary of Hereford 1437 to 
1441. In 1442 he was chancellor of the university, in 1446 
vicar of Waresley, Huntingdonshire (Hawes and Loder's Fram- 
lingham, 212 — 214), and made bishop of St David's 1447, being 
consecrated 7 May. On his death, 20 May of the same year, he 
was succeeded in the mastership of Pembroke hall by Hugh 
Damlett. His arms, as given in Blomefield, Collect. Cantab, p. 
166, were : Quarterly Or and Sa. over all a bend of the second. 

Richard Cawedray was rector of St Vedast, Forster Lane 
May 1421 to March 1421-2, rector of St Dunstan in the East 
1422 to 1435, archdeacon of Bedford 1423 to 1431, prebendary 
of Holywell in the cathedral of St Paul, Jan. 1424-5, prebend- 
ary of Southwell 25 July, 1425 to 22 Oct. 1431, prebendary of 
Bedford minor in Lincoln cathedral 1427, prebendary of Ayles- 
bury 1431, archdeacon of Lincoln Oct. 1431, and prebendary 
of Corringham 1435, master or warden of King's hall 1431 
to 1439, chancellor of the university 1433 to 1435 ; he was 
dean of the collegiate church of St Martin-le-grand 1434, and 
in Kempe's Historical Notices of the church of St Martin-le- 
grand, 8vo. London, 1825, pp. 114 — 151, we find an account 
of the efforts made by Dean Cawdray to defend the privileges 
of his church, particularly its right of sanctuary; he was also 
rector scholarium regis apud Cantebrigiam 20 to 22 H. VL, about 
1441-43 (Doc. relating to the Univ. and Coll, of Cambridge, i. 65). 
Besides holding these different pieces of ecclesiastical prefer- 
ment he was much employed in state affairs; in 1418 to 1420 he 
is mentioned as being much engaged in the negotiations with 
France, in the earlier instruments he is called clerk of the coun- 
cil, in the later the king's secretary (Rymer, ix. 682, etc.) : in 
1429 and 1433 also he is mentioned as clerk of the council 
{Rot. Pari. iv. 861, 487) : in the latter year with the annual fee 
of 40 marks. He died before 26 Aug. 1458, and was commemo- 
rated among the benefactors of the college. 

There is a Richard Candry mentioned in Fox (ed. Townsend, 



35 

iii. 717 — 8) who was proctor for Henry VI. against the Pope's 
legate, probably identical with the above. 

Of Peter Hirforde, who afterwards became fellow of Queens', 
some mention has already been made. 

Gilbert Worthington, D.D. was rector of St Andrew's Hol- 
born from 14.33 till his death about Aug. 1447, ' and that he 
was a most I'amous preacher and greatly noticed for his good life 
is testified by Mr Stow in his Chronicle. He was a gentleman 
well descended, being a younger brother to Hugh Worthington 
of Worthington Hall within the parish of Standish, in Lanca- 
shire' (Newxourt, Re2}. i. 274). 

Thomas Boleyn was master of Gonville hall from 1454 to 
1472. He was besides rector of Chelsea 15 July 1442 (New- 
court), prebendary of Hereford 1441 to 1447, of St Paul's 1447 
to 1451, subdean of Wells 1450, and precentor 1451 to 1472. 
On 7 May, 1434 he had the king's letters of protection for 
half a year, being about to accompany Edmund Beaufort, earl 
of Mortaigne, to the general council at Basil (Kymer, x. 578). 

John Sperhauk was fellow of Pembroke hall, having been 
elected during the mastership of John Sudbury, 1411 to 1428. 
He probably died before 30 March 1448. He was D.D., re- 
signed the church of Abington-by-Shingay, and gave books to 
Pembroke hall (Hawes and Loder's FramlingTiam, 213). 

Hugh Damlett was fellow of Pembroke hall and B.A. in 
1426, proctor of the university in 1432, master of Pembroke 
hall 1447-50, and rector of St Peter's Cornhill from 18 Oct. 1447 
until his death, 17 May 1476 (Hist, of Pembroke hall by Bp. 
Wren in Leland, Collect, v. 382 — 412. Hawes and Loder's 
FramlingTiam). He was appointed one of the royal commis- 
sioners to report to the Pope the dangerous heresies of bishop 
Reginald Pecock. His arms (as given in Blomefield, Collect. Can- 
tabr. 166) were Sa. ten lozenges arg. two cantons ermine. By 
his will dated 16 July 1475 and proved 20 April 1476, he be- 
queathed to Queens' college a copy of Josephus, still preserved in 
the library (C. 11. 20). ' Item lego collegio domine Eegine Can- 
tebryg. Josephum in Antiquitatibus et de bello Judaico in uno 
volumine.' (MS. Baker xxvi. 358). It is a fine folio printed by 
Mentelin, 1470? (Brunet, ii. 733 b). 

3—2 



86 

William Booth was prebendary of Southwell 1416 to 1422, 
chancellor of the church of St Paul, London before 1423, pre- 
bendary of Consumpta-per-mare in the same church 1421 to 
1443, archdeacon of Middlesex 1429 to 1441, and chancellor to 
queen Margaret. By the pope's bull of provision, dated 2G Apr. 
1447, he was constituted bishop of Coventry and Lichfield; he 
was consecrated 9 July in the same year, and on 21 July 1452, 
was translated to York. In 1463 he was chancellor of the 
university. He died at Southwell in Sept. 1464, and was buried 
there. His brother, Laurence Booth, was archbishop of York, 
1472 — 1480. (FuWer, Worthies of Cheshire. LelSTeve. Newcourt.) 

William Millyngton was born at Pocklington, in Yorkshire, 
and (being D.D.) was appointed first rector of St Nicholas col- 
lege, and afterwards, in 1443, provost of the King's college of 
St Mary and St Nicliolas. He was deprived of the provostship 
in 1446. He seems afterwards to have recovered the king's favour 
and lived at Cambridge in good reputation. He is described as 
a man of great learning and a staunch opponent of bishop Pe- 
cock. He died in 1466, and was buried in St Edward's church, 
Cambridge. (See Geo. Williams, B.D. fellow of King's college, 
Notices of William Millyngton..., among the communications 
made to the Cambridge Ant. Soc. i. 287—328.) 



When the crest of the college arms was granted by Kobert 
Cooke, Clarencieux king of arms in 1575, the arms of queen 
Margaret, with a green border, were in use. In his warrant the 
queen is stated to have granted to the college ' her arms to be 
used in the said college.' Of this, however, no evidence has 
been found, though we might reasonably expect it to be true, 
as the King by letters patent assigned a coat of arms to his 
college. The first seal of Queens' college bears indeed the 
queen's arms, but these were on the second seal replaced by 
those of queen Elizabeth Wydeville and of England. A seal 
of the time of Henry YIII. has only the latter; and the present 
one, engraved 1675, none at all. 

The arms as blazoned by the herald were : ' Quarterly : the 
first quarter barry of eight argent and gules' (for Hungary) ; 'the 
second asur semy flowerdelucis gold a labell of three points argent' 



37 




(for Naples); 'the tlnrd argent a crosse batune betwen fower 
crosses golde' (for Jerusalem); ' tlie forth asur semy flowerde- 
lucis golde a border gules ' (for Anjou) ; ' the fifte asur two lucis 
indorced semy crosse crosselets golde ' (for Bar) ; ' the sixt golde 
on a bend gules thre egles displaide argent' (for Lorraine). 'AH 
the which sixe cotes are inclosed within a border vert.' 

On the first seal of the college and on that of queen Mar- 
garet the third coat is thus given ' Arg. a cross potent between 
four small crosses potent or,' but on the coins of Louis I. count 
of Provence, 1382-84, and even of king Rene we find a cross 
potent between four small crosses plain or. 



Amid all these foundations and resignations the buildings of 
the college were actively progressing for the reception of the 
society. At what precise time they were begun, no documents 
remain to shew, it must however have been after 24 July, 1447, 
when the present site was made over to the society by John 
Morys. On 14 Apr. 26 Hen. VI. 1448, the president and fellows 
made a contract with John Veyse, draper, and Thomas Sturgeon, 
carpenter, of Elesnam (Elsenham), Essex, for the wood work 
of a part of the first court, for £100. This was probably the 
time when the buildings began to rise out of the ground, as on 
the following day the first stone of the chapel was laid. The 



part of the first court, to which the document refers, consisted 
apparently of the whole of the north and east sides and the 
eastern half of the south side, comprising the library, chapel, 
and great gate, with rooms for fellows and students. 

This portion seems to have been completed within a year, 
as in 6 March, 27 Hen. VI. 1448-9, the society made another 
contract with the same tradesmen, wherein the ' syde next to 
the freres' is mentioned as being 'now ready framed.' This 
second contract was for the roof of the hall, the benches in it, 
the roofs of the buttery, pantry, and kitchen, the other wood 
work for them, and for the remainder of the south side of the 
court; it amounted to £80, and was to be done by the contractors 
' in as hasty wise as they may goodly after the walls of the 
seid houses be redy.' 

The first indenture of 14 Apr. 26 Hen. YI. 1448, is to the 
following effect: 

This indenture made the xiiij""" day of Aprile the yer of the reign 
of our sovreign lord the king Herry the sixt six and twenty betwen 
master Andrew Dokett p'^sident of the Quene college of seynt 
Margret and seynt Barnard and the felowes of y^ seid college of the 
one party, and John Yeyse of Elesnam in the shire of Essex draper 
and Thomas Sturgeon of the seides town and shire carpenter on the 
other party bereth witteness that — thogh the seides John Yeyse and 
Thomas Sturgeon be holden and strongely by their obligacion 
bownden to the forseid master Andre we Dokett in an hundred 
pound of good and lawful! money of Inglond to be paied to hym his 
heires or to his successores in the fest of the nativite of seynt 
John Baptiste next folowyng the forseid, — ^yet master Andrewe 
p'^sident and of the seid college felowes willen, and by thes p^'sentes 
indentures graunten that — yef the seides John Yeyse and Thomas 
Sturgeon or other of them or elles any other in their name make or 
do for to be made well and sufficiantely an howse w* in the seid 
college as in werk of carpentre [findjyng also all the tymber that 
shall nede to the rofe of the seid howse and also lathes and all maner 

of tymber that shall be ocupyed on the s and on the midel- 

walles and on the steires w* all the hordes the wich shall be of 
oke that to the seid flores and steires shall resonable nede of the 
propre costis and expenses of the seides John and Thomas undyr 
maner and forme as her foloweth, that is for to say : the seid house 
shall conteyne in lengthe xij^ foot of the standard, and in brede 



39 

XX foote of the standard ; and the somres of the said hows shall be 
one side xij inch squar and on y" other part xiiij inch, squar ; and all 
the gistes shall be on the one part squar vj inches and on the 
other part viij inches ; and all the hemes shall be squar on the 
one part x inches and on the other part viij inches ; and the wal- 
plates on the one part ix inch and on the other part vij inches ; 
and all the hemes that lyen by hemself shall be squar on the one 
part X inch and on the othyr xv inch ; and all the sparres shall con- 
teyne in brede at the nether and squar vij inch and at the owi-^ end 
vi inches and in thicknesse on the other part at the nether end 
vj inch and at the owr'' end v inches ; and all the southilaces and the 
asshelers shall accord in brede with the sparres and on the other 
part thes shall be iiij inches squar ; and all the wynbemes shall 
conteyne in brede squar vj inches and in the other part v inches ; 
and al the stoddes shall be in brede viij inch squar and on the other 
part V inch squar ; and the space betwen all the sparres all the 
stoddes and all the gystes shall be but x inch; 

and all these covenuntes beforrehersed be plenarly fulfilled and 
done by the seides John and Thomas or by any other for tlieym, — 
that then the forseid obligacion of an C li stand in none strenketh 
nor effect, and elles yef hit be not fulfilled that then hit stand in 
strenketh and vertu. Purveid alwey that the seides John and Tho- 
mas shall have of the forseides master Andrewe his successores and 
of his felowes of the seide college for the forseid tymber hordes lath 
and werkmanship that shall pertene to the seid hows an C li of law- 
full money of Inglond to be payed at dayes here expressed, that 
is for to say, at the fest of seynt George next after the date p'"sent 
liiij li xiijs iiijd and at the fest of the nativite of seynt John 
Baptiste XX li and at the fest of seynt Michaell the archangell then 
next folowyng xxv li vi s viij d in pleyn payment of the C li 
aforseid. 

In witness whereof bothe party es to thies presentes indentures 
have putt to her scales. This witnesseth Richard Andrewes, John 
Batisford, Benet Morys and mo othei*. Yeven at Cambrigge day and 
yer above seidys. 

The second indenture of 6 March, 27 Hen. VI. 1448-9, 
runs as follows : 

This indenture made the sixt day of March the yer of the reigne 
of our sovreign lord the kyng Herry the sixt xxvij*^^ between maister 



40 

Andrewe Dokett p''sidente of the Quenes colage of sente Margret 
and sente Barnard, of Cambrigge maistere Pers Hirford and maister 
Thomas Hey wood of the seide college felowes on the one party, .and 
John Yeyse of Elesnam in the shire of Essex draper and. Thomas 
Sturgeon of the seides tewn and shire carpenter on the other party 
bereth witteness that — though the seides John Yeyse Thomas Stur- 
geon be howlden and strangly by there obligacion bownden to the 
forseid master Andrew Dokett, mastre Pers Hirford and to maistere 
Thomas Hey wode in iiij^ li of good and lawful! money of Inglond 
to be payed, to the seydes master Andrew, master Pers, and master 
Thomas to their heires successores or to their c'^teyn attorney in the 
fest of the nativite of our Lord next folio wyng after y^ dat p''sent the 
for reherseid, — yet master Andrew master Pers master Thomas 
wollen and by thies present indentures granten that — yef the seid 
John Veyse and Thomas Sturgeon or otheir of them or elles any 
othere in their name make or do for to be made well and sufficiauntly 
the rofe of the hall w*in the seid collage being, fyndyng all tymbere 
that shall perteyn therto, 

the wich hall shall be and contayn in lenketh L fete of the stan- 
daid and in brede xxiij fete and the walplates of the seid hall shall 
be viij inches of brede and vij inches of thiknes w* jopees from bem 
to bem and v hemes and every bem shall be xv inch of brede and x 
inch thik, and every sparre shalbe in the fote viij inch of brede and 
vij inch thik and in the topp vij inch of bi-ede and v inch thik, and 
the principalis shalbe xj inch in brede and x inch thik w* a purlyn 
in the middes from one principall to a nother w* a crown tree ix 
inch of brede and viij inch thik, — and all the tymber and workman- 
shipp that shalbe nedful to y^ benches in y^' said hall, and also thei 
shall make the rofes of botry pantry and kechen w* the flores to them 
longyng w* all the raidil walles and greses to the seid houses per- 
teynyng fyndyng tymber to them nedfull, the wich howses extenden 
in lenketh from the hall into the hei way w* a return of the cham- 
bers ich of ham conteynyng in lenketh xxv foote and in brede xx ; 
and all the sowtlaces, asshalers, walplats and jopees that shall nede 
to the seides howses shall accord wyth the other syde the wich is now 
redy framed next to the freres, fyndyng all tymber and borde of oke 
to the seid flores w* all lathes tymber for gresynges and midel walles 
to the seides howses perteynyng ; and the space betwen all the 
stoddes all the sparres and all the gistes shall be but x inch, 

and all these cov^ntes beforehesed be planarly fulfilled and doon 



41 

by the seides John Veyse and Thomas Sturgeon or by any other for 
them, — that then the forseid obligacion of iiij'''' li stande in no 
strenketh nor affect, and elles yef hit be not performed that then hit 
stande in strenketh and vertu. Purveid alvey that the seides John 
and Thomas shall have of the forseides master Andrew, master Pers, 
master Thomas for the tymber bord lath and werkmanshipp that 
shall perteyn to the howses aforseid iiij'™ li of lawfuU money of 
Inglond to be payed at dales here expressed, that is to sey : at 
Estern next comyng xx li, at Estern twelmonth aff xx li, at sent 
Thomas day of Canterbury then next x li, at the exultacon of the 
Holy Cross then next x li, at the reysing of the rofes of the seid 
howses X li, and x li when thei have plenarly performed all these 
cov^'nentes beforseid ; and this to be done in as hasty wise as thei 
may goodly after the walles of the seid howses be redy. 

In wittness wherof both partyes to thies present indentures 
alt'natly have putte her seall. This wittenesseth E.y chard Andrew, 
John Batysford and moo other. Yeven at Cambrigge, day and yere 
aboven seid. 

The meaning of some of the uncommon terms of carpentry 
here used, is extracted from the Glossary of Architecture (3 Yols. 
8vo. Oxford, 1850) : 

Ashlers, ashler pieces, short upright pieces, about three feet 
high, fixed between the rafters and the floors in garrets, in 
order to make more convenient room by cutting ofi" the acute 
angles at the bottom. 

Gistes, joists, the horizontal timbers in the floor. 

Greses, gresyngs, steps or stairs. 

Jopees, studs and braces in the roof. 

Wynbeam, windbeam, a cross beam used in the principals of 
many ancient roofs, occupying the situation of the collar in 
modern king-post roofs, or, also, the ridge piece of a roof. 



In consequence of the prevalence of the plague at Cam- 
bridge in Jan. 1446-7, the parliament, which had been con- 
vened thither, was removed to Bury St Edmunds. The same 
cause prevented Henry VI. from laying the first stone of King^s 
college chapel on Michaelmas day, 1447 (Cooper, Ann. i. 198-9-) ; 



42 

and a like reason may have deterred queen Margaret from 
laying the first stone of the chapel herself, ' pro forma primi 
operis fundationis illius,' and compelled her to do it by proxy. 
Though the queen was not present, we may, from the general 
custom of that age, the fact of the college claiming her patronage, 
and the number of persons of high rank and position who are 
recorded among its benefactors, conjecture that the foundation 
stone was not laid without much pomp and state. The queen's 
commissioner was sir John Wenlock, her chamberlain, who on 
15 Apr. 1448, the very day on which her own charter of founda- 
tion was executed, laid the first stone at the south-east corner of 
the chapel. Her commission to him for this purpose, dated at 
Windsor, 8 Apr. 26 Hen. VI. 1448, is subjoined : — 

MAEGAEETA BEX GEATIA Eegina Anglie et Francie et 
Domina Hibernie, Filia Eegis Sicilie et Jerusalem omnibus ad 
quos presentes littere pervenerint Salutem. 

Sciatis quod cum metuendissimus dominus meus dominus Henricus 
nunc Eex Anglie et Erancie et dominus Hibernie sextus post con- 
questum tricesimo die Marcii ultimo preterito per litteras suas pa- 
tentes ex certa sciencia sua nobis concesserit et licenciam dederit, 

quod nos inter cetera ad laudem gloriam et honorem Dei et beate 
Marie ac gloriose virginis sancte Margarete necnon gloriosi con- 
fessoris sancti Bernard! et ad cetera divina pietatis opera quoddam 
Collegium perpetuum. juxta tenorem earundem litterarum 

in et de numero unius presidentis et quatuor sociorum seu plurium 
vel pauciorum prout casus evenerit secundum collegii illius facultates 
et expensas ampliandas vel minuendas in universitate Cantebr. mora- 
turorum in quodam fundo sive solo nuper Jobannis Morys de 
Trumpyngton situato in parochia sancti Botulpbi in Cantebrigia inter 
habitationem frati'um Carmelitarum ville Cantebrigie ex parte bo- 
riali et vicum regium vocatum Smalebrigge strete ex parte australi 
et ripam ibidem ex parte occidental! et venellam vocatam Millestrete 
ex parte oriental! 

fundare erigere facere et stabilire possimus prout in litteris 
predictis inter alia plenius continetur, 

et quia ob diversas causas iam nos valde impedientes in persona 
nostra ad dictam universitatem accedere et primariam petram ecclesie 
collegii illius pro forma primi operis fundationis illius in dicto fundo 
ponere et firmare prout pie moris est commode non valemus, 



43 

NOS de fidelitate circumspectione probitate et industria dilecti 
et fidelis nostri Johannis Wenloke militis camerarii nostri (sic) ex 
mero motu et certa sciencia nostris constituimus ordinavimus et 
assignavimiis ipsum Joliannem pro nobis ac vice et nomine nostiis 
per pi'esentes ad liuiusmodi petram in dicto fundo in forma predicta 
ponendam et firmandam, Ratum liabentes et gratum ac adeo firmiter 
habiture qn;cquid idem Johannes pi"o nobis ac vice et nomine nostris 
fecerit in premissis prout nos ea faceremus si eis personaliter inter 
esse potuissemus 

In cuius rei testimonium sigillum nostrum fecimus hiis apponi. 
Datum apud Wyndesore octavo die Aprilis anno regni metuendissimi 
domini mei regis Henrici sexti ^deesimo sexto. 

The seal is lost. 

Sir John Wenloke, Kt, who acted as the queen's commis- 
' sioner for the purpose of laying the first stone of the college 
chapel (primaria petra ecclesie collegii illius), is described as the 
queen's chamberlain. He was the son of William Wjnell alias 
I Wenloke, of Wenlock co. Salop, and was constituted eschaetor 
' for the counties of Buckingham and Bedford in 17 Hen. VI. 
In 25 Hen. YI. he was usher of the chamber to queen Margaret 
and the following year he was knighted and made constable of 
Bamburgh Castle Northumberland. In 28 Hen. VI. he became 
chamberlain to the queen; he was wounded at the battle of 
St Albans 1455 and in 36 Hen. VI. was sent to Antwerp in 
Brabant and other places within the dominions of the duke of 
Burgundy for dispatch of the most important affairs in those 
parts. Soon after which he was made knight of the order of 
the garter. In 38 Hen VI. he joined the Yorkist party, and 
when Edward IV. had obtained possession of the throne, he 
was created a baron and made one of the privy council. King 
Edward employed him mucli in embassies to the courts of 
France, Burgundy and Britany, but when the earl of Warwick 
restored Henry VI. in 1470, lord Wenlock took part with him, 
and was killed in the battle of Tewkesbury 4 May, 1471. He 
married twice, first Elizabeth daughter of sir John Drayton, wha 
was buried in Luton church Bedfordshire, where he had built 
a handsome chantry, and secondly, in 1468, Ann daughter of 



44 



I 



— Danverse whose brother William is recorded as a benefactor 
in the list in Misc. A., and widow of sir John Fray ; she mar- 
ried thirdly sir John Say, and died June 1478. (Information 
from G. E. Corner, esq., Dugdale, Bar. ii. 264. Nicolas, Test. 
Vet. 297', 347. Lysons' Bedf. 111. Fuller, Worthies of Bedf. 
Betham, Bar. of Engl. i. 450. Banks, Ext. Bar. of Engl. iii. 738. 
J. Herryson, Ahlreviata Chronaca, published by the Camb. Ant. 
Soc. 4«. p. 13.) J 

In a brief account of the foundation of the college, which was 
written about the year 1470, we find some lines composed on the 
occasion of laying the foundation stone : according to the same 
authority this stone bore the inscription, 

' Erit domine nostre Eegine Margarete dominium in refugium 
et lapis iste in signum.' 

In all accounts of the college, from Dr Caius (1574) down- 
wards, this inscription has been printed : 

' Erit dominse nostrse Reginse Margaretse Dominus in refugium 
et iste lapis in signum,' 

and Fuller translates it thus : ' The Lord shall be a refuge to 
the Lady Margaret and this stone for a sign,' and adds the fol- 
lowing reflections on it : ' Indeed, poor queen, soon after she 
needed a sanctuary to shelter herself when beaten in battle, 
and the aforesaid (since Lord) Wenlock slain at Tewksbury : 
when no doubt her soul retreated to divine protection, the only 
succour left unto her.' The earliest record of the inscription 
that has been traced is contained in the MS. already quoted, 
and the meaning is more probably : ' The power of our Lady 
queen Margaret shall be our refuge and this stone (laid in her 
name) the sign of her protection," 



The chapel was licensed for divine worship by William Gray, 
bishop of Ely (1454 — 1478), on 12 Dec. 1454. His license is as 
follows : 

Willelmus permissione divina Eliensis episcopus, dilectis nobis 
in Cliristo universis et singulis presbyteris studentibus in collegio 
Eegine in honore sanctorum Margarete et Bernard! in universi- 



45 

tate Cantebrjgie noviter fundato nee non in hospitio sancti Bernard! 
ibidem, dicto collegio pertinenti, salutem gratiam et benedictionem. 

Vestri pro parte precibiis nobis humiliter oblatis necnon con- 
templationi serenissime principisse Margarete domine nosti-e regine 
illustris, dicti coHegii devote fundatricis, favorabiliter inclinati, nt 
in capellis et oratoriis congruis et bonestis, divine cultui dispositis 
infra prefata collegium et hospitium situatis, divina officia possitis 
dicere celebrare, (proviso quod ecclesiis parocbialibus capellarum et 
oratoriorum bujusmodi nullum exinde prejudiciumgenerecur aliud- 
que canonicum non obsistat in bac parte), vobis et cuilibet vestrum 
liberam tenore presentium concedimus facultatem et licentiam im- 
pertimur specialem, ad nostrum beneplacitum tantummodo dura- 
turam. Datum in bospitali sancti Jacobi prope "Westmonasterium 
12 Dec. 1454 et consecrationis nostre primo. 

(Bp Gray's Register, fo. 3 b ; also MS. Baker xxx. 25, and 
MS. Addit. [Cole], 5826, p. 46. The original deed is not in 
the college treasury.) 

Similar licences of the 14th century are mentioned in Cooper's 
Annals, i. 136 note '", from Baker's MSS., for Trinity hall, 
Clare hall, Peterhouse, Gonville hall and Michaelhouse. 



An old account of the foundation of the college has been 
quoted, p. 44. It occurs in a paper volume in folio of very 
miscellaneous contents (referred to as Misc. A) among the 
college muniments ; it is the first article in tlie book, and is 
followed by a second account very similar to. the former. The 
first (a) would seem to belong to the days of queen Elizabeth 
Wydeville from Margaret being styled ' olim regina Anglic' and 
' fundatrix nostra prima ;' the second (/3) seems to have been 
written after the death of Andrew Doket in 1484. They are 
nearly identical as far as they go together, the later document 
adding notices of queen Elizabeth Wydeville and of Andrew 
Doket's exertions in promoting the welfare of the college. The 
first is here appended with the variations of the second. In them 
we find an account of the motive that prompted queen Margaret 
to this work, viz. the decay of learning both in the university 
and among the clergy. They apparently consist of extracts from 



46 _ 

■ " 
original documents now no longer extant in the college treasury. 

The name of the queen in (a) is four times re-written on erasures ; 

these cases are marked by the name being put between inverted 

commas. 

In nomine' Individue Trinitatis Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti, 
Amen. Yergente mundo in senium, virtutes suarum incolarum 
marcescunt, tepescit ad Deum solita populi devotio, et divini cultus 
suavitas dilabitur retroacta; vilescit immaculatissime almeque matris 
nostre Cantabrigie sacratissima doctrina, qua dudum universalis 
ecclesia floruit Anglicana, fidesque^ Salvatoris nostri Jesu Christi 
toto orbe mirabiliter crevit. Suppremi siquidem numinis tabernacula 
vernantibus dudum fecundata ministris, succedenti brevi temporis 
curriculo famulatu pristino pariter et reverentia vacuantur. Has et 
alias miserias modernis^ temporibus plus solito invalescentes et pre 
oculis* mentis deducentes^, Nos" Margareta olim' Anglie regina 
consorsque cbristianissimi Regis Henrici sexti studiose consider- 
antes'' quod nudi egressi sumus de utero matris et quod nudi in 
pulverem terre redigemur nihil messuri premii, nisi quod in hac 
vita miserabili seminaverimus, cultum divinum sacratissimeque 
pagine doctrinam in universitate Caatebrigie, ceterisque^ Anglie 
proviuciis divina favente nobis gratia duplici medio duximus pro 
facultatum nostrarum modulo ampKandum, jl 

Ad honorem igitur omnipotentis Dei et gloriose Yirginis Marie 
nee non beate Margarete et beati Bernardi, disposuimus'", ordina- 
mus, et auctoritate apostolica et regia fundamus'^ collegium in 
villa Cantebrigie '^, ad usum et inhabitationem scolarium in sacra 
pagina studentium, ob virtutum incrementum ad laudem Dei ast 
ecclesie universalis stabilimentum. 

Hujus vero prima lapidis positio incepta est quinto decimo die 
mensis Aprilis per venerabilem virum dominum Johannem Wennloke, 
militem regine Margarete gratiose fundatricis nostre, anno regni 
regis Henrici sexti xxvj*°, Domini vei'o m'. cccc'"°xl""° viij™, cujus 

^ +sancteet /3. ^ -fidesque... vacuantur j3. 

^ -modernis... invalescentes et /3. ^ ante oculos j8. 

5 deducens j3. "^ - Nos ^. 

'' -olim /3. s _ considerantes... seminaverimus, +curavit/3, 

3 -ceterisque...ampliandum, + ampliavit /3. 

1" disposuit, ordinavit /3. ii fundavit /3. 

12 + quod reginale collegium vocari voluit j3. 



47 

superscriptio liec est: 'Erit Domine nostre regine "Margarete" 
Dominium^ in refugium et lajois ifate in signuni.' Die et anno quibus 
supra. 

The first account (a) then continues, 
Patent et predicta liquidius per hos versus: 

Then follow the verses mentioned above with this title in 
the margin ' Versus prime fundationis.' They are here arranged 
as verse, though in the MS. they are written as prose. 

C. quater qnadraginta legens octo numerando 

Ex annis Domini, lector, memor esto notando. 

Ap""'. deno quino fiiit hie lapis iste locatus 

Ad fructum fidei clerique Dei fabricatus. 

Margareta, Dei martyr, virgo pia, gaude; 

Chi'isti confessor, Barnarde, polo pio plaude; 

Nam "Margareta" regina, favens ad honores 

Vestros, hunc lapidem fixit, recolens seniores. 

Penbrochie [et] Clare fecere due comitisse 

In Cantebrigia collegas. Hec meminisse 

Non pigeatj jamqvie regina duas speculando 

Ipsas prefatas, fundando sed et fabricando 

Accelerat terna. Sint tres ille benedicte. 

Per quas non ficte discede, Diabole victe; 

Et clerus crescat, theologica fama virescat, 

Biblia lucescat, sententia sacra patescat; 

Ecce precor proceres has cernatis mulieres : 

Die vir ubi quereres ubi tales tres mulieres: 

Hinc " Margareta" regina sit usquequo leta 

In superando freta : sit carminis^ alma braveta^ .•.Amen.*. 

The two accounts then proceed : 

Jamque^ redeamus unde digress! sumus, dicamusque primum 
lapidem positum fore in fine oriental! capelle versus atistrum, et^ 
huic oper! porrecte erant manus adjutrices devotissim! domin! 
Marmaduc! Lumley Lincoln, episcopi ad summam ducentarum 

1 Dominiu a. domi™. /3. ^ ciminis. 

^ brabeuta (v. Ducange). 

* - Iamque...fore. + Positus est igitur primus lapis ut supra jam diximus /3. 

■' CUl p. 



48 



I 



et viginti librarum cum pulclierrima Biblia in tribus voluminibus, 
ceterorumque ' quam plurimorum (sc, benefactornm), quorum nomina 
patebunt alibi locis suis. ma 

Hujus vero collegii situs est inter viam regiam vocatam le 
smalbrygestrete ex parte australi et do mum prioris et conventus 
fratrum Carmelitarum^ ex parte boriali, cuius caput orientale abut- 
tat super communem viam vocatam^ le Mylnstrete et caput oc- 
cidentale super communem sueram ville Cantebrigie. Habendum 
et tenendum predictum collegium cum omnibus^ suis pertinenciis* 
libere quiete et pacifice de nobis® "Margareta" regina Anglie tan- 
quam vera et gratiosissima® fundatrice vestra' sine aliquo redditu 
servicio aut feodo® nobis aut successoribus nostris specialiter faciendo 
imperpetuum. SimuP cum licentia cbristianissimi regis Henrici 
sexti ad perquirendum, mortificandum et incorporandum sine fine 
et feodo omnimodo terras et tenementa, redditus et servicia, wardas'", 
relevias et escaetas non tenta de domino rege immediate per ser- 
vicium le graunt sergeaunt, sed tantum per servicium le pette 
sergeaunt usque ad valorem ducentarum librarum annualis" redditus. 



Having now given an account of the origin and progress of 
the college up to its settlement as a corporate body under its 
present title, the further events in its history will be con- 
veniently distributed under the several masterships, in which they 
happened. Accordingly we will now proceed with the notices 
of the different presidents, who during the last four centuries 
have borne rule over the Queens' college of St Margaret and 
St Bernard. 



^ For ceterorum... locis suis, |3 reads ceterisque libris quam plurimis, etc. 
2 -vocatam /3. 
^ — omnibus /3. 

■* presidenti et sociis ejusdem et eorum -successoribus. 
^ - nobis. + predicta j3. ® - et gratiosissima /3. 

'' - vestra j3. ^ + inde j3. 

8 +etiam;S. i" -wardas... usque. + etc. j3. 

^1 - annualis valoris. + per annum, ut pleniua apparet in magna carta ejusdem 
Margarete fimdatricis nostre prime, etc. j8. 



1 



THE PRESIDENTS OF QUEENS' COLLEGE. 



h 9[ulrith) Bofeft, 



1448—1484. 



26 Hen. VI.— 2 Ric. III. 

N the foundation charters the pre- 
sident is simply tenned magister 
Andreas Doket. Of his earlier 
history we know very little. 

He was principal of St Ber- 
nard's hostel, one of the many 
non-collegiate lodgings for stu- 
dents in Cambridge. It stood 
in Trumpington Street, on the 
north side of the churchyard of 
St Botolph's church, adjoining to 
the back court of the old Benet 
Mr Doket was also incumbent of that chuich. In 

he was presented to the vicarage of St Botolph'p, by the 

society of Corpus Christi college, and became rector 21 Oct. 

.1444, when the great tithes were restored to it by that college, 

in whom the patronage of the living was then vested. {Hist. 

and Ant. of Barnwell Ahhey, 65. Lamb, Hist: of C. C. 0. 305.) 

I , In 1432 Geoffrey Couper occurs as vicar of St Botolph's, 

I and in a deed of 1439 Andrew Doket. The date when the 

* vicarage of St Botolph's was made again a rectory is taken as 

above from Dr Lamb, but among the deeds of St Botolph's is one 

4 




college. 



50 Jl 

referring to tlie sale of some land to Andrew Doket, rector, 
dated 28 March, 22 Hen. VI., i.e. 1444, six months previous. 

In the year he was made one of the prebendaries 

of the free chapel of St Stephen within the palace of West- 
minster. This preferment he exchanged in 1479 with Dr 
Walter Oudeby, provost of the college of Cotherstoke or 
Cotterstock in the county of Northampton near Oundle 
(MS. Harl. 6963. p. 175). The exchange is thus enrolled in 
the Patent Eolls of Edward IV. (pat. 19 Edw. IV. m. 19) in 
the Public Eecord office. 

De prebenda data Oudeby 

R. omnibus ad quos etc salutem. Sciatis quod cum magister 
Andreas Dokket prebendarius in libera capella nostra sancti Stephani 
infra palatium nostrum Westmonast. et Magister Walterus Oudeby 
decretorum doctor prepositus de Cotherstoke prebendam et prepo- 
situram illas intendant (ut asserunt) ad invicem canonice permutare, 
Nos te gratia nostra speciali ac pro eo quod predictus Andreas 
litteras nostras patentes sibi de prebenda predicta factas nobis in 
cancellariam nostram ex causa permutationis huiusmodi faciende resti- 
tuit cancellandas, dedimus et concessimus prefato Waltero dictam 
prebendam quam predictus Andreas habuit et obtinuit in capella 
nostra predicta, habendam et tenendam cum suis juribus et perti- 
nentiis quibuscunque. In cuius etc. T. E, Apud Obourn. (Woburn) 
XXX die Septembr. 

Per ipsum et de data etc. 

About the year 1336 John Giffoid;, clerk^, em&ik of Yodj, 
began a college or very large chantry, consisting of a provost, 
twelve chaplains and two clerks in the church of St Andrew 
Cotherstock. Walter Oudeby was made provost 28 May, 1467. 
(Reg. Jo. Chedworth, Ep. Line.) The next provost mentioned 
is John Deye, M.A. who became provost 1 Oct. 1498. (Eeg. 
W. Smith, Ep. Line.) This chantry was granted 1 Edw. VI. to 
Sir Eobert Kirkham (Dugdale, Mon. vi. 1374. Tanner, Nod 
Mon. 387. Bridges, NorthamptonsMre, [2 vols. fol. 1791] ii. 
437-41, where is an imperfect list of provosts.) 

St Stephen's chapel within the palace of Westminster was 
founded 1347 by Edward III. for a dean, twelve canons and 



51 

other officers; it was suppressed in the reign of Edward VI. 
In Newcourt, Repert. i. 745-50, is an account of it, but he only- 
gives a list of deans and canons during the reign of Edward III. 

In the college treasury is preserved the following deed, 
which connects Andrew Doket and Walter Oudeby, in reference 
to some lands at Cotterstock : — 

Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Johannes Morys senictt" de 
Cantebrigia armiger filius et hares Nicholai Morys dedi concessi et 
liac present! carta mea confirmavi Andree Dokett presidenti collegii 
sanctorum Margarete et Barnardi Cantebrigie, Radulpho Scropp 
Eadulpho Shawe Waltero Oudeby Johanni Rypplyngham Wnielmo 
Bond et Radulpho Songer clericis omnia terras tenementa prata 
pascua pastviras redditus et servicia cum omnibus et singulis suis 
pertinentiis jacentia in villis et campis de Goderstoke Assheton 
et Sothewyk in com. Northampton que nuper habui una cum 
Nicholao Morys patre meo ex dono et concessione Johannis Grym 
tilii Johannis Grym de Crowlond et Caterine uxoris sue sororis 
Andree Browne de Clapthorne prout in quadam carta inde nobis 
confecta, cuius data est penultimo die Novembris anno regni regis 
Henrici quinti quarto, Habenda et tenenda omnia predicta terras 
tenementa redditus et servicia prata pascua et pasturas cum omni- 
bus et singulis suis pertinentiis prefatis Andree Dokett Radulpho 
Scropp Radulpho Shawe V/altero Oudeby Johanni Ryplyngham 
Willelmo Bond et Radulpho Songer clericis heredibus et assignatis 
suis de capitalibus dominis feodorum illorum per servitia inde 
debita et de jure consueta imperpetuum. In cuius rei testimonium 
huic presenti carte mee sigillum meum apposui, hiis testibus Johanne 
Lyn Johanne Haryott Willelmo Haryott Willelmo Peeke Ricardo 
Peeke Thoma Machon Johanne Tawer Rogero Peeke et multis abis. 
Data vicesimo sexto die Junii anno regni regis Edwardi quarti 
decimo nono. Et insuper noveritis me prefatum Johannem 
Morys attornasse et in loco meo posuisse dilectum michi in Christo 
Nicholaum Crofte de Goderstoke et Rogerum Dethek meos veros et 
legitimos attornatos ad deliberandum pro me et nomine meo con- 
junctim et divisim plenam et pacificam seisinam de et in omnibus 
illis terris tenementis redditibus et serviciis pratis pascuis et pasturis 
cum omnibus et singulis suis pertinentiis jacentibus in villis et 
campis de Goderstoke Asshedon et Sothewyk in com. Northampton. 

4 2 



52 



i 



prefatis Andree Dokett Radulpho Scropp Radulpho Shawe Waltero 
Oudeby Johanni E-yplyngham Willelmo Bond et Radulpho Songer 
heredibus et assignatis eorum secundum vim formam et effectum 
predicte carte mee inde eisdem confecte, Ratum et gratum habentes 
(hent') et babituri (bitur') quicquid iidem Nicbolaus et Rogerus 
attornati mei fecerint seu unus eorum fecerit in premissis ac si ego 
personaliter interessem. In cuius rei testimonium presentibus 
sigillum meum apposui. Data die et anno supradictis. 

This deed bears a small seal with an indistinct device. 

Andrew Doket became prebendary of Euiton in the church 
of Lichfield, being collated to the prebend 22 July 1467. In 
1470 he exchanged this for the chancellorship of the same 
church, which office he resigned 6 July 1476. (Brown Willis, 
Lichfield, 459, 407. Hardy's Le Neve, i. 584, 622.) 

In 1470 he resigned the rectory of St Botolph's, and (as just 
mentioned) in 1476 became provost of Cotterstock. 



There are a few memorials of the private life of Andrew 
Doket still extant. 

Among the Manuscripts in the Library of Jesus College is 
a volume labelled 'Miscellanea Theologica MSS.' The in- 
scription 

lib' magri Andree Doket 

rectoris sci Botulfi Cantabr.' 

shews, that it once belonged to the first president of Queens' 
college, though it does not appear among those in the college 
library in 1472 ; indeed neither it nor any other book is men- 
tioned in his will. It bears beside the inscription 

Liber Thomse Cave. 
Qiiicquid erit, superanda omnis fortuna ferendo est. * 

(Yirg. Aen. v. 710.) 
It contains the following tracts : 

Libellus valde utiliu p'^ceptorum atq; consiliorum de libris officio- 
rum beatissimi [pape] Ambrosii Mediolanensis collectorum. ^ 

Liber S. Jeronimi presbyteri contra Jovinianum. 
Liber B. Ambrosii de iis qui misteriis initiantur. 
Sermones Ambrosii de Sacramentis. 



53 

Among the deeds in the college treasury is a document of 
some interest, as connecting Andrew Doket with a clergyman, 
whose mon amenta! brass still remains in Balsham church 
Cambridgeshire. It is an acknowledgement by his executor 
that Andrew Doket had returned certain books borrowed by him 
of the defunct. It is as follows : — 

Noverint universi me Galfridum Blodvell de Balsham in Com. 
Cantabr. gentylman executorem tesbamenti magistri Johannis 
Blodvell nuper rectoris de Balsham predicto defuncti recepisse et 
habiiisse die confectionis presencium de magistro Andrea Dokett 
de Cantabr. clerico novem libroa nuper dicti magistri Johannis 
Blodvell videlicet 

Unum libi'um vocatum Johannem in novella super decretalia in 
duobus volumiaibus cuius primi voluminis secundum folium incipit 
*.a romanis pontificibus,' secundi voluminis secundum folium .... 
'ignore' 

Item alium librum in papiro Johannis Andree super sextum 
secundo folio ' ad rationes' 

Item alium librum secundo folio * glorlose' 

Item alium librum secundo folio ' abbas qualiter' 

Item alium librum secundo folio ' qualiter per horn . . . ' 

Item alium librum secundo folio ' sanz confession' 

Item Brito secundo folio 'sicut purificasti' 

Item alium librum secundo folio ' tamen nos.' 

de quibus vero novem libris superius expressatis fateor me bene 
contentum dictumque magistrum Andream inde acquietum et quie- 
tum per pvesentes sigillo meo consignatas. Datum sexto die mensis 
Aprilis anno Domini mcccclx™" tercio et anno regni regis Edwardi 
quarti post conquestum Anglie tercio. 

The first work was the NovellcB or commentaries on the five 
books of the decretals, by John Andrese a celebrated professor 
of canon law at Bologna who died 1348. The second is his 
GlosscB Mercuriales in vi*"™ librum et in Clementinas. 

John Blodwell was born at Llan-y-blodwell near Oswestry 
in Shropshire about 1.380, and having studied the law at 
Bologna and practised at Home, became dean of St Asaph's 
in 1418, was collated to a prebend in Lichfield cathedral 25 
May 1432, to one in that of Hereford 1433, and to a canonry 



54 

in 3t Dayid's Cathedral. He was also administrator of the 
temporalities of the see of Elj for Louis of Luxemburg, arch- 
hishop of Rouen, who held it in commendam. (Newcourt, ii, 
292.) Dr Blodwell was rector of Balsham in 1439. Having 
grown blind in his old age, he resigned his preferments, having 
a pension for life reserved, and dwelt at Balsham till his death 
16 April, 1462. He is buried in the nave of the church, and on 
his tomb is a very handsome monumental brass, representing 
him standing under an arch. 

(Illustrations of monumental brasses published by the Cam- 
bridge Camden Society, 4to 1846, p, 72. Blomfield, Collect. Can- 
tab. 203-4.) 

This document is in a very bad state of preservation, and 
the writing is in part almost illegible. 

There is yet a document of still later date extant, viz. 
Andrew Doket's deed of fraternization with the Franciscans 
of Cambridge in 1479. 

In Christo Jesu s' fruituro [ac venerabili vu"o m*" Andree Doget] 
Fr. Johannes, sacre Theologie Doctor, fratrum minorum conventus 
Cantebrig. guardianus et servus, salutem in Domino sempiternam et 
per presentis vite merita regna celestia promereri, Qum sanctissimus 
in Christo pater et dominus dominus Sixtug divina. providentia papa 
quartus non solum fratribus et sororibus nostri ordinis sed et con- 
tratribus et consororibus ejusdem litteras snfFragiales habentibus de 
benignitate apostolica gratiose qoncessit, quod quilibet illorum pos- 
sit sibi eligere idoneum confessorem qui ipsos et ipsorum quemUbet 
ab omnibus et singuHs criminibus excessibua et peccatis in singu- 
lis sedi apostolica reservatis casibus seme! duutaxat li° anno a pub- 
licatione litterarum papalium computando viz. a 4° die mensis 
Aprilis, et semel in mortis articulo, ab aliis toties quoties opus 
fuerit absolvere et penitentiam salutarem injungere possit, idem 
vel alius confessor plenariam omnium peccatorum eorundem remis" 
sionem in vero mortis artieulo valeret elargiri, per litteras suas 
apostolicas benigne indulsit : idcirco vestre devotionis quam ob vestri 
reverentiam ad nostrum habetis ordinem sincerum considerans affec- 
tum et acceptans vos in confratrem ad universa et singula fratrum 
administrationis Anglicans suffragia, recipio tenors presentium in vita 
pariter et morte ut dictis apostolicis privilegiis omniumque bonorura 



I u 

spiritualium "beneficiis secundum formam et officium eorundem per- 
fruamini anime vestre ad salutem adjiciens concedimus de gratia 
special!, ufc, cum post obitum vestrum presentium facta fuerit exhi- 
bitio litterarum in nostro provinciali capitulo, eadem pro vobis fiat 
recommendatio que pro fratribus nostris defunctis ibidem commu- 

, niter fieri consuevit. Yaleto in Christo Iliesu et orate pro me. 
Dat. Cantebrigie anno Domini mo. cccc" lxx° ix° 

[Dominus Jesus Christus absolvet te, et ego auctoritate Dei et 
apostolorum Petri et Pauli qua fungor in bac parte absolvo te ab 

i omnibus peccatis criminibus et excessibus et casibus qnibuscumque 
sedi apostolice reservatis, ita quod sis absolutus ante tribunal Christi, 
habeas remissionem omnium peccatorum et vitam eternam. Amen.] 

j The words in brackets are written in a different (fainter) ink 
from the rest of the deed. The document is of parchment 
measuring IS^in. by 5 in.: it has no seal: the initial I is rough- 
ly illuminated red and green: it is very much damaged and 
rubbed. 

The house of the Franciscans, Minorites, or Grey-Friars was 
after the reformation converted into Sidney Sussex college. 
(A. Pulson, Collectanea Anglo-Minoritica, or a collection of the 
antiquities of the English Franciscans, 4to, London 1726, where 

however is no mention of Dr John the Cambridge warden). 

j 

! ' Most of Y authors, who mention him of late' (says Mr Cole) 
' suppose him to be a Minorite or Franciscan Fryar, and y* Author 
of y'' History of y" Antiquities of y^ English Franciscans, to reconcile 
his being a Secular, as being Eector of a Parish, and holding other 
Preferments, against the rules of that order, suppose bim to have 
been made a Sufiragan Bishop, p. 205, and that he held his benefices 
to maintain his Dignity. But I think it would be much more 
reasonable to suppose, that he never was of that Order, seeing we have 
no authority to support that opinion.' (MS. Cole vii. Addit. 5808.) 

Dr Caius (1574) makes no allusion to this : K. Parker (1622) 
is mentioned by Pulson as the authority for this opinion. The 
document just recited may be the cause of it. 

We find (Cooper, Ann. i. 192) that master Andrew Dokett, 
clerk, was one of those who had ceded land to the King for the 
purpose of his new college, which the king granted to the 
provost and scholars 10 Feb. 1448-9. 



56 

"A messuage situate in the late parisli of St John tlie Baptist in 

Milnestrete whicli messuage the king had by the gift and grant 

of Hugh Tapton and Andrew Dokett clerks." 

Also among the extracts from the high gable rental of the 
town of Cambridge for 1483 (Cooper, Ann. i. 228) we find in 
Mill Ward, " Master Andrew Doket for a tenement, late in the 
tenure of William Hed, tailor, 2^." 



i 



On 4 Nov. 1484 Andrew Doket departed this life, after 
having prudently and successful Ij governed his two colleges, 
St Bernard's college and Queens' college, during 38 years. 

His will, dated 2 Nov. 1484 and proved 25 April 1485, is as 
follows : — 

In Dei Nomine Amen. Secundo die mensis Novembris, anno 
Domini m\ cccc""' Ixxxiiij" Ego Andreas Doket, primus presidens 
Gollegii Reginalis Cantebrigie, compos mentis et sane memorie, 
condo testamentum meum in hunc modum. :S 

Imprimis commendo animam meam Deo omnipotenti, beate 
Marie -virgini, et omnibus Sanctis, corpusque meum sepeliendum in 
choro capelle coUegii predicte, ubi lecte sunt lectiones. 

Yolo et quantum in me est precipio omnibus sociis dicti col- 
legii, ut meum post decessum eligant in presidentem dicto collegii 
meum successoreai magistrum Thomam Wilkynson. 

Item volo annuatim et pro perpetuo de hospitio meo sancti 
Bernardi Cantebrigie quod pei-cipiantur xl solidi ad tustentationem 
panis vini cere et olei pro lampade in capella predicti collegii pro 
sociis dicti collegii ibidem celebrantibus. Insuper volo quod si xxvj^ 
et viij''. non passunt percipi annuatim de terris pasturis apud 
Stapylforde in comitatu Cantebr. predicto coUegio pertinentibus pro 
complimento voluntatis domini Willelmi Lasshby capellani emptis, 
quod tunc de dicto hospitio tantum exeat quantum ad contenta- 
tionem dicte summe sufficiat. Residuum annuatim de dicto hospitio 
proveniens volo quod remaneat executoribus meis, et quod ipsi 
dum vixerint, vel dum alter eorum vixerit, habeant sen habeat 
regimen seu discretionem dicti hospitii, et pecunias inde provenientes 
recipie;it, et post decessum executorum meorum volo pro perpetuo 



57 

quod predictum hospitium remaneat dicto collegio, sic semper et in 
omnibus observent predictam meam legationem de dicto hospitio, 
cum hoc quod et observent exequias meas in die anniversarii mei 
conjunctim cum exequiis omnium benefactorum dicti collegii in 
capella predicti collegii. Et presidens dicti collegii seu ejus vices- 
gei-ens ad predictas exequias presens habebit iij^ iiij'^, et unusquisque 
socius dicti . collegii tunc ibi presens xij** : et volo quod in dictis 
exeqiiiis disti-ibuantur inter pauperes et specialiter inter pauperes 
parochie sancti Botulpbi Cantebiigie pro anima mea et animabus 
omnium benefactorum dicti collegii usque ad summam xx^ 

Item volo de tenemento in angulo juxta ecclesiam Sancti Botul- 
phi Cantebrigie, quod vendatur secundum discretionem executorum 
meomm, si eis visum fuerit, et de pecuniis per venditionem proveni- 
entibus volo quod emantur terre pasture et tenementa, ita quod de 
pecuniis inde provenientibus volo quod sint ad discretionem execu- 
torum pro salute anime mee, Reginaldi Ely et omnium benefacto- 
rum dictorum, et quod executores mei dum vixerint vel alter eorum 
dum vixerit liabeant seu liabeat regimen dicti tenementi seu alia- 
rum terrarum per dictos executores meos emptarum, et post deces- 
sum executorum meorum volo quod predictum tenementum vel alia 
terre tenementa per eos empta remaneant vel remaneat dicto collegio, 
sic quod observent exequias pro anima mea et anima Reginaldi Ely 
et animabus omnium benefactorum dicti collegii in ecclesia sancti 
Botulplii Cantebr. in die anniversarii Reginaldi Ely. 

Item volo de tribus meis tenementis, in quibus modo habitant 
tres paupercule mulieres, sint pro perpetuo pro pauperibus ad oran- 
dum pro me et animabus omnium benefactorum dicti collegii; et 
executores mei dum vixei'int regimen habeant imponendi pauperes 
in dicta tenementa, et post decessum executorum meorum impositio 
paupei'vim in dicta tenementa presidenti et sociis dicti collegii pro 
perpetuo remaneat. 

Item volo quod omnia proficua proveniencia et debita ad festam 
sancti Micbaelis ante datam presentium omnium terrarum tene- 
mentorum pasturarum boscorum seu quovis alio modo pertinentium 
dicto collegio remaneant executoribus meis, et quod predicti execu- 
tores mei percipere possint absque interruptione cuiuscunque omnia 
predicta arreragia de annis preteritis usque ad festum sancti Micbaelis 
ante datam presentium, sic quod predicti executores mei solvant 
sociis predicti collegii pro salariis suis ad predictum festum eis 
debitum. 



58 ..i 

Item volo de gardino meo ante portas dieti coUegii juxta tene- 
raentum m". Dufiyld remaneat pro semper dicto collegio, sic quod 
nullo modo predict! presidens vel socii dicti collegii perturbant vel 
inquietant, vel aliqiiis eorum perturbaverit seu inquietaverit execu- 
tores meos meam perimplendo voluntatem. Quod si (quod absit) 
predict! socii fecerint vel aliquis eorum fecerit, tunc legatum meum 
de dicto meo gardino pro non legato habeatur, Et tunc regimen 
et dispositio predict! gardini me! remaneat discretion! executorum 
meorum prout eis melius videbitiir pro salute anime mee et omnium 
benefactorum dicti collegii. 

Residuum vero omnium bonorum meorum non legatorum do et 
lego m™ Johanni Rypplyngham et Willelmo Tliurkylle, quos ordino 
et constituo meos veros et legitimos executores, ut ips! disponant 
pro salute anime mee et omnium benefactorum dicti collegii. 

In cujus re! testimonium sigillum meum apposui, hiis testibus 
m^° Radulpho Songer, Milone Redall, Geraldo Burelle, Johanne 
Buttler et Willelmo Fitzjohn et aliis, die et anno quibus supra. 

The executors named in tlie will declined the office and the 
vice-chancellor granted letters of administration to the president 
and fellows of the college, 23 Apr. 1485. 

Thomas Tuppyn, sacre theologie professor universitatisque 
Cantabrigie vice-cancellarius dilectis nobis in Christo Thome Wil- 
kynson clerico et president! collegii Reginalis ibidem, Radulpbo 
Songer clerico, Dionysio Spycer clerico, Hugoni Trotter clerico 
omnibusque et singulis dicti collegii sociis salutem in Domino 
sempiternam. 

Quia magister Andreas Dokett primus p:yesidens dicti collegii 
Reginalis diem clausit supremum, et executores suo testamento nomi- 
nati ex certis causis eos in hac parte moventibus administrationera 
ejusdem recusarunt, cujus pretextu omnium bonorum suorum ad- 
ministratio administrationisque commissio tam de consuetudine quam 
de jure notorie ad nos dignoscitur pertinere, Nos volentes hujus 
bona in pios usus convert!, vobis de quorum fidelitate confidimus 
ad colligendum et voluntatem defunct! perimplendum committimus 
vices nostras, quos ab ulterior! compoto calculo sive ratiocinio nobis 
et officio nostro in hac parte reddendo, salvo jure cujuscunque etiam 
dimittimus et absolvimus per presentes. 

Datum Cantebrigie sub sigillo officii cancellariatus xxiij" die 
mensis Aprilis anno Domini millesimo cccc""" Ixxxv". 



Thus did Andrew Doket pass away from the scene of his 
labours. He had lived long enough to see his small beginning 
of four fellows grow into the more stately number of seventeen, 
and his college richly endowed and flourishing under the protec- 
tion of the sovereign, who had already several times shewn a 
strong predilection for it. 

In spite of the great names which figure in connexion with 
the foundation of the college, the words of Dr Caius still must be 
held true of Mr Doket : ' cujus opera in tedificando collegio et 
procuranda pecunia tanta fuit, ut sunt qui putent id collegium 
ejus solius luculentissimum opus extitisse.' {Hist. Acad. Cant. 
70.) This also was the opinion of the writer of the list of 
benefactors in Misc. A. fo. 3-7, where he is styled ' primus pre- 
sidens ac dignissimus fundator hujus collegii.^ 

What Andrew Doket's age was we can but guess. He was 
made vicar of St Botolph's about 1435, and so may have been 
74 years old in 1484. 

Of his degrees we know nothing except that he is styled 
' magister ' even to the very last, and so probably was not doctor 
in any faculty. 

As we have seen, he directed his tomb to be ' in choro dicte 
capelle ubi lecte sunt lectiones.' ' He is buried' (says Cole, 
writing about 1777) ' in the chapel of his own college under a 
gravestone of grey marble, exactly in the middle, in the ante- 
chapel under the step as you ascend into the choir. In Vol. il. 
p. 17 of these collections is an awkward sketch of it. He is in 
a Doctor's Habit, but being continually trod on twice a day, as 
People go into the chapel, it is no wonder, that the strokes are 
worn away and that it is now almost a plain smooth piece of 
brass.' (MS. [Cole, vii.] Addit. 5808, p. 124.) No such brass 
now exists in the chapel. 

Impressions of two seals of Andrew Doket are affixed to 
many deeds in the college treasury. One is in the form of a 
small rectangle with the corners cut off, about join, long 
and \ in. wide, bearing a St Catharine's wheel within which are 
the letters j[ interlaced. The other is circular, about |^in. in 
diameter, and bearing only the above letters (though larger) 
interlaced as before. 



60 

His arms as depicted on a table of the President's in the 
lodge are thus blazoned : Sa. a saltire Arg. 

A few notices of Andrew Doket remain in the Bursar's 
accounts of Queens' college. 

In the I Magnum Journale, which begins immediately after 
his death, we find at the year 1484-85 the following : — 

(fo. 16. b.) Item pro rasura m". Andree iijMiij^ 

Item pro probatione sui testamenti x\ 

(fo. 27. b.) Item in exequiis m". Andree Dokett primi presi- 
dentis ut patet per billam lij^ ob. 

and in IV M. J., under the year 1563 : — 

Item pro constituendo picturam m''° Andree Dokett in tu- 
mulo suo ij^ vj^ 

Also in the old register of the university (Grace Book A), 
imder the year 1456 we find : — - J 

Item de magistro Andrea Doget, m''" collegii Sancte Marga- 
rete pro cineribus pkimbi xvi^ viij**. 

* 




ilE now turn to the events in the history of the college 
which belong to Andrew Doket's presidentship. In 
order to render this more complete it may be useful 



before going further to arrange in order the events belonging 
to the foundation : 

3 Dec. 25 Hen. YI. 1446. First foundation of St Bernard's college. 

1 Aug 1 447. Resignation of the site, &c. into the 

King's hands. 

2 1 Aug Second foundation of St Bernard's 

college. 

Petition of Queen Margaret (undated). 

Second resignation of lands, &c. of St 

Bernard's college. 
.30 March 26 Hen. VI. 1448. The king's charter for the foundation 

of Queen's college. 



61 

.5 April Queen Margaret's commission to Sir 

John Werloke. 

14 April First contract for wood work. 

15 The laying the corner-stone of the 

chapel. 
4 March 27 Hen. VI. 1448-9. Privy seal for £200 (p. 62). 

6 ' Second contract for wood work. 

19 July 1449 Warrant for the payment of the £200. 



It is a matter of regret, that for the whole of this long period 
of nearly 40 years, from 1446 to 1484, when the growth of the 

, college was most rapid, the materials of its history are so scanty. 
It would be interesting to be able to trace the gradual progress of 

; the college both in buildings and wealth, to be able to say with 
certainty when the different benefactions were bestowed, to 
observe the increase of the society, and to shew an accurate list 
of the fellows and other prominent members of the college. This 
is impossible from the want of those account books of the 
bursars and other college books, which will be found of so 
great assistance in subsequent presidentships. For though the 
deeds of many benefactions exist, yet it will be seen that in 
some cases the college did not at once enter into possession of 
the estates, while of many smaller benefactions no trace remains. 
It is fortunate that the name of one of the most munificent 
of the benefactors of the college has been preserved, that of 
bishop Marmaduke Lumley, whose gift of £220 must have helped 
the infant society very considerably, when we find that the King 
only gave the smaller sum of £200. The date of his bene- 
faction is not recorded, but if the description ' Lincoln, epi- 
scopus ' is correct, it must have been in the year 14.50. 

He was second son of Ealph first baron Lumley, of Lumley 
castle Durham, and was master of Trinity Hall in 1429, arch- 
deacon of Northumberland till 1427, chancellor of the univer- 
sity 1427-8, bishop of Carlisle 1429—1450, whence he was 
translated to Lincoln ; here he died in the same or following 
year, (Godwin de PrasuL Carl, et Line. Le Neve. Newcourt, 
I. 739.) He was buried at the Charter House (Stow, Survey of 



62 

London). His will is not at Lambeth, nor in the Prerog. office 
(Brown Willis, Lincoln, bl). 

Besides giving to the college the weight of her name and 
patronage and procuring a charter of foundation, there seems 
no doubt that to queen Margaret the college owes indirectly- 
considerable pecuniary assistance. j| 
In MS. Baker xxv. 449, we find this document : 
Priv. Sig. 4 March 27. H. 6. [1448-9] It is shewed unto us 
by our welbeloved the President and Felowes of the College of 
saint Margarete and saint Bernard in our universite of Cambrigge 
which is of the foundation of our moost dere and best beloved wyfe 
the Quene, how that, for as much as the seid president and felowes 
have not wherwith to edifie the seid College in housing and other 
necessaries but only of almesse of Cristes devoute people therto 
putting theire hands and dedes meritorye nor that the seid edification 
is not to be perfourmed at any wise withoute that the supportation 
of our moste noble and benygne grace be shedded unto them in this 
partie-^we hav^e yeven them CC". 

And this privy seal was carried into effect, for among the 
Exchequer Issue Rolls of 144i) in the Public Record Office, we 
find 

Die Sabbati xix". die Julii presidenti et sociis coUegii sancte 
Margarete et sancti Bernard! universitatis Cantabr. ex fundatione 
Margarete regine Anglie In denariis iis liberatis per assign, isto 
die factam per manus Andree Doket in persolutionem CC' quas 
Dnus Pex eisdem presidenti et sociis suis liberare raaudavit in 
relevamen pauperfiatis presidentis et sociorum predictorum, habend. 
de dono suo per breve de privato sigillo inter mandata de hoc termino. 

(See Fr. Devon, Cal. of Exchequer Issue Bolls London 1837. 
p. 464.) 

The date of this is two days before the signing of the second 
contract for woodwork above quoted. 

Of any direct contribution by queen Margaret to the 
building fund or endowment of the college, no traces remain. 
If she did supply any thing towards the college, whose pa- 
tronage she gladly assumed, and her known liberality makes it 
difficult to believe that she did not, the record of her benefac- 
tion must have disappeared at a time when the college might be 



63 

perhaps not anxious to make much, display of the fallen queen's 
favour. We find however that some of her friends were com- 
memorated as benefactors, as Sir John Beaumont, Lord of 
Bardolf, steward of her manor. Sir John Wenloke, her chamber- 
lain, etc.; and no doubt her influence was exercised in securing 
the countenance and support of the nobilitj of her court to the 
furtherance of the new college. 

Of the progress of the structure of the college, no memorials 
occur beyond the two indentures for the woodwork of 1448 and 
1449 given above. From them however we see that the first 
court was completed before the war of the Koses broke out, while 
the greater part of the other buildings is of much later date. 
The material selected for the structure was red brick with 
stone dressings, and in consequence of the imperishable nature 
of the former, the first court of the college remains almost un- 
altered as it was in 1454. The area of the court is about 100 ft. 
by 85 ft. The entrance to this is by a massive gateway on its 
east side. The groined roof of the gateway remains in a perfect 
state of preservation, the figures of St Bernard and St Margaret 
forming the decoration of the bosses. According to a common 
arrangement of collegiate buildings, the chapel and library 
occupied the north side of the court, and the hall, butteries and 
kitchen the west ; while the south side, and the buildings towards 
the east on either side of the tower, contained chambers for the 
inmates of the college. The president's lodging was in the 
north-west angle between the hall and the library, and the 
tower itself formed the treasury, where the charters seal and 
deeds and other valuable effects of the community, plate and 
money, were kept. 

One contribution towards the building, which must belong 
to the very early times of the college, is thus recorded in a list 
of benefactors contained in Misc. A. (fo. 6). 

Thomas Parys de Boston mercator et Margeria et Margareta 
uxores ejus, qui dederunt decern libras pro factura camera supra 
librariam, ac magnam mappam cum sex manitergiis operis diaperii. 

We have already seen the bequest of books to the college by 
John Carawey in 1449, and also the license for divine service 
in the chapel by the bishop of Ely, William Gray, 12 Dec. 1454. 



64 .1 

In 1456 the society of Corpus Christi college determined to 
build a new bakehouse of the same length with the new house 
built by Andrew Doket, rector of St Botolph's, which ' had 
given some offence by dropping on their ground, and of the 
same height as St Bernard's hostel, to which, it adjoined, that 
they might not be overlooked by some new windows made in it 
(Masters, Hist, of G.G.G. 44, 45). 



Dr Plumptre in his MS. history of Queens' college states 
that besides the framers of the intended statutes appointed by 
the charters of 1446, 1447 and 1448, the following were ap- 
pointed by queen Margaret by letters patent under the king's 
seal in 1457, viz. 

William Booth, then archbishop of York, Richard Cawedraie, 
Thomas Bullein, William Millington, and Hugh Damlett. 

The foundation of the statement seems to be a notice in 
' Dr Walker's MS.' which besides the statutes contains also some 
account of the foundation, and a list of the presidents, fellows, 
bishops, and doctors, &c. of the college, drawn up in 1565-67, 
where at fo. 68 b. we read : 

' Margareta regina Anglie et Francie et domina Hybernie, filia 
regis Sicilie et lerusalem etc. 

1 Martii 1457. 
Per hoc scriptum constituuntur isti statutorum conditores 

Gulielmus Archiep. Eboracensis 1 clerici ediderunt 

Ric. Cawedraie, Thomas Bullein > statuta collegii 

Gulielmus Milington et Hugo Damlet j Reginalis.' 

The Eev. G. C. Gorham, who edited the college statutes in 
1822, has written at the top of the page : ' The statements 
respecting the statute framers are somewhat erroneous, as appears 
by the charters themselves.' He does not notice these new 
statute framers in his historical introduction to the printed 
statutes, so it may be presumed that he could find no documen- 
tary evidence of the above statement. (Cole transcribed both 



65 

T)r Plumptre's MS. and the Walker MS. ; tliey will be found in 
MSS. Addit. 5849, p. 233 fF. and 5848, p. 325 fF.) 

William Holt and Stephen Tychemerssh, the executors of 
the will of Thomas Bany, 'nostro collegio non modicum pro- 
pitii inter multiplicia sue caritatis opera edificationem collegii 
non postpoiientes,' having 'ad perquisitionem fundi dotalis ejus- 
! dem collegii,' given £100 sterling, the college in 1454 agreed to 
insert the names of Thomas Barry, William Holt and Agnes 
his wife, Stephen Tychemerssh and Agnes his wife, among the 
names of the benefactors of the college^, 'ea namque in libro 
scribi vite summis optamus viribus', and to celebrate every 
15th of May exequias mortuorum, with mass on the morrow. 

The month is not given, but as the deed is dated also 
33 Hen. VI., it must have been executed between September 
and December 1454. Of this deed only a transcript exists in a 
paper volume containing Compositions for fellowships, 'Forinseca 
Eecepta' 1529-58, &c. (referred to hereafter as Misc. B.) fo. 11. 

In the 'Form for the commemoration of benefactors' of the 
college, printed 1823, we find (p. 2) : ' 1446, Thomas Barrie 
citizen of London purchased and afterwards gave us by will the 
land on which this college was actually built,' This is repeated 
from previous commemoration services even as early as 1616 (MS. 
Baker xxxvi. 75) : but it seems to be wrong, as it was only 
in the following year that John Morys of Trumpington gave 
the land in question to the society of St Bernard's college. 
The mistake appears in part alread.y in the Walker MS. above 
mentioned. 

In 1458 Eichard Withermerch, 'gentylman,' gave to the 
college 40 marks to acquire lands and tenements of the annual 
value of 40s,, in order to procure bread, wine, and wax for 
the celebration of masses in the diapel, receiving from the 
college during his life an annual sum of 26s. Sd. out of the 
rents of St Bernard's hostel. The composition for this benefac- 
tion is dated at the monastery of St John, Colchester, on 18 Apr. 
36 Hen. VI. 1458 (Misc. B. fo. 9). 

In 1459 William Lasby, of Colchester, clerk, gave the col- 
lege a house in the parish of St Botolph Cambridge at the' 

5 



corner of Queens' Lane and Smallbridge street (now Silver 
street), to provide the stipend for a bachelor or scholar in 
divinity of the college having no other preferment, who, being 
thereto chosen bj the president and fellows of the college, 
should preach the Gospel of God ' in locis quibus magis necesse 
est in salvationem et relevamen quam plurium animarum,' for 
which he was to receive £1. 6s. 8d. per ann. If the college 
failed to elect a preacher, the chancellor of the university for 
the time being was to appoint one of the said college. The 
deed of gift is dated 24 Sept. 38 Hen. VI. 1459. 

Eichard Andrewe, alias Spycer, burgess of Cambridge, by 
his will dated 30 Aug. 1459, proved 1 July 1461, left to the 
college 80 marks in money, a tenement in the parish of St 
Botolph, another in the parish of St Peter Cambridge by the 
great bridge or 40 marks instead, a messuage in the parish of 
Haslingfield of the value of £10, and one in the parish of 
Madingley of the value of £18, for the maintenance of a Bible 
clerk, ' clericus ad legendum Bibliam ad prandium et cenam infra 
collegium,' on condition that yearly on the anniversary of his 
death, an obit should be celebrated in St Botolph's church for 
himself, his wife, his parents, friends, and benefactors. In the 
inventory of 1472, his benefactiens are described as the hostel 
of St Nicholas in St Andrew's parish, and four tenements in 
St Botolph's parish : an exchange of property may have taken 
place, as another of his bequests consisted of ' a house in St 
Andrew's parish abutting on Preacher's lane,' which sufficiently 
describes the position of St Nicholas' hostel (Cooper, Ann. i. 
210). 



The prior and convent of Barnwell had been possessed of the 
rectory of St Botolph's from the time of Eustace, bishop of Ely 
(1197), who appropriated it to the use of that convent, reserving 
only a stipend to the vicar. In 1353 they were, by licence from 
the bishop, empowered to transfer all their right therein to 
Corpus Christi college, upon condition that they paid them four 
marks annually for the same. This payment was made regu- 



67 

larly down to the time of Jolm Botwright the seventh master, 
' when upon an omission of four years a warm contest arose be- 
twixt them, which both parties at length (1446) agreed to refer 
to sir John Fray, chief baron of the exchequer (whose widow 
married John lord Wenlock), William Lichfield (see p. 83), and 
Gilbert Worthington, clerks, who, after inspecting their deeds, 
determined that the payment should still be continued, and that 
the convent should deliver up to the college all their evidences 
relating to the rectory, and assist the society as much as pos- 
sible in getting it appropriated to the college. However, in- 
stead of this, they were advised by some friends, who were 
lovers of peace, to buy off this pension, which they accordingly 
did in 1459 at the expense of 100 marks, and the following- 
year sold the advowson to Queens' college for 80 marks, re- 
serving to themselves only the liberty of making use of the 
church for praying, singing and saying mass, as often as they 
? should have occasion and as they were obliged to do by statute 
■ (Masters' Hist, of G. G. G. G. 20, 21). The deed is dated 12 Jan. 
38 Hen. VI. 1459-60, and is as follows :— 

Scianfc presentes et futuri quod nos Johannes Botright magister 
sive custos collegii Corporis Christi et beats Marie Cantebrigie ac 
scolares ejusdem collegii unanimi assensu et consensu concessimus 
Andree Doket president! collegii Reginalis in Cantebrigia fundati in 
honore sanctorum Margarete et Bernardi ac sociis ejusdem collegii 
advocationem ecclesie sancti Botulj)hi Cantebrigie cum pertiuentiis, 
(quani quidem advocationem quondam habuimus ex concessione 
RadulpM niTper prioris et couventus de Bernewell in comitatu 
Cantebrigie) habendam et tenendam predictam advocationem pre- 
fatis presidenti et sociis dicti collegii Reginalis et eorum succes- 
soribus imperpetiium. Insuper noveritis nos prefatos Johannem 
Botright magistrum sive custodem collegii Corporis Christi et beate 
Marie virginis in Cantebrigia ac scolares ejusdem collegii unanimi 
assensu et consensu dedisse concessisse et per hoc presens scriptum 
confirmasse prefatis Andree Doket presidenti predicti collegii Regi- 
nalis in Cantebrigia fundati in honore sanctorum Margarete et 
Bernardi ac sociis ejusdem collegii quandam vacuam placeam terre 
sive glebam predicte ecclesie sancti Botulphi annexam in Cantebrigia, 
(que quidem vacua placea terre sive gleba continet in longitudine a 

5-2 



68 

parte australi usque ad partem borealem versus orientera quater 
viginti et novem pedes, et in latitudine a parte orientali usque 
ad partem occideutalem juxta cimiterium dicte ecclesie sancti 
Botulphi quadraginta et septem pedes et tres pollices, et jacet inter 
gardinum et terram dicti collegii Corporis Cliristi et beate Marie 
ex partibus orientali et occidental!, et abbuttat partim super angulum 
transversum mtxri lapidei collegii Corporis Christi predicti et partim 
super cimiterium dicte ecclesie sancti Botulplii versus austrum et 
super hospitium vocatum Bernardes hostel 1 versus boriam, et continet 
in longitudine a boria versus austrum a pai'te occidentali quatervi- 
ginti et tres pedes, et in latitudine a parte orientali usque ad partem 
occidentalem versus boriam quadraginta pedes et dimidium), haben- 
dam et tenendam predictam vacuam placeam terre sive glebam dicte 
ecclesie annexam cum suis pertinentiis prefatis Andree Doket presi- 
denti collegii Reginalis Cantebrigie ac sociis ejusdem collegii et 
successoribus suis imperpetuum. 

In cujus rei testimonium liuic presenti carte nostre sigillum 
nostrum commune apposuimus liiis testibus Thoma Hayerman majore 
vill« Cantebrigie, Roberto Damay, Johanne Hesewell, Willelmo 
Garford, Willelmo Jeffreyesson ballivis ejusdem ville, et multis aliis. 

Datum apud Cantebrigiam predictam, duodecimo die mensis 
Januarii, anno regni regis Henrici sexti post conquestum Anglie 
tricesimo octavo. 

The seal of Corpus Christi college is appended. 

On the same daj, 12 Jan. 38 Hen. VI. 1459-60, Corpus 
Christi college sold to Queens' college a small vacant place 
in Smallbridges street, the original site of Andrew Doket's 
almshouses. 



* * 



E now reach the time, when the change of dynasty 
threatened ruin to a foundation almost as intimately 
connected with the deposed sovereign as King's college. 
The contest between the Lancastrian and the Yorkist parties had 
begun in 1452, and after the battle of St Albans, 23 May 1455, 
Henry VI. was by the Parliament placed under the regency of 
Richard, duke of York; but in the beginning of 1456, the King- 
recovered his uncontrolled power. Peace lasted till 1459, 
when war again broke out. Many battles were fought with 



I 



69 

varied success, but though Edward IV. mounted the throne 
4 March 1460-1, on the deposition of Henrj YI, hostilities 
did not cease till 15 Maj 1463, when the loss of the battle of 
Hexham and the captivity of Henry forced queen Margaret to 
relinquish for a time her hopes of the crown. 

When Edward IV. had reduced the affairs of the kingdom 
into a somewhat settled state, he married 1 May 1464 Elizabeth 
Wydeville. She was the eldest daughter of sir Richard 
Wydeville of Grafton Northamptonshire (created by Edward IV. 
lord Rivers), and Jacquetta duchess dowager of Bedford, and 
was born about 14.31. In 1453 she married sir John Gray, who 
afterwards succeeded to. the title of lord Ferrers of Groby, and 
having been one of the maids of honour to queen ]\Iargaret 
received on her marriage from the queen a portion of £200. 
After lier marriage she continued in immediate attendance with 
the queen as one of the four ladies of the bedchamber, lady 
Margery Rocs, a great benefactor to the college in somewhat 
later times, being another.. Lord Ferrers commanded the cavalry 
of queen Margaret at the second battle of St Albans, 17 Feb. 
1460-61, but died of his wounds 28 Feb. After obtaining 
possession of the throne, Edward sent Richard Neville, the great 
earl of Warwick, to obtain for him the hand of Bona, daughter 
of Louis duke of Savoy. However the King met the widow of 
the Lancastrian general, and married her privately on 1 May 
1464 at Grafton, whither she had retired on the death of her 
husband and the subsequent loss of her property. The marriage 
was publicly declared in Reading Abbey Church on Michaelmas 
day in the same year, and Elizabeth was crowned at West- 
minster, Whitsunday 1465. (Dngd. Bar. ii. 230, i. 719.) 

As closely connected with queen Margaret, Elizabeth Wyde- 
ville was doubtless well acquainted both with Andrew Doket, 
and Queens' college, and we may suppose that, on the watch for 
opportunities to forward his design, the president eagerly 
solicited the new queen's favour and patronage for the college, 
in room of that support which he had lost by the misfortunes of 
Margaret. 

If this were the case, Andrew Doket must have been 
successful in his application. Elizabeth was pleased to under- 



70 

take the canying on and finishing the work, which her predecessor 
had begun, considering herself apparently as foundress by right 
of succession. 

At her request Edward IV. granted to the college, by writ 
of privy seal, dated 25 March 5 Edw. IV. 1465, licence to hold 
property in mortmain to the yearly value of £200, the same 
amount as the society had been permitted to hold by the charter 
of foundation. In this deed the college is styled ''Collegium 
quod de patronatu Elizabeth regine Anglie consortis nostre 
carissime existit." JS 

The deed is to the following effect : — ■ 

EDWARDUS DEI GRATIA Rex Anglie et Francie et 
Dominus Hibernie, Omnibus ad quos presentes littere pervenerint, 
Salutem. 

Sciatis quod de gratia nostra speciali et absque fine sen feodo 
nobis in hac parte solvendis, concessimus et licentiam dedimus pro 
nobis et beredibus nostris quantum in nobis est magistro Andree 
Doket president! et sociis Reginalis collegii sancte Margarete et 
sancti Bernardi in universifcate Cantebrigie, (quod de patronatu 
Elizabeth regine Anglie consortis nostre carissime existit, nt ipsi 
et successores sui apud Altissimum ac devotius pro sakibri statu 
nostro et prefate consortis nostre dum vixerimus et pro animabus 
nostris cum ab hac hice migraverimus ac animabus nobilium pi'o- 
genitorum et antecessorum nostrorum et omnium fidelium defunc- 
toi'um deprecentur et exorent,) quod ipsi et successores sui presi- 
dentes et socii predicti perquirere possint terras tenementa et reddi- 
tus necnon advocationes ecclesiarum et aliorum beneficiorum eccle- 
siasticorum quorumcumque, que quidem tenementa redditus et 
ecclesie ac alia beueficia ecclesiastica quecumque de aliis quam 
de nobis tenentur in capite et ad ducentas libras per annum se 
attingunt ultra onei'a et reprisas : 

liabenda et tenenda terras tenementa redditus et advocationes 
ilia eisdem presidenti et sociis et successoribus suis in liberam puram 
et perpetuam elemosinam in augmentationem sustentationis sue 
imperpetuum, et eadem ecclesias et beneficia quecumque appropriare 
et ea sic appropriata in proprios usus tenere sibi et successoribus 
suis imperpetuum, absque molestatione nostri heredum seu succes- 
sorum nostrorum aut aliorum quorumcunque, Statuto de terris et 
tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito, aut aliquo alio 



71 

statute actu ordinatione vel mandato aut aliqua alia re causa vel 
materia quacumque non obstantibiis. 

In cujus rei testimonium lias litteras nostras fieri fecimus paten- 
tes. Teste me ipso apud Westmonasterium vicesimo quinto die 
Martii anno regni nostri quinto. Mundes 

Per breve de privato sigillo et de data predicta auctoritate 
parliamenti. 

'In the earlj part of tliat year (1465) she appropriated a 
part of lier income to tlie completion of this college' (Cooper, 
Memorials of Camhridge, i. 280). This statement may refer to 
the above, but of any direct benefaction to the college from the 
second queen patroness all account has been lost We only 
know that she was commemorated among the benefactors of the 
college together with Cecily duchess of York, (the mother of 
Edward IV. and Eichard III.,) George duke of Clarence, and 
other members of the house of York, of whose benefactions also 
no particulars remain. 

The following description of queen Elizabeth is given by 
Hall in his Chronicle : ' She was a woman more of formal 
countenance than of excellent beauty, but yet of such beauty 
and favour, that with her sober demeanour, lovely looking and 
feminine smiling (neither too wanton nor too humble), beside 
her tongue so eloquent and her wit so pregnant, she was able to 
ravish the mind of a mean person, when she allured and made 
subject to her the heart of so great a King.' 

The second of the two old accounts of the early times of the 
college above mentioned, continues the history beyond the 
times of queen Margaret in the following words : — 

Felicis memorie et Dei gi-atia regina Anglie Margareta conjux 
devotissimi regis Henrici sexti, sperans salutem animarum et ortlio- 
doxe fidei incrementum, auctoritate memorati principis fundavit 
et edificare cepit colleginm sanctorum Margarete et Bernardi 
Cantabrigie, ut supra jam dictum est. Ejusdemqtxe collegii dis- 
cretum virum, prudentem et Deo dilectum, Andream Dokett instituit 
primum presidentem, cuius precibus, nt creditur, predicta fecisse 
videtur. Sed quia adversante quadam fortuna et Deo permittente, 



72 

"memorata regina sic cessit dignitate, ut quod inceperat nee con- 
summai'e potuit, liinc est quod Elizabetli regina et conjux illustrissimi 
regis Edwardi qiiarti, uti jure successionis vera fundatrix, quod a 
predecessore sua inceptum erat nee tamen completum usque ad finem 
iJla perduxit, statuta edidit, pluraque privilegia a rege impetravit, 
pwjcurante semper eodem primo presidente Andrea Doketfc, cuius 
jam opera manifesta sunt. 

Scripta sunt hec, ut sciant futuri, que fuit prima fundatrix, quis 
primus presidens, quodque exordium huius collegii Reginalis sanc- 
iorum Margarete et Bernardi Cantabrigie. 

In 1468 queen Elizabeth Wydeville visited Cambridge 
(Cooper, Ann. i. 216. MS. Baker xlii. 160). 



The benefaction of Lady Margery Roos seems to belong to 
the year 1469. She gave 'certan monay wherew* certan lands 
-wer purchaced and baught, that is to say the manors off 
Horsham hall, Mone hall,. Cromes hall, and Hompsted hall with 
thappm'tenances and also certeyn lands... in the townys of 
Haverell and Wycham in the counties of Essex and Cambrege, 
and also lands... to the yerely value off ix^' in the towne and 
felde of Abbotyslay in the countie of Himtyngdon,' to found five 
priests fellows of the college to pray for the soul of dame 
Margery Roos, sir Pliilip Wentworth kt., and sir John Eoos kt. 
with a stipend of £Q. ISs. 4>d. The college, by an agreement 
with her executor Dr John Rypplyngham of 8 March 21 Hen. 
VII. 1505-6, was tO' keep on the feast of St Alphege a dirige, 
and on the morrow a mass of requiem, 'atte wyche obite the 
said president and felowes atte their dyner and soper shall 
have an honest repast,^ and the president should receive 3s. 4c?., 
each fellow 12d, each bible-clerk 4(i., the manciple 4<d., and the 
under-manciple 2d. At the same obit they were to pray for 
Dr John Rypplyngham, late fellow and special benefactor of the 
ollege (who gave three silver pots with a spice plate of silver, 
and a close in Chesterton), and also for his parents, and for this 
the president was to receive 12d., and each fellow 4<d. 



73 

Horsham Lall was purchased 5 Oct. 9 Edw. IV. 1469; 
when the manor of Abbotsley was bought does not appear, but 
it was confirmed to the college by letters patent of 24 Jan. 
17 Edw. IV. 1478. 

So liberal a benefactor to the college as Lady Margery Roos 
deserves more than a passing notice. She was the daughter of 
sir Philip Spencer (or le Despencer) of Nettlestead, Suffolk, and 
married while still young John lord E-oos of Hamlake, who was 
killed 22 March, 1421, in the 23rd year of his age, while serving 
the khig in France (Esc. 9 Hen. V. n. 58). By his wife, 
whom he left a young widow, he had no issue. Lady Margery 
married to her second husband, sir Roger Wentworth, whom 
also she survived. Of the children that she had by him the 
eldest son, sir Philip Wentworth, died before her, leaving as 
heir to lady Margery Henry Wentworth, who died about Jan. 
1500. The expression ' patris mei,' used apparently by a clerical 
error for ' sui ' in the transcript of Lady Margery Roos' will in 
the Court of Probate, London ( Wattis 33) , with reference to sir 
Philip Wentworth, has involved her genealogy in great con- 
fusion. She died 20 Apr. 1478, and was buried under her 
window of St Margaret and St Bernard on the north side of 
the college chapel, which she seems to have given. She gave 
also many books and vestments, and some plate for the use of 
the chapel. Other benefactions will be found in her will, which 
was made 30 Aug. 1477, and proved 28 May, 1478. From her 
the earls of Cleveland were descended. (Morant, Essex, i. 320 b. 
Banks, Baronage, ii. 441. Dugdale, Baronage, i. 552, 398-9, ii. 
310. Claus. 9 Hen. V. m. 4 [her dowry]. Nicholas, Test. Vet. 
346. 439) 

Her will is here given from the transcript above mentioned : — 

In Dei nomine, Amen. Tricesimo die Augusti anno Domini 
Mcccc™° Ixxvij""" ego Margeria domina de Eoos compos mentis et 
sane memorie condo testamentum menm in liunc modum. Imprimis 
commendo animam meam Deo omnipotenti, beate Marie, Sanctis 
Johanni Baptiste, Johanni Evangeliste, sancto Georgio et omnibus 
Sanctis, coi'pusqne meum sepeliendvim in capella sancta (? collegii) 
beatorum Margarete et Bernardi Cantebr'. in choro ex parte boriali 



74 

sub fenestra mea sanctorum predictorum. Item do et lego summo 
altari ecclesie parocliialis sancti Botvilphi Cant', xl s. Item do et lego 
summo altari ecclesie parochialis de Netlestede x s. Item do et lego 
summo altari ecclesie parocliialis de Somersham [near Ipswich] x s. 
Item do et lego summo altari ecclesie parocliialis de Blakenam 
[Blakenham, near Ipswich] xs. Item do et lego fabrice ecclesie 
ordinis sancti Francisci Gibwici xx li. Item do et lego fratribus ejus- 
dem ordinis sive domus xl s. Item do et lego fratribus ordinis predi- 
catorum Gibwici xl s. Item do et lego fratribus ordinis Carmeli- 
tarum Gibwici xls. Item do et lego cuilibet iiij"" ordini (sic!) 
fratrum Cant', xl s. — Item do et lego Henrico Wentworth heredi 
meo xij discos de argento, unum goblet cum sex parvis peciis inclusis 
de argento, unum pelvim concavum de argento, sub hac conditione 
quod predictus heres mens nullo modo perturbabit seu inquietabit 
executores meos post decessum meum : ac eciam predictus heres meus 
causabit ex sumptibus suis propriis corpus patris mei C? sui) domini 
Philippi "Wentworth militis transferri ad ecclesiam de Newsom in 
Com. Lincoln, et unum lapidem marmoreum poni super corpus ejus, 
et etiam causabit unum lapidem marmoreum poni super corpus 
matris sue in ecclesia ordinis sancti Francisci Cibwic'. Item do et 
lego Henrico filio meo unum pelvim cum lavacro de argento, unum 
salsarium cum coopertorio de argento et dupliciter deaurato, duo can- 
delabra argentea. Item do et lego filio meo domino Thome Went- 
worth capellano unum pelvim cum parvo lavacro de argento, unum 
salsarium cum coopertorio de argento, xij coclearia argentea, unam 
oUam semilagene de argento, unam peciam sine coopertorio, sex 
discos cum parapside de argento, duos parvos discos cum armis 
domini de B,oos de argento, iij saucers de argento, duas fiolas de 
argento. Item do et lego magistro Andree Dokett presidenti collegii 
Begine Cant', unam peciam cum armis domini de Boos cum cooper- 
torio, et decem libras. Item do et lego collegio Eegine Cant', vj 
discos de argento cum parapside de argento, tres saucers de argento, 
unam ollam semilagene de argento, unum missale, unum calicem de 
argento, unum portiforium, sic quod presbiteri mei occupent dictos 
libros dum tantum moram fecerint in dicto collegio. Item do et lego 
cuilibet presbiterorum meorum (scilicet magistro Duffeld, magistro 
Thome Mawdislay, magistro Johanni Bypplyngham et magistro 
Bewice) xl s. Item do et lego magistro Willelmo Newman xl s. 
Item do et lego Agneti Boswell xx li, xij coclearia de argento. Item 
do et lego Katerine Skuttynge x marcas. Item do et lego Alicie 



' 75 _ 

Mekylfelde x marcas. Item do et lego Isabelle Freton quinqvxe 
niarcas. Item do et lego Margerie Jenne quinque marcas. Item do 
et lego Johanni Barnbe xl s. Item do et lego Philippo Boswell xl s. 
Item do et lego mxilieri inferme in parochia beate Marie Cant', in 
Trumpyngton gate xxs. Item do et lego Willelmo Hawys xxvj s. 
viij d. Item do et lego Tbome Stephenson xxvj s. viij d. Item 
do et lego Johanni Spynke xxs. Item do et lego Johanni 
Constable filio filie mee Agnetis Constable xx li. Item do et 
lego Rogero Wentworth filio Thome Wentworth vj marcas. — Ad 
isttid testamentum bene et fideliter exequendum et perimplen- 
dum ordino et constituo meos veros et legitimes executores filium 
meum Henricum Wentworth, Thomam Wentworth capellanum 
filium meum, magistrum Andreara Dokett, magistrum Thomam 
Mawdisley, magistrum Johannem Ryjjplyngham. Residuum vero 
omnitim bonorum meorum do et lego executoribus meis prenominatis, 
ut ipsi disponant pro salute anime mee. Hiis testibus : magistro 
Johanne Chapman [rector of St Botulph's], Philippo Constable, magis- 
ter Bevice, magistro Newman, Johanne Alfray, Johanne Barnebe, 
Philippo Boswell, et aliis. Dat' die et anno supra dictis. 

Probatum fuit presens testamentum apud Lamehith xxviij" die 
mensis Maji, anno Domini etc. lxx"° octavo, ac approbatum etc. Et 
commissa fuit administratio bonorum etc. Henrico Wentworth 
armigero, magistro Thome Mawdislay sacre theologie professi {sic !) et 
Johanni Rypplyngham in eadem bacallario executoribus etc. in per- 
sona raagistri Roberti Rypplyngham procuratoris sui in hac parte etc. 
de bene et fideliter ac sub unanimi consensu et assensu administrand. 
etc. ac de pleno inventario omnium bonorum et debitorum etc. citra 
festum Nativitatis sancti Johannis Baptiste proximi etc. nee non de 
pleno et vero compoto etc. in persona procuratoris sui hujusmodi 
jurati etc. Reservata potestate etc. 

The house of the Grey Friars at Ipswich was founded bj sir 
Robert Tiptot of ISTettlestead, in the time of Edward I. In their 
chiu'ch many of her family were buried, among whom was Eli- 
zabeth lady Spencer, the mother, and two brothers and a sister 
of lady Margery. (Tanner, Not lion. 530. Weever, Fun. Mon. 
750. A. P(ulson) - Collect. Anglo- Minor it. ii. 20.) 

On the resignation of the rectory of St Botolph's by Andrew 
Doket in 1470, the college presented John Chapman, B.D. to it; 



76 

the bishop instituted a commission to enquire into the right 
of patronage, when Queens' college was found to have the pre- 
sentation, and Chapman was accordingly instituted. The pro- 
ceedings are thus described in bishop Gray's register (MS. 
Addit. [Cole XXV.] 5826, p. 95, 96. MS. Baker xxx. 44 ff.) :— 

Certificatory from Ric: Sampson Bac: in Decrees official to the 
Archd : of Ely to the Bishop, that he had executed his Commission 
dated at Holborne 1. Aug. 1470, in enquiring into the Right of 
Patronage of St Botolph's Church in Cambrige & that on 20. Aug: 
in that church citing the President & fellows of Queens College, 
and the M" & Scholars of Corpus Christi college with the Prior & 
Canons of S*. Giles at Barnwell & others in full chapter, with a Jury 
of Clercs and Laics as follows he had made full enquiry ab*. it : viz: 

M. W™ Malstar, Licenciate in Decrees 

M. Ric : Brocher 

M. Walter Smyth, Bac-^' in Divinity 
and M. John Catt, A.M. 
Rectors of Girton, Landbeche, S'. Benedict's in Cambridge & Shelford 
parva, with 

M : W"" Rudde, Bac. in Decrees 
& Sir John Damelet 
Vicars of Granchester & S*. Clements in Cambrige ; 

John Belton, Tho. Heyrmau, John Bune, John Raisair, Tho. 

Diche & John Sergeant, Burgesses of Cambrige : 
who being sworn and examined depose that the Church of S* Botolph 
is now vacant by the resignation of Andrew Doket, who resign'd it 
on S* Mary Magdalen last, & that Queens college is the true Patron 
of it, & that before they were so, Benet College was in possession 
of it, who presented Andrew Doket to it; & before that, the Prior 
and Canons of Bernwell were in possession of it : w"*" Right of 
Presentation w"'*' Bernwell Priory and Benet college formerly had, 
now belonged to Queens college, as manifestly appeared to them by 
Evidences & muniments produced to them by Queens College. 
They say besides that the said Chu.rch of S* Botolph is neither 
litigated pensioned nor porcioned & is worth ab* 12 marcks annually 
as the Officiating Curates there informed them; and that M. John 
Chapman the presented by Queens College is a free man and lawfully 
begotten, fit honest and S. T. B. & in Priests orders & nowhere else 
beneficed ; they say besides that Benet College debent habere Aisea- 



77 

men turn in ecclesia predicta cum libero Introitii & Exitu celebrandi 
Divina in eadem &c. 

Dat. Cantebr. iit supra. 
I : (Bishop Gray's Register, fo. 80. b. 81. a. b.) 

The monumental brass of W. Malster (ob. 1492,) still remains 
I in the chancel of Girton church; Rich. Brocher was rector of 
:Landbeach 1462-89 (Masters, C. G. C. G. App. 22. Clay, Land- 
leach, 107); Walter Smyth was rector of St Benedict's 1446-88 
(Masters, App. 7), and Wm. Eudde, vicar of Grantchester 
,1460-83 (Masters, App. 16). 

In 1470 William Syday late of Cambridge, physician, left 
•to the college a certain tenement called Bilney's, in the parish of 
St Mary-juxta-forum to found a chaplain in the college to pray 
for his soul, those of Katherine his wife, Margaret his daughter 
and other relations, and to celebrate his anniversary on the feast 
of St Dunstan the archbishop. The deed of the college accept- 
ing this foundation, is dated 23 Oct. 1470. This house was 
i| afterwards called St Paul's Inn, and was sold in 1529. 
I William Sida was one of the wardens of the church of 
I "blessed Mary near the market, and as such was concerned in 
♦ the cession of a piece of ground in Scole-lane by the parish to 
Henry VI. before 10 Feb. 1448-9, for the intended college 
f (Cooper, Ann. i. 192). 




N 1470 queen Margaret of Anjou made an alliance with 
the earl of Warwick, who was much annoyed at the 
King having sent him to arrange a marriage with a 
foreign princess, and then not concluding it. Says Fuller, "War- 
wick stormeth thereat, that he had taken so much pains about 
nothing, highly sensible of the affront, seeing a potent arme is 
not to be employed about a sleeveless errand. He resolves revenge, 
and because he could not make her Queen whom he desired, he 
would make him King, whom he pleased." {Ch. Hist. B. iv. sub 
anno 1463.) Warwick accordingly delivered Henry VI. from 
the Tower, and restored him to the throne in Oct. 1470, while 
Edward in his turn was taken prisoner, but he soon escaped and 
fled to Flanders. King Henry's restoration was not of long 



duration, for Edward, returning from beyond seas, defeated the 
earl of Warwick at the battle of Barnet 14 Apr. 1471 (when 
the earl lost his life), and queen Margaret at the battle of 
Tewkesbury 4 May. She was captured and sent to the Tower, 
where Henry was murdered on 21 May. 'Henceforth King 
Edward passed the remnant of his days in much peace, plenty, 
and feasting' (Fuller, Ch. H. sub anno 1470). Queen Margaret 
was kept for four years in custody at different places, while 
queen Elizabeth requited the kindness of her former mistress 
by using her influence for the alleviation of her hard and sad 
lot. In 1475 she was ransomed by her father, and then retired 
to Anjou, where she lived until her death, 25 Aug. 1481, when 
she was buried in her father's tomb in the cathedral of Angers. 

In consequence of the unsettled state of England, the 
college deemed it advisable to obtain two general pardons from 
Edward IV. 

The first pardon was dated 1 Sept. 10 Edw. lY. 1470, just 
before king Henry's restoration and his own flight into Flanders. 
It extended to all offences committed before 25 Dec. 1469, with 
a proviso that it should not extend to his enemy Henry VI., 
late de facto, but not de jure king of England, (at that time a 
prisoner in the Tower,) nor to Margaret his wife, nor to Edward 
son of the said Margaret, nor to any persons who were with 
Margaret and Edward out of England, or who adhered to them. 

After king Henry's death, 21 May 1471, Edward IV. 
granted another pardon to the college, dated 29 May, 13 Edw. IV. 
1473, extending to all offences committed before 30 Sept. 
11 Edw. IV. 1471. 

He further granted 4 Oct. 14 Edw. IV. 1474, as a conse- 
quence to this pardon, a mandamus to the treasurer and barons 
of the exchequer not to molest the college. (Both these deeds 
are recited in the confirmation of the manor of Abbotsley dated 
24 Jan. 17 Edw. IV. 1477-8.) - 

This pardon of 1473 was casually lost and the college sent 
John Ripplingham, one of the society, to represent this upon 
oath to the court of cha^ncery, and to obtain a copy of it. 
Accordingly letters patent were issued 21 Oct. 21 Edw. IV. 



79 

1480, reciting the enrolment of the former pardon, and men- 
tioning the fact, together with the obligation the above John 
Ripplingham had entered into, viz. that if ever the original 
deed were found, it should be returned into chancery to be 

. cancelled. 

i The subject of these pardons has nothing to do with the 
history of Queens' college : only so much therefore of the recital 
of the last pardon is here given, as refers to the fact mentioned 
above : — 

I EDWAEDUS, DEI GRATIA Eex Anglie Francie et Dominus 
Hibemie, omnibus ad quos presentes litere pervenerint Salutem. 

I Constat nobis per inspectionem rotulorum cancellarie nostre 
quod nos literas nostras patentes fieri fecimus in hec verba : 

EDWARDUS &c. {reciting the pardon of 29 May, 13 Edw. IV. 
1473,) 

NOS autem pro eo quod litere predicts casualiter sunt amisse, 
(sicut Johannes Rypplyngliam clericus unus sociorum collegii predict! 

j coram nobis in cancellaria nostra personaliter constitutus sacramen- 
tum prestitit coi'j)orale, et quod ipse literas, si eas imposterum reperiri 
contigerit, nobis in cancellariam nostram predictam restituet ibidem 
cancellandas) tenorem irrotulamenti literarum predictarum ad requi- 
sitionem presidentis et sociorum predictorum duximus exemplifican- 
dum per presentes. 

In cujus rei testimonium has literas nostras fieri fecimus patentes. 

Teste me ipso apud "Westmonasteriiun vicesimo primo die Octo- 

bris anno regis nostri vicesimo. Broun. 

It bears the great Seal of England. 



About 1470 John Marke, citizen and haberdasher of London, 
gave an inn called the Christopher and nine messuages in 
Bermondsey Street, in the parish of St Olave Southwark, to 
found a fellow to pray for him after his death, for Elizabeth his 
wife, for Henry Somer late chancellor of the exchequer and 
Katherine his wife. The college accepted this gift by deed of 
10 Dec, 11 Edw. IV. 1471, and bound themselves to keep the 
anniversary of his death with exequice, and a funeral mass. 
We find this to have been kept on 2 October. No fellow is 
mentioned till 1490. • 



80 

In 1472 Andrew Doket had ' an inventory of all and singu- 
lar the goods of the Queens' college in Cambridge' drawn up. 
It is dated 1 Sept., and gives a catalogue of the books in the 
library, a list of the vestments and service books belonging to 
the chapel, and of the plate and^ linen of the college. The 
volume is written on vellum of 8vo. shape. After the inventory 
follows 'Nomina fundatorum collegii Reginalis Cantebrigie,' and 
as it mentions the foundation of four priests by Eichard duke 
of Gloucester, this part must have been written between 1477 
and his accession to the throne in 1484. It has however been 
much added to at different subsequent times. The volume 
contains also ' An Inventorie of things in the chappell, September 
16, 1580,' and some other later notes. 

About the year 1472 Dame Alice Wyche founded a fellow- 
ship. She was daughter and coheir of John Stratton, esq., and 
married first, sir Hugh Wyche, kt., alderman and merchant of 
London, who was lord-mayor in 1462, and secondly, William 
Holt, mercer, whom she survived. Her sister Elizabeth married 
John Andrews of Baylham Suffolk, esq. Their daughter Eli- 
zabeth was the wife of Thomas Wyndesor, esq. of Stanwell 
Middlesex, and from them the barons Windsor and earls of Ply- 
mouth were descended (Collins' Peerage [Brydges], iii. 658). 
After his death in 1485 Elizabeth Wyndesor married sir Robert 
Lytton, kt. Lady Alice was buried in St Denys Backchurch, 
London. By her will, made 16 June, 1474 and proved 16 Nov. 
1474 (Nicolas, Test. Vet. 336. Wattis 19), she left very liberal 
legacies to her sister's children; to the poor of the neighbour- 
hood of Lewes, Sussex, where her husband, William Holt, was 
born, £100, to the poor in other places £100, to a hundred poor 
householders a milch cow, three ewes and 135. 4c?. each, and for 
marriage portions to poor maidens of good conversation, and for 
mending the highways, £200. To the college she gave £320 
wherewith to purchase lands in Whaplode, Holbeach and Mul- 
ton, Lincolnshire, the college receipt for the last £80 being 
dated 7 March, 14 Edw. IV. 1473-4. The yearly value of this 
estate was £12, and we find the following points agreed upon on 
15 Feb. 5 Hen. VII. 1489-90, between the college and Robert 



81 

jlLytton, esq. under-treasurer of England and Elizabeth his 
wife, late wife and executrix of the will of Thomas Wyndesor, 
executor of the will of dame Alice Wyche : the fellow was to be 
a priest and to pray for the souls of sir Hugh Wyche, kt., 
William Holt, mercer, and dame Alice Wyche, and to have for 
his stipend £6. 13s. 4d; a sermon was to be preached at St 
.Denys, Backchurch, London, on Easter day, by him or some 
other fellow, to receive if B.D. 6s. 8d., if D.D. 13s. 4<d. ; a 
lecture of divinity was to be read according to the statutes and 
ordinance of the college by him or some other fellow, with a 
stipend of 40s. : the college was to receive the aforesaid sir 
Hugh Wyche, William Holt and dame Alice Wyche, for special 
benefactors to the college, and to keep a solemn dirige by note 
on the vigil of St Cosmas and St Damian, and on the fes- 
tival itself (27 Sept.) a solemn mass of requiem by note ; and to 
the fulfilment of these covenants the college bound themselves 
|by an obligation of £400. 

I The fellow of Lady Alice Wyche' s foundation is mentioned 
in 1484. In the inventory of 1472, we find that she gave some 
vestments of cloth of gold to the chapel, and there the sum that 
she gave the college is stated to be £360 (Vellum Inventory, 
jfo. 9. h). 

I The sermon at St Denys Backchurch was duly preached on 
Easter day till 1687, when the rector, Lyonell Gatford, refusing 
his pulpit to John Wootton, fellow of Queens' college, the col- 
lege allowed it to fall into abeyance. 

On 5 March, 13 Edw. IV. 1472-3, King Edward IV. 
^granted permission to Lady Joan Burgh, widow of Sir John 
Burgh, knight, to give to the college the manor of St Nicholas 
Court in the Isle of Thanet, by the following deed : — 

EDWARDUS, DEI GRATIA Rex Anglie et Francie Dominus 
Hibernie, omnibus ad quos presentes litere pervenerint Salutem. 

Sciatis quod cum nos vicesimo quinto die Marcii anno regni 
nostri quinto per literas nostras patentes de gratia nostra speciali et 
absque fine sive feodo nobis in hac parte solvendis concesserimus et 
licentiam dederimus pro nobis et heredibus nostris quantum in nobis 

6 



82 

fait magistro Andree Doket presidenti et sociis collegii Reginalis 
sancte Margavete et sancti Bernardi in universitate Cantebrigie (quod 
de patronatu Elizabeth regiiie Anglie consortis nostre carissime 
existit ut ipsi et succe>sores sui apud altissimum ac devotius pro salu- 
bri statu nostro et prefate consortis nostre diim viveremus et pro 
animabus nostris quum ab hac luce migraremus ac animabus nobilium 
progenitorum et antecessorum nostrorum et omnium fidelium defunc- 
torum deprecarentur et exorarent) quod ipsi et successores sui presi- 
dentes et socii predicti perquirere possent terras tenementa et redditus 
necnon advocationes ecclesiarum et aliorum beneficiorum ecclesias- 
ticorum quorumcumque que quidem terre tenementa redditus et 
ecclesie ac alia beneficia ecclesiastica quecumque de aliis quam de 
nobis tenerentur in capite et ad ducentas libras per annum se attin- 
gerent ultra onera et reprisas, Habenda et tenenda terras tenementa 
redditus et advocationes illis eisdem presidenti et sociis et successori- 
bus suis in liberam puram et perpetuam elemosinam in augmentationem 
sustentationis sue imperpetuum et eadem ecclesias et beneficia que- 
cumque appropriare et ea sic appropriata in proprios usus su?)s tenere 
sibi et successoribus suis imperpetuum absque molestations nostri 
heredum seu successorum nostrorum aut aliorum quorumcumque. 
Statute de terris et tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis 
edito aut aliquo alio statuto actu ordinatione vel mandate aut aliqua 
alia re, causa vel materia quacumque non obstante, prout in literii, 
predictis plenius continetur. 'SJ 

NOS volentes concessionem predictam efiectui debito mancipari, 
de gratia nostra speciali concessimiis et licentiam dedimus pro nobis 
et heredibus nostris quantum in nobis est Johanne que fuit uxor 
Johannis Burgh militis, Johanni Gamelyn clerico, et Roberto Love 
capellano, quod ipsi manerium de Seynt Nicholas Courte cum 
pertinentiis in insula de Thaneto in com. Cant, (quod de aliis quam 
de nobis tenetur, et quod ad summam duodecim marcarum extenditur 
per annum, prout per inquisitionem inde coram Ricardo Garnet 
nuper escaetori nostro in comitatu predicto de mandate nostro 
captam et in cancellariam nostram retornatam est compertum) dare 
possint et cencedere prefatis presidenti et sociis : 

Habendum et tenendum sibi et successoribus suis imperpetuum 
in valorem tresdecim marcarum per annum in partem satisfactionis 
dictarum ducentarum librarum per annum statuto predicto non 
obstante : 

Nolentes quod prefati Johanna, Johannes et Robertus vel heredes 



sui aut predict! presidens et socii et successores sui ratioue permis- 
sorum per nos vel liei^edes nostros, justiciaries, escaetores, vice- 
comites aut alios ballivos seu ministros nostros vel lieredum nostrorum 

iqnoscumque molestentur perturbentur in aliquo seu graventur, salvis 
tarn en capitalibus dominis feodi illius servitiis inde debitis et de jure 
consuetis. 

i In cujus rei testimonium lias literas nosti'as fieri fecimus patentes. 

'Teste me ipso apud Westmonasterium quinto die Martii, anno regni 
nostri tertio decimo. Fryston. 

To this deed tlie great seal of England is appended. 

The yearly value of this estate was then thirteen marks, 

as also appears from the following endorsement on the licence of 

mortmain of 25 March 1465 : — 

f 

': Memorandum quod quinto die Martii amio regni regis infrascripti 

tertiodecimo presidens et socii infrascripti virtute istius licentie per- 
quisiverunt diversa terras et tenementa in Com. Kant, tenenda sibi 
et successoribus suis imperpetuum in valorem tresdecim marcarum in 
partem satisfactionis ducentarum libratarum terrarum tenementorum 
reddituum et advocationum infrascriptorum. 

She gave this estate by deed of 20 March following (1473-4), 
jand on 1 Apr. the college granted it back to her for the term of 
80 years, which was to determine at her death. 
' The college seal appended to the deeds belonging to this 
grant is small and round and bears a pelican, that of Lady Joan 
Burgh is likewise small and round and bears St Christopher 
icarrying the Saviour. 

The following document of 8 March, 13 Edw. IV. 1473-4, 
[preserved in the college treasury, shews one of the ways, in 
which Andrew Doket procured funds for the endowment of his 
^college : — 

I This endenture made betwene maister Andrewe Doket president 
'of the Quenes college in the universite of Cambrigge and the ffehship 
of the same college on that oon partie, and Robert Rocheford grocer 
and Robert Carvell mercer, citezenis of London on that other partie 
witnesseth : that the seid president and fieliship have receyved the 

6—2 



84 

day of the date of these presentes of the seid Robert and Robert for 
the soule of Edmund Carvell late citizen and gi-ocer of London now 
dede xx li. sterling to thentent that the seid Edmond shall be taken 
and receyved as benefactour of the forseid college and to be made 
partener of all the suffrages prayers masses and alle other merytory 
dedes that shall be seid and doon w*ynne the same college for other 
benefactours of the same, And also that the soule of the same Edmond 
shall be remembered among other benefactours of the same college 
atte Dirige and masse of Requiem to be seyd for them oons in every 
year w'ynne the same college. And to thaccomplysshment of the 
same, the seid president and ffeliship have promysed by these pre- 
sentes, that alle the prestes now beyng of the same college and 
hei-eafter shall be, shall be sworn to performe the same. In witnesse 
wherof the same president and ffeliship their commone seale and the 
Robert and Robert their scales to these indentures changeably have 
set. 

Yeven the iij*** day of March the xiij*^ yere of the r^^gne of 
kyng Edward the fourth. 

Although so many provisions had been made in the several 
charters of foundation concerning statutes for the college, none 
probably were drawn up for the government of the college, till 
queen Elizabeth gave a set of statutes by her letters patent 
dated 10 March, 15 Edw. TV. 1474-5. The queen's words 
' ad humilem supplicationem et specialem requisitionem Andree 
[Dokett] primi presidentis ... collegii [Reginalis] ad quedam 
statuta et ordinationes pro fundatione et stabilimento collegii 
illius fiendo ut vera fundatrix ejusdem ... procedimus in hunc 
modum,' which occur in the preface to the statutes of 1475, 
seem to shew this. These statutes continued in force till 1529. 

By will dated 5 April, 14 Edw. IV. 1474 and proved , 

John Raven clerk directed that at his death certain lands and 
tenements in Buckworth in Huntingdonshire, and a yearly rent 
of 16s., issuing from lands at Gilden Morden in the county of 
Cambridge, should go to the college for the foundation of 
a poor scholar, as lector biblie or bible-clerk. By a deed 
of 4 Jan. 15 Edw. IV. 1475-6, the college states that it has 
received £30 from the sale of the lands at Buckworth, and the 



.value of £14. 55. 2d., in money, jocalia, and certain books of 
the gift of the said John Raven ; also that Mr Ralph Shaw and 
Mr Thomas Mawdesley, Mr William Bond, and Mr Ralph 
Songer were feofFed in 16s. of yearly rent from lands in Gilden 
Morden, for the use of the college; and undertakes to maintain 
such a poor scholar, for ever to be called Raven's clerk. The 

jestate at Gilden Morden was in 21 Hen. VIII. 1529-30 ex- 
changed with Dr Manfeld for one at Eversden. (The Deed in 
the college treasury, the will is transcribed in Misc. B.) 

j On 6 Oct. 15 Edw. IV. 1475 the island on which the brew- 
house and the stables stand, together with the fellows' garden and 
the grove, was granted to the college for 40 marks, by the mayor 
! bailiffs and commonalty of the town of Cambridge, "ad contempla- 
tionem literarum honorabilium metuendissimi domini nostri regis, 
excellentissime principisse domine nostre regine, ac illustris et 
prepotentis principis Edwardi primogeniti domini nostri regis." 
The piece of ground is described as lying between the ''communis 
riparia," which goes down from the King's and Bishop's mills, 
and the "communis riparia" which goes down from NcAvnham 
mills, and the Newnham road between the small bridges. At 
the same time the college undertook to lengthen the small bridge 
next the college by 12 feet, in consideration of which it was to 
be freed from all repairs of it for the future. The college was 
also to widen the river on the east side of the island to 51 feet, 
and had leave to build a bridge across it, the arches of which 
j should be as wide as the arches of the bridge of King's college. 

I Omnibus ad quos presens scriptum indentatum pervenerit Major 
burgenses et communitas ville Cantebrigie Salutem in Domino. Sciatis 
quod nos prefati major, burgenses et communitas unanimi assensu 
et voluntate nostris (ad contemplationem literarum honorabilium 
metuendissimi domini nostri regis, excellentissime principisse domine 
nostre regine ac illustris et prepotentis principis Edwardi primo- 
geniti domini nostri regis) dedimus concessimus et hac presenti 
carta nostra confirmavimus pro nobis et successoribus nostris Andree 
Dokett clerico presidenti collegii Reginalis sanctorum Margarete 
et Bernardi in Cantebrigia et ejusdem sociis et eorum successori- 

; bus, — quandam parcellam communis terre sive soli nostri, prout 



86 

jacet inter communem ripariam descendentem a molendinis vul- 
gariter nuncixpatis Kings mylle et bischopys mylle infra villain 
Cant, ex parte orientali ejusdem terre sive soli, et ripariam de- 
scendentem a molendino vocato Newenham mille a parte occidentali, 
et a diversis limitibus vocatis stakis fixis et positis per nos dictos 
majorem burgenses et communitatem ex parte aquilonari vie du- 
centis a villa Cant, usque Newenliam inter duos pontes vocatos le 
smalebrigges, distantibus a dicta via ex parte orientali viginti et 
octo pedes et versvis partem occidentalem sexaginta et tres pedes, 
quodam solo inter quoddam fossatum ad custagia predictorum pre- 
sidentis et sociorum ibidem faciendum et dictam viam prefatis majori 
burgensibus et communitati super solo illi ad stramen lapides et alias 
marcandisas ac alia quecumque ex quibus aliqua corruptio non 
eveniret ponenda omnino salvo et reservato Habendam et tenendam 
dictam parcellam terre sive soli, reservatis prereservatis, prefatis 
presidenti et sociis et successoribus suis imperpetuum, pro quibus 
quidem concessis idem presidens et socii dederunt nobis prefatis 
majori burgensibus et communitati xl. marcas tm, et ultra pre- 
dictus presidens et socii elongabunt pontem vocatum le smale- 
brigge proximum dicto collegio per xij pedes ad eorum propria 
custagia et expensas, et postquam dictus pons sic elongatus fuerit 
prefati presidens et socii et successores sui ad reparationem ejusdem 
pontis aliquo mode non onerentur : Et insuper prefati presidens et 
socii similiter elargabunt ripariam ex parte orientali dicte terre 
sive soli, sic quod eadem riparia sit per bujusmodi spacium prout 
parcella terre sive soli predicti extendit in latitudine 1. et unum 
pedes. Et nos dicti major, burgenses et communitas et successores 
nostri ad libitum nostrum piscare et venire valeamus cum batillia 
nostris extra dictas duas riparias usque ad dictum novum fossatum 
non pejorando nee molestando allquid quod crescere contigerit super 
bancum predictorum presidis et sociorum vel infra idem fossatum efc 
onerare et discariare dictas batillas nostras ad et a terra sive solo 
nobis per presentem concessionem reservato : proviso semper quod 
prefati presidens et socii occasione presentis concessionis non extric- 
tent ripariam que currit ex parte occidentali dicti terre sive soli. 
Et vilterius nos prefati major burgenses et communitas concessimus 
prefatis presidi et sociis et suis successoril:)us quod ipsi ab libitiim 
suum quendam pontem ultra dictam ripariam currentem ex parte 
orientali dicte terre sive soli facere valeant itaque arce ejusdem 
pontis adeo large existent prout arce pontis Kegalis existunt sic quod 



87 

batilla cum cariagiis per eiindem pontem faciendum libera at pacifice 
itransire possunt. In cuius rei testimonium huic presenti carte 
nostre indentate penes prefatum Andream Dokett presidem et socios 
;et successores dicti collegii remanenti sigillum nostrum commune 
jville predicts apposuimus. Datum apud Cantebrigiam vj". die 
iiOctobi'is anno regni regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum Anglie 




Y deed of 1 April, 17 Edw. IV. 1477, Richard duke of 
Gloucester and Admiral of England, and John Pilking- 
ton, and John Huddleston, knights, William Hopton, 
Esq. and Thomas Barowe, clerk, the feoffees ' ad usum et profi- 
cuura ejusdem ducis, de et in manerio sive dominio ipsius ducis 
de Fulmere' (Foulmire) in the county of Cambridge, granted 'ad 

Imandatum et speciale preceptum dicti ducis' to the president and 
fellows of Queens' college, the manor and advowson of Foulmire, 

i according to the tenor of certain indentures between the above 

jand the college. The attorneys appointed were William Alyng- 
ton, the duke's chancellor, John Ponsaby and Richard Aldrede. 
The deed is tested by Sir James Tirrell, William Tunstall, John 
Kendall, and others, and is dated ' apud castrum nostrum de 
Sherefhoton' (Sheriff-Hutton, near York). It is signed 1R. ^l0U= 

l tt%tXt and bears the five seals of the duke and his feoffees. 

Richard, the eleventh child of Richard duke of York, was 

5 born 2 Oct. 1452, and therefore was only 9 years of age when his 

: brother the earl of March became king by the name of Edward 
IV. and at this time was only 24 years of age. Rous, the 

I Warwick antiquary, a strong partisan of the house of Lancaster, 

' fixes his birth on 21 Oct. 1450, but William of Wyrcester gives 
the above later date as of his own knowledge (C. A. Halsted, 

I Richard III. as duJce of Gloucester and king of England. 2 vols. 

' 8vo. London, 1844). 

Sheriff-Hutton Castle was one of the ancient strongholds of 
the Nevilles, in whose family it had remained for 300 years, 
until forfeited to the king by Warwick's attainder after the 

. battle of Barnet. It was then given by king Edward to his 
brother Richard in 1471, and that prince bestowed so much 



88 

attention in repairing and beautifying tins magnificent structure, 
and in improving the demesne altogether, that the lordship and 
manor was within a brief period from the period now under, con- 
sideration [1478] purchased by the king from his brother for the 
sum of £500 (Halstead, i. 331). A great number of docu- 
ments of the duke are dated from the castle. 

On 10 April of the same year, the king granted permission, 
by a writ of privy seal dated at Windsor, to the above feoffees to 
give and to the college to accept the manor and advowson of 
Foul mire, with the usual condition of praying for the king and 
his ancestors, also for Richard, duke of Gloucester, and Anne 
his wife, and Edward their son, and for the souls of John Vere, 
late earl of Oxford, and Elizabeth his wife, and all faithful 
departed. 

On 17 July, 17 Edw. IV. 1477, the indentures above men- 
tioned were made, rehearsing the purposes of the grant, viz. to 
found four priests, fellows of the college, to be called the four 
priests of the duke of Gloucester's foundation, who were to study 
theology, and to pray for the family of the duke, and the feoffees 
and the duke's friends who were slain at the battles of Barnet 
(14 Apr. 1471), Tewkesbury (4 May 1471), etc., with a stipend 
of £8 per annum, and they were to preach in Advent and 
Lent, with other double feasts. The advowson of Foulmire was 
on the next vacancy to be appropriated to the college, for the 
proper use and behoof of the president, so long as he should be 
actually president ; the college was also to keep a dirige and 
mass of requiem on St Sylvester's eve for the souls of the duke's 
family, and to enrol the duke among its benefactors ; the chan- 
cellor of the university was appointed visitor of the duke's 
foundation with power to fine the college, if after three moni- 
tions any breach of the indentures was left uncorrected. 

The duke of Gloucester also founded a college for a dean 
and six priests at Middleham, Yorkshire, in 1477, the parlia- 
mentary sanction being granted on 16 Jan, 1477-78 (E,ot. 
Pari. VI. 172), and ordained statutes for its government 4 July, 
18 Edw. IV. 1478. Sir William Beverley, previously rector 
of Middleham, was appointed dean (Rev. W. Atthill, Docu- 



89 

,ments relating to tJie foundation and antiquities of the collegiate 
church of Middleham, published bj the Camden Society, 1847. 
Whitaker, Hist, of Richmondshire, I. 335 fF.). His successors 
were to be taken from among the six priests, if they be found 
worthy, or lacking them, from among the four priests of his 
foundation at Queens' college, Cambridge, or for want of such, 
from among the graduates of the university of Cambridge. 

The deed is as follows : — 

This indenture tripartit made the xvij day of Jule the yere of 
kynge Edwarde the fourth the xvij betwix the ryght high and 
myghti Prince Richarde duke of Gloucestre, Constable and Adma- 
rall of Ynglonde, sir John Pylkyngton, sir John Huddelston 
knyghtes, William Hopton sqwyer and Thomas Barowe clerk e, 
feoffys of the sayde duke of Gloucetre in certayn his lands late 
belongynge to Elizabeth contese of Oxforth, of the oon partye, — and 
the president and felawes of the Qwenys college in Cambrige of the 
other partye,— 

Wittnesseth that the sayde duke and his sayde feoffees be his 
commaundement (in the honore and lovyng of Almyghti God and all 
sayntes, and in especialle in the worschip of oure blessid Lady seynt 
Mary, seynt George, seynt Antony and seynte Nynyan) have gyven 
in perpetualle almysse to the sayde president and feleus and theire 
successours for- evermore the lordeship of Fulmere w* all the apporte- 
naunces therto belongynge and also the advowsyn of the parissh 
chirche of Eulm"" to be appropred to the sayde college for ever for 
continuall prayers and remembraunce of the sayde duke and other, 
in maner and forme foloynge 

Firste, the sayde president and felowes of the sayde college shall 
admitte and incorporat into the sayde college for the man'' and lorde- 
shep of Fulm'' iiij prestes not benyfised wele lerned and v^'tuosly 
dysposit as doctours of divinite bachelers opposers or masters of art 
beyng prestes of habilite to procede to be doctours and to preche the 
worde of God. And the sayde iiij prestes to be putte felous of the 
seyde college, of the -wiche prestes yche of tham yerly shall have viij. 
li. of lawfulle monye of Ynglande : And thei to be named ' The iiij 
prestes of the duke of Gloucef foundacion' : of the wiche iiij 
prestes oon of hem schalle synge dayly by the weke masse of oure 
Lady w* a collette of seynte George, and the secunde masse of 
Requiem except principall festis, thei to be assigned by the president 



90 

or Ms depute for the tyme beynge, alternis septimanis ; And oon of 
the other two prestes schalle dayli in his masse in the sayde college say 
a collet of seynte Antouye and the other of ham shalle say in like 
forme a collett of seynt ISTynian,- — provided alway that the sayde two 
prestes that synge not of oure Lady ne of Ileqniem schall in oon weke 
say oon masse of seynte George and oon masse of seynt Antonye, 
and in the secunde weke oon masse of seynte Antonye and oon masse 
of seynte Nynyan, and in the thirde weke oon masse of seynte 
Nynyan and oon masse of seynte George : and so tinder the forme 
and course to continue for evermore for the goode astatis and soulys 
under writtyn and alle cristen soulis w'in the chapelle of the sayde 
college. 

Firste the iiij prestes shell pray satisfactorie for the prosperuse 
astates of Richard the sayde duke of Gloucef and dame Anne 
his wife, and of Edwarde ther first begoten son erle of Salisbery 
w* all sych yssue as God schalle sende betwixe tham, and of all 
ther soulis after ther decessis : also thay schalle pray for the goode 
and prosperuse astates of oure sovereyne lorde kynge Edwarde the 
fourth, oure sovereyne lady quene Elizabet fundaresse of the sayde 
college, of the prince and all the kynges childer : and for the good 
astate of dame Gecile duches of York moder to the kynge our sayde 
sovereyne lorde and to the sayde duke of Gloucef: also for the soule 
of the ryght hygh and myghty prince of blessed memorie Richarde 
duke of Yorke fader to oure sovereyne lorde the kynge and to the 
sayde duke of Gloucet"^ : and for the soules of Edmunde erle of Rut- 
lande, dame Anne duches of Excef^, brother and sister of the sayde 
duke of Gloucef and alle his other bredern and sisf : also for 
Richarde erle of Cambridge and all other of the sayde duke ot 
Gloucef noble progenitours : also for the saules of John Veir and 
dame Elizabeth his wife with the soules of the specialle benefactours 
of the saide college, sir John Pylkyngton, sir John Huddelston 
knyghtes, William Hopton sqwyer, Thomas Barowe clerke and Wil- 
liam Tunstall : and for the soules of Thomas Par, John Milewater, 
Christofre Wursley, Thomas Huddelston, John Harper and all other 
gentilmen and yomen servanders and lovers of the saide duke of 
Gloucef^, the wiche were slayn in his service at the batelles of Bernett, 
Tukysbery or at any other feldes or jorneys, and for all cristen soulis. 

Also the sayde prestes schall preche in Advent and Lent withe 
other duble festes except a resonable causes to be approved by the 
president or his depute for the time beynge. 



91 

And if it so happyn that ony of the sayde iiij prestes so chosen 
be benyfised or dissece, then the president and felons for the tyme 
beynge shalle in goodely haste accordynge to the statutes of the sayde 
college electe oon able person or persones like as may stand w* the 
statutes of the sayde college. 

Also as for the advousyn of the sayde chirche of Fulm'' to be 
appropred to tlie sayde college when it schalle next be voyde, the 
sayde duke wille and graunteth that alle the yssues profittes and 
revenews schalle belonge to the propre use and behofe of the seyde 
president for the tyme beynge, provided alwey that the sayde presi- 
dent schalle no lenger enioy the sayde profittes yssues and revenews 
I then he is actuelly president of the sayde college : the wiche presi- 
' dent for the tyme beynge schall w*in the sayde college singe messe of 
the Trinite or ellis say in his masse a collett of the Trinite except 
, principalle festes and other dayes whenne hit stondithe not w' the 
ordinalle of Sar', 

Also the sayde president and felaus of the seyde college and ther 

successours schalle kepe yerly a Dirige and a masse of Requiem in 

* ther habittes w'in ther chapelle upon saynt Sylvest"^ evyn for the 

soules of the forsayde prince Richarde duke of Yorke and Edmunde 

erle of Rutlande and all cristen soules. 

Also the sayde president and felaus of the sayde college shalle 
make the forsayde Richarde duke of Gloucef^ to be assorted and 
nombred amonge the benefactoui's of the sayde college. 

And when the president and felaus shalle kepe a solempne 
j Dirige in ther chapelle for ther foundatrise ther beynge the universi- 
tee, then the sayde Ric' duke of Gloucef to have at the sayde Dirige 
a specialle collet joyntly w' the fundresse. 

And for the true performaunce of the premisses in every poynte 
to be observed and kept, the sayde duke of Gloucet"^ and the sayde pre- 
sident and felaus be ther hole assent, ordeyne and make the chaun- 
celler of the sayde universite for the tyme beynge surveyer of the 
premisses, that in case the seyde president and felaus be negli- 
gent and fulfille not every article aforne sayde, that then the sayde 
chaunceller schalle gyve hem a monicon to reforme the same w*in 
moneth : and if it wHn the sayde moneth be not reformed that then 
the sayde chaunceller shalle gyve hem another monicon of a nother 
moneth and for non reformacioQ of the same he shalle gyve hem the 
thirde monicion of a nother moneth. 

And if it so be (as God defende) that the sayde president and 



92 

felaws within the space aforne sayde reforme not ther defautis of the 
premisses or any of hem, that then the sayde president and felaus 
schalle pay to the sayde chaunceller for the tyme beynge the hole 
stipend of the sayde preste or prestes so trespassinge for a quarter or 
halfe yer or yere lesse or more accordynge to the rate of trespace, the 
sayde chaunceller to dispose the sayde stipend in like wise to another 
preste or prestis of the sayde universite be way of like almesse 
accordynge to the wille of the sayde duke comprised in this in- 
dentures, provided alwey that the sayde duke be at his libertee and 
fredom durynge his naturalle life w' the president and felaws of the 
sayde college to reforme correcte dyminysch or enlarge the premisses 
and eche of hem according to the tyme and season. 

In wittnesse whereof to the oon partye of thies present indenturis 
tripartite remaynynge w* the sayde due' and his hayr^ the saide pre- 
sident and felaws have setto ther comon seale : to the secunde partye 
of the sayde indenturis remaynynge w' the sayde president and felaws 
the sayde duke hath setto the seale of his armes : and to the thred 
partye of the same indenturis remaynynge w* the chaunceller of the 
seyde universite as welle the sayde duke hathe setto the seale of his 
armes as the seyde president and felous have setto ther comon 
seale, the day and yere above sayde. 

This deed bears the seal of the duke, and in the margin his 
autograph, Wi. &\0\XCZ%tXt. 

Elizabeth, countess of Oxford, here mentioned, was the wife 
of John II. earl of Oxford, who was attainted in Nov. 1461, 
and beheaded 26 Feb. 1461-2. Her father was sir John 
Howard, the younger, and her grandfather, sir John Howard, 
the elder, had married Margaret the daughter and heir of 
sir John Playz. Elizabeth, countess of Oxford, by right of 
her grandmother, was seized of certain manors including that of 
Foulmere (Dugdale, Baronage, ii. 9), and when her husband was 
attainted, her feoffees were compelled to make over her estates to 
other feoffees for the duke of Gloucester's use, to whom Edward 
IV. had granted the earl's estates. 

In 1478 the college received a benefaction of £40 from 
Elizabeth Yorke executrix of William Yorke of London, towards 
the foundation and 'a mortassing of a priest to be a fellow in the 



93 

said college.' The acknowledgment is dated 14 Feb. 17 Edw. 
IV. 1478. 

j In 1478 John Collinson, archdeacon of Northampton, and 
, rector of Over in Cambridgeshire, gave to the college 300 marks 
to found a fellowship of the value of 10 marks (£6. 13s. 4c?.) per 
i ann., with his chamber and such other alms as the other fellows 
of the college received. His fellow was to pray for the Arch- 
deacon, his parents and John Chadworth bishop of Lincoln, and 
to preach the word of God ' -per se vel per alium ' in the church 
of Over twice a year, in Advent and in Lent. His composition 
with the college is dated 26 Aug. 18 Edw. IV. 1478. With 
his benefaction the college purchased the estates of Stanbourn 
and Motts near Bumpstead Essex, and the manor of Shadworth 
at Swaffham Prior Cambridgeshire. (Deed in the college 
treasury). 

I The seal which is affixed to the deed of composition bears 
fthe inscription ^fgillum ^oi)annis GDolgnson arcI)itiiaconi 

iQ,Ortl)amptOn ; in the field are the Virgin and child in a fine niche : 
below this his arms, an escallop shell between three trefoils. 

John Collinson was Prebendary of Louth in the church 
of Lincoln 1455-82, Archdeacon of Stow 1460-68, of Bedford 
1468-71, of -Northampton 1471-82, admitted rector of Over 
26 March 1472 (MS. Baker xxx. 49. bp. Gray's reg'".). He 
died 1482, and was buried in the chancel at Over, where his 
I arms still remain on the miserere of one of the south stalls. 

The following extract from the bursar's accounts refers to 

this benefaction : — 

\ 

• I. M. J. 1484-5. fol. 16. b. Item M. Hugoni Trotter in plenam 
solutionem suarum expensarum in emendo tenementum Staneburne 
hall xx'. 

About 1479 John Grene esquire, by his will founded a 
fellowship endowing it with "le floodwers, ebbwers et leynys 
pro ostriis," belonging to part of a marsh called Alflood marsh in 
Prettiwell and Eastwood in Essex, and with £5 per ann., issuing 
from the said marsh and the estate of Petits at Fulbourn in 
Cambridgeshire, consisting of a tenement and 60 acres of land. 



94 

His fellow was required to pray for John Grene and all his 
relations, and to be present in the parish church of Widdington, 
Essex 'si requisitus fuerit ' in Holy week, Easter week, for three 
weeks after Ascension daj, and during the twelve days of Christ- 
mas, provided that the lord of the manor or the rector would 
give him food and lodging for those times. The composition 
for this fellowship between Edith Grene, and William Grene 
his executors and the college is dated 26 July, 19 Edw. IV. 
1479. (Deed in the college treasury.) 

On 8 Nov. 21 Edw. IV. 1481 John Alfray, of Ipswich, gen- 
tleman, made an agreement by indenture with the college for 
founding a fellowship after his death, out of lands lying at Capel, 
Brentwenham, Barholt and Bentley in Suffolk. The fellow was 
to pray for the said John Alfray, Helena his wife, John his son, 
Anne her mother, lady Margery Boos, William Wareyn, 
Andrew Groton, their relations and benefactors and all christian 
souls. The college bound itself to keep his obit in the chapel 
on the day of his death ' with Dirige and messe of Requiem by 
note,' the president to receive xx*^., the officiating priest xij^, 
and each of the other fellows iiij*^. 'And over this the said 
president and felawes schal have the same day at there dyner 
a bove and be side there comon fare every mess a dyssch to th 
value of iiij*^. or a bove.' 

The above indenture was tripartite between the college on 
the one part, John Alfrey 'gentylman' on the second, Mr John 
Chapman clerk, Mr John Bypplyngham clerk, Thomas Selle 
gentleman, John Barnby gentleman on the third. Of these the 
two former are in the college treasury. John Alfray, John 
Barnby and John Chapman, probably the rector of St Botolph's, 
were witnesses to lady Margery Boos' will, p. 75. M 

In 1483 Thomas Duffield, D.D. late fellow, left to the college 
by will 23 marks to provide ' unam lampadem ardentem coram 
summo altari infra capellam collegii,' on the condition of their 
enrolling him, and praying for him among the benefactors of the 
college. His executor William Bounde, clerk, actually paid to 
the college 25 marks 10 sh., and for this they undertook to 



1| 



I 



95 

! provide the lamp, and to pay the dean of the chapel ISs. 4<d. per 
;ann., for its continuance. The lamp was to be burning on every 
festival during the time of divine service, and every day from 
six o'clock in the morning, or when the first mass was celebrated, 
■until the last was said. The deed of the college by which the 
benefaction was accepted, is dated 30 June 1483. There probably 
was some doubt as to who was King of England on that day, 
Edward V. or Richard III., who said himself 'for as moche as 
we be infourmed that there is grete doubte and ambiguyte 
amoing you for the certaine day of the commensing of oure reigne' 
I (Letter quoted in Sir H. Nicolas, Chronol. of Hist. 307), and so 
•the regnal year is not given. (Deed in the college treasury.) 
! A Thomas Duifield clerk is mentioned with Thomas Hey- 
wood in a deed of 25 June 1458. As Heywood was a fellow, 
perhaps DuflSeld was also then already a fellow. He was one of 
,the fellows of lady Margery Roos' foundation. 




E have seen the foundation by Richard duke of Gloucester 

of four fellowships in Queens' college. His liberality 

towards the college is mentioned in the petition, which 

the university presented to him as Protector during the minority 

of Edward V.. on behalf of archbishop Rotherham the chancellor, 

who had been committed to the Tower for holding with the queen 

^1 dowager. It is also mentioned in a decree of the university dated 

116 March, 1 Ric. HI. 1483-4, for the observance of an annual 

'mass of Salus Populi, for the King's happy state during his life 

time, and after his death of exequi^ and a mass of requiem 

! (Cooper, Ann. i. 225, 228). We must now turn to those great 

endowments, which he bestowed on the college, after he became 

king. His reign dates from 26 June, 1483, and he was then of 

s the age of 30|- years. 

On 25 March, 1 Ric. III. 1484, the King granted his licence 
to the college to hold property in mortmain to the annual value 
of 700 marks (£466. 135. M.) by the following deed : 

EICARDUS, DEI GRATIA Rex Anglie et Francie et Domi- 
nus Hibernie, omnibus ad qtios presentes litere pervenerint Salutem. 
Sciatis quod de gratia nostra speciali (ad laudem gloi-iam et hon- 



96 

orem Omnipotentis Dei ac beatissiine et intemerate Virginis Marie 
matris Christi sanctorumque Margarete virginis et Bernardi con- 
fessoris, necnon ad singularem contemplationem Anne regine Anglie 
consortis nostre precarissime) concessimus et licentiam dedimus (ac 
per presentes concedimus et licentiam damns pro nobis et heredibus 
nostris quantum in nobis est) 

dilectis nobis in Cliristo magistro Andree Doket presidenti et 
sociis Reginalis collegii sancte Margarete et sancti Bernardi in 
universitate nostra Cantebrigg. quod de fundatione et patronatu 
prefate consortis nostre existit, (ut ipsi et successores siii specialius 
et eo devotius pro prospero statu nostro et prefate consortis nostre 
Anne regine Anglie precarissimique filii nostri primogeniti Edwardi 
principis "Wallie dum vixerimus et pro animabus nostris cum ab hac 
luce migraverimus, ac etiam pro animabus recolende memorie Ricardi 
nuper ducis Ebor. patris nostri precarissimi et Bicardi nuper comitis 
Warr. et Sar. patris ipsius consortis nostre necnon animabus no- 
bilium progenitorum nostrorum et omnium fidelium defunctorum 
apud Altissimum deprecentur et exorent) 

quod ipsi et successores sui presidentes et socii predicti terras 
tenementa redditus et possessiones necnon advocationes ecclesiarum 
et aliorum beneficiorum ecclesiasticorum quorumcumque, licet ea de 
nobis mediate vel immediate in capite, seu de aliis quibuscumque 
teneantur ad annuum valorem septingentarum marcarum per annum 
ultra reprisas perquirere recipere et habere possint et valeant de 
quacumque persona sive quibuscumque personis, ea eis et successori- 
bus suis dare legare concedere vel assignare volente seu volentibus, — 
habenda et tenenda sibi et successoribus suis presidenti et sociis 
collegii predicti in liberam puram et perpetuam elemosinam et 
sustentationem suam imperpetuum, 

Et eisdem personis quod ipsi vel eorum aliquis vel aliqui bujus- 
modi terras tenementa redditus annuitates et alias possessiones nee 
non advocationes ecclesiarum et aliorum beneficiorum ecclesiasti- 
corum quorumcumque ad annuum valorem predictarum septingen- 
tarum marcarum ultra reprisas eisdem presidenti et sociis et succes- 
soribus suis dare legare concedere vendere alienare et assignare 
possint et valeant, 

habenda et tenenda sibi et dictis successoribus suis (sicut predic- 
tum est) imperpetuum. 

Similiter licentiam dedimus et concessimus ac per presentes damus 
et concedimus specialem absque impetitione impedimento seu pertur- 



97 

ibatione nostri aut officiariorum ,seu Tninistronim nostrorum quorum- 
jcumqiie et absque alio brevi, seu aliquibus brevibus de 'Ad quod damp- 
num' seu aliis mandatis regiis in hac parte prosequendis aut aliquibus 
inquisitionibus virtute brevium seu mandatorum predictorum capiendis 
et in cancellariam nostram et heredum nostrorum retornandis aut 
aliis Uteris regiis patentibus superinde conficiendis seu habendis, 
statuto de terris et tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis 
sdito aut aliquo alio statuto actu ordinatione provisione seu restric- 
tione in contrarium factis sive editis non obstante. 

Et ulterius de uberiori gi-atia nostra ac ex certa scientia et 
mero motu nostris perdonavimus remisimus et relaxavimus eisdem 
presidenti et sociis omnimodas donationes alienationes et perquisi- 
tiones quoritmcunique terrarum tenem^ntorum annuitatum redituum 
Dossessionum advocationum ecclesiarum et aliorum beneficiorum 
jcclesiasticorum quorumcunque per ipsos presidentem et socios ante 
lec tempora ad manum mortuam factas €t habitas absque licentia 
:egia, necnon omnimodos intrusiones et ingressus in eadem ac 
)mnimodas transgression es et ofFensas nobis aut antecessoi'ibus seu 
aredecessoribus nostris per prefatos presidentem et socios in haQ 
oarte qualitercumque factas sive perpetratas una cum exitibus et 
oroficuis inde medio tempore perceptis, et hoc absque fine seu feodo 
lobis in banaperio seu alibi pro presentibus Uteris nostris seu aliis 
iuperinde (si necesse fuerit) im poster um conficiendis capiendo seu ad 
)pus nostrum solvendo. 

( In cujus rei testimonium has literas nostras fieri fecimus patentes. 
Teste meipso apud Notyngham vicesimo quinto die Marcii anno 
i'egni nostri primo. IvE. 

per breve de privato sigillo et de data predicta auctoritate 
)arliamenti. 



I On 5 July, 2 Eic. III. 1484, the king granted (' ad singu- 
ares contemplationem et requisitionem precarissime consortis 
lostre Anne reglne Anglie,' for maintaining the doctrine of the 
catholic faith in the "university of Cambridge,) to the queen's 
jollege of St Margaret and St Bernard, ' quod de fundatione 
;t patronatu prefate consortis nostre existit,' the manor of 
Dovesgrave (Cosgrove) Northamptonshire, and all his lands, 
■ents etc. in Sheldingthorp (Skellingthorp), Market Deeping, 
Barham (Barholme) and Stowe Lincolnshire, the manors of 

7 



98 

Newton Suffolk, of Stanford Berkshire, and of Buckby North- 
amptonshire. He also granted £110 per annum, viz. £60 from 
the feefarm of the town of Aylesbury Buckinghamshire, and 
£50 from the feefarm of the fair of St Ives Huntingdonshire. 

The deed is here appended : — 

RICARDXJS, DEI GRATIA Rex Anglie et Francie et Domi- 
nus Hibernie Omnibus ad quos presentes litere pervenerint Salutem. 

Sciatis quod nos — de gratia nostra speciali, ad laudem gloriam et 
honorem Omnipotentis Dei ac beatissime et intemerate Virginia : 
Marie matris Christi sanctorumque Margarete virginis et Bemardi 
confessoris, necnon ad contemplationem et requisitionem precarissime 
consortis nostre Anne regine Anglie, ad doctrinam fidei catholics in 
universitate nostra Cantebrigg. augmentandani manutenendam et ; 
sustentandam — dedimus et concessimus ac per presentes damns et 
concedimus pro nobis et heredibus nostris dilectis nobis in Christo 
magistro Andree Doket presidenti et sociis Reginalis coUegii sancte 
Margarete et sancti Bemardi, quod de fundatione et patronatn 
prefate consortis nostre existit, 

manerium de Covesgrave cum suis pertinentiis in com. North- 
ampton, 

ac omnia terras tenementa redditus reversiones et servicia nos- 
tra cum pertinentiis suis in Sheldingthorp, Market Deping, Barham 
et Stowe in com. Lincoln., 

ac manerium de Neuton cum suis pertinentiis in com. Suff. 

necnon dominium de Stanford cum suis pertinentiis in com. 
Berk. 

ac etiam dominium sive manerium de Buckby in com. North- 1 
ampton cum suis pertinentiis, — 

una cum feodis militum, advocationibus ecclesiarum hospitalium i 
capellarum cantariarum et aliorum beneficiorum ecclesiasticorum, t 
necnon aquis, boscis, subboscis, vivariis, piscariis, stagnis, molendinis, ^ 
parcis, warrennis, pratis, curiis, letis, visibus franci plegii, fiuibus, ' 
amerciamentis, heriettis, redditibus, serviciis, reversionibus cum >. 
ceteris libertatibus et commoditatibus quibuscumque eisdem dominiis 
et maneriis et eorum cuilibet pertinentibus seu spectantibus, — 

nee non centum et decern libras singulis annis imperpetuum 
percipiendas et habendas 

(videlicet, sexaginta libras inde habendas et annuatim percipi- 
endas de feodi firma ville de Aylesbury in com. Buk. per raanuB 



99 

ballivorum sive aliorum receptorum ibidem pro tempore existentium 
ad terminos sancti Michaelis et Pasclie per equales portiones, 

necnon quinquaginta libras inde residuas habendas et percipi- 
endas annuatim imperpetutim de feodi firma ferie sive nuiidinarum 
sancti Ivonis in com. Hunt, per manus ballivorum firmariorum 
sive aliorum officiariorum ibidem pro tempore existentium ad termi- 
nos prefatos per equales portiones), 

Habeuda tenenda et percipienda omnia et singula dominia 
maneria et tenementa redditus ac cetei'a premissa cum pertineutiis 
nee non dictas centum et decern libras annuas de feodi firmis dominii 
et manerii ac villarum predictarum prefatis presidenti et sociis 
collegii px'edicti et successoribus suis in liberam puram et perpetuam 
elemosinam ad sustentationem suam et ceterorum scolarium et 
capellanorum divina singulis diebus infra collegium predictum — pro 
prospero statu nostro et prelibate consortis nostre Anne regine 
Anglie dum vixerimus et pro animabus nostris cum ab hac luce 
migraverimus, ac etiam pro animabus recolende memorie Ricardi 
nuper ducis Ebor, patris nostri carissimi et Ricardi nuper comitis 
Warr. et Sar, patris ipsius consortis nostre, necnon animabus 
nobilium progenitorum nostrorum et antecessorum nostrorum et 
omnium fidelium defunctorum — imperpetuum celebraturorum et 
■ apud Altissimum deprecaturorum et ad alia onera ac misericordie 
et pietatis opera ibidem juxta ordinationes et statuta per nos in 
hac parte ordinanda et superinde statuenda manutenenda subeunda 
et supportanda, 

Statuto de terris et tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponen- 
I dis edito aut eo quod expressa mentio de certitudine et vero valore 
' premissorum aut de aliis donis sive concessionibus per nos aut pro- 
genitores nostros prefatis presidenti et sociis ante bee tempora 
factis in presentibus minime facta existit, aut aliquo statuto actu 
ordinatione provisione seu restrictione inde in contrarium edito 
facto sive ordinato non obstante. 

Et boc absque fine et feodo inde ad opus nostrum in hanaperio 
; nostro seu alibi capiendis seu solvendis. 
I ■ In cujus rei testimonium lias literas nostras fieri fecimus patentes. 

Teste me ipso apud Westmonasterium quinto die Julii anno 
, regni nostri secundo Davyson 

per breve de privato sigillo et de data predicta auctoritate 
parliaments 

• I. -: ^ - 7—2 



100 

Some of these estates belonged originally to Anne daughter 
of Kichard Beauchamp, earl of Warwick and Albemarle (ob. 
1439), and sister of Henry duke of Warwick (ob. 1445). She 
married Kichard Nevill, eldest son of Eichard Nevill earl of 
Salisbury, who in 1449 on the death of Anne daughter and 
heir to the duke of Warwick was created earl of Warwick, 
and became possessed of all the estates of his brother-in-law, 
and who was killed fighting against Edward IV. at the battle 
of Barnet in 1471. ' After his death, his countess underwent 
no little distress, being constrained to take sanctuary in the 
abbey of Beaulieu in Hampshire, where she continued for a 
long time in a very mean condition; and thence privately 
got into the north, where also she abode in great straights; 
all her vast inheritance being by authority of parliament' (Rot 
Pari. 14. Ed. 4. n. 20) 'taken from her, and settled upon 
Isabel and Anne, her two daughters and heirs, as if she her- 
self had been naturally dead' (Dugdale, Bar. i. 248. 306). Of 
these Isabella was the duchess of Clarence, having married in 
1469 George brother of Edward IV, while Anne was wife 
first of Edward prince of Wales, who was killed after the 
battle of Tewkesbury 1471, and afterwards (in 1473) of Kichard 
duke of Gloucester. It was out of these lands of the countess of 
Warwick thus in the possession of queen Anne, that Kichard III. 
granted to the college the manor of Covesgrave, the lordship of 
Stanford, and other estates. 

This grant must have been intended some time previously 
to the date of the above deed, as it is mentioned in the fol- 
lowing terms in the decree of the University of 16 March, 
1 Kic. III. 1483-4 acknowledging the king's various bene- 
factions : ' Whereas the most renowned Prince the King of 
England and France and Lord of Ireland, after the conquest 
the Third, has conferred very many benefits upon this his 
University of Cambridge, and especially has lately liberally 
and devoutly founded exhibition for four priests in the Queens' 
college: and now also the most serene Queen Anne, consort 
of the same Lord the King (that most pious King consenting 
and greatly favouring) has augmented and endowed the same 
college with great rents....' (Cooper, Ann. i. 228-9). 



loi 

This decree is dated nearly four months before the king's 
patent. 

In the inventory of college plate of 1544 [Misc. A. fo. 39 b.] 
this item occurs : 

Item antiquum sigillum argenteum ex dono Ricardi scdi R. 
Anglie insculptum porcellis seu apris. 

The word ' secundi ' is evidently a clerical error for * tertii,' 
as a boar was not Richard II's badge, and the college was not 
in existence in his time. This seal has long been lost, and no 
impression of it has been found. 

Eichard III. also gave to the chapel many vestments for the 
officiating clergy. 

Fuller {Hist, of the Univ. sub anno 1448) ascribes to him 
the grant of another coat of arms, which the college bears : 

* No Colledge in England hath such exchange of Coats of Armes 
as this hath, giving sometimes the Armes of Jeo'usalem (with many 
others quartered therewith) assigned by Queen Margaret, their first 
Foundresse. It giveth also another distinct coat, (viz.) a Crosier, 
and Pastorall Staffe Saltyre, piercing through a Boars head in the 
midst of the Shield. This I humbly conceive bestowed upon them 
by Richard the third (when iindertaking the Patronage of this 
foundation) in allusion to the Boar, which was his Crest; and 
wherein those Church implements disposed in Saltyre or in form of 
St. Andrews Crosse, might in their device relate to Andrew Duclcet 
so much meriting of this foundation. However at this day the 
Colledge waves the wearing of this Coat, laying it up in her Ward- 
robe, and makes use of the former only.' 



I As the bursars' books first begin in 1484, it is only here 
; and there that we meet with a notice of members of Queens' 
college before that year. 

The only fellows (besides the very earliest ones) whose 
i names occur, are the fellows of lady Margery Eoos mentioned 
' in her will : Dr Thomas Duffield, Mr John Rypplyngham, Dr 
Thomas Mawdislay, Mr Bewice, and possibly Mr William New- 
man : the three last are not elsewhere mentioned as fellows of 
; Queens' college. 



102 

Kalph Scrope, Ralph Shaw, Walter Oudeby, Thomas Wil- 
kinson, and William Bond, clerks, who are mentioned in dif- 
ferent deeds as closely connected with the college, were probably 
also fellows. 

In the list of proctors we find Ralph Songer in 1475, and 
Gerald Borell in 1477, who were fellows in 1484. 

In bishop Gray's register we find no mention of members of 
Queens' college ordained between 14G4 and 1477 except perhaps 
Ralph Songar who is however described as ' Socius Collegii 
Regal. Cantebr.' (MS. Add. [Cole] 5826, p. 202). 

' An. 1465 Mr Henricus Cacus, Prior S. Marias de Overesse 
et quondam de Collegio Regin. incipit in Theologia' (MS. 
Baker, xlii. 159. Grace book A). This was probably the same 
as Henry de Burton, who became Prior in 1462 and died 1486 
(Dugd. Mon. ed. Caley, vi. 169. Information from C. H. Cooper 
esq.). ^ 

Hugh Oldham, bishop of Exeter 1504-19 is said to have 
been a member of Queens' college (Cooper, Ath. i. 21. Oliver, 
Exeter, 117). He does not appear to have been a benefactor to 
the college, though so liberal a contributor towards the founda- 
tion of Corpus Christi college Oxford and the founder of a free 
school at Manchester. 

In the first grace book of the university (A) We find the 
dates of the degrees of several persons, who were fellows in 
1484. 



During the presidentship of Andrew Doket the College 
made use of two difierent seals. 

The first which in character resembles that of St Bernard's 
college dates probably from 1448. It is circular, 2| in. in 
diameter and bears the following inscription in gothic letters. 

_ ^igniu toe p'stont* I socior'.* colkgii wgmalCs m margarete t 
set fjnnartfi tre cantcbrig : 

In the centre of the field St Margaret, thrusting her crozier 
into the dragon's mouth, and St Bernard with his book and 



103 

pastoral staflf stand side by side tinder handsome canopies. 
Beneath them are the arms of Lorraine. The president kneels 
on the sinister, the four fellows on the dexter side of the shield. 
At the sides of the centre canopies are two much smaller ones 
filled with angels kneeling in adoration. The workmanship is 
very good. . 

I The second seal dates probably from the time when queen 

Elizabeth Wydeville assumed the patronage. It is a little 

arger than the previous one. Its inscription in gothic letters is 

SbigiUu colkgti wginah's: scor' tnatgarett tt btxnmXii can= 
tebn'gie : 

i In the centre, St Margaret and St Bernard stand under 

canopies, and at the sides are other canopies containing figures 

holding shields, that on the dexter side containing the arms of 

England, that on the sinister side those of Wydeville. Below 

jthe two saints is a shield with the arms of London. 

! The workmanship is somewhat inferior to that of the earlier 

seal. 




104 




Nov. 1484— Apr. 1505. 
2 Ric. III.— 20 Hen. VII. 

|NDREW DOKET died 4 Nov. 1484, and, as we 
have seen, recommended in his will Thomas Wil- 
kynson as his successor in the presidentship : ' Quan- 
tum in me est precipio omnibus sociis dicti collegii, 
ut meum post decessum eligant in presidentem dicti collegii 
meum successorem magistrum Thomam Wilkynson.' 

The statutes of 1475 enjoin the election of the new president 
on the eighth day after a vacancy, so that we may assume 
11 Nov. as the day of Thomas Wilkynson's accession to the 
presidentship. He was not in Cambridge at the time, as in the 
bursars' accounts of 1484-85 (I. M. J. fo. 31.) we find this item: 

Item pro expensis servi mri Johannis Kepplyngham, equitantis 
pro Eoagistro ad suam electionem ijl iiij**. 

The college of Thomas Wilkynson and the dates of his de- 
grees are not anywhere recorded ; he is described on his monu- 
mental brass as M.A., yet he seems to have taken the degree of 
B.D. in 1479 from the following notice in Grace Book A, p. 58. 
(in the office of the registrary of the university) under that year : 

Concess. M, Wilkynson quod possit in<;ipere in theologia. 

It is not impossible that he had been a fellow of Queens' 
college, as in a deed of 1480 he is associated with J. Ripplingham 
and Ralph Songar, who were undoubtedly fellows. 

At the time of his election he held the rectory of Harrow- 
on-the-hiU^ a sinecure to which he had been presented 5 Feb. 



105 

1478-9 by Cardinal Bourchier, on the death of Thomas Win- 
terbourne, dean of St Paul's (Newcourt i, 637). 

Besides the rectory of Harrow-on-the-hill, Thomas Wil- 
kynson also held the rectory of Orpington, Kent, and the 
prebend of Studley Magna in the collegiate church of St Peter, 
and St Wilfrid at Ripon. He was appointed rector of Orping- 
ton in 14,.., and resided there in part, as appears from the follow- 
ing entry in the bursars' accounts (I. M. J. 1497-98, fo. 121). 

Item in expensis m^. J. Jenyn [the senior bursar] in itinera ad 
Horpington, ut patet per billam x^ i''. 

The prebend of Ripon church, vacant Sept. 1510 by the 
death of Richard Bryndholm, he obtained on 11 Jan. 1510-1, 
after he had ceased to be president of Queens' college. 

He resided chiefly at Harrow, whence he visited the college 
for elections to fellowships, Stourbridge fair, and the audits : 

I. M. J. 1493-91 fo. 85. Item pro expensis Tho^ Pate [biblio- 
tiste] equitantis in Harwe ad presidentem collegti ij^ ix**. 

1494-95. fo. 94. b. Item solutum magistro nostro quum venit pro 
electione sociorum pro expensis suis xiij\ iiij^ 

I. M. J. 1501-02. fo. 148. Item Johannis Lane pro feno equorum 
M. presidentis in nundinis Sterbrig. anno xvj° regis nunc ij^ iij* 

1503-04. fo. 164. b. Pro vino efc succar' et serevisia tempore quo 
M'. president erat hie in quadrag' V. 

Uxori Roberti Cori pro lotione vestium M. presidentis erga ad- 
ventum ejus ad nundinas et pro expolitione pelvis et lavatorii et 
candelabri iiij\ 

fo. 165. [Mro Yomanj pro vino pro M. presidente tempore nun- 
dinarum Sterbrigge viij**. 

1504-05, fo. 178. b. Item pro expensis mri Wilkynson, tunc 
presidentis, tempore quo erat Cantibrigie propter electionem sociorum 
[Easter 1505. 23 March] ut patet per billam xxv^ vii**. 

After the election, John Ripplingham and William Thur- 
kylle, the executors of Andrew Doket's will, renounced their 
trust, and letters of administration were granted 23 Apr. 1485 
by Thomas Tuppyn, D.D. vice-chancellor of the university, to 
Mr Wilkynson, the president, and Ralph Songer, Dionysius 
Spycer, and Hugh Trotter, clerks, and all and singular the 
fellows of the college. 




106 

|HE presidentship of Mr Wilkynson began under most 
favourable auspices for the prosperity of the college. 
Richard duke of Gloucester, who had shewn so much 
favour to the college, had lately (26 June 1483) ascended the 
throne ; in order to strengthen his position, he strove to pro- 
pitiate the clergy and people of England by munificent grants 
for religious and educational purposes, and his queen maintain^ 
ing the position of foundress and patroness of the college, which 
seemed to have become a tradition with the queens of England, 
was pleased to continue the good offices of her predecessors to- 
wards it. ' After this bloody act. King Richard endeavoured to 
render himself popular. First, by making good laws in that 
sole Parliament kept in his Reign,... yet this would not ingra- 
tiate this Usurper with [the people], the dullest nostrils resent- 
ing it done, not for love of vertue, but his own security... Next 
he endeavoured to work himself into their good will, by erecting 
and endowing of Religious Houses; so to plausiblelize himself, 
especialy among the Clergy.... He is said also to have given to 
Queens College in Cambridge five hundred marks of yearly 
rent {Stow in his Annals, p. 470); though at this time, I believe, 
the College receives as little benefit by the Grant, as Richard 
had right to grant it. For, it was not issued out of his own 
purse, but given out of the lands of his enemy, the unjustly 
proscribed Earl of Oxford; who being restored by Henry the 
Seventh, made a resumption thereof (Fuller, Ch. Hist, sub 
anno 1484). 

And R. Parker in his Skeletos (Leland, Collect. [Hearne] V. 
226) says, 'Nee his contentus, ut aliquo sanctitatis artificio 
crudelitatis su£e maculam expungeret, pergrande illud ac hono- 
rarium Johannis Vere 13*" Comitis Oxonii patrimonium cum 
omnibus Dominiis, Maneriis, Castris et Feodis, quia S. Mi- 
chaelis montem in Cornwallia contra Edwardum 4*"™ in belli 
sedem elegerit, ac Lancastriensi familise semper tenaciter adhse- 
serat, Collegio huic donavit. Quod tamen Henricus Septimus 
regale solium expetens, quasi hereditarium Comiti restituit' 

As we have seen, some part at least of the estates granted 
in 1484 had belonged to the queen's mother, the countess 
of Warwick. 



107 

The grant made to the college was a very large one, but 
more in appearance than in reality, as on 1 March, 2 Ric. III. 
1484-5 the college granted to William Catesby, ' armiger pro 
corpore domini regis', and to John Catesby of Olthorp a per- 
petual lease of the manor and advowson of Buckby with 1000 
acres of land, 1000 acres of pasture, 100 acres of wood, and 
' viginti libratas redditus ' in Buckby for the sum of £60 per 
annum. Besides on 3 March the college granted to William 
Catesby a life annuity of £4 out of this rent, ' pro bono concilio 
et favore, que dictus Willelmus nobis impendit, et de ipso in 
posterum habere confidimus.' The first of the two deeds is as 
follows: 

Hec indentura facta primo die Martii anno regni regis Kicardi tercii 
post conquestum Anglie secundo inter presidentem et socios Regirialis 
collegii sancte Margarete et sancti Barnardi confessoris in universi- 
tate domini regis Cant, ex una parte et "Wyllelmum Catysby armi- 
gerum pro corpore dicti domini regis et Johannem Catysby de 
Olthorp ex altera parte testatur, Quod predict! presidens et socii eorum 
communi assensu et consensu per presentes dederunt concesserunt 
et confirmaverunt prefatis Willelmo et Johanni manerium de Bukby 
cum pertinentiis et advocationem ecclesie ejusdem manerii ac mille 
acras terre mille acras pasture centum acras bosci et viginti libratas 
redditus cum pertinentiis in Bukby in com. North., Habenda et 
tenenda manerium advocationem et tenementa predicta cum perti- 
nentiis prefatis Willelmo et Johanni heredibus et assignatis suis 
imperpetuum, reddendo inde annuatim eisdem president! et sociis 
et successoribus suis sexaginta libras ad festa Pasche et sancti 
Michaelis archangel! equis portionibus : et si contingat redditum 
ipredictum a retro fore in parte vel in toto dictis president! et sociis 
aut eorum successoribus ad aliquod festiim quo (ut premittitur) solvi 
debeat non solutum, tunc bene licebit eisdem president! et sociis 
iet successoribus suis in manerio et tenementis predictis et in qualibet 
inde parcella pro hujusmod! redditu a retro existente distringere et 
districtiones sic captas abducere efFugare et retinere quousque de 
redditu illo sic a retro existente eis plene solutum fuerit et satis- 
factum. Et quotiens contingat redditum predictum a retro fore in 
parte vel in toto per spatium dimidii unius ann! post aliquod festum 
quo solvi debeat (ut predictum est) prefatis president! et sociis et 
eorum successoribus non solutum, totiens predict! Willelmus Catysby 



108 

et Johannes heredes vel assignati sui reddent de eisdem manerio et 
tenementis prefatis president! et sociis et successoribus suis quinque 
libras legalis monete nomine pene et totiens bene licebit eisdem 
president! et sociis et successoribus suis in manerio et tenementis 
predictis et in qualicet inde parcella pro bujusmodi quinque libris 
distringere et districtiones proinde captas abducere effugare et penes 
se retinere quousque eis de eisdem quinque libris plene solutum 
fuei'it et satisfactum : Et ulterius predict! presidens et soeii per 
presentes constituerunt et in loco suo posuerunt Willelmum Staverton 
et Thorn am Norys suos veros et legitimes atturnatos conjunctim et 
divisim ad intrandum in predictum manerium terras et tenementa 
ac seisinam et possessionem inde eorum nominibus et vice capiendum 
et post hujusmod! ingressum et seisinam sic inde capfcos et habitos 
ad deliberandum inde plenam seisinam et possessionem prefatis 
Willelmo Catysby et Johanni Catysby juxta vim formam et effectum 
presentis indenture. In cujus re! testimonium un! parti presentium 
indenturarum penes predictos Willelmum Catesby et Johannem re- 
manent! predict! presidens et soci! sigillum suum commune apposue- 
runt : alter! vero parti earundem indenturarum penes eosdem presi- 
dentem et socios remanent! predict! Willelmus Catesby et Johannes 
sigilla sua apposuerunt. Datum die et anno supradictis. 

' (Misc. A. fo. 18. b.) 

The second deed is to the following effect: 

Omnibus Christ! fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit, 
presidens et soci! Eeginalis collegii sancte Margarete et sancti 
Bernard! confessoris in universitate domini regis Cant. Salutem. 
Cum nos diet! presidens et soci! nuper per scriptum nostrum 
indentatum cujus data est primo die Martii ultimo preterito dederi- 
mus et concesserimus Willelmo Catysby armigero pro corpore domini 
regis et Johanni Catysby de Ollthorp manerium de Bukby cum 
pertinentiis et advocationem ecclesie ejusdem manerii ac mille acras 
terre mille acras pasture centum acras bosci et viginti libratas red- 
ditus cum pertinentiis in Bukby in com. Northampt., Habenda 
et tenenda eisdem Wyllelmo et Johanni heredibus et assignatis suis 
imperpetuum et reddendo inde nobis et successoribus nostris sexa- 
ginta libras ad festa Pasche et sancti Michaelis archangel! equis por- 
tionibus, prout in scripto illo plenius continetur, Sciatis nos prefatos 
presidentem et socios pro bono concilio et favore que dictus WU- 
lelmus nobis impendit et de ipso in posterum habere confidimus, con- 



! 109 

cessisse eidem Willelmo pro termino vite sue qiiaUior libras annua- 
tim de predicto redditti sexaginta libraruin, Habendas et percipiendas 
ac in manibus ipsius Willelmi retinendas iiij"'' libras illas eidem 
Willelmo ad eundem terminum vite sue ad festa predicta equis por- 
tionibus. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti scripto nostro si- 
gillum nostrum commune apposuimus. Datum tercio die Martii anno 
regni regis Ricardi tertii post conquestum secundo. 

(Misc. A. fo. 18.) 

In Dec. 1484 ' the president and felowes of the Quenes 
College of Gantebrigge' liad ' a Prive Scale to the Chauncellere 
of England and to the Maister of the Rolls for the amendment 
of their Patents of the Lands granted to the said place; by 
raising out certain words and inserting others in their stede' 
;(MS. Harl. 433 fo. 87). 

' On . . Feb. 2 Eic. III. 148i-5 the president and fellows had 
;a pardon of £20 due to the king, for licence to accord with the 
queen in a plea of covenant of 4000 acres of land (MS. Harl. 
433 fo. 96 b). 

On 11 Feb. 2 Eic. III. 1484-5 the king gave 'commaund- 
ment to the Baillieffe of Cosgrave to pay to the president and 
felowes of the Quenes colledge of Gantebrigge alle such arrerags 
ias er behinde of the said lordshipe' (MS. Harl. 433 fo. 207). 

, On 2-3 January, 1484-5, the college granted the right of 
presentation of the rectory of Stanford Berkshire, for the next 
turn to Eobert Eipplingham, clerk, and Eobert Maljard, mer- 
chant of Scarborough. The former was brother of John Eipp- 
lingham, the fellow of the college who in 1480 was deputed to 
iprocure a copy of the pardon of 1473, and who at this time was 
one of the priests of king Eichard's foundation. They were 
sons of William Eipplingham of Kingston-upon-Hull, merchant 
of the staple of Galais, and were (according to the monumental 
brass at Stretham Gambridgeshire, of their mother Joan who 
remarried to John Swan and died 1497) both rectors of Stretham 
(Cooper, Ath. i. 20. 525). 

j Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit, 
nos Thomas Wylkynson presidens et soeii coUegii Reginalis sancto- 



110 

rum Margarete et Bernardi Cant6brigie, Salutem in Eo qui est om- 
nium vera salus. Noveritis nos presidentem et socios antedictos 
unanimi consensu pariter et assensu concessisse et hoc presenti scripto 
nostro confirmasse Roberto Rypplyngham clerico et Roberto Malyard 
mercatori de Scarborowe, primam et proximam vacationem et presen- 
tationem rectorie nostre ecclesie parocbialis de Stanford in comitatu 
Berk., cum rectoria ilia per mortem cessionem resignationem priva- 
tionem sive dimissionem jam incumbentis seu quovis alio modo 
proxime vacare contigerit, Habendam et tenendam prefatis Roberto 
et Roberto ac eorum alteri pro prima et proxima vacatione et una 
sola vice tantum, Ita quod bene liceat et licebit eisdem Roberto et 
Roberto ac eorum alteri quamcunque pei-sonam sive clericum ydo- 
neum ad rectoriam predictam (cum sic proxime vacare contigerit) 
nomine nostro loci illius diocesano sive in ejus absentia cuicunque 
alteri potestatem liabenti et pro tempore existenti presentare et no- 
minare, ac personam sive clericum ilium in rectorem perpetuum dicte 
rectorie ecclesie predicte cum suis juribus et pertinentiis universis ad 
legitime instituendum et inducendum facere absque aliqua reclama- 
tione contradictione seu variatione nostris seu successorum nostrorum 
in futurum. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti scripto nostro 
sigillum nostrum commune unanimi consensu nostro apposuimus. 
Datum apud Cant, predictam vicesimo iij° die niensis Januarii anno 
regni regis Ricardi tertii post conquestum Anglie secundo. 

(Misc. A. fo. 18.) 

The time during whicli the college possessed the lands of the 
king's gift was very short, as the grant was made 5 July, 1484, 
and the king was killed 22 Aug. 1485 ; hence the only accounts 
of these estates that exist refer to the half-year from Michael- 
mas 1484 to Easter 1485 ; the second half-year's accounts to 
Michaelmas were never begun, the property having apparently 
at once reverted to the original owners or their representatives. 

I. M. J. fo. 1. Imprimis recepimus de Johanne abbate monasterii 
beate Marie de Ramesey pro feria et residue ferie Sancti 
Yvonis pro termino sancti Michaelis xxv'\ 

Item de dominio de Stanefoi'de et de preposito ejusdem 
ville xxxij'\ xV. 

Item de ballivo de Depyng, Barthawme, Stowe et Sheldyn- 
thorp ix''. ix°. yj''. 

Item de ballivo de Alysbery xxx"*. 



Mi 



Ill 

Item de ballivo de Newton in comitatii Suff. xi''. 

Item de M. W. Catesby pro firma feodi de Bukby in Com. 

North xx". 

Item de E-uggely ballivo de Covesgrave in Comitatu 

North iiij". xiij'. iiij^ 

Summa cxxxij". xvij^ x'^. 

The yearly value therefore was £265. 15s. 8c?., a very 

large income for a time when the value of the fellowships of 

the king's previous foundation was only £8 a year, while for 

many years later the yearly income of the college did not 

■ exceed £200. 

• ' The king apparently intended to give the college a fresh 
body of statutes, or at least to supplement those of 1475 by a 
set regulating the new endowment, as in his grant to the 
college we find that its revenues were to be applied ' juxta ordi- 
nationes et statuta per nos in hac parte ordinanda et superiude 

I statuenda manutenenda subeunda et supportanda.' 

The expences attending the king's gift were very great, 
thus I. M. J. fo. 1. b, we find, 

Inprimis m™ Johanni Replyngham pro expensis suis circa eadem 

dominia et inplacitationes eorundera xlix^. iij^ viij'^. 

Item M. Hugoni Trotter pro expensis suis circa eadem 

dominia vj'\ xv*. 

Item 4°^^ magistris equitantibus apud Notyngham cum domino 

rege pro eadem materia (ma''') ex mandato regis xh 

Item mro Clementi pro labore suo ad instructiones faciendas xv^ 
Item pro expensis mri Replyngham apud London per triginta dies 

pro finibus solvendis pro eisdem dominiis vj". viij**. ob. 

Item secretario domini regis pro Uteris regiis xvj^ viij^ 

Item clerico mri Catesby pro scriptura indenturarum ... iijl iiij**. 

Item pro privato sigillo vj°. viij**. 

Item pro acquietancia mri Catesby iij"*. 

Item pro iudeuturis inter collegium et furni Catesby iij^ i"*. 

Item clerico mri Hyham pro labore suo ij\ viij"*. 

The total of the page is £68. 12s. 3|d 



112 

In the first bursars' day-book (T. M. J.) the accounts of the 
'antiqua dotatio' (comprising the private foundations and the 
duke of Gloucester's gift) and of the ' nova dotatio' are kept 
separately: the latter on fo. 1-12. On fo. 4 we find : 

Solutiones coinmuniarum pro sociis ex fundatibrie Anne regine 
post festum annunciationis et sisationum pro dietis eorundem 
sociorum. 

Inprimis in septimana annunciationis beati Marie vel ra- 
tnis palm arum numero sociorum xv et s' pro q°libet 
semper xij'^ xv^ vj*. 

Item pro sisatione collegii eadem sep^ vij**. ob. q*. 

It' in sep* Pasche pro xj sociis xj^ 

It' pro sisatione collegii vij^ 



It' in sep* assentionis pro cois xxix xxix«. 

It' pro sisatione collegii iiij'. ix*. ob. q. 



It' in sep''. SCI Thoe pro cois xxxiij xxxiij'. 

It' pro sisatione collegii i*^. ob. 



Whether from these extracts we may infer that there were 
as many as 33 fellows of queen Anne's foundation or not, it 
seems difiicult to say. The number is large, and the income of 
the foundation would hardly provide a stipend equal to that of 
the rest of the society. 

No name of any fellow of the foundation of queen Anne has 

come down to us, except Uldall. 

I. M. J. fo. 12 b. Titulus solutionum sociorum ex fundatione 

Anne regine Anglie 
It' solutum est D. Uldall per manus inri Johannis Replyng- 

ham vj'. viij*. 

On 16 March 1484-5 died Anne Neville queen of Eichard 
III., being (as in the following reign was believed) poisoned to 
make way for his marriage with Elizabeth, the eldest daughter 
of his brother King Edward IV. 

We find the following reference to the queen's death : 
I. M. J. fo. 2. Item pro expensis...m" Hugonis [Trotter] equi- 
tantis London, per tres dies cum magistro, tempore mortis 
regine Anne et conductu equorum iiij^ ij • 



113 

Item pro expensis m" Replyngham idem, tempore mortis 
regine xix^ iiij''. 

Fo. 7 b. Inprimis pro oblationibus ad 4°"' missas solemniter 
celebratas iufra mensem post mortem regine Anne xiij**. 

In the bursars' accounts of the 'nova dotatio' during the 
reign of E,i chard III. we find the following items : — • 

I. M. J. 1484-85, fo. 10. Imprimis pro expensis mri presidentis in 

supervisione dominiorum per mensem vj". xij^ xj^ 

Item m" Gree eunti London, in negotiis collegii cum consilio 

regio x^ 

i Item m" Hugoni Trotter eunti London, se 2'^" xj dies in 
I - negotiis collegii cum consilio regio pro terris cum conductu 

equorum per xj dies xviij^ ij**. 

Item mro Ricardo Straytberytt pro expensis suis London, per 3®' 
sept''", se 2° cum conductu equorum cum consilio regio... xxij^ 

A further reference to the Yorkist dynasty is under the head 
of 'Titulus exequiarum antique dotationis'. 

I. M. J. 1484-85, fo. 27 b. Item pro exequus duels Ebor'... xvij'*. 

By the duke of Gloucester's deed of gift the exequi£e of 
his father the duke of York were to be observed on the eve 
of St Sylvester 30 Dec. 

S has been said, the time during which the college 
held possession of the last gift of Richard was very 
short : for once more the house of York had to give 
place to the rival line, and on 22 Aug. 1485 the battle of 
Bosworth-field gave the English crown to Henry, earl of 
Richmond : by his marriage with Elizabeth of York, daughter 
of Edward IV. and queen Elizabeth Wydeville, he obtained 
an additional title to the throne, while the parliament which 
met at Westminster on 7 Nov. 1485, tired of war and change, 
and disgusted with the miseries of the last thirty years, was 
only too eager to confirm him in his possession of it by the 
act conferring the crown on him. 

And now the prosperity which had depended on Richard's 
life came to an end. All the estates with which he had 




114 

endowed the college as duke and as king were taken away 
from it, * the college no whit grieving thereat, as sensible no 
■ endowment can be comfortable, which consists not with equity 
and honour' (Fuller). 

In the first parliament of Henry VII. which met 7 Nov. 1485 
the earl of Oxford on his petition was restored to all his 
possessions and honours {Rot. Pari. 1 Hen. VII. m. 10), and 
all grants made by his mother's feoffees to the duke of Gloucester 
were declared void. 

The following extract from the petition refers to the lands 
which the duke had given to the college : — 

Furthermore, where Elizabeth late Countess of Oxenford de- 
cessed, moder of the said John Yeer, whose heire he is, for the true 
and faithfuU Allegeaunce and service, the whiche as well shee, as the 
same John Veer, owed and did to the forsaid most blessed Prince 
King Herrie, was so manassed, put in feare of her lyfe, and ympri- 
soned by Richai'd the III late in dede and not of right King of 
England, whilsh hee was Duke of GIouc' in such tyme as the same 
John Veer was not att his Libertee, but in Prisone, for that drede, 
and by meane of the same, the same Countess, in Salvacion of her 
Lyfe was compelled to do and make, and cause her FeoflFees to do and 
make, such State, Releases and Confirmacons and other thynges, 
to thesaid late Duke of Glouc' and other to his use, of divers Lord- 
shipps, Manuors, Lands, Tennements and Hereditaments of inheret- 
aunce, as by the same late Duke and his Councell was advised, as hit 
is notoriously and openly known e, ayenst all reason and good con- 1 
science ; whereby the said John Veer, is likely to be disinherit of > 
grete part of his inheritaunce, unless some remedie be for him pro- 1 
vided by auctoritee of Parlement in thys behalf. Please hit youre ( 
Highness... to ordeine establish and enacte that all Estates, Releases,; 
Confirmacons and other things doone or made or suffered to be done ' 
or made, by the said Countess or by anie Feoffee or Feoffees anie f 
tyme to her use, of any Castles, Lordships, Manners, Landes, Tenne- < 
ments, or Hereditaments, of her or of any other to hir use to the for- ' 
said late Duke of Glouc', or to any other to his use, be utterly voide, 
and of no force ne effecte. {Rot. Pari. vi. 281. Pro comite Oxon' 
et al'.) 



115 

In order to take away all doubt as to the countess' rights, 
in the parliament of 1495 the following act was passed : — 

11 Hm. VII. c. 38. 
Pro comite Oxen. 
To the right discrete comons in this present parliament assembled. 
: Where Elizabeth Countesse of Oxenford decessed, Moder to John 
Qowe Erie of Oxenford, whose heire he is, and divers persones feoffees 
to her use, of and in divers Manoris, Londs, Tenementis and other 
Hei'editamentis with their appertenaunces of her enheritaunce, weer by 
Richard late in dede and not of right King of Englond, while he was 
Duke of Gloucetir, of his inordynate covetyse and ungodely dispo- 
sicion, for the true and feithfull alliegeaunge and service the whiche 
isweil she, as John late Erie of Oxenford her husbond, as the seid 
aowe Erie then not at his libertie, owed and did to the moste blessid 
ind cristen Prince King Henry the vj*", enforsed by greate threttis 
ind heynous manasse of losse of lyfe and by imprisonement, to doo 
ind make suche estates releasses confirmacions and other thinges 
;0 the seid late Duke and other to his nse, as the seid late Duke 
ind his councell wold advyse; In cousideracion wherof at a 
)arliament holden at Westminster the vij'' day of November the first 
/ere of the raign of the King our Sovereign Lorde that now is, 
jt was ordeyned and stablisshed by auctorite of the same parlia- 
nent amonge other thingis that all states releasses confirmacions 
md other thmgis don and made or sufired to be don or made by 
he seid Countesse, or by any feofiee or feofiees at any tyme to her 
ise, of any Castellis Manoris Londes Tenementis or Hereditamentis 
io the seid Duke of Gloucetyr or any other to his use, shuld 
)e utterly voide and of noe force ne efiecte, as in the same acte is 
ixpressed more at large; and hou be it that then it was and yet 
^s pleynly and notoriusly knowen by greate parte of this Realme, 
hat suche states releasses confirmacions and other thingis as wears 
nade by the seid Countes and her seid feofiees, of her inheritaunce to 
he seid Duke, were made by compulcion cohercion and emprisone- 
aent as is before seid, yet ther was noe mencion made of recorde of 
ny witnesse or prove therof, the which myght remayne hereafter to 
he perpetuell evidence and knowledge of the same, Therfor their be 
omen at thynstaunce and desire of the said Erie into this present 
larliament divers WorshipfuU and credible pei-sones, that is to sey, 
ames Tyrell Knyght, John Risley Knyght, William Tuustall, 

8—2 



116 

William Paston, John Power, esquiers, and Kerry Robson gentilman, j 
whiche testyfie and witnesse, that the seid estates releasses confirma- ; 
cions and other thinges were made aswell by the seid Countesse as . 
by her seid feoffees, by compulcion cohercion and ymprisonement 
and other jeoberdies and daungers put to fchem in that behalfe; In | 
Consideracion of all which by advyse and assent of the Lordes spi- '< 
rituell and temporell and the Comons in this present parliamt > 
assembled and by thauctorite of the same, it be enacted ordeyned i 
and establisshed that the forseid acte made in the forseid parliament:; 
holden the forseid vij'*^ day of Novembr the forseid first yere, be ratified -; 
confermed and in full strength and vertue ; and all astates releasses - 
confirmacions and other thinges made by the seid Countesse or any ;l 
bther feoffee or feoffes to her use, be utterly voide and of no force ' 
ne effecte; And also that all states releasses titles possessions and , 
discentes made growen or had, after the forseid states releasses con- i 
firmacions and other thingis made by the seid Countesse or any ! 
feoffe or feoffees to her use of or in any parte of the premysses and j 
before the forseid acte made in the said parliament holden the seid 
vij'^ day of Novembr be voide and of noe force ne effecte, and be not [ 
to the seid nowe Erie nor his heires hurtfuU ne prejudicial!. 

Savyng to every of the Kings liege people, other then such whose i 
title therof or any parte therof had begynnyng after the said states | 
releases confirmacions and other things made by the said Countesse, 
or her seid feoffees, to the seid Duke or any other to his use, and 
before the seid acte made in the seid parliament holden the said vij'" 
day, such right title and interesse as they or any of them myght haveu 
had, if this acte were not made ne hadde. 

We Jamys Tyrell, John Eisley Knightis, William Tunstall,; 
William Paston, John Power Esquiers, and Kerry Robson gentil-i; 
man, and every of us, seyen and depose as wee woll answere before 
God upon our conscience, that all astates releasses and confirmacionsi 
and other thingis made as well by Elizabeth Countesse of Oxenfordj 
late moder to John Erie of Oxenford that nowe is as by all hei 
feoffees seised to her use, of and in all suche Castellis Manoris Lord', 
shippes Londes and Tenementes, Rentes service and other heredita^tj 
mentis, which were of her enheritaunce to Richard late Duke o, 
Glouc. and to every other persone or persones by hym named anti 
assigned, were by cohercion compulcion and ther jeopardies anc 
daungiers put to the seid Countesse and her seid feoffees in tha^i 
behalfe by the seid late Duke. Subscriptio testium. Rysley sir J 



117 

Jamys Tyrell. William Pastou. John Power. Heny Robson. 
Also I William Tiinstall depose as I will aunswere before God after 
my conscience, that the seid Countesse and her feoffees was compelled 
as is aforesaid. 

{Statutes of the Reahn, ii. 605). 

Elizabeth countess of Oxford, as has been ah-eadj men- 
tioned, was wife of John II. earl of Oxford, who was beheaded 
26 Feb. 1461-2. Their son was John III., who in 1470 took 
part with the Lancastrian party, and after the battle of Barnet 
retired to Cornwall, where he held St Michael's Mount against 
Edward IV. Being compelled to surrender, he was attainted 
and imprisoned in the castle of Hamms in Picardj, Avhence 
in 1484 he escaped, and joining Hemy earl of Richmond assisted 
him in his invasion of England. On the earl becoming king, he 
was rewarded with grants of land and high offices of state : he 
died 10 March, 1512. His first wife Margaret was daughter of 
Richard earl of Salisbury and sister of Richard earl of Warwick 
the king-maker (Dugdale, Bar. i. 188, 304). 

As regards the property which had belonged to the countess 
of Warwick, the king in the third year of his reign procured 
an act of parliament annulling the former one of 14 Edw. IV. 
which conferred her estates on her daughters the duchesses of 
Clarence and of Gloucester (queen Anne), ' as against all reason 
conscience and course of nature, and contrary to the laws of 
God and man'. And in consideration of the true and faithful 
, service and allegiance by her borne to Henry VI., as also tiiat 
I she never gave cause to such disherison, he restored unto her 
the possession of her inheritance with the power to alienate 
the same or* any part thereof: she did not however enjoy it 
long, as the same year, by a special feoffment bearing date 
13 Dec. and a fine thereupon, she conveyed it wholly to the 
king, entailing it upon the issue male of his body, with re- 
mainder to herself and her heirs. The lordships contained in 
that grant are enumerated in Dugdale, Bar. i. 307, {Rot. Pari. 
'vi. 391). 

I ' 

The following entries in the bursars' accounts may possibly 



118 

refer to some proceedings on the part of the college with respect 
to the act of resumption : — 

I. M, J, 1484-85, fo. 31 b. Item solutum magistro pro expensis 

ejus in negotiis coUegii, ut patet perbillam '^iij'^- xij^ x**. 

Item pro expensis Hugonis Trotter, London, per xij dies pro 
materia collegii in principio parliamenti ultra negotia 

propria xj^ iij"*. 

1485-86, fo. 39. Item nuncio ferenti literas magistro presidenti, 
London ij^ 



Thus of all the gifts of Eichard III. nothing now remains in 
the college, and the onlj memorial which it possesses of him is a 
letter directed to it bj him, recommending William Ustwayte, , 
B.A. for election to a fellowship. It is dated 29 Dec. only, 
which (as the king's reign falls between 26 June, 1483, and 22 
Aug. 1485) may be either in 1483 or 1484. It is on paper very 
much decayed. 

By the King. 

Trusty and welbeloved we grete you wele. The good and ver- 
tueux disposicion, Vhiche oure welbeloved S"" William TJstwayte 
bacheler of arts by credible report unto Us made is reputed to be of, 
with the right herty affeccion that he hath unto lernyng and for other 
spial causes, move Us to write unto you at this time, Desiring and I 
hertily praiengyou, that (such persons prefered whom we hertofor by 
oure other Ires have recomended unto you) ye will doo the said S'' ' 
William to be elect among you as oon of the felowes of our college 5I 
that w' all such rightes and dueties as to a felowof the same belongen, ,; 
wherein ye shall ministre unto Us thing of right sin^ier pleasir w' ' 
des'^vyng oure spial thankes. Yeven under our signet at our palois i\ 
of Westm"" the xxix*' day of December. 

Addressed: 

To our trusty and welbeloved the Master and felowes of o'' 
college called the Quenes College in o'' vmiv^'site of Cambrigge. 



In 1484 the bursars' account books, called the 'Magnum 
Journale,' begin, from which many facts connected with the 



119 

private life of the college have been derived. The first volume 
contains the accounts of the years 1484-1518. 

From the first half-year's account, from Michaelmas 1484 
to Easter 1485, we learn that 17 fellowships were in existence at 
that time, founded as follows : 

4 endowed by Richard duke of Gloucester. 

5 ... ' ... Lady Margery Roos. 
2 Dr John Druell. 

I 1 ... ■ . . . John Collinson, archdeacon of Northampton. 

I 1 ... ... John Alfray, gent. 

1 ... ... John Barby. 

1 Dr William Syday. 

1 ... ... William Grene, esq. 

1 ... ... Lady Alice Wyche. 

I We find however I. M. J. 1484-85, fo. 27. b, under ' Titulus 
lexequiarum antique dotationis' : 

Item pro exequiis Mfi Druell [Jan. 22] s. (soluturo) xix 
1 sociis xix^ 

In the following years two fellows of Collinson's foundation 
me mentioned till 1492. 

I These 17 fellowships were soon reduced to 13 by the loss of 
the 4 royal fellowships. In 1485 the Otware fellowship appears, 
but in the following year it was united with the Barby fellow- 
ship. Although the Marke fellowship was in a manner endowed 
in 1471, it was only in 1490 that it was filled. Soon after that 
date, the founders of the fellowships, which the several members 
jof the society held, are no longer mentioned. 

In 1491 the lady Joan Ingaldesthorpe, relict of sir Edmund 
Ingaldesthorpe of Burgh-Green, Cambridgeshire, aunt and co- 
lieiress of Edward Tiptoft, earl of Worcester, and cousin of lady 
Margery Roos, founded a fellowship. By a quadripartite in- 
denture made between the lady Joan Ingaldesthorpe, tlie college, 
the wardens of the goldsmiths' gild in London and the convent 
of the Dominicans within Ludgate in London, the lady Joan 
Ingaldesthorpe gave the manor of Great Eversden for the endow- 
;ment of a priest ' at the least a scholar of divinity,' to sing and 



120 

pray for the soul of the said dame Jane, John late earl of Worces- 
ter, Edmund Ingaldesthorpe, Kt, and Geoffry Downes, to have 10 
marks for his salary ; the college was also to pay yearly to the 
friars, by the hands of the wardens of the goldsmiths' company, 
the sum of 20 marks, 10 marks whereof ' shalbe imployed and 
remay to the weall and profittes of the saide hous and convent,' 
of the remaining 10 marks £3. 6s, 8c?. was to be the salary 
of two friars daily saying mass, 265. 8d. to be distributed on 
St Luke's day among tlie friars, and 40s. to be the salary of : 
a schoolmaster. The college further agreed to keep ' an obite • 
of placebo and dirige solemply by note and messe of requiem on 
the morwe also by note, and after the seid messe of requiem . 
so seid the said fellows to have at there dyner amonges them 
iij galons of wyne.' 

The deed is dated 5 Nov. 7 Hen. VII. 1491, and is referred 
to in the following extract : — 

I. M. J. 1491-92, fo. 72. b. It' proscriptura cuiusdam indenture i 
dile Yngyllsthorpe vj''. ; 

In John Abbot of the monastery of St Augustine, Can- ; 

terbury, ' considering the gret and manifold benefits don and ' 
shewed for the como weale and profet of [the] monasteri by the ; 
charitable person Geffrey Downes esquier,' promised by bond to , 
Thomas Wilkynson, president of the college, under the common i} 
seal to provide for tlie saying of certain prayers for the soule of f 
dame Jane Ingaldesthorpe, Geoffrey Downes and all Christian il 
souls and also to present to the rectory of St Andrew's Canter- ji 
bury when void one of the fellows of Queens' college, with a s; 
preference to the fellow of lady Joan Ingaldesthorpe's founda- .-, 
tion. The college presented two of its members, but lost the i 
right at the dissolution of the monastic houses. (Statutes of 
1529, p. 51.) , 

Dame Jane Ingaldesthorpe likewise, on 24 June, 8 Hen. VII. iu 
1493, endowed the prior and convent of Ely with certain lands r 
in Dullingham and Burwell in Cambridgeshire for the salary of > 
Is. a week of two priests, ' brethren of the said prior,' to pray for 
the souls of herself, John earl of Tiptoft, and Joyce his wife, and . 
of John late earl of Worcester. At the obit, the prior was to ; 



121 

divide among the monks IQs. 8d., to give to the sexton for wax 
20d, to the ringers 12c?., to the poor 33s. 4<d. in bread and ale. 
(Statutes of 1529, p. 50.) 

Lady Joan Burgh seems to have died in 1493, as in I, M. J. for 
1493-94 we find among payments to the fellows and lecturers 
tliat 26s. 8d. was paid ' Dno W. Lyncolne, celebranti pro anima 
dne J. Burwe,' for his services for one term beginning 2 Feb. 
1493-4. William Lyncohie does not appear again, nor among 
the foundation fellows at all. 

As this lady was one of the greatest benefactors to the 
college, it is very unfortunate that about her so little information 
exists. Even in 1565 the same uncertainty existed about the 
date of her death. (Walker MS. fo. 71. b.) 

On her death the estate at St Nicholas-court in the Isle of 
Thanet, which she had given to the college in 1473, and which 
had been regranted to her for her lifetime, reverted to the 
college. Of the deed of composition for her fellow, only the 
following transcript remains, the date also being omitted. 

Donatio domine Borowgh. 

Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit 
Thomas Wilkynson presidens coUegii Eeginalis Cantabr'. et socii 
ejusdem collegii, Salutem. Cum domina Johanna Borowgh una cum 
aliis nuper cum aliis fuit seisita in dominico suo ut in feodo de et 
in manerio de seint Nicholas cowrte in Insula de Tened in com. 
Kane, Quod manerium cum pertinentiis extenditur ad valorem 
viginti marcarum per annum, prout per inquisitionem inde factam 
coram Richardo Garnet nuper escaetore domini regis in comitatu 
predicto de mandato dicti regis captam et in cancellariam retornatam 
compertum est, Noveritis nos predictos presidentem et socios, accepta 
dispositione dicti manerii cum pertinentiis quod dicta nobilis femina 
nobis gi-atiose contulit, concessisse et per presentes pro nobis et 
successoribus nostris concedimus atque nos obligamus, quod de 
proficuis et emolimentis dicti manerii cum pertinentiis exhibebimus 
sustentabimixs et inveniemus unum socium perpetuum et unum 
scolarem patiperem bibliotistam juxta statuta et ordinationes dicti 
collegii nostri, infra idem collegium specialiter oraturos pro animabus 



122 

dicte Jolianne et domini Johannis Borowgh viri siii et animabus 
omnium parentum suorum : Proviso semper qtiod si contigerit post 
hac dictum manerium cum pertinentiis vel aliquam inde parcellam 
recuperari et abstrahi a dictis presidente et sociis vel successofibus 
suis (absque dolo) post amortisationem ejusdem manerii cum per- 
tinentiis quod extunc dicti presidens et sotii et successores sui non 
arctentur ad sustentationem die torum sotii et scolaris, non obstante 
quovismodo hac obligatione presenti in contrarium facta. In cuius 
rei testimoninm etc. 

(Misc. B. fol. 29. b.) 

The earliest mention of this estate in the college accounts 
occurs in the year 1504-05. 

Besides providing for the fellow and scholar of her founda- 
tion, she is mentioned as the donor of a silver-gilt chalice. 

On 16 March, 10 Hen. VII. 1494-95, an indenture was made 
between William Wilde, ' chanon of Powles ' and executor of the 
will of Dr John Drewell, also canon of St Paul's, who died 
1494, and the college, for the purpose of regulating the founda- 
tion of two fellowships and one bible-clerk made by the latter. 
Dr J. Drewell had in his lifetime given lands in Abbotsley, 
Haslingfleld and Pampisford, to the value of £24 a year, each 
fellow to have £6. 3s. 4;d. for his salary, and the bible-clerk to be 
provided for as the poor scholars were. They were to pray for 
him, and his obit was to be kept in St Botolph's church, where 
he was buried, on St Vincent's day (22 Jan.), with mass on the 
morrow. 

I. M. J. 1494-95, fo. 93. b. Item sol. pro expensis mri Fitzjohn 
quum equitavit Londoniis (sic) pro pecuniis receptis a mro 
Wylle xiij'. iiij^ ob. 

Mr Wilde also was a benefactor, having given lands to the 
annual value of 63s. 8d., and was accordingly to be commemo- 
rated at Drewell's obit. In 16 Hen. VII. 1500-01 he gave the 
college £66. 13s. M. (Misc. B. fo. 16. Misc. A. fo. 6. b). 

John Drewell, LL.D. was rector of Fulham, Middlesex, 1452- 
58, prebendary of Oxgate in the church of London, 1457-67, 
and treasurer of the same church 1458-67; in 1467 be resigned 



I 



123 

Lis preferments in it (Newcourt). To him refers probably the 
following grace of the year 1469 : 

'Item concessum. m™ Johanni Cruell de collegio Eegine [quod 
possit absentare se a congregationibus quibuscunqiie nisi nominatim. 
vocetur a cancellario sive vicecancellario]' (Grace Book A.) 

William Wilde was rector of St Leonard's, Colchester, 1464- 
67, treasurer of St Paul's 1467-74, precentor 1474- , preben- 
dary of Oxgate 1467-77, and of Bromesbury in the same church 
1477- (Newcourt). 

In the accounts of the year 1494-95 (fo. 92) we find the 
cloister (here first mentioned) being repaired : 

Inprimis sol. pro uno bigatu de ly lyme pro claustro ...... ij'. vj**. 

There are many other entries of sand and work for the 
cloister. 

In 1495 (?) Thomas Wilkynson, president, and the fellows of 
the college, in consideration of the bequest of twelve tenements 
in Bermondsey-street, Southwark, made to the college by John 
Barby, undertook to provide a priest as fellow of the college and 
also for the reading of a lecture on Holy Scripture within the 
said college. Of the deed only an undate(if. transcript remains 
(Misc. B. fo. 30) : no earlier deed pertaining to this fellowship 
exists, but the fellowship was in existence in 1484, and we find 
in the original part of the inventory of 1472 (fo. 10. b), a men- 
tion of vestments for priest, deacon and subdeacon given by him. 
He was a mercer of London (I. M. J. fo. 47. b). According to 
the inventory of 1472 (fo. 15. b) and the Statutes of 1529 (fo. 
54. b), the fellow was to have 8 marks for his stipend : but 
as the statutable stipend of a priest-fellow was 10 marks, part 
of the benefaction of John Ottwar was joined to that of Barby, 
so as to produce 10 marks per annum. 

On 1 Sept. 1498, Henry VII. and his queen Elizabeth of 
York visited Cambridge on their way from Lynn to Huntingdon. 
In the bursars' accounts for this year we find the following : 

I. M, J, 1497-98, fo. 121. In expensis adventus regis et regine, 
ut patet per billam v". ob. 



124 

On 8 June, 17 Hen. VII. 1502, the college gave to Hugh 
Trotter, D.D., treasurer of York cathedral, a receipt for the sum 
of £253. 6s. 8d. (Misc. A. fo. 21. b). With this sum an estate 
was purchased at Fulbourn of Mr John Ormesby, £100 being 
paid in 1499-1500, £100 the year following, and the remainder 
£53. 6s. 8d. in the year 1501-02 (I. M. J. fo. 139, 151. b, 158. b). 
Dr Trotter had been a fellow of the college till 1490, when he 
became provost of the collegiate church of Beverley. He wished 
the college to elect Mr Stackhouse to a fellowship represented by 
his donation, but as he was of Yorkshire, of which county there 
already was a fellow, and the statutes of 1475 forbad two fellows 
of that county being on the foundation at the same time, he was 
admitted as a member of the college, not in perpetuity, but only 
during the pleasure of Dr Trotter. It was not till 1549 that 
Trotter's priest was enrolled among the foundation fellows. 

I. M. J. 1499-1500, fo. 137. Item pro expensis m" Jennyn et 
m" Colyns et unius servientis, when visiting Dr Trotter at 
Beverley in causis coUegii xxx^ v'^. 

1501-02. fo. 157. Expensis M. Jenyn versus Doct. Ryplyngham 
cum Uteris collegii ad M. Trotter vj^ 

Queen Elizabe^ of York, the fourth queen consort since 
the foundation of the college, died 11 Feb. 1502-3, aged 38. 
She does not seem to have done anything to further the pros- 
perity of the college, nor are there any deeds in which she 
claims the position of patroness. The only trace of her in the 

college is the following fragment of a mandate for electing 

Billington to a fellowship or scholarship. It bears her auto- 
graph in the margin. 

By th| 

Iclggafcct]^ Trusty and welbeloved we grete you 
procede to the liting and chosing of 
ordenance and foundacion of the same 
Billington scoler for the good and| 

A memoir of her is prefixed to the 'Privy purse expenses 
of Elizabeth of York: Wardrobe accounts of Edward the Fourth,' 
by sir Harris Nicolas (London, 8vo, 1830), pp. xxxj — civ. 



125 

In 1504 the president and some of the fellows had to ap- 
pear for some unrecorded reason before the privy council in 
London : — 

1503-04. fo. 169. Item pro expensis magistri presidentis tempore 
quo erat Londiniis coram regis consiliariis ut patet per 
billam iij". vij'. viij''. 

Item pro famulo et equo gerenti cartam Londinias eodem 
tempore iij'. iiij'*. 

Two of the fellows Yoman and Pomell were in London for the 
same pui'pose. The expenses of the former amounted to 5^'. 

1504-05, fo. 178 b. Pro expensis servientis magistri Wilkynson 
tunc presidentis coUegii, quum veniebat propter quasdam cartas 
videndas coram regiis consiliariis vj*^. 

In April, 1505, Mr Wilkynson resigned the rule over Queens' 
college. The resignation is proved by the following notice in 
the bursar's book, for that year : 

I. M. J. 1504-05, fo. 178 b. Item pro expensis [mri Jenyns 
Vicepresidentis et mri Pomell] dum equitabant Colywestoniam 
ad loquendum cum matre regia propter resignationem officii 
magistratus collegii et pro expensis Thome Barbour versus 
Harow of hyll et domi, ut patet per billam vij'. iij**. ob. 

Pro expensis factis super Addirton servum matris regie quum 
attulit literas collegio iij^ 

He does not appear to have been a benefactor to the col- 
lege; we find however in Misc. A. fo. 39, mention of ' ij 
tabyll cloythys of diaper w* ij tooells of dyaper ' of his gift. 

In Misc. A. fo. 22, is the copy of a letter in English, with- 
out address or any further date than 12 April, referring to the 
resignation of his office by the then president. It occurs be- 
tween copies of two titles for orders, dated respectively 18 March, 
ISOi-S, and 7 May, 1505, and as it mentions the bishop of 
Rochester, it can only refer to the resignation of Mr Wilkynson. 

It is to the following effect : 

Ryght reverent and worschypfull and to us att all tymys most 
, syngular and specyall good mast", "Wee yo' scolars and dayly beedmen 



126 



I 



humblie recomend us unto yo'' masfscliyp And for as mysch as wee 
underston be y" letfs of the moste excellent p''nces my lady the 
kyngs mother and all so by y"" letfs that ye be at this tyme myndyt 
to resigne the p'sidentship of this our colage called the qwenys 
colage, so that ye myght knowe our mynds in this thing, wherefor 
we write iinto yower maisfship at this tyme signifyyng unto you 
y* we ar fully defminate and doth promyse you to elect such a 
man as is thoght unto you necessary and profitable unto this our 
colage the lorde bisshop of Rochesf. In witness wherof we have 
sett to o'' comon scale, besechyng you to contynew goode maistre to 
the same colage and to all us : and wee shall daiely pray for the long 
and prosperus contynuance of your helth to the plesour of God who 
p.e..ve,owe. ...e Oa...ge in has. t.e xi^ da.e of Ap-U. ^ 

On 13 Dec. 1511, Thomas Wilkynson died, aged , and 

was buried at Orpington. His monument consists of a slab, 
with the brass figure of a priest on it, habited in a plain cope. 
On a plate beneath his feet is the following inscription : 

©rate pro aTa ^|)omt 5liilfegnson ^return 
magistri quontfam p'^bentrartt in jccKa sancti 
Mulffrannf tit 3£lfppon tt rtctoris tit l^aroioe 
super monttm tt Orppngton qui ohiit xiif tik 
'Wtttmhxi% a" tmi m h^ xf" cut' ate propicittur Wtm. 



His arms, as depicted on a MS. Table of the presidents in 
the Lodge, are: 

Gu. a fess vaird ; in chief a unicorn courant, or. 

He was succeeded in the rectory of Harrow, 16 Dec. 1511,' 
by Cuthbert Tunstall, afterwards bishop successively of London 
and Durham, and in the prebend of Ripon, on 4 March, 1511-2, 
by Christopher Joyce, alias Joye, archiepiscopo cognatus (a 
relation of Cardinal Baynbrigg, archbishop of York). 

(Information from the late rev. J. Ward, rector of Wath 
near Ripon, and rev. W. Falcon, vicar of Orpington.) 



I 



Besides the Magnum Journale there are no documents shew- 
ing the state of the college, except three inventories of the 



127 

chapel of 1496-1503. These shew a very great increase over 
the similar inventory of 1472; and it may be presumed that 
the rest of the college kept pace with the chapel in this increase 
of wealth and comfort. 

We find a few notices of poor scholars employed in menial 

offices : — 

I. M. J, 1495-96, fo, 100. Item duobus pauperibus scolaribus 
laborantibus circa pontem .- ij^ 

1496-97, fo. 111. Item solutum duobixs pauperibus scolaribus 
portantibus ly sekkates ad cooperiendum tectum aule super 
magnam fenestram in aula tempore pluvioso ij^ 

1497-98, fo. 120. b. Item pauperi scolari laboranti in coquina...j''. 

The following miscellaneous items from the bursar's ac- 
counts belong to this presidentship: — 

I. M. J. 1485-86, fo. 39. Item pro vino dato episcopo Exes- 
trensi (Peter Courtenay was bishop of Exeter 1478-87). . .nij"*. ob. 

Item pro supplicatione facta d. regi pro franceplegio ville Cant ij^ 

1488-89, fo. 54 b. Inprimis pro expensis m" Butler per quatuor 
dies apud commissarios regis iiij^ iiij^ 

1491-92. fo. 71. Item solutum pro sacerdotibus conductis pro 
observatione exequiarum M. Durwarde dne Alicie Wyethe, 
Markys, et omnium benefactorum in absentia sociorum col- 
legii iiij'. 

fo. 73, Item solutum magistro collegii pro diversis expensis 
necessariis per ipsum factis dno Bur-gayny et aliis, ut patet per 
billam xxiiij'. 



1492-93, fo. 75. b. Pro Martino Duffton pro feodo ejus per mrm 

Dockett assignato xl^ 

1493-94, fo. 83. b. Item pro reparatione facta circa horalagium 

per d. Tbomam Wellys iiij'*. 

1494-95, fo. 92. b. Item pro vino in adventu dne Lyttone (niece 

of dame Alice Wyche) viij"*. 

1494-95, fo. 93. Item solutum priori fratrum carmelitarxTm pro 

ly lym pro claustro viij"*. 



128 



1500-01, fol. 149 b. Item Johanni Locton pro scriptione statu- 
torum xx^ 

1501-02, fo. 157. Pro vino et speciebus cum esset apud nos epis- 
copus •■• • vj^ 

Eodem die expens' in cena et postera die in prandio super ser- 
vientem episcopi M. videlicet Yseliam et aliis secum extraneis 
pro negotiis collegii iij^ ij^ 

Pro prandio ejusdem cum monacbis ad cominicandum (sic) pro 

terris emendis de dna de Seyntgeorge xviij^ 

Pro vino misso ad M. Dokett senescall' epi viij'*. 

Pro m'cipio [i. e. marsupio] dato per M. Sergeant in regardo 

M. Ysebam xvj'*. 

1501-02, fo. 157. Pro vino claret et malvesino misso domine 

de Seyntgeorge ix**. 

1501-02, fo. 157. b. Pro duobus candelabris pro camera magistri 

presidentis xviij**. 

1502-03, fo. 163. b. Hottoni pro una clavi pro cubiculo E,e- 

gine iij'*. 

Fo. 164. Pro billis pencionis diversorum scbolasticorum cancel- 

latis per M. pres' xxxix^ iiij'*. 

1503-04, fo. 169. b. Item pro dentriculo dato M. Rochystyr. . .xiiij^ 



Among the documents preserved in the college, hj its ! 
date belonging to this presidentship, is the following licence, not ' 
filled up, to the holder to enjoy special privileges as to abso- 
lution, at the moderate charge of one gold florin, to go towards • 
the Crusade against the Turks, which the Popes, alarmed for f 
the safety of Italy and even Europe, urged, with small success, ,;i 
all Christendom to undertake. 

Johannes de Gigliis, alias de LiHis, Apostolicus Subdiaconus et -1 
in inclito Pegno Anglie fructuum et proventuum camere apostolice ^ 
debitorum collector, et Perseus de Malviciis decanus ecclesie sancti 
Michaelis de Leproseto Bononien, sanctissimi domini nostri pape : 
cubicularius, sedis Apostolice nuncii et comissarii per eundem ' 
sanctissimum dominum nostrum papam ad inft'a scripta deputati in 
predicto Anglie regno, Universis presentes litteras inspecturis sahxtem 
et sinceram in Domino caritatem. 



129 

Noveritis quod sanctissimus in Christo pater et dominus noster 
prefatus Nobis Johanni et Perseo comissariis prenomiriafcis concedeudi 
universis Christi fidelibus in regno Anglie et dominio Hybernie 
locisque ac terris quibuscunque dicti regni ditioni subjectis, — qui 
per se vel aliis (infra tempus ad sanctissimi domini nostri et sedis 
apostolice beneplacitum duraturum et usqueqiio ejusdem beneplaciti 
revocatio aut conteatorum in suis literis suspensio facta fuerit) 
secundum tenorem ipsarum literarum apostolicarum, qui ad impug- 
nandum infideles et resistendum eorum conatibus tantum quatuor 
tres vel duos vel unum florenos auri vel tantum quantum per nos 
cornissarios prefatos desuper deputatos seu cum collectoribus a nobis 
super hoc constituendis vel facultatem habentibus convenerint et 
cum effectu persolverint, ut confessor ydoneus presbiter secularis vel 
eujusvis ordinis etiam mendicantium regularis curatus vel non 
euratus quern <juilibet eorum duxerit eligendum (eligentis et eligen- 
ifcium confessione audita seu confessionibus respective auditis) pro 
oommissis per eum vel eos peccatis criminibus et excessibus quibus- 
3unque quantumcunque enormibus et gravibus, etiam si talia foret 
propter que sedes apostolica esset quovismodo consulenda (conspira- 
tionis in Romanum pontificem et in predictam sedem apostolicam et 
njectionis manuum violentium in episcopos et superiores prelatos 
briminibus duntaxat exceptis) neenon a censuris et pcenis ecclesiasticis 
[uibuscunque quomodocunque inflictis a jure vel ab bomine semel 
n vita et in aliis dicte sedi non reservatis casibus et peccatis quotiens 
d petierint, .eis auctorita^;e apostolica de absolutionis beneficio pro- 
/idere et tarn semel in vita quam in mortis articulo plenariam 
•mnium suorum peccatorum reraissionem et absolutionem cum ea 
)lenaria indulgentia quam etiam assequereutur in visitatione limi- 
lum beatorum Apostolorum Petri et Pauli et basilicarum sancti 
Tohannis Lateranensis et beate Marie majoris de urbe ac recupe- 
atione terra sancte eorundem infidelium expugnatione ac anno 
ubileo, que etiam ad peccata oblita et que alias aliis sacerdotibus 
onfessi forent extendat, ipsis in sinceritate fidei et unitate sancte 
lomane ecclesie ac obedientia et devotione sanctissimi domini nostri 
t successoEum suorum Romanorum pontificum canonice intrantium 
[ersistentibue impendere et salutarem penitentiam injungere, ita 
t si ipsis in hujusmodi (hmoi) mortis articulo sepius constitutis 
bsolutio ipsa impendatur, nicliilominus dterato in vero mortis arti- 
ulo possit impendi et impensa suffragetur eisdem — auctoritate aposto- 
ca de apostolice potestatis plenitudine concessit facultatem prou't in 



130 

ipsis litteris apostolicis supra hoc emanatis plenius continetur. Cum 

aufcem . infra prefatum 

tempus dicti beneplaciti de facultatibus suis competentem quautitatem 
ad opus fidei hujusmodi (hmoi) ac ad expugnationeni infidelium con- 
tuleri..., Idcirco tenore presentium hmoi confessoris eligendi ei... 
auctoritate apostolica qua in hac parte fungimur, satisfacto tamen 
Mis quibus fuerit satisfactio impendenda, plenam ac liberam tribuimus 
facultatem. Datum sub sigillo Sancte Cruciate anno Incarnationis 

Dominice millesimo quadringentesimo octuagesimo nono die 

mensis 



It is printed on parchment, the text measuring 7| in. by 4 in.i 
The reigning pope was Innocent YIII. 1484-1492. John defj 
Gigliis, of Lucca, the collector of the Apostolic Chamber, was 
canon of Wells 1478, archdeacon of London 1482, and bishop of 
Worcester 1497 : he died 25 Aug. 1498. (Newcourt, i. 61 ; 
Anglia Sacra, i. 538.) i 




131 




Apr. 1505— c. 1 July 1508. 
20—23 Hen. VII. 

VEJST as early as 1565 great igno- 
rance seems to have existed re- 
specting the leading facts and 
dates in the college history. The 
date of the end of Thomas Wil- 
kynson's presidentship is in the 
Walker MS. (fo. 93. b) given as 
1500. A like confusion will be 
found in Fuller's account of the 
succession of bishop Fisher to the 
vacant mastership. 

Fuller's account of the reason 
of this transaction is as follows : Bishop Fisher ' was Chaplain, 
and Confessour to the Lady Margaret, Countesse of Richmond, 
at whose instance, and by whose advise, She founded, and en- 
dowed Christs- and S. John' ^-GolJedge in Cambridge. Employed 
in building of the latter (her posthume Colledge of S. Johns) 
and effectually advancing that work, lie wanted the accommo- 
dation of a convenient Lodging, when Dr. Thomas Wilkinson, 
President of Queens-CoUedge, opportunely departed this life: 
and that Society requested Bishop Fisher to succeed in his 
place, which he gratefully accepted, faithfully discharged, and 
thereby had the advantage to finish his new Colledge in the 
lessetime, to his greater contentment.' {Church History, Book v. 
sect. 3, no. 3.) 

9—2 



132 

St John's college was not founded till 1511, and lience 
bishop Fisher could not during the three years of his presi- 
dentship have done anything towards its buildings. Christ's 
college however was founded by lady Margaret in 1505, 'though 
the statutes were not given, nor the foundation perfected till 
the year following'. It may have been for the purpose of 
superintending the progress of this latter college that bishop 
Fisher accepted the office of president. 

Dr Plumptre, in his MS. history of the college, assigns as the 
reason of his election ' to give him a place of residence in the 
university, chancellors being in those times generally resident 
and executing their office in their own person.' He does not 
seem to have been aware of the resignation of Mr Wilkynson, 
although the bursars' books plainly state it. 

Whatever circumstance may have been the cause of a 
vacancy in the presidentship, it is certain that on the resig- 
nation of Thomas Wilkynson, John Fisher bishop of Rochester, 
and at that time chancellor of the university, was elected as 
the third president of Queens' college. The election must have 
taken place soon after 12 April 1505 the date of the letter 
from the college to Mr Wilkynson and before 7 May, when 
tbe bishop appears as president in the title for orders of Thomas 
Austyn, one of the fellows. 

John Fisher took his B.A. degree in 1487 as a student of 
Michaelhouse, was soon afterwards elected fellow, was vicar of 
Northallerton, Yorkshire, 1491-94, and in 1497 became master 
of that college. About the same time he was appointed con- 
fessor to the lady Margaret, countess of Richmond and Derby, 
mother of king Henry VII. In 1501 he was created D.D., and 
was chosen vice-chancellor of the university. In 1503 lady 
Margaret appointed him her first Divinity reader in the uni- . 
versity of Cambridge, and in Oct. 1504 he was made bishop of 
Rochester. In the same year he was elected chancellor of the 
university, to which office he was re-elected annually for ten 
years, and was then appointed for life. 

At the time of his death in 1535 he is generally stated to 
have been 77 years of age; at the time of his B.A. degree he 
would have been 28 years; and when he became bishop 46 



133 

years old: this latter age does not agree witli his own state- 
ment, that he was made a bishop when very young, and the 
foimer age would make him very old among the undergraduates 
of his time. Fixing his birth in 1469 may perhaps be nearer 
the truth: he then would be 36 years of age when he became 
bishop: six months after this, he became president of Queens'. 
Soon after his election, he visited his college: — 

1. M. J. 1504-05, fo. 178 b. Item pro expensis in prime adventu 

domini magistri nostri, lit patet per billam ij°. viij''. ob. 

The society had sometimes to consult him at his episcopal 
residence : — 

I. M. J. 1505-06, fo, 187. Item pro expensis M. Jenyn adversus 
Rochester iij^ iiij"*. 



After the death of queen Elizabeth of York in 1503, the 
lady Margaret, countess of Richmond and Derby, mother of 
Henry VII., seems to have fulfilled the functions of queen 
consort towards the college, interesting herself in its behalf 
and in its management. 

By indenture of 15 June, 20 Henry VII., 1505, Edward 
duke of Buckingham (Cooper, Ath. i. 24, Dugdale, Bar. i. 170) 
bestowed on the college, (for his safe state while living, and 
for the good of the souls of his ancestors and of his own soul 
after his death,) at the instance of the most excellent princess 
Margaret, countess of Richmond and Derby, the king's mother, 
31 acres of meadow land in Essex, near Bumpstead Helyon. 
(Misc. A. fo. 22. b.) 

The lady Margaret's second husband, sir Henry Stafford, 
was great uncle to the duke. 

I. M. J. 1504-05, fo. 179. Pro expensis M. Vicepresidentis et 
Ricardi Staynbank thesaurarii...dum equitabant ad dominum 
Bukyngamie cum Uteris matris regie propter certas parcellas 
terre jacentes in Haverhill et Horsham Hall, ut patet per 
billam xlviij^ v**. 

In 150,5 the countess of Richmond visited Cambridge, when 
she appears to have been received with much honour and great 



134 

marks of respect, the university proceeding as far as Caxton to 
meet her. (Cooper, Ann. i. 275.) At the same time she paid 
Queens' college a visit, as appears from the following entries in 
the accounts of the college : — 

I. M. J. 1504-05, fo. 178 b, Carpentario laboranti per diem in 
cameris coUegii erga adventum matris regie v*. 

Pro sirpis pro camera ejusdem domine ij**. 

fo. 179 b. Willelmo Bradford [bibliotiste]- pro expensis ejus 
tempore quo equitabat ad inquirendum de adventu matris 
regie, jussu vicepresidentis iiij*. 

Lotrici pro lotione trium mapparum de diaper, uniuis toallie de 
diaper et sedecim manitergiorum, que erant occupata cum 
mater regis intererat collegio nostro vj^ 

UE.ING bishop Fisher's rule over the college, Besiderius 
Erasmus made his first visit to Cambridge. He had 
already visited England in 1497, at the invitation of 




William Blount, lord Mountjoj, who in the previous year had been 
his pupil at Paris. It was on this occasion that he formed a friend- 
ship with John Colet, afterwards dean of St Paul's (1505-19), 
and other distinguished Englishmen. Among other friends of 
this period we find Richard Whitford, a fellow of Queens' 
and 'Guilielmi Montjoii a sacris,' to whom he addressed Letter x. 
of Le Clerc's edition (10 Vols. fo. Leyden, 1703). The date 
there given is 1497. Perhaps this is not correct, as it was only 
on 3 March 1497-8 that the college gave Whitford leave to go 
with Lord Mountjoy beyond seas. He ceased to be a fellow at 
Easter 1503-4. On coming to Cambridge in 1506, Erasmus had 
his grace to commence D.D. in the following terms : — 

Conceditur Des. Erasmo ut unicum, vel si exigantur, duo re- 
sponsa, una cum duobus sermonibus ad clerum, sermoneque examina- 
torio, et lectura publica in Epistolam ad Eomanos, vel qusevis alia, 
sufficiant sibi ad incipiendum in Theologia; sic, quod prius admit- 
tatur Baccalaureus in eadem, et intret libros sententiarum, Bedellis- 
que satisfaciat. (Grace-book P. 1505-6). di 

In this year also he dedicated his edition of Lucian's Tyran- 
nicida (dated Euri Kal. Maji 1506) to Richard Whitford. Of 



I 



135 

ff his letters as contained in Le Clerc's edition, only seventeen 

belong to the ten years 1501 to 1510, while about forty belong 

to the year 1'199 and twenty-one to the year 1511. He could 

. not have remained long at Cambridge, as in a letter to dean 

I Oolet (civ.) dated Paris 19 June 1506, he mentions his recent 

' return to France from England. In the following letters cv. cvi. 

j written from Paris 1506 and 1507, he alludes to the friends that 

I he had made in England, 'tarn multos, tam doctos, tam integros, 

! tam amantes, tam ofEciosos, tam jucundos, denique sic de me 

promeritos,' but gives no particulars of his stay. The next 

I (cvii.) is addressed to Colet from Cambridge 1 Nov. 1507. 

I Apparently he was at that time really in the county, as he says : 

' et ipsi rus concesseramus, sed vini inopia fortasse nos Canta- 

,brigiam rediget.' There is however much difficulty in ascer- 

1 taining the real dates of Erasmus' life from his letters. When 

they were first published, ' erant amici, qui per litteras monue- 

runt, singulas juxta temporum ordinem digerendas esse ; id 

etiamsi fuisset in promptu, ob certas causas non est visum con- 

sultum : . . . porro si quis aliquid tale desiderat, diem et annum in 

calce singularum adjecimus' (Erasmus Lectori). In this task 

[ however his memory or his notes must often have deceived him. 

I In 1508 he was in Italy and took the degree of Doctor of 

' Divinity, either at Bologna, or Turin : ' Doctoratum in sacra 

Theologia nuper accepimus, idque plane contra animi mei senten- 

j tiara, ac precibus amicerum expugnati' (App. cccclxxxvi, written 

apparently at Florence in Oct. 1508.) He stayed a year at Bolog-na, 

visited Rome and Venice, and in 1510 returned to England. There 

are no letters written during this Italian journey in Le Clerc's 

edition. 

In the Walker MS. (fo. 135) in a list of the more distin- 
j guished members of the college we find the following : — 

1505. Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus fuit pensionarius 2P 
[ Henrici sept. 

Of this visit of Erasmus to Cambridge no traces remain in 
the college books, nor indeed are any trustworthy accounts of it 
to be found in our writers. Knight {Life of Erasmus, 82) 
says: '[Erasmus] had not been long in the City, before he 



1 



138 



accepted the Invitation of Dr John Fisher to go down to Gam- 
Tjridge:' but no letters confirm this. The account given by Dr 
Caius of the visit [Hist. Cant. Acad. 127) contains many errors. 
The following part of his statement however, though contro- 
verted by Knight (p. 87), seems to be true. 

' Paulo ante nostrum adveutum inter alios Erasmus Eoterodamus 
vir notge famse et doctrinse, qui circa annuro: Dbm. 1506. (quo tempore 
Henr. etiam 7. Anglise rex prudentissimus Cantebrigiam invisit) 
Cantebrigise vixit,' [Grsecas literas perlegit...] 

In 1506 Henry VII. visited Cambridge.. He arrived on i 
22 April, the eve of St George's day, and was received with 
all the complicated court ceremonies of that age. The mayor 
and bailiffs rode out two or three miles to meet him', and near 
to the town he found all the members of the university and of ' 
the different monastic establishments, standing in order. 'At 
the end of them was the Unyversyte Cross, wher was a Forme 
and a Cushin &c. as accustomed, where the Kyng dyd alight, 
and then the Bysshopp of Rochestre, Doctor Fisher, then beyng 
Chaunceller of the Unyversyte, accompanied by odir Doctors, 
sensyd &c. the Kyng, and aftir made a litle Proposition and 
welcomed hym; and then the Kyng took hys Horse ageyn & 
rood by the Blackfriers, throughe the Towne, to the Queens 
Colledge, wher hys Grace was at that tym^^ lodgged, and ther 
rested the space of an Houre, & then did on his Gowne and ' 
Mantell of the Gartier, and all odir Knyghts of the Ordre there > 
beyng present gave their attendance in the Habit of the Ordre 
as apperteyneth, and roode from the Kyngs Logginge to the 
Chappell of the Kyngs- Colledge, which was for the same cause : 
ready appointed with Scochins [of the knights companions 3i 
arms], as ys yerely accustomed. The Byshopp of Rochestre, ; 
being there Chaunceller, did the Divine Service, both the Even, 
the Day, both at Mattens &c. and sang the Mass of Requiem on 
the Morrow.' (Ashmole, Instit. &c.. of the order of the Garter, 
558, 487; Cooper, Ann. i. 281..) 

The following extracts from the bursars' accounts seem to 
refer to this visit : — 

I. M. J. 1505-06, fo. 186. Item fabro pro clausuris fenestrarum 
vitrorum in camera regine erga adventum domini regis ... iij'. 



137 

fo. 18T. Item mag™. Pawne pro vectioiie ornamentorum tem- 
pore regis viij**, 

1506-07, fo. 194 b^ is this note at the top of the page : — 

Hoc anno rex H. 7"'. moram traxit in collegio, et episcopus Rof- 
i fensis presidens collegii moram traxit in domo sancti Michaelis. 

fo. 197. Item pro constractione metarum erga adventum prin- 
cipis iij». 

Item pro emundatione quarundam camerarum erga adventum 
regis vij^ 

1507-08, fo. 202. Item pro allocatione cois servientis m" pro tem- 
pore, quo rex erat Cantibrigie viij**. 




N 1508 bishop Fisher resolved to resign the president- 
ship, and sent notice of his intention to the society by 
John Jenyn, one of the body, who eventually became 
master of the college. Hereupon the society sent him the fol- 
lowing letter dated 14 June, 1508; — 

Heverendo in Christo patri nostro ac domino, presidique facile 
meritissimo, domino Johanni, Deo bene consulente Roffensi episcopo, 
nostroque cancellario cumprimis digno, college Reginalis collegii Cant, 
unanimiter Salutem et quam amplissimam obedientiam. 

Retulit pridem nobis Jeninus tuus et idem noster, jussu (ut 
aiebat) tuo, benigne antistes, parare jam te decessum a nobis huncque 
presidis locum velle alteri cuipiam designatum iri : nuncium certe 
nobis omnibus nori tarn novum et inopinatum quam et molestum et 
iacrimabilem planeque dolorifieum, quippe qui persuasissimiim habemus 
te nostrum presidem (propter et integritudinem vite bonitatemque 
singularem, turn ob multijugam eruditionem nominisque celebritatem 
neque non ingenii consiliique divinitatem quandam, denique ob non 
modicam auctoritatem) posse prestare nobis quantum aut alius nemo 
aut sane quam rarus, 

Nam de te (facessat adulatio) quisquis exemplum capit, baud facile 
dixerimus an aliunde unquam accepturus est ad probitatem atque 
adeo omnem animi ingenuam honestissimamque culturam incitabula 
fomentaque potiora. Porro quod ad collegii negotia pertinet, poteris 
in illis tractandis etiam si apud nos non intersis, vivacitate ingenii 



138 1 

perspicacitate consilii ad hec et auctoritate tua, plus unus efficere (et 
quidem ex sententia animi nostri) quam alii bis mille. Nempe tibi 
tiibuimus ut nobis nequeat non esse apprime gratum quicquid tu 
feceris ; sed et nulla re possumus (ita nos Deiis amet) voluptari magis, 
quam ut te presidem habeamus, quern ut officiose deamamus, ita 
(meliercules) censemus quovis et amore et lionore dignum; quia te 
preside atque capite nostro est unde etiam atque etiam veluti qui- 
busdam admoniti aculeis exagitemur, non mode nos sed et nostri 
posteri, ut te propositum nobis exemplar et contemplemur crebrius et 
studiosius imitemur. 

Quare per Jesum obsecramus age nobis dominum Martinum 
sanctissimum et clementissimum presulem, qui se exorari passus est a 
suis, ' Domine (inquiens) si adhuc populo tuo sum necessarius, nou 
recuse pro eis laborem.' Quod si dixeris, non licere tibi apud nos 
manere, hoc neque aliis hie multis presulibus licet, neque nos deside- 
ramus; at manere poterit continuo frugalitas prudentissimi consilii 
tui, manere poterit et auctoramentum nominis, quo et ipsi famigera- 
tiores nobilitatioresque evademus et erimus dubio procul ad virtutes 
bonasque litteras capessendas exhilaratiores. Jam, que tui est animi 
benignitas ac mansuetudo, noli nos deserere, noli nobis tuis ovibiis 
non amplius esse pastor, lioli (per misericordissimum Deum !) ita 
obfirmare te, ut vel nostri non miserearis, vel nostros animos sinas 
(si modo repulsam patiamur, nostrasque preces simus frustrati) et 
languidos esse prorsus atque attonitos consternatosque. En nos tue 
Paternitati deditissimos. In tua manu est situm vel voluptare 
nos si perrexeris, vel discruciare si cessaveris, idque novit Deus Opti- 
mus Maximus, qui te beatificet. 

Cantebrigie sub sigillo nostro communi, postridie Idus Junias 
anno a Christo nato supra millesimum quingentesimo octavo. 

per scolasticos tuos. 

Tlie reference to St Martin in this letter is explained by 
the following extract from Lectio V. ad Matut. in the Eoman 
breviarj service for the feast of St Martin of Tours, Nov. 11 : — 

Post fact us Episcopus Turonensis, monasterium sedificavit, ubi 
cum octoginta monachis sanctissime aliquamdiu vixit. Qui cum postea 
ad Candacensem vicum suae DicBcesis in graveni febrim incidisset, 
assidua Deum oratione precabatur, ut se ex illo mortali carcere libe- 
raret. Quern audientes discipuli, sic rogabant : ' Cur nos, pater, 
deseris ? cui nos miseros derelinquis ? ' Quorum voce commotus 



139 

I Martinus, ita Deum orabat : ' Domine, si adliuc populo tuo sum neces- 
sarius, non recuse laborem.' 

The bishop's answer to this appeal is unfortunately lost, how- 
ever it expressed his unchanged determination to resign. The 
society then again wrote to him on 19 June offering him the 
nomination of his successor in the presidentship, as follows : — 

Reverendo in Chi'isto patri nostro ac domino presidique ac cancel- 
lario cumprimis insigni, domino Johanni Dei gratia Roifensi episcopo, 
5 college Reginalis collegii unanimiter Salutem et obedientiam. 

Quod nostras litteras tanti feceris et quod in te contulimus vel 
officii vel pietatis ingente laude fueris prosecutus, carte rem fecisti neque 
novam neque non precognitam nobis, Quis enim nescit qui modo satis 
te novit, eam esse bonitatem ingenii tui, que vel ea grata ducat, que 
non fecisse foret non ingratitudinis modo sed et nefarii scelerisl 
Itaque sicut alios longo intervallo eruditione politiorique literatura 
antecedis, ita humanitate certum est evincere. Agnoscimus igitur 
quanta maxima possumus pietate, ilhistrem tui animi benignitatem ; 
teque pollicitum esse quibuscunque nostris in rebus tuam operam, 
velleque inter nos annumerari semper, tarn gratum tamque jocundum 
est nobis omnibus, quam et optatum et necessarium ; tantumque hoc 
nomine debemus tibi, quanta te et animi propensione et ardentissima 
quapiam adversum nos caritate non dubium est promisisse. Quod 
autem scribis c.onstitutum tibi jam esse et comparatum animo super- 
sedere hocque magistratu defungi, quamquam perculsi hoc verbo 
sumus mirum in modum, quamquam constei'nati et vehiti in 
extasim adacti, tamen ne videamur actum (ut ajunt) agere, frus- 
traque et importune voluntati tue obstrepere et vel hoc titulo 
parum tibi esse morigeri, en nos, optime pater, obsequentissimos 
tibi, nobis utere ut libet : alioquin tantum abest ut tollere abs te 
ln^nc magistratum [velimus,] ut liberrimam tibi potestatem faciamus 
designaudi nobis presidis, quicu.nque tibi videbitur decere. Te 
namque certum habemus neminem esse prepositurum nobis, qui non 
referat imaginem tui tuasque virtutes aliquatenus scilicet. Proiude 
quicquid in hac re feceris dictum ac factum puta, idque sub testi- 
monio non modo sigilli nostri communis sed et nostrarum manuum. 

Cantebrigie, decimo tertio Kalendas Julias anno Christi mille- 
simo D. octavo. 

The bishop accepted the offer, and recommended Dr Robert 
Bekensaw, fellow of Michaelhouse, his own old college, whom in 



.140 

consequence tlie fellows elected president. The election was 
notified to the lady Margaret, (whose almoner the new master 
was at that time or soon after, and who seems to have interested 
herself in his behalf), to Dr Bekensaw, and to the bishop, in 
three letters, here following, of which, as of the preceding, the 
copies or rough drafts exist in Misc. A. fo. 24 b. — 26 b. 

I. The letter of the fellows to the lady Margaret (not dated). 
Noble and excellent p''nces, ow' g'cius lady, after most humble 
submyssion w' dew rev'cy, plesyth yo' goodnes y* where as of late hit 
lykyd y® ]'ev''ent father in Godde o' specyall good lord bysshop of 
Rochester to surches and leva y^ p'sidentshipp of o' college to y^ ryght 
gret lievynes of us all, we upon consyderacion of the assured werte 
and goodnes of the sayd rev'ent father, and for y^ uteer love which we all 
have of deute unto hym, gave hym full power to assyne and chose for 
his successau'' amowng us whom so ev'' hit wold plese hym, that so yf 
we myght not contynow w' hym, at leyst be his appointment we shuld 
have suche one as somwhat shuld assemble hym and his goodly and 
godly man'ys. Now forasmuch as he hath for the sayd rome as- 
synged y^ ryght worschypfull M. Bekensaw, we have be o' full ! 
consent electe and chosyn y^ same o' p'"sident, gladly content so to do 
the rather y* we myght answer and accomplesh in this behalf yo"" g"'cius 
pies', which to regard and tender we specyally and syngulerly be 
bownd, as knowyth the blessyd T'nte who we besech for y® pVvacion 
of yo' noble g'"ce, 

II. Letter of the fellows to Dr Bekensaw, 6 July 1508. 
Nuper non sine nostra omnium anxietate meroreque prope dixe- 
rimus incredibili cessit hie apud nos presidis loco reverendissimus in i 
Christo pater, Roffensis antistes, vir citra assentationem non tarn \ 
human itatis ingenueque eruditionis egregie prudens, quam nobis 
omnibus apprime carus : cui utinam equa voluntas fuisset apud nos ^ 
presidendi, quam nobis fuit illius retinendi. Huic a nobis discedenti i 
neutiquam par erat nostram in ilium pietatem [non] aliquousque i\ 
monstrare, suamque erga nos nunquam oblitterandam tum operam i' 
turn bonitatem non aliquantisper remetiri. Fecimus igitur ei potes- 
tatem (quandoquidem supersedere jam omnino certum fuerat) desig- 
nandi constituendique nobis presidis, quemcunque is censeret con- 
venire. Ille autem, sicuti est homo non obscuri neque insinceri ! 
judicii, teque et tuas virtutes non vulgari humanitate prosequens, 



141 

proposuit alioquin et preposuit te nobis. Cuius quidem judicio ac 
testimonio tuai'umque laudum honoi'ifice mentioni tantum tribuimus, 
ut te jam dudum nobis presidem delegerimus unanimiter, nihil prorsus 
iverifci aut diffisi, quin quas tibi commendationes ascripsit universas, 
tsis ipse vel adequaturus vel superaturus, potius scilicet et te operam 
esse daturum non ambigimus quam potes maximam, ut scilicet te 
duce ac capite res nostra publica non ruinam minitetur, sed vigeat, 
floreat, frondescat, frugescatque. Hoc et ut velis, exercitius te 
oraremus obsecraremusque, ni magnitudinem et animi tui pruden- 
tiam bonitatemque haberemus certius quam ut ullo vel leviculo 
jinstigata sit opus. Quare nostrum in te collatum lioc tantillum 
munusculum tam grato animo tamque exporrecta fronte suscipe, 
quam est a magnatibus et presertim domina nostra regia genetrice 
jmulta de nobis demerendis patiente permittenteque religiose et 
studiose expetitum et a nobis oblatum non invitis sed neque vel 
pauxillum recalcitrantibus. Nos te presidem agnoscimus nostrique 
domini Roffensis episcopi legitimum successorem, quod turn litteris 
turn sigillo decern es nostro, . Datum Cantebrigie pridie Nonas Julias 
per supranominatos tuos. 

III. Letter of the fellows to bishop Fisher, 7 July, 1508. 

Quod tue Paternitati sumus polliciti ecce jam a nobis prestitum, 
lelectum. viz. successorem tuum et presidem nostrum esse quem de- 
signasti Doctorem Bekensaw, qui et abs te et propositus et commen- 
datus est, atque ab optima prineipe genetrice Eegis. Non poterafc 
nobis neque debebat vel biisce nominibus atque adeo tam excellen- 
tibus testimoniis non interesse et carus et jocundus. Tuique et 
sumus et erimus pro viribus quantuliscunque nostris, quem et vicissim 
habemus certum in nullo sive humanitatis sive pietatis genere nobis 
esse concessurum. Bene et feliciter vale. Ex Cant, sub sigillo 
nostro communi. Nonas Julias. 

After his resignation of the mastership^ the worthy bishop 
Hved in peace and honour till the reformation in Germany, 
when he wrote many controversial works against its leaders. 
: He took the part of queen Catharine of Aragon in the Divorce 
case, and that of the Pope in the matter of abolishing his power 
in England. It is not therefore surprising that one by this double 
title obnoxious to the king, should have at last fallen a victim to 
j his resentment. He was twice attainted of misprision of treason, 



142 

in 1533 for not having communicated to the king the pretended 
prophecies of Elizabeth Barton the holy maid of Kent, and in 
1534 for refusing to take the oath to the succession, when by 
act of parliament his goods were forfeited^ and his bishopric de- 
clared to be void from 2 Jan. 1534-5. He was now kept in 
most rigorous imprisonment in the Tower. The pope created 
him a cardinal, by the title of St Vitalis, 21. May 1535, but on 
17 June he was arraigned in Westminster Hall on a charge of 
treason for having denied the king to be supreme head of the 
church of England, a title which queen Elizabeth afterwards 
rejected. He was tried by a jury (being treated as a commoner, 
because he had been deprived of his bishopric), found guilty, 
condemned to death, and beheaded on Tower hill 22 June 1535. 
As has been stated, he is said to have been 77 years old, but 
this seems wrong, and perhaps 67 is a near approximation to 
his age. (Cooper, AtJi. i. 52-4.) 

The bishop does not appear to have been a benefactor to 
the college, probably his great interest in and liberality towards 
St John's college made him unable to do anything for a college 
over which he had for so short a time borne rule. He seems 
however to have kept up some connexion with the college ; 
as the following extracts from the bursars' books shew : — 

I. M. J. 1510-11, fo. 236. Expense facte super domino Roffensi 

et super servo reginali, ut patet per billain viij^ iij^ ob. 

1515-16. fo. 286. b. Item pro quodam munusculo date episcopo 
Roffensi, vino vocato ypocrace, et aliis speciebiis viz. sugar- 
plate et sukkettes, quum visitavit collegium sancti Johan- 
nis iiij'. ij". 

His arms were: Arg. a dolphin embowed between 3 wheat- ■ 
•ears or, within a border ingrailed of the last, and the motto, 
" Faciam vos piscatores hominum." 



A few miscellaneous items from the account books of the 
iCoUege during the bishop's presidentship may here be given : 

I. M. J. 1504-05. fo. 178. b. Pro expensis M. Jennyn vicepresi- 
dentis . . . et expensis M. Staynbank . . . dum equitabat Richmon- 
diam ad loquendum cum regiis consiliariis et episcopo Win- 
toniensi xvij'. x". 



143 

fo. 179. Pro expensis m" vicepresidentis versus Huntyngdon ad 

alloquendum cum domino episcopo magistro iiij°. ij''. 

fo. 179. b. Pro piuta Malmasie data m™ Lenton auditor! ij**. 

Pro expensis M. Vicepresidentis et M. Yicham . . . quum equita- 

bat Londonias pro causis collegii ad loquendum cum regiis 

consiliariis pro sigillo privati misso collegio xxv\ ij"*. ob. 

Dnb O'^v^mfrido xviii° die Octobr. pro 3*""^ septimanis in quibus 

erat vexatus febribus iij\ iiij^ 

Willelmo Bradeford [bibliotiste] pro communiis unius septimane 

in qua erat infirmus viij"^, 

1506-07. fo. 195. It' pro dentriculo et vino receptori matris 

regis xxij**. 

1507-08. fo. 202. Item duobus laboi'antibus qui mundaverunt 

cameram m" presidentis iiij*. 

fo. 202. b. Item pro septem centis sirporum pro cameris magis- 

tri erga ejus adventum x^ ob. 

fo. 202 b. Jobanni Thurjbe clerico pro compositione bipartita 

facta pro domina de lay Roose vij^ 

Mr Wilkynson received no stipend from the college, but 
from the time of bishop Fisher we find the president paid 
£3. 6s. 8d. a year, being half the stipend of a priest or fellow. 

I. M. J. 1504-05. fo. 173. Magistro nostro domino Roflfensi 
episcopo (for a half year) xxxiij'. iiij**. 

1505-06. fo. 182. b. M'° Jenyn pro stipendio magistri nos- 
tri xxxiij'. iiij"*. 

The benefaction of lady Joan Bm-gh is now first mentioned : — 

I. M. J. 1504-5. fo. 179. Pro expensis M. Jennyn vicepres. et 
M. Pomell cvim uno serviente et pro sumptibus et conductione 
trium equorum cum equitabant ad loquendum cum regis consili- 
ariis pro causis collegii et dum equitabant Cantuariam ad viden- 
dum terras ejusdem collegii, viz Yle of tennet...xxxiiij^ iij^ ob. 

1506-7. fo. 196. Expense facte per M. [vice] presidentem et M^ 
Pomell apud saynt Nicholas cowyrte xlviij'. vij*. 




144. 




6 (?) July 1508— March 1518-9. 
23 Hen. VII.— 10 Hen. VIII. 

OBERT Bekensaw (or Bekenshall), whom bishop 
Fisher selected to be his successor in the presidentship 
of Queens' college, was the son of George Beconsall 
or Bekonsawe, esq. of Croston, co. Lane, and was at 
th-e time of his election fellow of Michaelhouse. He was B.A, 
1492-3, M.A. 1496, proctor of the university 1500, and B.D. 
1502. He was instituted to the vicarage of Croston, his native 
parish, 24 Jan. 1504-5, on the presentation of the abbess and 
convent of Syon, a benefice which he held till his death (Haines, 
Lancashire Chantries, 170, 171 [c. H.c.]). He commenced D.D. 
1507, and was elected to the mastership 6 July 1508 or just be- 
fore. At the time of his election he was at court, as appears 
from the following : 

I. M. J. 1507-08 fo. 202. b. Item pro vino soketis et comfetis 
expensis in prime adventu magistri nostri ij^ x.\ ob. 

1508-09. fo. 214. In expensis factis per magistrum Yrelonde 
et magistrum Staynbanke quum equitabant ad curiam regis 
pro magistro novi£er electo xxxij^ iiij**. 

He was president for about ten years and a half, till about 
March 1518-9, and during this peri©d he became rector of 
Bradwell-super-mare Essex, 8 July 1512, on the presentation of 
queen Catharine of Aragon, and canon of Windsor, 28 Oct. 
1512. On 3 Feb. 1512-3 he was admitted treasurer of the 
cathedral church of Lincoln, which office he resigned in 1516. 
He was also succentor of Wells cathedral, rector of Chagford, 



145 

Devonshire, and chaplain to queen Catherine, and her almoner 
before 10 July 1510. In the year 1506-7 he obtained a dispen- 
sation from residence in the university, on the ground of his 
being engaged with the countess of Richmond. 

* Conceditur D'" Bekynshaw ut non artetur ad residentiam propter 
negotia que habet circa regis genetricem, sic quod observet actus.' 
(Grace-book T. MS, Bater, xxxi. 168.) 

He was inducted to the deanery of the collegiate church of 
St John Baptist, at Stoke-by-Clare (MS. Baker, xix. 143), in 
the patronage of the queens of England, on 3 Feb. 1517, a bene- 
fice then valued at £43. 6s. Sd. (Strype, ParJcer, 8). There 
seems to be some confusion in the date of his induction to the 
deanery of Stoke, as if by 3 Feb. 1517 is meant 1517-8, we find 
Bekensaw apparently residing at Stoke on July 1517. Possibly 
the year 1517 is really meant, as is also the year 1548 in the 
date of the Order of the Communion, which is 8 March, 2 Edw. 
VI. 1548, meaning really 1548 not 1548-9. Dr Bekensaw was 
mostly non-resident, dwelling at Windsor or later at Stoke, 
whither the fellows went to consult him about the affairs of the 
college. 

I. M. J. 1512-13, fo. 257, b. Item pro expensis m" Staynbank 
quum equitavit ad magistrum collegii tunc Wynsorie mauen- 
tem vj^ viij**. 

1516-17. fo. 295. b. Item in expensis m" Staynbank... menseJulii 
per iiij"' dies quum equitabat ad conveniendum magistrum 
collegii aput Stook pi-o causis et negotiis collegii vi^ viij*. 

There are several other journeys to Stoke mentioned. 

He seems however to have come to Cambridge for elections 
of fellows and bible-clerks, and for the audit. 

1516-17. fo. 295. Item pro ij''"' quartis vini rubei et clareti 
ix° die Julii quum magister collegii affuerat iiij''. 

Item eodem tempore pro pinta Malvesie et bona serevisia . . . iiij"*. 

fo. 296. Item in expensis magistri collegii octavo die mensis 
Octobris et per tres dies sequentes quum affuerat collegio pro 
electione bibliotiste, ut patet per billam xvj', ij^ ob. 

Item x° die Decembris quo m"" collegii recedebat a collegio pro 
refectione ejusdem xx^, pane equino vj*, vino acri iij'^. et bona 

10 



146 

cerevisia uxoris Pecke non computata xiij''. ob, ut patet per 

billam iij^ vij**. ob. 

I. M. J. 1517-18. fo. 6. Item pro expensis m" Cokes quum equi- 
tavit ad magistrum pro assignatione compoti iiij'. 




R Bekensaw had not long been president when Henry 
VII. died, and Henry VIII. ascended the throne, 22 Apr. 
1509. 

The lady Margaret, mother of Henry VII., survived her son 
two months and died 29 June 1509, aged 68. Her first husband 
was Edmund of Hadham, earl of Richmond, who died 3 Nov. 
1456, leaving his son Henry only fifteen weeks old. By her 
other husbands sir Henry Stafibrd, son of Humphry duke of 
Buckingham, who died 1481, and Thomas lord Stanley, earl of 
Derby, who died 1504, she had no issue. After her third hus- 
band's death she took a vow of chastity. The inscription on her 
tomb in Henry VII.'s chapel in Westminster Abbey was com- 
posed by Erasmus, for which he had a reward of twenty 
shillings. (Dugdale, Bar. ii. 123, 237; i. 167. C. H. Cooper 
in C. A. S. Communications, i. 71. C. A, Halsted, Life of 
Margaret Beaufort, countess of Richmond and Derby. London, 
1839, 8vo. Baker's preface to bishop Fisher's Sermon.) 

On 10 May 1509 a general pardon was granted to the col- 
lege for all ofiences committed before 23 April, the second day of 
his reign (Deed in the college treasury) ; and on 25 Nov. 2 Hen. 
VIII. 1510 an Inspeximus charter was issued reciting and con- 
firming the deeds of 30 March 26 Hen. VI. 1448, for the foun- 
dation of the college, and of 5 March 13 Edw. IV. 1472-3 for 
the grant of St Nicholas' Court. 

It is as follows : 

HENRICUS DEI GRATIA Rex Anglie Francie et Dominus 
Hibernie omnibus ad quos presentes littere pervenerint Sahitem. 

Inspeximus litteras pateutes bone memorie domini H. nuper regis 
Anglie sexti presidenti et sociis Reginalis coUegii in universitate 
Cantebr. factis in hec verba : 

(Charter of 30 March, m Hen. VI. 1448). 



147 

Inspeximus etiam litteras patentes domini ¥j. mxtfer regis Anglie 
quarti eisdem presidenti et sociis factas in hec verba : 
(Charter of 5 March, 13 Edw. lY. 1473.) 

NOS AUTEM litteras predictas ac omnia et singula in eis con- 
tenta rata habentes et grata ea pro nobis et beredibus nostris quantum 
in nobis est acceptamus et approbamus ac dilectis nobis in Cbristo 
Roberto Bekansawe nunc presidenti et «ociis dicti coUegii et succes- 
soribus suis ratificamus et confirma'mus prout litere predicte rationa- 
bHiter testantur. 

In cujus rei testimonium has literas nostras fieri fecimus patentes. 
Teste meipso apud Westmonasterium vicesimo quinto die Novembris 
anno regni nostri secimdo. 

"Whitstons. 

Pro vigititi sdlidis solutis in lianaperio. 

This deed in the college treasury bears the grieat seal of 
England. 

I. M. J. 1510-11. fo. 233. Item pro confirHiatiene diversarum 
chartarum antiquarum a diversis regibus concessarum et pro 
nova charta regis Henrioi octavi, et pro aliis necessariis col- 
legii, ut ipatet ,per diversas billas x". xiij'. 

The following letter refers to the benefaction of Dr Trotter 
already referred to. The year is not mentioned, but the date 
seems to be 8 March 1510-11. 

To Mayst' docto' Melton. 
Ryght worshypfall & honorable maysf Chawnceler we yo"" trewe 
bedeme the vicep^'sident and the fella ws of the qwenys coladge I Cam- 
bryge hath us recomedyd to yo'' maygf^shyppe i owr moost charytable 
man"". And for asmoche as ye wold knowe of owr mynde as towch- 
yng the eomposicon be twyx matsf Trotf and us for a felaw and a 
bibyll clerk, whyche maisf Trotf p'posyd to have compleshyd be hys 
lyfie, we be tbe suyr knowledge that we have be thaym that be 
seniors amonges us whyche bave beyn p'sent I suche tymes as coTcacon 
hath beyn mynysteryd for the coplesment of the desyre of maisf 
Trotf and by suche lettyrs as we have of M. Trotters owne hand 
wrytyng insure yo" that M. Trotters wyll was to fynde a felaw & a 
bybyll clerk accordyng to owr ordinans & statutes to the whyche we 
gayffe assent and none od' wyse, and uppon thys receyvyd money of 
maysf Trotf to purches londes to the performyng of thys entent, 

10—2 



148 

whyche we wylbe gladde to fulfyll to owr powr desyryng yo' maistyi-- 
shyppe that hyt may be so orderyd, that hyt be not chargeable to 
owr powr place. But wher as men thynk that we shulde be bowynd 
to resayve a surgenaimt of Yorkshyre be cause we rasayvyd M. Stak- 
wose 1 mast' Trotf days, the treuyth ys thys that M. Stakwose was 
at that tyme p'ncypall of saynt Austeyns hostell wele lernyd vertuys 
& wyse, and be the reson of hys gooydnesse and by hys freynds came 
to suche favo'' of M. Trotf that he sent to us & desyryd us to electe 
hym fellawe : and thenne was he answeryd that ther was i the place 
a fellow of thys same shyre & that we myght not have no moo 
felowys of that shyr. Thenne desyryd M. Trotter by a specyall lett' 
for div'se consyderacons that he had to hys person that we wolde 
resayve hym as we myght felow or surgenat & pay hy x markes by 
yer of that lond that we purchesyd w* suche money as he gave hus 
for the entent be foresayd. We tend''ly cosyderyng the gooyd & 
blyssyd mynd he hadde unto us wer content y* the profyttes of the 
lond wer usyd aftyr hys mynd time of hys lyffe and so admyttyd 
M. Stakhows not as felow ne surgenawnt, as to whom whe shoulde be 
bowynd to pay anny perpetuite but only duryng the gooyd wyll of 
M. Trotf, in as moche as when he intedyd to take orders we wold 
not g'aunt hy hys tytle not w*standyng grate labur he mayde to us, 
as all od' have hadde whyche had ev' ony perpetuite of our coladge 
by cause we would gyffe none occasyon wher by he myghth pretend 
to have ony perpetuite of us. 

Nowe as towchyng y^ artycles that yo' maisf shyppe wold have 
answer of. The fyrst & p'ncypall y* we shuld be bowynde to have a 
sugernawnt of a c'tayn contre ys playne agayns the p'ncypall entent 
of owr fowndres, wych was to avoyde parcyalyte of contreys and 
a gayns div'se sev'^rall partes of owr statutes doyn & knowyn by dew 
examinacon aftyr owr wyt & lernyng and agayns the quyette lyvyg 
I owr coledge as we knowe by many occasyons of debate that war 
lyke to falle thereuppon and as of late we have had experiens. Therfor 
as I thys we desyre yo' maysf shyppe to be bnvolent & lovyng unto 
owr place and where as M. Trotf p'posyd to forthyr hyt y* ye 
hynd' hyt not ne desyr no thyng y* ys owdyr contrary to owr statutes 
or peys as we dowte tiot i yo" aftyr trewe informacon hadde but ye 
wyll entrete us getylly accordyng to the gooyd v'tu [and] gooyd lernyg , 
y* Godde have gevyn yo" as ye have doyn hytherto and we shal be as 
gladde to content yo' mynd I suche thynges as ye shall resonably 
req're of us as any me lyvyg as knowyth Godde whoo p's've yo' 



149 

masfshyppe I lielth bodyly and goystly. From the quenys coladge i 
Cabrydge y® viij day of marche. 

(Misc. A. fo. 18. b.) 

On 2 Dec. 8 Hen. VIII. 1516 a composition was made with 
Dr Melton (Cooper. Ath. i. 37), establishing a fellowship with 
the endowment of Dr Trotter. The fellow was to be of the 
diocese of York, and in the fifth year of his regency to preach in 
York Cathedral in memory of his founder. This arrangement 
continued till 1838, when by the Queen's letter all restrictions 
as to the birthplace of a fellow were done away. 

In Ealph Son gar, fellow of the college in the time of the 

first two presidents, gave to the college a field, probably that 
called Songar's mead of Furneaux Pelham, Herts, (note by 
Dr Plumptre). This first his brother James and after his death 
his executors kept from the college. In order to recover it, the 
two following petitions, dated 10 July 1510, were addressed, the 
one to the chancellor of queen Catharine, the other to the queen 
herself : — • 

I. 

Religiose et venerabili patri domino eancellavio regine prsesidens 
una cum sociis collegii Reginalis Cantebrigie salutem in Domino 
Jesu. 

Facit nos audaces, vel ea que manifestaria est vite tue integritas 
vel quem adversum ingenuas disciplinas harumque affectatores habes 
precij^uus amor, sollicitare istud mite pectus tunm ut optimam prin- 
cipem reginam nosti^am, cui tu merito a secretis es, in rem nostram 
pro qua nunc ad illam scripsimus, velis quoad potes adhortari. Bre- 
viter in summa res hec est : Radulphus Songar pridem collega noster 
vir probus et literatus, agro nos quodam suo donavit, post cujus hie 
decessum frater ejus Jacobus Songar illicite agrum occupans multos 
ilium a nobis annos (ut erat homo versutus et turbulentus) distinuit. 
Ipso nunc vita defuncto successerunt alii, quos non latet nostrum 
esse agrum ilium, adduci tanien nolunt utpote viri mundo dediti et 
egregie tenaces ut hujus nostri juris imperturbati potiamui-, sed et 
dudum irrumpentibus aliis idque illis auctoribus possessionem adi- 
mere conati sunt. Quare per Jesum te obsecramus, ut tua opera 
patronam habeamus reginam quatenus per equissimum vel sui vel 
regis consilium nostra injuria vindicetur, intelligantque homines isti 



150 

qui molestare gratum habent quid sua intersit facere. Itaque nos- 
trum hoc Eegine collegium demereberis et aos regine scholasticos 
beneficio donabis, cujus erga Deum non erimus immemores. B.ene 
vale. Cantebrigie sexto Idus Julias anno ©hristi M.ccccc°x°. Fidem 
in hoc nostro negotio quesumus adhibere velit paternitas tua optimo 
et fidissimo presidi nostro elemosinario I'egine. 

II 

Serenissime atque excellentissime principi Domine Catherine Dei 
gratia Anglie et Francie Regine et Domine Hybernie, domine 
nostre supreme, humiles ac devoti illius subditi et oratores presidens 
et socii collegii Reginalis Cantebrigie humilem subjectionem servi- 
tutem et obedientiam. 

Quum quidem, inclytissima princeps, preter et Tui generis nobili- 
tatem et forme gratiam, etiam Tiie Celsitudini beneficio Diei Optimi 
Maximi splendor quidam virtutum eximius accessit, usque adeo ut 
consentiente fere omnium voce optima prediceris, insuper quum Tue 
Majestati debere se plurimum litterati ac studiosi homines intelligant 
et nos Tue Amplitudini scolastici simus atque hoc quod incolimus abs 
Te regina Reginale collegium appelletur, facile persuasum habuimus- 
pro Tui animi singulari dementia et benignitate nostras preces apud 
Tuam Bonitatem non repulsam esse passuras, Nos proinde domestici 
Tui ad Te (pace dix erimus Tua) domesticam nostram principem 
et dominam audacter confugimus supplicissime obsecrantes ut pre- 
sidio tuo possimus citra inquietudinem sacre eruditioni vacare. ' Sed 
quorsum hec?' inquies. Certe quidam olim collega noster dictus 
Radulphus Songar sacerdos homo doctus et pius fundum quem habuit 
nobis dedit. Ceterum frater ejus Jacobus Songar, ut erat homo vario 
et perquam astuto ingenio, nos beneficio quamdiu vivebat defraudavit. 
Is nunc mortuus executores reliquit qui hunc fundum veraciter sciunt 
nostrum esse, attamen nolunt nos illo frui pacifice, sed antiquam 
altering proterviam emulantes salutem anime ejus neglectui habent. 
Denique jam dudum cum injuria nostra nobisque invitis adegerunt 
alios invadere et preoccupare hunc nostrum agrum. Quare impense 
oramus Mansuetudinem Tuam ut, pro judicio atque ex sententia 
consiliariorum vel tuorum vel regis, res hec discutiatur, quo tuum 
hoc collegium non falso diutius perturbetur. Universam hanc rem, 
optima princeps, plenius tibi audiendi erit ex preside nostro homine 
fidelissimo elimosinario Nobilitatis Tue. Que nostre partes sunt et 
esse debent, preces tibi nostras certo polliceri poteris ad misericordis- 



151 

simum Deum qui tuis votis adnuat gi'atiaqiie sua illustret semper. 
Amen. Ex Cantebrigia sexto Idus Julias anno Salutis M° quingen- 
tissimo x". 

Excellentissime Tue Majestatis devotissimi atque obseqxientissirai 
subditi et oratores presidens socii et scolastici collegii tui. 

(Misc. A. fo. 28) 

At Clavering, Essex, is the brass of Songar and his wife, 

c. 1480, beneath whose figures are two small groups of children, 
one of nine daughters, the other of four sous. As one of these sons 
is represented as a priest, this may be the monument of the father 
and mother of Kalph Songar, and he the priest among the sons. 
Ralph Songar was ' Capellanus R. Ricardi tertii ' (or more 
correctly, Ricardi ducis Gloucestrie) in 1485, from Michaelmas 

1485 he appears as Capellanus Otware, from Michaelmas 1486 
as Capellanus Alfrey, and his name disappears from the list 
of fellows after Easter 1486. As his death is spoken of as ' cuius 
hie decessus,' he seems to have died in college, and. the words 
* multos annos' would well enough represent the period between 

1486 and 1510. The praise of his learning (according to the 
standard of those times) is borne out by the entries in the 
bursars' books. 

I. M. J. 1484-85. fo. 23. M'" Songar pro lectura sancte 
Thome , xxxiij'. iiij''. 

There are similar entries in the next three half-years. 

I. M. J. 1508-09. fo. 216. Item oct' die sci Laurencii [17 Aug.] 
equitabara Claweryng prope Pellam pro pace fienda inter 
executores Jachobi Songar et firmarium nostrum, qui conati 
sunt eum expellere a domo sua quia faber et fir' narraverunt 
nobis mortem predicti ; propterea nituntur frangere hostium 
pasture et seras et boscum asportare a Joh. yr. [Yrelond] et 
m. Yenyn pres' arest. in quibus mansuetos feci et promiserunt 
in die exaltationis sancte Crucis [14 Sept.] collegium venire 
ad testamentum predicti Jachobi videndum et usque tunc non 
quicquam agere nee contra nos nee nosfcros ibidem iiij"*. 

1509-10. fo. 226. b. Pro expensis factis super domino cancellario 
regine et aliis consiliariis ix.\ iij''. 

It' expensis factis circa terras m" Songar ut patet per bil- 
1am i v". viij'. xj^ ob. 




152 

|N answer to letters written by Erasmus from Eome on 
April 29 and April 30^ lord Mountjoj, on 27 May 1509, 
wrote to Erasmus urging him to return to England (Ep. 
X. wrongly dated 1497, see address 'Ad lectorem'). Erasmus 
accordingly came to England, where he was on 8 Feb. 1510 (Ep. 
cix.). He seems to have paid a visit to Paris, as Ep. ex. is dated 
thence on 27 April 1510. On 21 Dec. 1510 he was at Cambridge 
(Ep. cxi.), where he continued to reside for four or five years, 
often visiting London. In- May 1511 he went on a pilgrimage 
to the shrine of our Lady of Walsingham, and left behind him 
a copy of Greek Iambic verses as an offering (Ep. cxiv.). Between 
11 July and 17 Aug. 1511, he went to London (Epp.. cxvi. cxvii. 
cxxi.), and on his return he resided in Queens' college for some time. 

^Queens Colledge'' (says Fuller, sub anno 1447) 'accounteth 
it no small credit thereunto, that M'asmus (who no doubt might 
have jptokt and chose what House he pleased) preferred this for 
the place of his study, for some yeers in Cambridge. Either in- 
vited thither with the fame of the learning and love of his friend 
Bishop Fisher, then Master thereof, or allured with the situation 
of this Colledge so neer the River (as Rotterdam his native place 
to the Sea) with pleasant walks thereabouts.' 

A great number of letters are dated from Cambridge 
during the years 1510 to 1513, but as they give no particulars 
of his residence in Queens' they are not further noticed. Among 
the Cambridge men whom he had made his friends- he men- 
tions (Ep. cxlviii.) the names of the following fellows of Queens' : 
Henry Bullock (Bovillus), John Fawn (Phaunus), who succeeded 
him in his professorship, John Vaughan (Vachanus) and Hum- 
phrey (Umfridus) Walkeden. 

The difficulty mentioned above in determining an exact 
chronology of Erasmus' life from his letters, seems to be greatest 
during the period of his residence in Cambridge. Le Clerc in his 
'Vie d'Erasme tiree de ses Lettres' in the Bibliotheque choisie 
[Amsterdam 12mo.] v. vi. 1705, which formed the ground- 
work of Jortin's longer 'Life of Erasmus' (London, 1758. 
2 Yols. 4to.), expresses his opinion thus: ' Je croi qu' Erasme 
lui m^me en publiant ses Lettres confusement, comme il le fit, y 
mit quelque fois des dates telles que sa m^moire les lui fournit. 



\ 



153 

sans les comparer ensemble.' (v. p. 206). Also see Rev. J. S. 
Brewer's pref. to ' Letters and Papers foreign and domestic in 
the reign of Henry YIII.' Yol. I. p. xv. ff. 

And again Le Clerc says with reference to this particular pe- 
riod : ' Pour revenir a nos Lettres, il 7 a un grand desordre dans 
les dates de plusieurs lettres datees de cette annde (1513) et des 
deux suivantes, qu'il n'a pas etd possible deredresser' (v. p. 188). 

Only three of Erasmus' letters are dated from Queens' college 
in Leclerc's edition of his Works, Vol. ill.; they are numbered 
cxvi, cxvii and cxviii. 

The first is written to Andreas Ammonius of Lucca, the 
pope's collector in England, Latin secretary to the king, canon 
of St Stephen's Westminster and of Salisbury, and is dated 
' Cantabrigia e coUegio Reginse 17 Augusti anno 1511.' 

The second is addressed to dean Colet, and was written 24 
Aug. 1511. Neither of these contains any information about his 
stay in Queens' college : in the latter he mentions the accidents 
of his journey from London. 

The third is here transcribed : — 

Erasmus Rot. Andrese Ammonio sue S.D. 
Mitto ad te literas ad Bombasium scriptas. De statu meo nihil 
adhuc novi est, quod scribam, nisi iter fuisse incommodissimum, et 
valetudinem adhuc subdubiam esse a sudore illo. Videor mihi saltern 
ad dies aliquot in hoc collegio commoraturus. Auditoribus nondum 
copiam mei feci, cupiens valetudini inservire. Cerevisia hujus loci 
mihi nullo modo placet nee admodum satisfaciunt vina ; si possis 
efficere, ut uter aliquis vini Grsecanici quantum potest optimi hue 
deportaretur, plane bearis Erasmum tuum, sed quod alienum sit a 
dulcedine. De pecunia nihil sis sollicitus ; mittetur et ante tempus, 
si voles. Jam hoc commodorum quae ex bullis sanctissimis capi- 
untur, initium est, siti enecamur. Tu conjicito csetera. Et nondum 
trajecimus. Bene vale, charissime Ammoni. Ex collegio Reginse 25. 
Augusti, An. 1511. 

In the lives of eminent men, by John Aubrey, printed at the 
end of " Letters written by eminent persons, publ. from the 
originals in the Bodleian Library and Ashmolean Museum" 
(2 vols. 8°. Lond. 1813), we find some traditional notices of 
Erasmus' sojourn in Queens' college derived from Andrew Pas- 



154 1 

chal, fellow of Queens' and rector bi Chedsey, Somersetshire, 
1652-1663, communicated in 1680 (ii. 340—344), -^ 

* The staires which rise up to his studie at Queen's College, 
in Cambr. doe bring first into two of the fairest chambers in the 
ancient building ; in one of them, which lookes into the hall and 
chief court, the Vice-President kept in my time ; in that ad- 
joyning, it was my fortune to be, when fellow. The chambers 
over are good lodgeing roomes ; and to one of them is a square 
turret adjoyning, in the upper part of which is the study of 
Erasmus ; and over it leads. To that belongs the best prospect 
about the colledge, viz. upon the river, into the corne-fields, and 
countrey adjoyning. So y' it might very well consist with the 
civility of the House to that great man (who was no fellow, and 
I think stayed not long there) to let him have that study. His 
sleeping roome might be either the Vice-President's, or to be 
neer to him, the next. The room for his servitor that above it, 
and through it he might goe to that studie, which for the height, 
and neatnesse, and prospect, might easily take his phancy.' m 

Aubrey says: ' He studied sometime in Queen's colledge in 
Cambridge, his chamber was over the water. He mentions his 
being there in one of his Epistles, and blames the beer there. 
One long since wrote in the m argent of the book in Coll. Libr. 
in which that is said — Sicut erat in principio, &c. and all M' 
Paschall's time they found fault with the brewer.' 

Thomas Fuller's account of Erasmus represents the tradition 
of an earlier age than Andrew Paschal by a quarter of a century, 
as he was admitted a pensioner of Queens' 29 June 1621. 
He says (sub anno 1504) : 

About this time ERASMUS came first to Cambridge (com- 
ing and going for seven years together) having his abode in 
Queens Colledge, {vide the date of his first Epistle lihro 8.) where 
a Study on the top of the South-west Tower in the old Court stil , i 
retaineth his name. Here his labour in mounting so many ' 
stairs (done perchance on purpose to exercise his body, and pre- 
vent corpulency) was recompensed with a pleasant prospect 
round about him.' 

No traces of his residence in Queens' are to be found in the 
bursars' books, nor in any other document belonging to the 



155 

college. It has been however a constant tradition at Queens', 
that he was for some time resident in it ; and as no other college 
has any tradition on the subject, or puts forward any claim to 
the honour of having sheltered the great scholar within its walls, 
in spite of the want of contemporary evidence on the subject 
beyond the dates of the above three letters, he must be still re- 
garded, if belonging to any college at all, as belonging to Queens'. 

From the words, ' Videor mihi saltern ad dies aliquot in hoc 
collegio commoraturus', it would seem that the college was not 
the abode of Erasmus during the whole time that he resided in 
the university. In one of his letters to Henry Bullock, Ep. 
cxlviij; dated Kochester, 31 Aug. 1513, (really 1516 see ' Adlec- 
torem ') among greetings to Cambridge friends he says, ' Salutabis 
...veteremhospitem meumGerardum ;' this probably was Garret 
the bookseller (bibliopola, Ep. cxli) ; Erasmus may have lived in 
his house, and hence Garret would be well acquainted with his 
habits. Roger Ascham, who came to the university about 1530, 
says in his ToxopMlus, written in 1544 (London, 4to. 1571, fo. 
10) : 'Pastimes for the minde only, be nothing fit for studentes, 
because the body, which is most hurt by study, should take no 
profite at all thereat. This knewe Erasmus very well, when hee 
was here in Cambridge : which, when he had been sore at his 
book (as Garret, our bookebynder, hath very oft told me) for lack 
of better exercise, would take his horse, and ryde about the market 
hill and come' (perhaps it should be 'home') 'againe.' (Jortin's 
Life, ii. 720.) 

Samuel Knight in his 'Life of Erasmus' (8vo. Cambr. 1726) 
has the following, p. 124; it were to be wished that he had 
given his authority for his statements : — 

' As Erasmus then was first invited down to Camhridge by 
Bishop Fisher, Chancellor of the University, and Head of 
Queens' College ; so we find it was to this Prelate that he 
ascribes all the Advantages he found in that Place, being accom- 
modated by him with everything needful in his own Lodgings at 
Queens, and promoted by his means to the Lady Margaret's 
Professorship of Divinity and afterwards to the Greek Professor's 
chair, which places, tho' they were more honourable than pro- 
ifitable, yet were of great service to the University.' 



156 , 

In a note lie adds ' This seems to contradict a Tradition in 
tliis College, that he kept in another Chamber, which bears his 
Name to this Day : and not in the Masters Lodge, but this more 
probably was his study.' 

Mr Knight gives an engraving of the rooms between the 
hall and Silver-street, and along Silver-street, shewing the 
tower, which contains Erasmus' study. 

The Lady Margaret's Professorship seems. to be alluded to 
in the following extract from Ep. cxxiii. to Andreas Ammonius, 
dated Cambridge, 15 Oct. 1511. 

Hactenus perlegimus Chrysolorse Grammaticen, sed paucis ; for- 
tassis frequentiori auditorio Theodori Graminaticam axtspicabimur : 
fortassis et theologicatn lectionem suscipiemns, nam id nunc agitur. 
Qusestus minor quam ut me moveat, tamen interim et bene meremur 
de studiis pro nostra quoque virUi et menses aliquot (ut Ovidiano 
utar verbo) decipimus. 

He alludes to his teaching at Cambridge in a letter (Ep. 
Apip. viii.) to Servatius, prior of the regular canons of Stein, 
dated from Ham in Picardy, 9 July 1514, where in speaking of 
the encouragement he had received in England, he says : 

Sunt hie duse Universitates, quarum utraque ambit habere me, 
Oxonia et Cantabrigia : nam Cantabrigise menses complures docui 
Grsecas et sacras Litteras, idque gratis, itaque semper facere decretum , 
est. Sunt hie collegia, in quibus tantum est religionis, tanta vitse mo- 
destia, ut nullam religionem sis prse hac non contemturus, si videas. 

In 1515 he left England and wandered about from town to fj 
town in the Netherlands, returning once to London, till in 1521 ; 
he finally settled at Basle, where (with the exception of six) 
years) he remained till he died, 12 July 1536. 




N 20 April 1513 there was a great fire in Cambridge, which I 
destroyed many houses : amongst them was a house near 
the mills, given to St Peter's college by Dr John Wark- 
worth, master of that society (Cooper, Ann). The fire was nean 
to Queens' college, and is thus alluded to in the college accounts : 

I. M. J. 1512-13. fo. 254. b. Martino Jonsoon pro duobiis homi- 



157 

nibus qui portaveruut palos a magno igne qui tunc erat eirca 
collegium vij'*. 

In 1514 a subsidy of a tenth and a fifteenth was granted by 
the parliament to the king for the purpose of carrying on the 
war with France (Journals of the House of Lords, Vol. i. p. xxv.) 

I. M. J. ,1513-14, fo. 265. h. Item pro expensis m" Staynbank et 
m"' Pomell cum serviente et tribus equis per quipque dies 
Londoniis dum acquirebaut brevia pro exoneratione unius 
XV* et X* nuper concesse, ut patet per billam xxxiij^ v**. 

In 1514 the cycle of colleges was arranged for the appoint- 
ment of proctors to avoid the controversies which had previously 
prevailed at their election. In 44 years Queens' college was to 
have 8 appointments, St John's and King's also having 8, and 
the hostels between them 10. 

In 1515 a pavement was laid down in front of, and also 
within the college. 

I. M. J. 1514-15. fo. 271. b. Item vj° die Aprilis Ricardo 
Cooper et socio ejus pro factura unius pavimenti ante hos- 
tium collegii continens xiij"" ix virgas, et pro factura pavi- 
menti infra collegium continens Ivj virgas, et pretium virge 
!•* ob. X?. 

fo. 272. Item solutum est Johanni Orton vectori pro arena et 
ceno pro sexaginto bigatis arene pro pavimento infra colle- 
gium et pro pavimento ante magnam portam collegii xv'. 

In 1517 there was a dispute, of which the particulars are lost, 
between the college and John Ireland, who had been one of the 
fellows, but had left the society in 1513. 

I. M. J. 1516-17. fo. 294. b. Item m™ Nelson procurator! in 

causis collegii adversus m'""'" Yrelonde ij'. 

Item vicecancellario pro actione incepta se coram adversus pre- 

dictum m'^'"" Yrelonde ij"*. 

It seems to have been amicably settled, and on 14 Oct. 
9 Hen. VIII. 1517 the college gave him a release of all claim on 
him (Misc. A. fo. 30. b). He appears to have visited the college 
in 1525 and 1527, and to have been received hospitably. 



158 

On 3 March 10 Hen. VIII. 1518-9, Dr Bekensaw and tlie 
fellows of the college bj indenture granted permission to John 
Craforth, M.A. one of the fellows to go to the court or any other 
place for his learning or profit for three years with the full 
stipend of a resident fellow, £6. ISs. 4<d., John Craforth agreeing 
to resign his fellowship on the Lady-day then next ensuing. 
For the due observance hereof they gave a bond of £40. 

On 24 Jan. 11 Hen. VIII. 1519-2.0, the college released Mr 
Craforth of all claim on him on their part (Misc. A. fo. 31, 32), 

There seems to have been some dispute between the college 
and Craforth, but no particulars have been found. He had been 
fellow since 1514. He was afterwards canon of Cardinal college, 
Oxford, 1525, master of Clare hall, 1530, fellow of University 
college, Oxford, 1539, and master of that college, 1546. He 
died 1547 (Cooper, Ath. i. 92). 

II. M. J. 1518-19. fo. 7. M' Craxiforth recepit ultra stipendium 

suum sibi debitum pro hoc anno ex consensu magistri et 

sociorum iij". vj\ viij*. 

fo. 14. Item Edwardo Heynes notario communi eo quod scripsit 

renunciationem societatis M. Johannis Crauforth iij^ iiij**. 

1519-20. fo. 25. Item solutum est m'" Johanni Crafforthe pro 

finali determinatione inter ilium et collegium... xvj". xiij\ iiij^. 
(Preter quinque marcas qnas Doctor Jenyns presidens coUegii dedit 

dicto Johanni Crafforth ex propriis pecuniis. Marginal note.) 
Item solutum est m'" Doctor! Nateras pro eadem determinatione 

pro predicto M. Ci-afforth xxxiij^ iiij'*. 

Item in expensis super arbitros inter collegium et m'"™ Oraf- 

fox'th xvi*. 



Dr Bekensaw resigned the presidentship about March 1518-9: 
the bursars' accounts contain the following items referring to this 
event : — 

I. M. J. 1518-19. fo. 14. Item in expensis factis per magistrum 
in tempore renunciationis sui oflacii, ut patet per billam 
coci , vij'. iuj*. ob. 

Item pro expensis factis per magistrum in tempore sue resignationis 
quum erant socii noviter electi, ut patet per billam. . . v'. iiij*. ob. 



159 

(Simon Heynes, Thomas Hath way, Walter Bygrave and — Hob- 
son were elected fellows about 18 March 1518-9.) 

I^othing is recorded of the motives which led to this step. 

On 13 June 1523 he was installed prebendary of All Saints' 
in Hungate in the church of Lincoln, having been collated to it 
on 11 May (Le Neve). 

He died 21 Jan. 1525-6, aged about 50, 

At his death he left a legacy of 40s. to the university (Grace- 
book B. fo. 480), but he is not recorded as a benefactor to the 
college. 

His arms were : Gu. a saltire engrailed and voided between 
three fleur-de-lis, or. 



In the time of this president a fourth seal was in use in the 
college ; it is a very debased copy of the third one, the inscrip- 
tion only being slightly different : 

^igiUtt. tot colkgii. rcgmalis scor' margatetc tt htxmxtii 
canf. 

There is a small seal of the college, which may belong to 
this period. It is oblong, of the Vesica piscis shape, measuring 
If in. by l^^in. It bears only St Margaret with her dragon 
under a canopy, and the inscription in gothic letters, 

^. aij cnusas colkgii ugial. cant. 

The workmanship of this seal is very poor. 



The following miscellaneous extracts from the bursars' 
30oks belong to the presidentship of Dr Bekensaw : — 

I. M. J. 1511-12. fo. 243. a. Quatuor pauperibus scholaribus 
emundantibus curiam exteriorem et interiorem per duos dies 
et dim. erga festivitatem Pasche x'^*- 

1512-13. fo. 256. b. Munday ferrario pro tribus clavibus pro camera 
bibliotistarum "^iij^- 

fo, 257. Pro expensis factis super collectionem xv' comitatus 
Cant, apud signum Faconis j**. 

fo. 257. b. In bona cerevisia pro magistro vicepresidenti et aliis 
qui computarunt librum comitatis j"*. 



ito 



1 



1513-14. fo. 266. K Item solvi uno paiiperi scolari pro emiindatione 

curie et claustri collegii juxta festum Pasche vj''. 

1514-15. fo. 276. Imprimis pro carta et atramento pro toto hoc 

anno viij". 

Item pro dudbus bagges in quibus ponuntur pecunie v*. 

Item pro potu in turre J • 

Item pro vino et sacaro et strauberis quum m' Nieols pransus est 

hie iij"- 

1515-16. fo. 283. a. Item Thome Turle plumbario pro centum et 

xij"'"" libris plumbi fusi pro turri tegendo, pretium libri ob, q' 

summa totalis "^ij'* ^^ • 

fo. 288. b. Item pro communiis magistri, sui capellani et quin- 

que famulorum pro duabus septimanis viij^ vij^ ob. 

1516-17. fo. 290. Coe magistri et domini Goderyck pro sept*. 

sancte Lucie ^f' 

II. M. J. 1517 — 18. fo. 3. Item Ricardo Kobyns pro emendatione 

unius libri portorii in scolis nostris iij • 




161 




c March 1518-9— c. Dec. 1526. 
10—18 Hen. VIII. 

FTER Dr Bekensaw's resignation, John Jenyn was 
elected fifth president of the college, probably in 
March 1518-9. He was the first president who is 
recorded to have received his education in the col- 
lege; he was elected fellow before Easter 1495, at which time 
he first appears among the 'socii sacerdotes,' being then 
M.A. In the years 1496-97 and 1497-98 he was bursar of the 
college. In 1499 he appears as 'principalis exterior hospitii 
sancti Bernardi.' 

I. M. J. 1499-1500. fo. 137. Item allocatum m" Jennyn princi- 
pali exteriori hospitii sancti Bernardi pro pensione unius 
sisatoris in hospitio dicto ij^ 

- He was dean of the chapel in 1501-02, andLasby preacher 
in 1504-06. 

In 1503 he served the office of proctor of the university, was 
vice-president of the college in 1505, and having proceeded B.D. 

in was presented 19 Nov. 1509 to the vicarage of Harrow- 

on-the-hill by Thomas Wilkynson, rector of Harrow. (The 
church of Harrow had formerly both a rector and a vicar; the 
rectory was a sinecure, to which the archbishop collated a rector, 
who thereupon became patron of the vicarage : it is now only a 
vicarage. Newcourt, i. 638.) This living of Harrow he kept 
;till his death in 1538. 

Although John Jenyn's name disappears from the list of 
fellows after Christmas 1510, probably at the expiration of his 

11 



162 

year of grace, he yet kept up some connexion with the college, 
as we find him in 1516 and 1517 employed by it to superintend 
some work done on the college estate in Bermondsey street, 
Southwark. 

I. M. J. 1515-16. fo. 285. Item paid to m"^ Jenyn vycar of Har- 
row of the hill for such somes as he hadd paid to Thomas Hall, 
carpentar for the frame at Barmyssay strete vj". xiij'. iiij'^. 

fo. 286. Pro pipionibus pistis in iiij"'' pastellis et sumptu 
pisture eorundem, quorum unum erat datum cancellario regi- 
nali, secundum m''" Jenyne, et duo erant comesta Londini per 
vicepresidentem m'''"" Jenyne et ballivum occiipat' in causis 
coUegii apud Barmyssay strete ij^ yj^ 

1516-17. fo, 295. b. Item pro uno pastello pepionum destinato 
m™ Jehyn et pro vectura ejusdem Londinias xij'*. 

In March 1518-9 he became president of Queens' college, 
and in 1520 commenced D.D. 




|N 1520 Cardinal "Wolsey visited the university and was 
received with great honours. Complimentary orations 
were made before him by Bryan Roo (or Rowe) M.A. 
fellow of King's college, and Henry Bullock, D.D. fellow of 
Queens' college, the latter being delivered ' prgesentibus Ceesaris i 
oratoribus et nonnuUis aliis episcopis ' (Cooper, Ann. i. 303. 
Ath. i. 34, 41). During his stay in Cambridge he lodged at ' 
Queens' college, which had been cleaned and whitewashed for ' 
his reception. 

II. M. J. 1519-20. fo. 22. Item solvi Johanni Bon valence pro i 
opera ij dierum circa albefactionem magne camere ergaadven-i 
tum dni. Cardinalis xij*^. ' 

Item Johanni Bonvayle pro labore v dierum circa albefactionem i 
aule claustri et sacelli erga adventum dni. Cardinalis . . . ij^ vj'*. ^ 

Item Willelmo Mayner pro preparatione summitatis aule et depo- > 
sitione telarum aranearum iiij^ 

fo. 26. Item solvi m""" Bond pro expensis suis quum equitabat 
ad procurandum cignos erga adventum dni Cardinalis... ij% vj". 



163 

Item Jolianni Buttler de Erethe pro iij gruibus, x'., iij luces, 

x^, iij trenches, vij^ xxvii^ 

(Part of the fen at Earith on the Ouse near St Ives is 
called Crane Fen.) 

Item eidem Johanni pro iij cignis datis dno Cardinali xv^ 

Item solvi cuidam paupercule pro cirpibus [rushes] camere dhi 

Cardinalis iiij"*. 

(Many other similar items occur, as well as gifts to the servants 
of the cardinal.) 

On his departure the cardinal left as a present to the college 
£10. (II. M. J. fo. 19, note). 

In 1517-18 the queen Catharine of Aragon had intended to 
visit the college. 

II. M. J. 1517-18. fo. 5.b. Item in regardo dato Willelmo Telar 
famulo regine, cum venit ad collegium cum Uteris ad in- 
sinuandum nobis adventum regine, et pro vino eidem collato 
et jantaculo iij'. x*. ob. 

And again in 1519 she sent her pursuivant to enquire 
* whether Cambrigge stood cler from eny contageous sykkenesse 
or no, forasmoche as hir Grace entended to take hir Georney to 
o' lady of Walsyngham.' (Cooper, Ann. i. 302.) 

II. M. J. 1519-20. fo. 21. Item Thome Meryk et socio suo 
laborantibus circa preparationem magne camere per sex dies 
ergo adventum regine iiij^ 

fo. 25. Item solvi cuidam famulo regine (vocato pursevaunt) 
qui demonstravit nobis de regine adventu in regardo xx**. 

fo, 25. b. Item in Quadragesima solutum est magistro coUegii 
pro expensis ab Harow ad Cantabrigiam qtium rumor erat de 
adventu regine iij"- 

At last in 1520-1, about 25 Feb. queen Catherine visited the 
college and stayed there three days (II. M. J. fo. 19). 

II. M. J. 1520-21. fo. 32. Item xvi die Februarii Johanni 
Brownson vitrario pro emendatione fenestrarum in cubiculo 
regine erga ejus adventum xxij . 

Item in crastino sancti Matthie Ricardo Robyns carpentario pro 
opere servi sui per iij dies integros et fere quartum erga 

adventum regine xxij'*. 

11—2 



164 

fo. 35. b. Pro cii'pis erga adventum regine in coUegmm . . . iij^ i^^. 
Item xxiij Februarii die pro iij li. candelarum pro magistro . . . iij''. 
Item xxviij die Februarii "W. Crosseley pro bona servisia tem- 
pore quo regine illustrissima fait apud nos viij**. 

Item xxix die Februarii m'" Maxwell pro quarta mamseti data 
famulis regine iiij**, pro sucario ij"*, pro candelis et bona servi- 
sia ij*, pro lotione linthiaminum que famuli regine habue- 
runt ij'^ x**. 

Item d°° Bigi'ave pro duabus clavibus ostii cubiculi sui et pro 
reparatione dnarum serarum quas fregerunt famuli re- 
gine viij^ 

fo. 36. Item solvi magistro pro vino quod comparavit erga ad- 
ventum regine xxv^ vj"*. 

The college made the queen a present, which cost them 
£2. 18s. 5d. :— | 

II. M. J. 1520-21. fo. 35. Item Miloni Bethune pro dono quod 
collegium dedit regine Iviij'. v*. 



John Lambert (B.A. 15...) procured queen Catharine's 
letters recommendatory to the college for the purpose of obtain- 
ing his election to a fellowship. The college resisted this, and 
wrote to the queen's council and to the queen herself the letters 
given below. The latter gives full particulars of the reasons of 
their opposition. (Misc. A. fo. 32. b. 33.) 



Prudentissimis ac gravissirais viris, gratiosissime ac nobilissime 
regine consiliariis. 
Jam pridem litteras a nobilissima ac modis omnibus gratiosissima 
regine ad nos transmissas, quicquid alii dixerint (quibus credimus 
voSj que vestra est gravitas et experientia minime ascultaturos), ea 
reverentia, que dicet scolasticos ejus Celsitudini addictissimos acce- 
pimus, quarum summa hue pertinebat, ut dominum Lambertum in 
artibus baccalaureum in hujus nostri sodalitatem reciperemus; quod 
non solum perlibenter sed incunctanter fueramus faeturi, si talis exti- 
tisset qualem nobis statuta nostra prescribunt et nos jurejurando 



165 

iaterposito tenemur ad hoc qualecxmque sodalitium eligere. Cetenim 
ut intelligeretur nicliil nobis chariiis aut antiqiiins post Deiim ejus be- 
neplacito, non solum electionem nostram hactenus distulimus, sed et 
patrem bominis ad nos vocavimus rogautes ut filium suuni exercitande 
eruditiouis causa ad nos perduceret habiturum integrum socii sjipen- 
diura, per annum, et si interea inveniretur idoneus, absque ulteriori 
prorogatione admitteretur in socium. Hanc conditionem recusavit 
pater, — quam consulte vestrum erit judicium. Ptogamus igitur et 
obtestamur vos per vestram prudentiam et generositatem, ne credatis 
cuipiam aliquid sinistre de nobis referenti qui arbitramur vos ves- 
trapte facturos, et nos si quid jusseritis quod non repuguat divinis et 
nostris legibus quam libentissime vobis obtemperabimus. Valete in 
Christo Jesu, patroni singulares. Ex Cantebi-igia, nonis Juliis 1521. 

II. 

To the quene. 

Moost excellent and gracyos p'nces yowre orators and scolers the 
masf and felowes of youre college callyd the queues college in Camb. 
humblie beseches yowre grace to be good and gracios fownderes 
[unto] theym. So it is, gracios p''nces, that yo"* orators and scolers 
have resayved yo'' gi-'"cios letturs whereby they perceyve that yo'' g''ce 
wold that they shuld electe & chose won Jhoii Lambert bacheler in 
arte unto the rowme of a ffelow in yo"" sayd coledge, and also yo' g'ce 
wold that they shuld obs'"ve & kepe owr statutes & ordinauuces of 
yo"" seid coledge whiche statutes wyll that they shall not electe nor 
chose ony man to the rowme of a felow but suche as they knowe 
vertuus & well lernyd. But so it is that whan they resayvyd yo' 
g'cios letters, they did not knowe hys v'tu nor lernyg, whei-for Icon- 
tynetly aftyr that they had red yo"" seid g'cyus letters they iq'red 
of hys frendes & acq^yntans I the univ'syte and specially of hys 
masters and tutars whiche had knowledge botht of hys v'tu & of hys 
lernyg, and demaunded of theym whed' they wold depose for hy, 
and they asweryd and seid they wold not depose for hym. Nev'the- 
les yo' seid oratores and scolers movyd the fad' of the sayd Jhon 
Lambert to bryngge hy to yo' seid coledge that he might be herd 
owther argu or answer i a q^'styon of logycke or philosophic, or 
ellys pVatly to p'sent hy selfe to the felaws to thentont that they 
might appose hy &, knowe hys lernyg; but he wold not. Notwyth- 
standyng yet yo' seid scolers desyryd the father of the seid Jhoii 



166 

Labert to send hys soone to yo'" coledge and he shuld have ther an 
honest chambyr and x m^'kes for won yer & hys lernyg and yf they 
myght perceyve I the meane tyme that he wer vertuus & like to 
be lernyd that thane they wil elect & chose hym felaw, as yo' g'ce 
wold have theym to do : but all theys offers & mocyons hys father 
ofte ''tymes have refusyd. Wherfor yo' sayd orators & scolers 
humbly beseches yo' g'ce i discharge of theyr consciens and othe 
made to yo' college, to be good and g'cyous founderes unto theym and 
suffre theym to have free eleccon according to the statutes and ordi- 
nances ther, and they shall dayly pray for the prosperous estate of the 
moste noble prynce Kynge Henry the viij*^ and for the prosperos con- 
tinuans of yo' g'ce and for all yo' progeny. 

By the mast' and felaws of yo' coledge 

callyd the quenys coledge i Cabrydge. 

This was John Lambert, who was afterwards (1538) burnt 
at Smithfield for denying the real presence in the Holy Eucha- 
rist (Cooper, Ath. i. 67). In spite of this remonstrance he 
seems to have been elected fellow, but not to have continued so 
long, as he is mentioned in the bursars' books as such only from 
Michaelmas 1521 to Easter 1522. 

The following items in the college accounts refer to the 
above : — 

II, M. J. 1520-21. fo. 36. Item pro cera pro Uteris sigillandis 
ad reginam j^. 

fo. 43. Item Willelmo Schawe pro vino et ala quum aderat m' 
Lamberde ix^ 

fo. 44. Item pro sizatione d°' Lamberde et communiis ejus- 
dem vj'. 



In 1518 and 1522 Dr Matthew Makarell, the celebrated 
abbat of Barlings (Cooper, Ath. i. 61. 531), seems to have been 
a resident in the college. 

II. M. J. 1520-21, fo. 35. b. Item (x° Martii m'" presidenti) 
pro factione unius obligationis d''^ Makerell iiij"*. 

fo. 36. Item m'° Garrett pro absentia doctoris Makrell in festis 
Pasche et Nativitatis Domini anno quo ipse fuit thesaurarius 
(1518-19) viij^ 

1521-22, fo. 44. Item m'" Hadway pro cisatione doctoris Make- 
rell, ut patet per librum m" Hadway ij'. iiij^ ob, q. 



167 

In 1522 King Henry VIII. visited the university (Cooper, 
Ann. i. 305) ; the college expenses connected with this visit are 
appended : — 

II. M. J. 1521-22, fo. 40. b. Item Johanni Sturde laboranti apud 
nos erga adventum regis per duos dies viij**- 

fo. 43. b. Item pro cignis datis regi in suo adventu ad Canta- 
brigian! xxviij'. ij^ 

Item pro cirpis stratis in camera regine xij. ob. 

Item servientibus regis tempore quo erat rex in urbe, in 
regardo vj^ viij'*. 

Item uni servient! regis in regardo , xx*. 

Item in vino et ala pro servientibus regis xij*. 

Item pro piscib!!S recentibus emptis tempore quo erat rex in 
urbe xij'. viij"*. 

In 1522-23 we find the first mention of the plays afterwards 
so frequently performed by the members of the college in the 
hall. It was one of the comedies of Plautus, as appears from the 
following extracts from the bursars' accounts : — 

II. M. J. 1522-23, fo. 51. b. Item Ricardo Robyns [carpentario] 
pro labore si!o quum agebatur comedia Plauti etc iij'^. 

Item pro clavis dictis Tenternayles, quibus firmabantur orname!!ta 
edium in eadem comedia j**. ob, 

fo. 52. Item m™ Smythe [pro tunc majori] pro cereis sive funerali- 
bus que emimus propter comediam Plauti, quum agebatur 
apud nos iij'. v**. 

On 10 Apr. 15 Hen. VIII. 1524, a bond for £40 was given 
by Dr Jenin, president, and the fellows of the college, to Dr 
Kobert Shorton, master of Pembroke hall, 1518-34 (Cooper, 
Atk i. 55), and Dr William Capon, master of Jesus college, 
1516-46 (Cooper, Ath. i. 100), commissioners of Cardinal 
Wolsey, that they would ' suffer the ward, arbitrement, ordi- 
nance and jugement' of the said commissioners to be made be- 
tween Antliony Maxwell and Symon Heynys, clerks, ' to take 
eifect accordyng to the same in every poynt ; withowt ony maner 
let or disturbance of the seyd president and felaws.' (Misc. A. 
fo. 34. b.) , 



168 

II. M. J. 1523-24. fo. 60. b. Item pro dono dato doctoribus Shir- 
ton et Capon vj\ viij"*. 

Item pro uno pottell de ypocras pro doct. Sbirton et Capon... xx*. 

Item pro alteri pottell pro doctore Capon xx"*. 

Item pro ly caraweys eodem tempore iiij**. 

Item pro bona ala eodem tempore ij*. 

Item pro scriptione obligationis inter collegium et doct. Shyrton 
et Capon viij''. 

MicM 1526 — Mids'. 1527, fo. 88. Item solutum pro expensis 
m" Harvi m" Maxwell m'' Townley in causis collegii coram 
doctore Sburton doctore Capon et doctore Nateras ut patet 

per billas iiij". xvuj^ 

(The whole of this article is erased with the pen.) 



In 1525 some differences which had arisen between the 
fellows and the president came to a head. They turned chiefly 
on the allowances to the master for his scholar, his horses, his 
fuel, and his bills for his expenses ' in causis collegii.' In that 
year Mr Simon Heynes, afterwards president, was sent to 
London by the society to complain of the misconduct of the 
president before Cardinal Wolsey and the other counsellors of 
the queen. (An agreement made between the president and the 
fellows in Jan. 1528-9 will shew very minutely the causes of 
this disagreement.) The affair lasted If years, and Mr Heynes 
made many journeys to London. At last Dr Jenyn was re- 
moved from the presidentship, probably about Dec. 1526. The 
following entries in the bursars' book refer to this contention : 



*o 



II. M. J. 1524-25, fo. 67. b. Item in expensis factis versnm 
Londinum per m"" Pomell, Hayns, Hervy et unum ministrum 

ut patet per billam xviij^ vj''. 

('versus doctorem Jenyn tunc presidentem,' marginal note in 
a nearly contemporary hand) 

fo. 1525-26. fo. 81. Item in expensis super nuncium qui adduxlt 
Jurnale collegii a Londino ad Cantebrigiam v**. 

In expensis m" Heynes missi per majorem partem sociorum ad 
conquerendum de malefactis doetoris Jenyn coram Eev"" dno 
cardinal! et consiliariis illustrissime regine multis vicibiis, ut 



169 

patet per billas suas, per spacium unius anni et tria anni quar- 
teria et pro expensis aliorum sociorum per ipsum solutis 
diversis vicibus tempore predicto xvj". ij'. viij*^. 

Item pro expensis m" Pomell, m" Garret, m" Heynes, m" Hath- 
wey, m" Yavasor et servientis contra dictum doctorem 
Jenyn coram Rev""" dnb et ejus deputatis, expositis per m™"" 
Vavasor ut patet per billam v". iiij\ viij**. 

Item pro eorundem expensis ibidem expositis per m''""" Hatbwey, 
ut patet per billam suam xvj'. iiij*. 

MicV. 1526— Mids'. 1527, fo. 89. Item solvi pro expensis m" 
Heynes factis in termino Hylarii [23 Jan. — 12 Feb. 1526-7] 
pro causa inter collegium et doctorem Jenyn ut patet per 
billam xj^ vij"*. 



We find the following notices of Dr Jenyn after his removal 
from the mastership in the college books : — 

II. M. J. 1525-26, fo. 81. b. Pro vino dato m™ Jenyn vj''. 

Pro duobus lupillis datis eidem ad mandatum magistri xiij**. 

Mich'. 1526 — Mids'. 1527, fo. 88. Item in expensis doctoris 
Gening in itinere ad collegium in tempore computus et pro 
pabulo equorum hie et pro expensis versus Harrow... xix'. viij**. 

Forinseca Recepta 1525-26. Pro sizatione et detrimentis Doc- 
toris Jenyn xvj\ iiij"*. 

Dr Jenyn died before 11 Jan. 1538-39, on which day he was 
succeeded in the vicarage of Harrow by Arthur Layton (New- 
court). 

His arms were : Arg, two bendlets and a bordure engrailed 
Sa. 



In the college accounts for the time that Dr Jenyn was pre- 
sident, the following miscellaneous items occur : — 

II. M. J. 1518-19, fo. 15. Item pro vino expenso super magis- 

trum rotularum quum visitabat collegium iiij**. 

(Dr Cuthbert Tunstal, 1516-22.) 

1518-19, fo. 15. b. Item domino de Pamsforth duo paria ciro- 
thecarum per man us m""' Pomell viij''. 



170 



fo. 37. Item cuidam homini de Bedforth pro nova campana pro 
oralogio nostro , , viij^ 

1521-22, fo. 40. b. Item carpentario facienti locum pro campana 

orologii pro tribus diebus , iiij''. 

(together with payments to 2 sawyers, 2 carpenters, and 
2 plumbers) 

Item Johanni Grene pro factura horalogii xij^ ii^j^ 

1522-23. fo. 53. b. Pro pinta vini data doctori Yenetus (Cooper, 
Ath. i. 40), quum deferebat pecunias ad collegium pi*o doctore 
Walden ij"*. 

1523-24, fo. 58. Item pro ly pai-ynge de horto ubi crescit crocum 
cnm mundatione ejusdem xvj*. 

1524-25, fo. 67. Item m™ Fysshe rectori ecclesie Botulphi pro 
decimis croci pro anno m" Fischer viij\ 




171 



Dec.(?) 1526— Sept. (?) 1528. 
18—20 Hen. VIII. 




iHOMAS Farman was elected fellow of Queens' college 
about 19 March 1513-14, being then B.A, His title 
for priests' orders is dated 10 Feb. 1515-16, and is 
addressed to Kichard [Fitz James] bishop of London. 
He is therein described as 'exorcist' and of the London diocese. 
In the accounts of 1516 (Easter to Michaelmas) he occurs as 
'socius sacerdos'. He was B.A. 1511-12, and M.A. 1515. In 
the year 1514-15 he held the office of bursar, and in 1517-18, and 
1519-20 that of dean. In 1522 he proceeded B.D. and 1524 
commenced D.D. In 1522 and 1523 he preached the sermons 
founded by Lady Alice Wyche and apparently also in 1527. 
On 7 Feb. 1524-5 he was instituted to the rectory of All- 
hallows, Honey lane, London, on the presentation of the Grocers' 
company (Newcourt, i. 252). 

On the deposition of Dr Jenyn, he was elected president. 
The date of his election to the presidentship is nowhere given, 
but in a deed of Shadworth's manor at S waff ham Prior of 12 
Jan. 18 Hen. VIII. i.e. 12 Jan. 1526-7 he is mentioned as pre- 
sident. 

The following items in the college accounts refer to Dr 
Farman' s election : — 

II. M. J. 1525-26, fo. 81. b. Inexpensis nuncii cum duobus equis 
missi a seniore socio et majorem partem sociorum ad Londi- 
num pro novo presidents presentando secundum formam 
statuti ij'. viij**. 



172 

(' Quo electo et electione pronunciata faciat eum idem [sociiis] 
senior inquiii et coram communitate collegii in capella, coram 
siimmo altari personaliter presentari.' Stat. iii. 1479.) 

Pro expensis eorundem equorum ad Londinum priusquam pre><i- 
dens equitabat viij**. 

Pro expensis dicti presidentis, duorum sibi servientium et nuncii 
a Londino et pro cena eorundem prima nocte v'. 

Pro conductu dviorum equorum iij'. iiij"^. 

Michl 1526 — Mids'. 1517, fo. 88. Item in regardo dato coquo 
aule Pembroke pro damno equi et fractione ephippiorum 
quando primo venit magister ad collegium xij**. 

Fo. 89. Item solvi pro expensis m" Newman quum presen- 
tabat magistro litteras electionis sue; ut patet per 
billam xj^ xj*. 

Dr Farman was one of a number of persons in the university 
who at the first beginnings of the English Reformation used to 
meet and ' to confer and discourse for edification in Christian 
knowledge' at the White-horse Inn, in Trumpington street, 
opposite to Benet street [Camhridge Portfolio, 364) "which was 
therefore called ' Germany' by their enemies. This house was I 
chose, because they of King's college, Queens' college, and , 
St John's were wont to come with more privacy at the back ■ 
door" (Strype, Ann. i. 367, Parlcer, 6, 7). Mr Heynes is also 
mentioned as one of those who used to resort thither. , 

When rector of AUhallows, Dr Farman was 19 March ! 
1527-28, suspended from saying mass or preaching publicly ' 
before the people, until he should otherwise be dispensed with, j 
by Cuthbert Tunstall, bishop of London, for keeping Luther's j 
works in his possession, whereby he was involved in the sen- •( 
tence of the greater excommunication, by the authority of pope i 
Leo X. (Strype, Mem. Bk. i. ch. 8). Fuller puts him among the j 
learned writers of Queens' college with this note : ' Dr. Foreman iij 
(saving is as good as making of books). He concealed and pre- 
served iwiAer's works, sought for to be burnt;" and among the : 
advancers of the Protestant religion, he mentions him with the ;■ 
same praise, {fiist. of the Univ. sub annis 1447 at 1524-25.) 

His curate at AUhallows, Thomas Garret, in 1526 dispersed 



173 

the works of the reformers in Oxford, ^ whereby many were 
enlightened in the truth of religion.' He suffered martyrdom 
about the year 1540 (Strype, Mem. Bk. i. ch. 23). 

His servant Geoffry Usher is mentioned by Eobert Necton 
as a purchaser of Tyndal's New Testaments in English, and 
other Lutheran books (Strype, Mem. Bk. i. app. no. 22). 

Dr Farman died in 1528 before 31 Oct. on which day he was 
succeeded in the rectory of Allhallows by Lawrence Cook, D.D. 
(Newcourt, i. 252). His successor in the presidentship, William 
Frankelyn, is mentioned in a deed of 18 Oct. 1528, so he pro- 
bably died while president, about Sept. 1528. 

In the Walker MS. he is put down (fo. 93. b) as the sixth 
president 'per annum et ultra' from 1525 to 1526, while 
at another place (fo. 117. b) we find 'D"^ Farman fuit per annum 
tanquam presidens ejecto Y^^ Jenyns.' This statement was 
written in May 1565. In the register of the presidents in the 
vellum copy of the statutes of 1559 p. 67 he is mentioned as 
president in parts of the years 1526 and 1527. 

In the General Index to the publications of the Parker 
Society, p. 330. b, he is miscalled Robert, though described as 
the Rector of Allhallows Honey Lane. He is mentioned as 
being harassed as a Reformer (3 Tyndale, 193), and as having 
I his teaching misrepresented by Sir T. More (3 Tyndale, 208). 

Concerning Dr Farman see also Ellis' Letters (3) ii. 78; 
MS. Cole, vii. 128; Fox's Acts and Monuments. 

N 12 Jan. 18 Hen. VIII. 1526-27, Paul's Inn in the 
University of Cambridge, was surrendered by Silvan 
Clyffton or Clifton (Baker MS. xxviii. p. 76.), Edmund 
Clifton and Parson Michael John Williamson priest the majority 
of the scholars or inhabitants of that house, into the hands of 
[the Society of Q. C. The deed is signed by Silvan Clifton, 
I Oswald Myers, Edmund Clifton, before Edmund Nateres, V. C. 
I Some miscellaneous extracts from the bursars' accounts 
I during the time that Dr Farman was president may now 
; follow: — 

' U. M. J. Mich^ 1526— to Mids'. 1527, fo. 88. Item Otte fabro 
pro aperitione ciste M. Cretyng et repai-atione ejusdem ... ij**. 




174 

Micli'. 1526— Mids'. 1527, fo. 89. b. Item solvi Matheo Col- 
tresse (bibliotiste) quum acquirebat fenum pro magistro ... ij''. 

Mids". — Xmas, 1527, fo. 95. Item in regardo cuidam qui ferebat 
litteras ad diversos amicos collegii ad capiendum magistrum 
Townley si quo inveniri possit xij'. 

Item in vigilia divi Bartholomei coco Aule Pembrochie per 
modum arrabonis pro duobus equis destinatis ad D. Clabrowgh 
pro causa Townlei ij^ 

Item d"" Gowgb se conferenti ad Haslyngfeld ad alloquendum 
Willelmum Collyns et examiaandum de expensis aliquod ab 
eo receptis a m™ Townley ij"^. 

Item penultima die Augusti doctori Hartwell tunc vicecanceUario 
pro decreto dati de m™ Townley custodiendo pro certitudine 
collegii vj'*. 

Item doctori Nateres vicecanceUario et m" Cheke bedello pro 
sitatione M" Townley viij'^. 

Mids'. — Xmas, 1527, fo. 95. b. Item m™ Heynes pro 
pecuniis per ipsum solutis pro lecto cum pertinentiis date 
m" d" Gardener per magistrum presidentem per consensum 
presidentis et majoris partis sociorum xxx^ j*. 

Xmas, 1527— Mich'. 1528. fo. 104. b. Item xxij die (Septembris) 
pro pomis pyris et lupo quibus presentavimus doctorem Sti- 
vyns viij^ viij*. 

1528-29, fo. 131. Item expositum in donarium pro doctore 
Stephano, qui regi est a Uteris propterea quod multis nomi- 
nibus de bac universa classe optime meruit, ex consensu 
presidentis (Heynes) et majoris partis sociorum xiij^ ij*. 



175 




Sept.(?) 1528— Jan. 1528-9. 
20 Hen. VIII. 

HE same authorities as were quoted under Dr Farman 
mention William Frankelinge or Franklyn as his suc- 
cessor for one year and three quarters. As in the for- 
mer case no exact dates are given. However, in a deed 
I of the goldsmiths' company of 18 Oct. 20 Hen. YIII., 1528, he 
i is mentioned as president. He probably was elected on the 
; death of Thomas Farman. As no documents in the possession 
: of the college now exist giving any account of the president, his 
life is here borrowed from Coopers' Athence, i. 141, 547. 

' William Franklyn, born at Bledlow Buckinghamshire, was 
educated at Eton, and elected thence to King's college 14.96. 
He was bachelor of canon law 1504, and was appointed arch- 
deacon of Durham 1515, in which year he also became master of 
the hospital of St Giles at Kepyer in the county of Durham. 
He was also temporal and spiritual chancellor of that diocese, 
and receiver of the bishop's revenues. He was installed preben- 
dary of Hey dour-cum- Walton in the church of Lincoln 12 Feb. 
1517-18 ; occurs as rector of Houghton-le-spring in the county 
of Durham 1522, and held the prebend of Eveston in the colle- 
giate church of Lanchester in the same county. He was one of 
the counsellors appointed to be resident with Henry Fitzroy 
duke of Richmond the natural son of Henry VIII., was collated 
to the prebend of Stillington in the church of York 15 Feb. 
1525-6, and about 1527 was elected president of Queens' college, 



176 

wliicli office lie held about a year and a half. He occurs in a 
commission to treat for peace with the king of Scots 1 Oct. 
1528, and we find him recorded as being present at Holyrood 
31 July 1534, when the king of Scots swore to observe a peace 
then concluded. He was installed dean of Windsor 19 Dec. 
1536, and became rector of Chalfont St Giles in his native 
county 15 Nov. 1540, in exchange for his prebend at Lincoln. 
His signature both as dean of Windsor and archdeacon of Dur- 
ham is affixed to the decree of 9 July 1540 declaratory of the 
invalidity of the marriage of Henry VIII. and Anne of Cleves. 
On the dissolution of the college of Lanchester he had a pension 
of £1. 35. 8c?. per annum. He held also the prebend of Auck- 
land in the collegiate church of Auckland, and on its dissolution 
obtained a pension of £3 per annum. On 14 Jan. 1544-5 he 
surrendered to the crown the hospital of Kepyer. As dean of 
Windsor he alienated some of the revenues of that church, and 
in consequence of the complaints against him on that account 
was obliged to resign the deanery about the close of 1553. He 
died Jan. 1555-6, and was buried at Chalfont S. Giles. By his 
will he bequeathed goods and money for uses then deemed pious, 
but soon afterwards adjudged superstitious. On one occasion, 
the date of which is not specified, he recovered the castle of 
Norham from the hands of the Scots, and for his prowess and 
policy had a grant of the following arms : A. on a pale between 
two saltires engrailed coupe G. a dolphin in pale A. on a chief 
Az. a lion rampant A. langued G. between 2 birds collared G. 
There is extant a curious letter from him to cardinal Wolsey 
respecting coal-pits and other temporal rights of the bishopric of 
Durham. 

' (MS. Cole, xiii. 125, xlviii. 257. Rymer, xiv. 282, 541, xv. , 
67, 169. Le Neve's Fasti. Lemon's Col. State Papers, 233. . 
Hutchinson's Durham, i. 498, 500, ii. 282, 388, 692. Lips- ; 
combe's Bucks, ii. 69, iii. 232. Nichols' Mem. of Duke of Rich- -i 
mond, xxiii, xxiv, xxix, xxx. Fiddes's Wolsey, Collect. 206, , 
Borderers' Tahle-Book, i. 189, 191. Archoeologia, xv. 202. , 
Btate Papers, Hen. VIII. i. 633, 635 ; iv. 37, 135, 393, 407, : 
462, 473 ; v. 166. Surtees' Durham, ii. 311 ; Bishop Barnes's ?; 
Injunctions, Ixv, Ixxiii. Willis's Ahhies, ii. 73, 74).' 



177 

Hardly any notices of him are to be found in the college 
books. 

Petit allocdri...de v\ V\ ob. pro commuuiis d"'. Smith famidi 
111" Frankelyn. 

' Computus finalis' of J. Taylor bursar 1528-29. Misc. B. fo. 53. b. 




12 



178 




WMh ^imott leped* 

• Jan. 1528-9—... June 1537. 
20—29 Hen. VIII. 

JIMON HEYNES was B.A. 1515-6, M.A. 1519. He 

was elected fellow of Queens' college about the feast 
of St Edward 18 March 1518-9, and continued 
'sociusnon sacerdos' till 1522; his title for orders, 

addressed to Nicholas [West] hishop of Ely is dated 24 Feb. 

1521-2, Hejnes being then an acolyte and of the diocese of 

Norwich. 

As a specimen of the form of the college title for orders, that 

of Simon Heynes is transcribed from Misc. A. fo. 33 b. : 

Titulus Simonis Heynes. 

Reverendo in Christo patri et domino domino Nicholao misera- 
tione divina Eliensi episcopo aliive cuicunque episcopo catholico sui 
officii pontificalis execntionem obtinenti, sui humiles et devoti Jo- ■ 
hannes Jenyn sacre theologie professor collegii Reginalis sanctorum li 
Margarete et Bei'nardi in Cantabrigia presidens et ejusdem loci soeii i 
universi, omnimodas reverentias tan to venerabili patri debitas omni i; 
cum honore. Quia pium et meritorium Deoque placitum esse dinosci- j 
tur clericos ad sacros ordines promoveri quos tam morum gravitag i 
quam litterarum scientia commendat, bine est quod dilectum nobis ? 
in Cliristo Simonem Heynys in artibus magistinim ac nostri i' 
collegii antedicti socium perpetaum Norwic. diocesis accolitum lato- 
rem presentium vestre paternitati reverende presentamus, humiliter i 
devoteque supplicantes quatenus eundem Simonem ad omnes sacros !■[ 
ordines quos nondum est assecutiis per vestrarum sacrarum manuumuj. 
impositionem ad titulum nostri collegii antedicti pi'omoveri digne- 



179 

!i mini cum favore et cai'itatis intuitu. In cuius rei testimonium 
sigillum nostrum commune presentibus apposuimus. Datum Canta- 
brigie in nostro collegio predicto, vicesimo quarto die mensis Fe- 
bruarii anno Domini m''ccccc°xxj°. 

He was bursar of the college 1519-20, and dean 1520-21, 
though then only in minor orders. 

He continued fellow till Lady day, 1528, when his name 
disappears from the bursar's books. 

In 1528 he proceeded B.D., and on 28 Nov. 1528, was in- 
Jstituted to the rectory of Barrow Suffolk (near Bury St Ed- 
munds), on the presentation of the abbot of Bury and Stephen 
jGardiner as assignees of sir Richard Wentworth, kt. deceased. 
I He had been the chief agent employed in the complaints 
made by the society against Dr Jenyn, and when William 
Frankelyn ceased to be president he was elected his successor 
about Jan. 1528-9. 

II. M. J. 1528-29, fo. Ill b. (accounts of John Taylour, after- 
wards master of St John's College and bishop of Lincoln.) 

Item eidem Eicardo [Bikerstaff] accersenti me et m"'"'^ Carlton 
a Lyntonia ad electionem presidentis iiij^ 

fo. 115 b. Item jDro v fasciculis straminis in primo adventu novi 
presidentis pro lectis et equis ipsius v**. 

Both these entries seem to belong tu Jan. 1528-9. 

The president resided partly in the college and partly at 
lis living of Barrow. 

I II. M. J. 1528-29, fo. 118. Item Roberto Nunne [bible-clerk 
1528-31] equitanti ad presidentem ad Barrow cum evidentiis 
concernentibus M, Bardwell xij^ 




ENRT VIII. being desirous of obtaining the opinion of 
the universities as to the legality of his marriage with 
queen Catharine, on 16 Feb. 1529-80 ordered the uni- 
versity of Cambridge to give their decision under their common 
seal, and sent Dr Stephen Gardiner, his secretary, and Edward 
Fox, provost of King's college, liis almoner, to use their utmost 
'.xertions to procure a determination in accordance with his views. 
Che matter was referred by the Senate to 29 syndics, and the 

12—2 



180 



decision of the majority of them was to be taken for the deter- 
mination of the university. The list of delegates, including the 
name of Mr Heynes, was sent up to the king by Gardiner and 
Fox, those who were already of his grace's opinion in the matter 
being marked with A. Mr Heynes was one of these. (Cooper, 

^ww. i. 337-9.) 

In 1531 the president commenced D.D. and was vice-chan- 
cellor of the university in the two years 1532-33 and 1533-34. 

On 23 May, 1533, he attested archbishop Granmer's instru- 
ment, whereby he as archbishop and legate of the apostolic see 
pronounced the king's marriage with Gatbarine of Aragon to 
have been null and void from the beginning. This sentence 
was given at the priory of Dunstable, near to which place at 
Ampthill queen Catharine was living. 

On the morrow of St Edward, 14 Oct. 1533, Dr Heynes, 
V.G. went to London with letters from the university to the king 
and other high personages, and authority to sue to the king for 
the confirmation of the privileges of the university. He continued 
there all the winter, Dr Buckmaster being his deputy, and on 
29 Jan. 1533-4, was admitted vicar of Stepney, Middlesex, on 
the presentation of Richard Layton, LL.D., sinecure rector, 
afterwards an active agent in the suppression of the monasteries. , 
(This preferment he resigned before 29 May, 1537. Newcourt, 
i. 740.) In the same year (1534) he was with Dr Skip sent 
from the court to Cambridge to preach in favour of the king's] 
supremacy and against the authority of the pope. On 2 May,/ 
1534, the university formally declared that the Roman pontiff 
had '' not greater authority or jurisdiction over this kingdom of 
England granted him by God [in the Holy Scriptures] than, 
any other foreign bishop.' This decision was sent to the kingr 
probably by the vice-chancellor, as we find Dr Heynes in Londom, 
on 9 May. (Cooper, Ann. i. 366-7.) 

XI. M. J. 1532-33, fo. 187 b. Item famulo D. Shaxton vehent. 
quasdam schedulas a coUegio ad presidentem morantem Lon 
dini in termino Micliaelis "^^^ 

He was appointed one of the proctors of the university n 
the disputes between the university and the town, which wen 



181 

terminated by a decision of the privy council, 24 July, 1534. 
(Cooper, Ann. i. 369.) 

In Dr Lamb's Cambridge Documents, p. 35, is a letter, writ- 
ten from London by Dr Heynes apparently to Dr Buckmaster, 
his deputy, on 9 May, 1534, urging the university to a zealous 
defence of the academic privileges against the encroachments of 
the townspeople. (Cooper, Ann. i. 367-8.) In another letter 
of Ralph Aynsworth, master of Peterhouse, the townsmen are 
described as ' wonderfull maliciouse,' and as prosecuting ' ther 
seyde sute with vncharitable lyes.' (Lamb, 34.) 

In Wright, Letters on the suppression of the monasteries 
(published by the Camden Society, 1843), we find the following 
mention of Dr Heynes in a letter of Thomas Dorset, written in 
the year 1535 or 1536 (p. 37) : 

Doctour Heyns prechithe before the kyng, as he is appoyntid 
every "Wedynsday this Lent, and on Wedynsday in the Ymbre 
[after the first Sunday in Lent] he saide in his Sermone, that God 
hathe brought the truthe of his worde to light, and princis be the 
ministeris of it to give comaundement that it shold goo forward, and 
yet is no thynge regarded, and make of hym but a Cristmas king. 

In the ' Sermons and Remains' of bishop Latimer (Parker 
Soc. 1845) we find the bishop in a letter to Cromwell (p. 387) 
alluding to dean Heynes preaching at court: unfortunately it 
is undated. 

In May, 1535, he was sent in great haste with Christopher 
Mount, ' an honest Gennan, who was long employed by the 
Crown of England' (Burnet, Ref.), to sir John Wallop, the 
ambassador, for the purpose of alluring Melancthon over to 
England; when it was found that the German reformer was not 
likely to go into France, j^lount was sent after him and Heynes 
in August 'ordered to go to Paris there to understand the 
opinions of the Learned and their affection, how they stood 
inclined both to the King's proceedings and to the Bishop of 
Rome's usurped power and authority.' (Strype, Mem. B. i. 
ch. 32.) 

II. M. J. 1534-5, fo. 213. Item xvij" Augusti m™ Wylks pro 
expensis ad Londinum ia causis collegii, cum magister noster 
ad transmarinas partes ibat xij% 



182 

On 24 Dec. 1535 he was installed canon of Windsor, having 
been appointed by patent on 21 Dec. On 27 July 1536, he 
was presented by Stokesley bishop of London to the rectory 
of Fulham, which lie retained till his death (Newcourt, i. 608). 
In 1537, on the deprivation of Reginald Pole, he became dean 
of Exeter (elected 16 July and confirmed 28 July), having just 
before (certainly before 20 June and probably before 14 June) 
resigned the presidentship. 

In MS. Baker, xxxvii. 394-430, are two lectures of Dr Thomas 
Smith, on the study of Civil Law. In the second he commends 
the king's reformation of religion, his encouragement of every 
art, and his judgment shewn in the men that he selected for 
preferment; among these he mentions Dr lieynes, then dean of 
Exeter, of whom he says (p. 404) : ' At in minore ordine Deca- 
natu affecit Exoniensi viriim integritate, religione ac liberalitate 
in studiosos singulari Simonem Hey num.' 




iiOOiSr after his election the following articles were agreed 
upon between him and the fellows, from which the chief 
articles at least of complaint against Dr Jenyn plainly 

appear : — 

Matiers of variaunce before this tyme depending 
betwix the master or president of this college 
M, doctor Jenyn and the felowes of the same, '. 
20 die Januarii now clerly determyned and ended for a perpetuall i 
A°. X'. 1528. qwietnes within this college by thassent and con- | 
sente of Mr Heynes now president of this college ; 
and all the felowes thereof, as hereaffter articu- I 
larly folowith. A°. X'. 1528. 20 Januarii. 
First, wheras Doctor Jenyn being master, had allowid hym of ! 
his owne hed or auctorite whan and as long as he was here resident, .i 
commens for a scolar and ij servaunts and sumtyme iij servaunts and i 
all their sisings and detriments and every dai whan he did ride in ' 
causis collegii viij^ for the hier of his said ij servaunts, as apperith 
by his bills and ther commens as apperith by this present boke 
called the Jornall, It is now fulli concluded, and bi the said M. Simon 
Heynes now president and the felowes at this time being deter- 
mynd, that he for his tyme and all presidents of this college his suc- 
cessors shall have his commens whan he is present in the college, 
the commens of a scolar or servant to kepe his chamber as well 



m 



183 

the said president being absent as present, and the commens of 
another sei'vaunte only whan the said president is in towne and 
resident in the college, and the commens of this servant to be 
taken by hym in recompense of such charges as he and all presi- 
dents shalbe putto in fyuding ij servants to ride with hym in causis 
collegii and to take no other allowance of the college for his said ij 
servannts wages, but only the commens of con servant besid his 
scolar that kepith his chamber and that, whan he is present : and 
the said president and his successors to pay in the college for his 
owne sising and his servants at his owne coste and charge, and whan 
he ride in causis collegii to have only expenses for hym and his 
2 servants and no wages for them. 

2. "Wheras Doctor Jenyn had of the college haye, litter, pro- 
vonder for his horsses within the college and his horss shoing and 
also xij^ every day whan he ridd in causis collegii for the hier of 
his horsses, It is now concludid and by the said maister and felowes 
fully determynd that the president now being and his successors 
shalbe only content to have iij horsses fownde whan he lith at this 
college, that is to say hay litter provonder for thre horsses and he 
shall not aske ony other allowance of the college for his 3 horsses, 
which he shall bye at his owne coste and charge with sadellis, bri- 
dollis and all other things to them apperteyning. 

3. That where Doctor Jenyn had of the college cost fierwood 
candellis and ru.sshis sufficient for his chamber and his wasshing 
both for hym and his servaunts, Now it is fulli agreed and deter- 
mynd by the said maister and felowes that nether the said presi- 
dent now being nor his successors shall have theis things nor any of 
them at the colleges coste or charge, but he to pay for all theis things 
of his owne stipend like as a felow of this college doth. 

4. That where Doctor Jenyn had his costes of the college 
whan so ever he did cum from his benefice to do his dewti in the col- 
lege, It is now determynd that whan and asofFte as the maister of 
this college shall resorte hither to the college he shall cum of his 

! owne cost and charge from his benefice. 

5. That wher Doctor Jenyn wolde not of late dais make a bill 
i of his particular expenses in causis collegii but a gross bill, be- 
cause the statute gyveth the maister his resonable expenses in causis 
collegii affter his owne conscience. It is determynd that asofiten as 
the maister shall ride forth in causis collegii, he shall make a bill 

: particularly of all his expenses, so as the same may appere to be reson- 

i 
I- 



184 

able and to stonde with good conscience, not exceding a resonable 
sum by the daye. 

6. That when Doctor Jenyn wolde every terme ride to London 
pretendyng to be occupijd ther in causis collegii to the grett charge 
of this college, whan the college mani tymes had other nothing to do 
ther or vere^ litle that shuld require his presence, It is therfore by 
the said maister and felowes detei-myndy that the maister of this college 
shall never ride to London nor to non other farr place in cansis 
collegii except h.® first cownsaile with the felowes and have ther 
advise and consent before : so that if the materes that he wold ride 
or may be cumpasid well and conveniently otherwise, that than the 
maister to remayne at home and not to put the college to ony charge. 

Provided always that if heraffter it shall fortune londes to be pro- 
curid or gyven to this college, wherby the stipend of the president 
shall be augmentid, that than theis ordinaunces now made (because 
the londes of the college be not now otherwise able to maynteyn the 
numbre of felowes according to the compositions) may not than be 
onything prejuditiall to the said M. Simon- Heynes now president 
nor unto his successors maisters or presidents of this College. 

Per me Symone Heynes Presidetem hnjus collegii maim 

propria. 

(IL M. J. fo. 106 b.) 

Most of the subjects of these articles were afterwards settled 
by statute in the manner here agreed upon. 

As William Frankelyn was president on 18 Oct. 1528, the 
above date 20 Jan. 1528 is actually 20 Jan. 1528-9. 

On 20 Sept. 1532 it was agreed to give the master £4 per 
annum in lieu of the hay, litter and provender referred to in § 2 
for his three horses, on condition of his residing three months 
every year in the college. At the same time he obtained the 
garden or orchard opposite the college gate for his sole use 
(11. M. J. fo. 172). 

On 24 Feb. 1534-5 this sum of £4 per ann. was granted to 
the master for his horse with only one month's residence, but he 
was to ' ask none other alowanee for his expenses in causis 
collegii at London' (II. M. J. fo. 203 b). 

Ill M. J. 1535-36, p. 17. 

Item pro equis magistri nostri hujus anui et pro expensis in 
negotiis collegii Londini iiij". 



185 

Again on 12 Feb. 1528-9 the following agreement was made, 
conferring on the president very large powers over the estates of 
the college : — 

M". that the xij'** day of February in the chapell 
of this college it was determynd and agreid by the 
Maister of this college and felowes of the same that 
theis things following shall perteyne to the maister or 
president aforeseid to do by vertue of his office. A°. diii 1528. 

First it is agreid by the seid president and felowes that the presi- 
dent of this college now being, by vertue of his office or rowme, shall 
by his discretion leate or sett forth all londes of this college to ferme, 
which he shall think convenient to be leten, and for as many yeres 
as he shall think good, gyving hym full auctorite to make all cove- 
naunts with fermors to be cumprised in their indentures and to cess 
or allevy such fynez for leates as he shall think to stond with reson, 
both for fermes leten by indenture and allso for londes taken up by 
copy : and what so ever the said president herin shall doo, the whole 
felowship and college agreith to approve and ratefye : provided that 
the said president do rede the indentures to the cumj)any before thei 
be seald. 

Also auctorite is gyven to the president now being to sell all 
woods perteyning to this college which ar convenient to be fellid and 
i! solde and by what price so ever the said president shall sell them, the 
I felowes agreith to be content. 

All bargeynes for new londes to be j)urchasid, the said president 

■ shall make in the college name and for the most advauntage of the 

• same, as much as he may possible, all reparations or new buyldings 

I to be done in the towne or contre, the president shall se done like- 

I wise for the colleges most advantage : and generalli what contracte 

i covenaunt or bargeyn is to be made for the college, the doing and 

! execution therof is committed to the president. Allso all rekenings 

; accompts and billis of accompts as well of the bowsers and other 

; felowes of this college as allso of all bayliflFs fermors and other 

accowntants yerly at their audet and other tymes of the yer, shalbe 

oversen by the said president now being, gyving to the same full 

auctorite to alow and disalow that which he shall think convenient 

to be alowed or disalowed. And what soever the president of this 

college now being shall do in theis things or in ony of them, the 

whoole college agreith to ratefye and approve. 



186 

In witnes wherof aswell the maister oi' president as well as also 
all the felowes hath setto their hands the day and yer above writen : . 

Per me Simonem Heynes, presidentem collegii, 

per me Robertum Garrett per me Robertum Pomell 

per me Walterum Bygrave per me Thomam Hathwey 

per me Henricum Yavasor per me Johannem Newman 

per me Johannem Gough 

per me Nicholaum Saunders 

(II. M. J. fo. 107 b). 

In this agreement the words ' now being ' have been substi- 
tuted for ' for tyme being ' so as to restrict to Mr Heynes the 
powers hereby granted. 

In the year 1529 and following years many sales of college 
estates took place, because they had for many years been only 
the source of loss to the college. 

On 10 April 20 Hen. VIII. 1529 St Paul's hostel and the 
White hostel adjoining to it (situated in Great St Mary's and 
St Michael's parishes) were sold to Simon Trew, Thomasina his 
wife, Lawrence Bouger, Peter Cheke (father of sir John Cheke, 
Cooper, AtJi. i. 89), James Haccumbleyn, Eichard Lychefeld, 
Henry Vesey and William Bellingham of Cambridge for £80, 
to be paid in eight yearly payments, " ad opus et usnm ipsius 
Simonis True." (Misc. A. fo. 36 b.) It was sold because in 
consequence of heavy repairs the college had been obliged to 
pay the stipend of Mr Syday's fellow, whose endowment this 
formed, out of its other revenues. With this £80 land was 
bought by the college of the value of £4 per annum, and the 
' socius sacerdos' changed to 'socius non sacerdos'; 'neque banc 
fundationem sua auctoritate tantum mutaverunt, sed auctoritate 
etiam summi pontificis viz. domini dementis hujus nominis 
pape septimi desuper obteuta' {Codex Ghadertonianus , p. 68). 

This hostel afterwards became the Rose Inn, and stood where 
Eose crescent now is. Of the E,ose Inn two farthing tokens are 
found, struck in the middle of the l7th century. 

1. Obv. I. B. VNDER. THE . ROASE. The Baker's arms. 

T> 

Rev. IN . CAMBRIDGE. In field 

I. E. 



187 

A Mr Bryan died at the Rose Inn in 1652 and left a widow, 
who continued to 1653, when R. Allen succeeded. 

2. Obv. EICHAED . ALLEN . EOSE. A rOSe. 

Rev. TAVERNE IN CAMBEIDGE. In field 

E. L 

In 1529 it was also decreed that the Otware and Marke 
fellowships should be united, as the houses in Berinondsej- 
street, Southwark, which had furnished the endowment of the 
latter, were (from their bad state of repair) no longer able to do 
so. The same took place in the same year with the Otware 
and Bar by fellowships, though these would seem to have been 
united in 1486. Probably at this time definitely the three 
fellowships were reduced to two. 

The estate at Prettiwell, Essex, given by John Grene in 
1479 to found a fellowship, had in 1529 become of little or no 
value to the college for several years, in consequence of the ex- 
pense they were continually put to in distraining for the rent of 
it. At last, wearied out, the college were glad, after wasting 
£60 in law expenses, to sell the estate consisting of a yearly rent 
of 100^, and two weirs Ebbweir and Floodweir, issuing from and 
belonging to a part of a marsh called Alflood in Ash in Prettiwell 
and Eastwood, Essex, to the very parties who had given so 
much trouble, Dr John Allen, LL.D., master of the prerogative 
of Cardinal Wolsey (Cooper, Ath. i. 49) for £120. Lands to 
the value of the purchase-money were to be bought by the col- 
lege, and the fellow of Mr Grene's foundation changed from 
'sacerdos' to ' non sacerdos' (Misc. A. fo. 35 b. Misc. B. fo. 8, 
Statutes 1529, p. 5o), ' auctoritate sanctissimi domini domini 
Clementis hujus nominis pape septimi' [Codex Ghadertonianus, 
p. 62). 

I. M. J. 1509-10, fo. 229. Item pro Uteris matris regie in 
negociis collegii Alflodnasse ij°. 

1514-15, fo. 277 b. Expense m" Pomell et Milonis Beltron et 
duorum equorum pro qninqiie dies quum secunda vice equita- 
bant ad Alflodnasshe ad destringendum bona et catalla Johan- 
nis Heron et Ricardi Alyn pro annis suis x^ vij^ 



188 



1 



In 1530 the college estate of Gilden Morden given in 14-74 
by John Raven was sold to Edward Brisley for £80, and lands 
at Eversden late of Dr Manfeld were purchased. 

In 1534 the lands of which the college was possessed in 
Holbeach, Whaplode and Multon, Lincolnshire, given by Lady 
Alice Wyche, were sold. 

In 1535, Dr Heynes sold St Bernard's hostel to Corpus 
Christi college, of which William Sowode was then master, for 
the sum of one hundred marks. 




|00N after Simon Heynes' election to the presidentship 

in 1529 the Easter terra was dissolved from to the 

morrow of the Visitation of the B. V. Mary (3 July) 
for fear of the plague (Cooper, Ann. i. 330). 

II. M. J. 1528-29, fa 118. Item xv" die Septembris Roberto 
Nuune bibliotiste pro regardo quoniam solus erat tempore 
pestis v'. 

In the same year (1529) the statutes given by queen Eliza- 
beth Wydeville in 1475 were altered and the new ones con- 
firmed by papal authority. 

The following extracts from the bursar's books refer to this 
change : — 

II. M. J. 1528-29, fo, 117 b. Item xvj". die Julii m'" Mey per 
manus m''' Newman pro diplomate domini pape Clementis 
[YII] pro confirmatione statutorum iij^\ vi^ viij^ 

Item pro vitulino in quo statuta scriberentur in duobus 
libris xiij^ iiij^ 

fo. 119 b. Item pro nova exaratione statutorum collegii xvj^ viij*. 

1529-30, fo. 131. Item [6°. die Mail] m™ Newman pro exaratione 
statutorum collegii xxxiiij^ iiij*. 

Item eidem pro pargameno ejusdem libri xij**, 

fo. 131 b. Item pro jantaculo m" Payne apud Album Equum 
12° die Julii quando librum statutorum hie a Londino ad- 
duxit *. iiij^ 

Item Cegarto bibliopolle [Sygar Nicholson] pro constructione 
duoi'um illorum librorum, in quibus statuta nostra conscri- 



189 

buntur, cum reliquo eorundem ornatu et pro stapo papyri 

regii, qui iu eorum altero constringitur . iiij'. iiij"*. 

1530-31, fo. 138. Item [Guylielmo Banks] pro cathena pro libro 

statutorum ij"*, 

fo. 144. Item 2° die Maji Gerardo [Goodfrey] bibliopola (sic) 

pro libro in quern statuta transcribuntur viij*^. 

The papal 'diploma' was probably sent to London with all 
other papal instruments in 1535. 

(For Sygar Nicholson see Cooper, Ath. i. 51 ; for Gerard 
Goodfrey or Garrat Godfrey's appointment as one of the station- 
ers to the University, see Cooper, Ann. i. 369.) 
In 1529 the college changed its seal : 

II. M. J, 1528-29, fo. 116 b. Item ix die Aprilis pro insculptione 
novi sigilli communis vj'. viij*^. 

Dr Fawn, fellow of Queens' college 1496-1513, the friend 
of Erasmus, and his successor in the lady Margaret's professor- 
ship of divinity, seems to have owed the college a large debt, 
to recover which legal proceedings had to be taken : 

II. M. J. Mids^-Christmas 1527, fo. 96. Item ix° die Decembri 
m" Heynes pro expensis suis factis in causis coUegii apud 
Londinum in termino sancti Michaelis, ut patet per billam 
suam xxvij". x"*. 

(In margin: contra mfam. Lewes, D. Fawne, M. Mordant, 
M. Siselden.) 

1528-29, fo. 115 b. Item viij" die Febriiarii M, Bowenne pro 
expensis in causis coUegii Londini pro doctore Fawn et aliis 
ut patet per billam v^ vj**. 

1530-31, fo. 144 b. Item pro expensis Johannis Smyth ad doc- 
torem Fawne pro debito collegii iij°. iiij"*, 

(He owed the college at least £16, 135. Qd. Forinseca Recejyta, 
fo. 33 b.) 

1531-32. Item 16° Septembris pro donario dato doctori Capon 
qui adduxit pecunias collegio a doctore Fawne ij% 

In 1533, while Dr Heynes was vice-chancellor, some dis- 
turbances took place in connexion with the election of the proc- 
tors for the ensuing year, which took place on 10 October: — 

Apon St Denys Eve [8 Oct.] was there a greate Cumpany of 



190 

Lawyars a Jettyng [rioting, 'larking'. Cooper, Ann. I 160], 
w"'' came to the Quenes College, & to dyvers other Howses yn 
the nyght, abowte ten of the clocke, makyng a Proclamatyon 
at every Gate, after thys fasshyon, ' How yes, How yes, Take 
hede wliome ye make youre Proctor, for fere of that that shall 
cum after yf ye do Standysshe wrong ; Loke ye, make ye 
Stronge, &c.' The nexte nyghte after, they came agayne to 
every House with a greater Cumpany, by estymatyon there was 
3 or 4 score, knocking likewise at the Vycecliancelors Gat, byd- 
dyng them cum owte, Knavys, Cowards & Heretyks, wherupon 
the Cumpany drove them away with Stones, and they cried fyre, to 
fyer the Gats, and that nyght tbe' callyd a Congregatyon on thys 
maner, ' Congregatio Regentium tantum in Scolis publicis cum 
gladiis et fustibus.' That nyght also, betwen 7 and 8, they got 
Mr Palley of Christ's college owt of the Howse by a trayne, and 
so bette hyra sore, and also polde of hys here, and the morrow 
after, at 8 of the clocke, [the] Doctors, Masters, Pryncypalls or 
Presydents assemblyd at the Vycecliancelors commawndment & 
they determynd every Presydent shuld be redy wyth a certayne 
[number of] Men apoynted, yf they wer sent for yn the tyme of 
the Election of the Proctors, and the Pryncypalls were commaund- 
ed to go home & pacifye y^ cumpany, and charge y™ that they 
shuld make noe busynes yn the Election tyme, & so yt was don. 
(MS. Baker xxvi. 76. Cooper, Ann. i. 362.) 

By the act of parliament (Stat. 26 Hen. YIII. c. 3) passed 
in the year 1534, the firstfruits and tenths of all ecclesiastical 
property was given to the crown. All bishoprics, abbeys, colleges, 
parsonages, chantries, &c. were valued by commissioners, and in 
the survey of the diocese of Ely, made by virtue of this act, the 
then two richest colleges, King's and St John's, were valued 
respectively at £751 and £507. In the valuation of the other 
colleges. Queens', which stands highest, was valued at £230. In 
consequence of this act it was decreed by the college 27 Feb. 
1534-5 that the number of fellows in. priests' orders should be 
reduced from twelve to ten. The tenths were to be paid by 
the college, the firstfruits by the incoming fellow (Cooper, 
Atk i. 211, Dr Bill). 

The college order is as follows : — 



191 

Md. that the xxvij"* day of februarie in the xxvj* yere of kyng 
Henry the viij, Whereas by the kyng onr soveraigne lord and his 
parliament it is enacted at the last session that every monasterie 
and colledge among other thyngs shall pay the x"' part of the clere 
yerly valor of all ther rentes to the kyng ower soveraigne lord and 
his heires, so that this hows cannot susteyne the old accustomed 
number of prestes felows and scholers with other charges and also 
pay the seid' x*** part, It is therfore agreed and determyned bi the 
seid president and felows the day and yere abovesaid, that when 
and as sone as the romes of prestes within the said colledge may be 
void, no mo prestes shalbe in wagis accordyng to the statutes of 
this coledg but only ten. 

Provided allway that every man that is now prest shall have the 
stipend of a pi-est felow styll as hath bene accustomed, and that sir 
Umfrey, because he is now subdecan, assone as he is preste shall 
lykewise have the wages of a prest felow accordyng to the statutes 

(II. M. J. fo. 203 b. at the end of the accounts of 1533-34). 

(Edmund Umfrej took priest's orders about Easter, 1535. 
His title for orders is dated 12 Dec. 1534.) 

In the college accounts we find the following references to 
this matter : — 

II. M. J. 1534-35, fo. 2l!i b. Item pro scriptione commentarii 
accepti et expensi collegii pro rege d"" Umfrey et ejusdem bis 
rescripti y\ 

Item tum in pane et potu iis qui examinabant eundem librum vj^ 

Item pro rescriptione ejusdem libri alio modo, ut volebant fidei 

commissarii regis et duobus exemplaribus et pro rescriptione 

mandatorum regis in libello statutorum v'. 

fo. 213 b. Item honorarium doctori Butt et m™ doctori 
Thyrlbye xiij*^. 

III. M.J. 1535-36, p. 7. Item ultimo die Januarii D. Askam 
(Cooper, Ath, i. 263-4) pro scriptione duorum diploma- 
tum vj'. viij"*. 

Item pro vino D. Askam ij^ 

p. 17. Item ult° die Februarii p° pecuuia soluta D. regi. . .xxiiij". xix". 

Item m". Smythe scribenti suma redditus totius collegii viij^ 

1536-37, fo. 29 b. Item xviij" Maji" m™ D. Day quum detulit 
acquietantiam a m" D. Smythe de scaccario d" regis iiij'^. 



192 

However the two universities and the colleges of Eton and 
Winchester were in 1536 discharged for ever of firstfruits and 
tenths by Act of Parliament (Stat. 27 Henry VIII. c. 42), the 
king being apparently forced into this measure by the fear of 
ruining the universities as places of learning. With the cause 
the effect also contained in the above college-order no doubt 
ceased. Dr Crayford the vice-chancellor (master of Clare hall i 
and formerly fellow of Queens' college), and Ealph Ainswortli 
of Peterhouse, the senior proctor, were the agents of the univer- 
sity in procuring this bill. 

In 1534 Alexander Alane, or Ales, the Scotch reformer, was s 
sent by Henry VIII. to Cambridge to read a lecture on the ■ 
Holy Scriptures. He became a member of Queens' college. , 
Writing to Martin Bucer, 1 Sept. 1550, he says: 'Audivi autem ; 
gegrotasse te et revaluisse et nunc profiteri sacras literas Canta- 
brigie, ubi ego olira habui jucundissimum sodalitium in collegio 
Begins. Hoc tantum molestum fuit, quod cogebar sequi Crum- 
vellium pro stipendio, quod nondum persolmtum est, sed nihil 
dubito quin tibi fideliter numeretur.' (MS. Parker, cxix. 215.) 
He began to read in the Schools on Ps. viij., but some opposi- 
tion being made, and the vice-chancellor Dr John Crayford 
favouring his opponents, he left Cambridge and went to London; 
he seems never to have returned to the university. (Cooper, , 

Ath. i. 238.) 

In the beginning of Oct. 1535 Thomas Cromwell, the kmgs f 
vice-gerent in matters ecclesiastical and chancellor of the univer- • 
sity (successor in this office to bishop Fisher), was appointed ( 
by Henry VIII. visitor of the university with full powers. At 
the same, time the king promulgated certain injunctions for) 
promoting piety, and extirpating error, heresy, superstition, i 
hypocrisy, and idolatry; and requiring the university to re- 
nounce all obedience to the pope of Eome, and that his autho- > 
rity be received as supreme under God. 

According to these injunctions. Queens' and the other colleges 
were to found two daily public lectures, one in Latin and one in ' 
Greek, the divinity lectures were to be upon the Old and New 
Testaments, 'according to the true sense thereof, and not after- 
the manner of Scotus, &c.;' the commentators on the Sentences 



193 

of Peter Lombard were to be abandoned altogether with all 
similar writers and their 'frivolous questions and obscure 
glosses;' and that 'students in arts should be instructed in 
the elements of logic, rhetoric, arithmetic, geography, music, 
and philosophy, and should read Aristotle, Eodolphus Agricola 
(Reid's Mosheim, 1848, p. 544 b), Philip Melancthon, Trapezun- 
tius (Reid's Mosheim, p. 537 b), &c. and not the frivolous ques- 
tions and obscure glosses of Scotus, Burleus, Anthony Trombet, 
Bricot, Bruliferius, &c.' 

Thomas Legh, LL.D. (Cooper, Ath. i, 87. 535) was appointed 
Cromwell's delegate. He issued other injunctions on 20 Oct., 
one of which directed that the university and all the colleges 
* should before the feast of the Purification of the blessed Mary 
then next [2 Feb. 1535-6] deliver their respective charters of 
foundation, donation or appropriation, statutes, constitutions, 
pontifical bulls, and other diplomas and papistical muniments, 
with a rental of their immoveables and a true inventory of their 
moveable goods, into the hands of Master Thomas Cromwell, 
the king's visitor-general, to await his good pleasure.' Accord- 
ingly, on or about 25 Oct. 1535, the university and the several 
colleges acknowledged the king's supremacy and renounced the 
authority of the pope, and all papal bulls, exemptions, indul- 
gences, and dispensations; and they soon afterwards sent up 
their charters,' statutes, bulls, &c. with a rental of their lands 
and an inventory of their goods to the king's visitor. (Fuller, 
Hist. Univ. of Camh. ed, Prickett and Wright, 215 5".; Cooper, 
nn. i. 374 S.) 

The deed, by which the president and fellows of Queens' 
college made their submission to the king, has not been found; 
a similar deed of the society of Gonville hall, dated 25 Oct. 
,1535, is given in Fuller's Hist, of the University of Camhridge 
;(ed. Prickett and Wright, 216). 

The following items in the bursars' books refer to this 
Ivisitation : — 

III. M. J. 1535-36. p. 16. Item pro expensis visitationis ut 
patet per billam m" Tayler iij'. x^. 

Item pro ala eodem tempore i^. 

Item visitatori d" Lee [Legh] x?. 

13 



194. 

The parliament met on 8 June 1536, and an act was passed 
(Stat. 28 Hen. VIII. c. 10) for ' extinguishing the authority of 
the bishop of Rome,' and requiring an oath of renunciation 
and supremacy, to he taken by every person ' promoted or pre- 
ferred to any degree of learning in any university within this 
realm.' 

The records of the university were restored in 1537 : 
Cum itaque ad Henr. 8, celeberrimi regis tempera, qui omnem 
Pontificiam exterminavit potentiam, miiltse Papales bullae ad confir- 1 
manda Cantebrigiensis Academise privilegia superessent, inclitissimus i 
ille Rex, etsi ea auferri, ne pontificum deinceps obtenderetixr au-i 
thoritas, jusserit, eorum tamen beneficiiim Academise salvum, inte- 
grumque esse voluit. Proinde a Procancellario universitatis et seniore ; 
Pi'ocuratore, ex edicto regie, clarissime viro T>. Themae Crumwellol 
Essexise comiti, et Academise huius Cancellarie, an. Dom. 1536 
delatae sunt. Posteaque rursus traditse Thomse Argal, et Anthonio 
Huseo [Hussey], viris ad ea capienda censtitutis, an. dom. 1537 
per Pobertum Stekes juniorem precuratorem, et Johannem Mear 
Bedellum armigerum academise. (Caius, Hist. Cant. Acad. 1574. 
Lib. i. p. 105.) 

N 12 Feb. 1536-37, a difference between the college and 
the Carmelite friars about a stone wall between the 
college and the convent was composed, by the pur-ij 
chase of it from the friars, as appears from the followingij 
document in the college treasury : — ■ 

Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum perveneritjij 
Geergius Legatte, clericus, prior domus et ecclesie fratrum Carmeli- 
tarum Cantebrigie in com. Cantebr. et ejusdem loci conventus, Salui 
tern in Domino sempiternam. 

Cum nuper lis et discordia mote fuerunt inter nos prefatos pri'i 
orem et cenventum ex una parte, et venerhabilem virum Simoneffi:; 
Heynes in Sacra Theologia professorem, magistrum sive presidenteir' 
cellegii Reginalis sancte Margarete et sancti Bernardi Cantebrigi*' 
predicte et secies ejusdem cellegii ex altera parte, de et super jure 
titulo et possessione cujusdam muri lapidei situati et construct! jiixt? 
collegium predictum in latere boreali ejusdem cellegii — cujus uriuri 
caput dicti muri abbuttat super regiam viam vocatam the Milestretc 




195 

versus orientem et aliud caput ejusdem abutfcat super communem 
rivolum versus occidentem, — 

Sciatis nos prefatos priorem et conventum — pro certa summa 
pecunie nobis per prefatos venerhabilem virum Simonem Heynes 
magistrum sive presidentem collegii predict! et socios ejusdem collegii 
permanentibus soluta, (de qua summa fatemur nos bene et fideliter 
fore solutos dictumque magistrum sive presidentem collegii pre- 
dict! ac successores suos inde esse quietos et exonerates per presentes,) 
et pro amicitia sua in posterum habenda — unanimi assensu et con- 
sensu nostris dedisse concessisse et hoc present! scripto nostro confir- 
masse prefatis magistro sive president! et sociis collegii predict! et 
successoribus suis totum predictum murum lapideum cum pertinentiis 
una cum solo sive tei-ra super quam predictus murus stat et situatur 
prefatis magistro sive president! collegii predict! et sociis ejusdem 
Dolleg!! et successoribus su!s inperpetuum, Ita videlicet quod nee nos 
prefat! prior et conventus domus sive ecclesie fratrum Carmelitarum 
predicte nee successores nostri, nee aliquis alius per nos pro nobis seu 
|iomine nostro in jure domus sive ecclesie nostre predicte, aliquod 
us titulum clameum possessionem usum interesse sive demandam de 
it in predicto muro lapideo sive solo seu terra super quam predictus 
ijaurus stat et situatur cum pertinentiis nee in aliqua inde parcella 
le cetero habere exigere seu vendicare nee reclamare poterimus 
eu debemus, sed ab omn! actione juris titul! clame! usus possessionis 
nteresse sive demande inde habenda sive petenda penitus sumus 
lixclusi inperpetuum per presentes. 

5 Insuper nos diet! prior et conventus promlttimus per presentes, 
luod nee nos nee successores nostr! fodient nee fossum facient, nee 
liquid aliud undo dictus murus vel nutare vel inclinare vel corruere 
lossit. 

j Insuper cum predictus magister sive presidens et socii dicti 
jollegii in animo habeant, et decreverint &cere tres vel quatuor 
enestras sive plures sive pauciores in parte boriali cujusdam ambula- 
'orii vocati ly Galari paten tis et adjacentis fundo dictorum fratrum 
jJarmelitarum, nos predict! prior et conventus fratrum Carmelitarum 
fredictorum concedimus et fideliter promittimus pro nobis et succes- 
Dribus nostris per presentes, quod nee nos nee successores nostri 
liquod edificabimus vel extruemus nee edificare vel extruere permit- 
•femus nomine titulo juris aliquem murum vel edificium quod possit 
ffirmare vel obstruere arcere vel obumbrare lumen a dictis feuestris 
dictis magistro et sociis edificandis, 

13—2 



196 

In cuius rei testimonium huic pi-esenti scripto nostro tarn sigil- 
lum predict! prioris quam sigillum commune totius conventus appo- 
suimus. Datum in domo nostra capitulari duodecimo die mensis 
Februarii anno regni Henrici octavi Dei gratia Aughe et Irancie 
regis, fidei defensoris, et domini Hibernie et in terra supremi capitis 
Anglicane ecclesie vicesimo octavo. 

Per me Georgiu Legate per me Jobane per me WilTm Wylsone 
per me Tboma Murray Haddyngtone per me Will m Bulward. 

per me frem Clemetem 

Thorpe 
per me Wyllym Smytbe 

To this deed are appended the seals of the prior and of the 
community of the friars. 

The impression of the seal of the prior is very much worn; , 
it was oblong, 2iin. by l^in.; the centre bears a representation | 
of the Annunciation under a canopy, below is a small shield; 
the inscription is very indistinct, but seems to be 

siGiLLV prior' et fkm de carmelo cantebrigie. 

The seal of the community is circular, l^in. in diameter,; 
and represents an altar, on which stands a chalice touched by . 
a hand from heaven, the whole being surmounted by a kind oi 
canopy. The inscription, partly in Latin and partly in Gothic 
letter, is _ , 

S'. COITATIS FRM DE CARMELO CANTEBRIC* . 
The following extracts from the bursars' books refer to thia| 

purchase: — 

III. M. J. 1536-37, fo. 29. Item xi" Februaiii coquo pro pran-i 

dio duorum fraterculorum qui comitabantur priorem vu', 

Item xiij" Februarii m™ Thurlbye pro scriptione quam a frater 

culis accepimus in emptione muri lapidei xvj 

fo. 30 b. Imprimis xij° die Februarii pro muro cui collegi 
' pars borealis imminet juxta publicas foricas usque ad arma 

rium publicum ^^"j"- "^J' 

fo. 23. Item xv° Februarii m" Cobb pro tribus fenestris erecti 

' e quadrate lapide in deambulatorio magistri et ferramenti 

omnibus ad easdem luj . mj 



197 

Item iiij" Martii Laterumpositori . . . in . . . reparando muro qiiem 
emimiis a fratribus viij'. iij^ 

fo. 24. Item (ultimo Martii) Rogero Yownge vitrario pro tri- 
ginta pedibus vitri in novo presideutisdeambulatorio.. xij'. vj^ 

Item Lamberto pro sex ligneis fabricis in fenestris novis in deam- 
bulatorio magistri ■; vj^ 



Soon after the date of this deed Dr Hejnes resigned the 
mastership. The date, which is nowhere stated, is determined 
approximately bj the following extracts from the college 
accounts : 

II. M. J. 1536-7, fo. 29*. Item xiiij" Junii magistris Wilkes et 
Glynne pro expensis suis, qrnim ibant ad Swapham ad exami- 
nandum terminos illius acre, quam m'' D. Heynes dedit col- 
legio xix*. 

Item xx° Junii m'° Glynn quum deferebat literas ad magistrum 
electum xiij\ vj^ 

He certainly resigned before 20 June, and probably before 
14 June, 1537. 



Some miscellaneous extracts from the college account books 
during the presidentship of Dr Heynes are here given : — 
I 
! II. M. J. 1528-29, fo. 116 b. Item pro nova veste stragulata 

lecti magistri cum diversis imaginibus aprorum et hominum 

venatorum xxxviij^ iiij^ 

1529-30, fo. 126. Willelmo Collyns carpentario per eundem 
diem [Jan. 17] et dimidium subsequentis laboranti circa medi- 

I tullium Blenerhassett ix**. 

! 1530-31, fo. 138. Item Colyns pro factura (spheristerii) sphseri- 

diorum angl. ly whylbarows xij**, 

1531-32, fo. 167. Item pro dono date domino de Wentford 

Londini vj'. 

Item pro j li. cere rubra vij^ 

1532-33, fo. 179. Item solvi pictori Warde pro depictione ly 

hangings pro conclavi presidentis xx^ 

I fo. 186 b. Item xvj° Januarii magistro Stepleton pro magna 
' carta pendenti in conclavi iij°. iiij^ 



198 

1534-35, fo. 207. Item tabella polita cui affigitur edictum 
Wyncliester i"J • 

fo. 209 b. Item d°° Umfrey pro transcriptione edictorum Wyn- 
cliester ^iij'- 

III. M. J. 1535-36, p. 17. Item for drynkynge wyth the presi- 
dent at Midsomer fayer xiij . 

1536-37. p. 27. Item xx° Octobris pro quadiis quum milites 
aderant ■ ^J • 

fo. 28 b. Item xx°. Octobris (1536) pro duobus cadis zythi 
militibus ij'- y • 

Item pro candelis eisdem militibvis vij*. 

Item xxiij Octobris pro carta data pocillatoribiis iiij*. 

Item m"' Wylkes et Pomell pro expensis d" Edward! Chamber- 
layne et D. "Walgrave ex concessu m" et sociorum xxviij'. vj*. 

Item xxv° Octobris Amye (pauperculse) pro purgatione loci pro 
foribus in decessu militum ij • 

Item STibcoquo pro reductione oymbse ablatse a militibus ij**. 

(These were some of the soldiers sent under the duke of Norfolk 
to suppress the rebellion in the north.) 




jjN 16 July, 1537 (as has been stated), Dr Heynes was 
elected dean of Exeter, and in that capacity attended 
the baptism of prince Edward (afterwards Edward VI.), 
15 Oct. 1537. (Strype, Mem. Vol. ii. B. i. ch. 1. p. 5.) 

Being a great statesman he was sometimes employed in 
weighty embassies to foreign princes, and was very successful ini' 
most of the affairs that were committed to his charge. (Downes.) 
In May, 1538, the dean and Bonner (afterwards bishop of 
London) were sent into Spain, and joined in commission witht 
sir Thomas V\^yat, resident ambassador to the emperor. ' Im-i 
pressed with the conviction, that sir Thomas treated thems 
slightingly, Bonner, in a letter to Cromwell, 2 Sept. 1538, from; 
Blois, charged him with traitorous correspondence with Keginalo! 
Pole, and with using disrespectful language of the king. Crom- r 
well, who was a firm fiiend of Wyat and could not fail to havt 
perceived the intense malignity of Bonner, treated the accusa-; 
tionwith contempt'; but, after his downfall, Bonner and Heyne\ 
renewed their accusation against Wyat, but with no hette: 
success; for though he was imprisoned in the Tower, anci 



199 

arraigned on a charge of treason, yet he was acquitted. This 
Wcis about the year 1540. (Cooper, Ath. i. 80.) 

The act of VI. Articles was made in the parliament that 
began on 28 April, 1539, though not without ' great striving 
and struggling in the house about passing these articles,' the 
king coming in person into the parliament-house to force it 
through. While the debates were still going on, ' at Eaton . . . 
there was a stout Priest, that blazed abroad triumphantly, that 
transubstantiation is determined to be believed as an article of 
our faith, &c. and two other things.' Hereupon Dr Heynes wrote 
a letter (MS. Cotton, Cleopatra E. v. art. 9) to 'some certain men 
of the court, as it seems, of great authority,' admiring how the 
king could pretend authority of Scripture for those articles, there 
being not any express word of God written for them : unless 
men use Scripture (said he) for proving these, as the bishop of 
Rome quoteth the Scripture to prove his authority to be ex jure 
di\ ino : he observed also, that if the king with the lords spiri- 
tual and temporal, &c. ' should establish these articles to be true 
iare dwino without any authority of Holy Scripture, or else by 
authority wrong understanded,' it ought to be considered that 
the emperor and the French king had the like power in their 
iominions to decree other things to be true, jure dwino, from 
Scriptures likewise wrong understond; so likewise the bishop of 
Rome in his dominions, and all the princes of Germany and 
Italy in theirs, and therefore much more a general council of the 
egates of these princes may determine things to be institute of 
3rod in his Holy Scriptures, by Scriptures wrong understond, as 
;he primacy of the Roman bishop, his power over kings and 
Dvinces and the permanent obligation of monastic vows : which 
night compel hira ' unawares finally to undo all that ' he ' hath 
•lone heretofore against the bishop of Rome, monks, and friars, 
&c.' Dr Heynes was of opinion that nothing ought to ' be decreed 
aor made by man to be an article of our faith, except the same 
36 manifestly grounded upon Holy Scripture written, or at the 
east wise manifestly and plainly deduced out of Holy Scrip- 
:ure written;' and though speaking his mind boldly to his cor- 
irespondent, trusted that his fears might not be realized. (Strype, 
Mem, Vol. i. Book i. ch. 47, p. 352. App. cviii.) 



200 

On 17 Dec. 1540 Dr Heynes was appointed (by patent 32 
Hen. VIII.) tlie first prebendary of the first stall in the cathe- 
dral church of Westminster upon the new foundation thereof, 
' as a reward for the services he did in Embassies he was 
employed about by the King' (Strype, Mem. Vol. ii. B. ii. 
ch. 18, p. 386). 

About the year 1541, or 1542, Dr Heynes with sir Philip 
Hoby and his wife and others were by Dr London, Dean of i 
Wallingford, a busy persecutor, and some others combining 
together, put into a paper of complaints, which was presented to 
bishop Gardner, the King's great Privy Counsellor (in which ; 
Plot himself privily was), 'as Aiders and Maintainers of one 3 
Antony Persons, a good Preacher in Windsor, who was about " 
that Time burnt' And Heynes was moreover accused as a 
Common Eeceiver of suspected Persons (Strype, r^Z>tsz«pra). I 

About the year 1543 he was by Thomas Sothorn (or Sothe- ; 
ron) treasurer of the church of Exeter (1531-57), and Dr Brewr- 
wood, chancellor [archdeacon of Barnstaple 1528-44, Oliver, 
Exeter, 294], accused to the council for preaching against the i 
superstitious use of holy bread and holy water, 'and that he i 
should say in one of his sermons (having occasion to speak of ;i 
matrimony) that " marriage and hanging were destiny," whence ' 
they would have gathered treason against him, because of the 
king's marriage, as though he had an eye to that. But however rj 
on this accusation he was sent to the Fleet, with sir Philip '), 
Hoby accused by Bishop Gardiner ' (Strype, uhi swprd). I 

Dr Heynes was one of the compilers of the ' Order of the t 
Communion' of 1548 and of the Prayer-Book of 1549, and in ij 
consequence in Samuel Downes' edition of bishop Sparrow's i 
Rationale upon the Book of Common-Prayer of the Church v 
of England (London 1722, 8"°), a sketch of his life is to be i' 
found. j' 

He was instituted to the rectory of Newton Ferrers Devon- 
shire 25 March 1538, This living he held till his death, his 
successor John Pollard being instituted 19 Jan. 1552-3. 

In the royal commission dated 12 Apr. 1549, he was asso- 
ciated with archbishop Cranmer, bishops Goodrich of Ely, Heath 
of Worcester, Thirlby of Westminster, Day of Chichester, Hoi- 



201 

beacli of Lincoln, Ridley of Rochester and others, for inquiring 
into heretical pravitj. 

In ^laj 1549 he was placed among the commissioners for 
visiting and reforming the colleges and university of Oxford. 
In this ca])acity he was one of the five who presided at the 
public disputation held in the divinity school there for three 
days between Peter Martyr and Dr William Tresham, canon 
of Christ's church, and others, concerning Transubstantiation 
(Strypc, Cramner, B. ii. ch. 14), 




pA Heynes drew up, probably soon after the dissolution 
of the religious houses, some articles for reforming the 
constitution of his cathedral: as they were never acted 
upon, they probably never received the approbation of the king, 
to whom they were submitted. They have been printed by 
Dr Geo. Oliver in his Lives of the Bishops of Exeter , &c,. (Exeter 
1861, 8^'°) pp. 477—483, from Harl. MS, No. 604. 59. 

From his work they are here given, as assisting us somewhat 
in forming an estimate of the Dean. 

Certein Articles noted for the Reformance of the Cathedral 
Church of Excester, submitting them unto the King's Majestie. 

1. First, that the names of Dean and Chapter, with the 
names of Chaunter, Treasorer, Chauncelor, Subdean, Prebendaries, 
Chanons, &c., may be chaunged into names of holy scripture as 
pastor of the churche and prechars of the gospell. And that all 
lends and other yerly emoliments heretofor given to the Dean and 
Chapter and other Dignitees by the names aforesaid maie remaine 
to the use of the pastor and prechars of the same Churche and 
be emploied only to such uses as hereaflfter ensewith. 

2, That the pastor having care of the churche, may have to his 
owne use for the sustentacon of himself and his howshold all manner 
yerly revenewes whiche the Dean had before, with the porcon of 
on prechar like as the Dean had before, this office of the pastor 
to be evermore at the gift and disposicon of the kings majeste. 
The pastor to be ever a doctor of divinite lafulli admitt in an univer- 
site of this realme. 



202 

3. That there may be also eleven other prechars, doctors orellis 
bachelors of divinite, lefuUy admitt within an universite of this 
realme, whiclie with the pastor shall preache by cowrss an sermon 
within the said cathedral church every Sondaie and halidaie in 
the yer; every of them to have yerly ffiffty pownds, thes eleven, 
prechars to be evermore at the gift of the Bushope, provided that 
if the Bushope do by any sinister affecon promote any unable 
man to the rowme of a prechar, that then he shall forfaite the gifft 
of all the said prechars to the kyngs grace during the liff of the 
Bushop so offending, and the unable persone nevertheless to be 
deprived. And that the said pastor because he hath cure of the 
churche shall be bownd to preache four sermons over and besids 
his porcon of the prechars sermons, upon these four fests following, 
that is to say, an sermon upon All Hallo wes dale, an sermon upon 
Christmas dale, an sermon upon the Epiphany daie, and an sermon 
upon thAssencon daie and that in his owne person, if he be present 
and not seike, etc, and if he be absent or lettid by sekenes or other- 
wise, than to provide at his owne cost and charge, that the said 
sermons be done by lerned and able prechars. Upon all the residew 
of Sondaies and halidaies, the pastor shall be non otherwise bownd 
to preache, but by cowrss and as other prechars are bownd. Item 
that the said pastor and prechars and every of them may be bownd 
yerly to preache abrode in the diocese of Excester spetialli in 
churches appropriat unto the said cath. churche eight sermons, 
that is to sale evry quarter two upon peine, &c. 

4. That the said pastor and prechars every Sondaie and halidaie 
as they shall be resident and present, may be bownd to sing high 
mass, and to execute suche divine service within the said cathedral 
churche, as it shall please the kyngs grace to assigne. Provided, 
that the pastor shall execute only upon the fests folowing if he 
be present upon All Hallowes daie, Christmas daie, Epiphani daie, 
on the Purification of our Ladies daie, Good Fridaie, Ester daie, 
Whitsonday and thAssencon daie, upon all other Sondaies and 
holidaies, the said eleven prechars by cowrss to sing high mass 
and to execute other divine service as they shal be present. 

5. That the said pastor and prechars and evry of them may 
be bownde to kepe hospitalite and to be present at morow mass 
or ellis at high mass daily by the space of forty dales together 
or at several tymes, evry quarter of the yer and evry of the said 
forty dales, either to dyne or suppe in his owne howss. Provided 



20S 

ahvaie, that when so ever it shall happen the said pastor or ony 
of the other prechars to be seke within ther own howses at Excester 
that during the time of ther seknes they may be discharged of the 
qweir provided also that if it shall happen ony of the said pastor 
and prechars to be sent ambassadors from the kyngs majeste unto 
ony forein prince or place beyond the see, orellis to be sent for 
to be present at ony convocation or cownsail within this realme, that 
evry of them so being absent by the kyngs graces commandement 
shal be accepted as present in the said churche, and have all 
manifold profits of a prechar resident and keping hospitalite in the 
same, from the dale of his knowledge of the kyngs graces pleasor 
in the premises, unto the dale of his retorne unto the kyngs ma- 
jeste and eight dales affter. And unto thend of suche cownsaile 
or convocacon, and eight dales afiter the same cownsaile or con- 
vocacon is ended. Provided also, that the said pastor and prechars 
being absent in preching ther quarter sermons in the diocese, 
shalbe accepted as present for so long as they ar occupied in that 
busyness. 

6. That the pastor and prechars entering residence in the 
said cathedral chui-che, may enter frely withoute paying ony money 
to the cathedral churche or to any other persone or persones for the 
same, except anly the first fruts and the tenth dew to the kyngs 
majeste by his lawes and the ordinari fees dew to the Bushop and 
pastor for institucon and indviccon in the same. Ony statute or 
custome of the said churche hei-tofore made to the contrary not- 
withstanding. 

7. That the corporacon of the churche, which was by the name 
of Dean and Chapter of Seint Peters Churche in Excester may be 
changed, and to be called now the pastor and prechars of Christs 
Churche in Excester and the comen seale which now hath graven 
in it the image of Seinte Peter with a triple crowne may be likewise 
alterid, 

8. That the correcon of the priests and peple within the Closs of 
the churche of Excester, and of all churches and parishes appropriate 
to the same may pertyn unto the pastor aforesaid, as of right it per- 
teyned before unto the Dean, who hath the jurisdiccon of an Arche- 
decon within the churche, and -within all parishes appropriat to the 
same, as apperith by sufficient writings under seale, for now, neither 
the Archedecon from whom they be exempte, nor yet the Dean unto 
whom such correcon perteyneth, do correcte the enormitees of priests 



204 

and other within the peculiar jurisdiccon of the said Dean. Maie it 
therefore, please the kyngs majeste to restore imto the pastor the 
jurisdiccon of an Archedecon with like comoditees fees and profits 
within the said cathedral churche and parishe churches appropriat, 
as Archedecons hath of churches within ther jurisdiccons, &c. 

9. That ther may be in the said churche a lerned man in holy 
scriptui-e, that shall rede a lecture openly in the churche three 
days evry weke (he to have forty marks for his labor) and that the 
said pastor and prechars may be bound daili both at dyner and 
supper to have som parte of holy scripture redd at ther tables, &c., 
the said redar to be chosen, & upon just causes to be removed by the 
pastor and six other prechars of the said churche, and the said 
pastor and prechars being in towne may be bound dailie to be present 
when the lecture is redd. 

10. That tliere may be in the said cathedral churche a fre 
song scole, the scholemaster to have yerly of the said pastor & 
prechars twenty marks for his wages and his howss fre, to teach 
forty children frely to rede, to write, syng and play upon instruments 
of music, also to teach them ther a. b. c. in greke and hebrew and 
evry of the said forty childre to have wekely 12d, for ther meat 
and drink and yerly 6s. 8d. for a gowne, they to be bownd daili 
to syng and rede within the said cathedral churche such divine 
service as it may please the kyngs majeste to alowe. The said 
childre to be at comons all together with three priests hereaffter 
to be spoken of, to see them well ordered at their meat and to 
reform their manners. 

] 1. That ther may be a fre gramar scole within the said 
cathedral churche, the scholemaster to have 201. by yer, and his 
howss fre, the ussher 101. and his howss free, and that the said 
pastor and prechar may be bound to fynd 60 childre at the said 
gramar scole, giving to evry on of the children 12d. wekely to go 
to comons within the cite at the pleasor of ther frends, so long 
to con t^ new as the scholemaster do see them diligent to lern. 
The pastor to appointe eight, every prechar four, and the schole- 
master four : the said childre serving in the said churche and going 
to such scole to be preferred before strangers. Provided always, 
that no child be admitted to thexhibicon of the said churche, whose 
father is knowen to be worth in goods above 3001. or ellis may 
dispend above 401. yerly of enheritance. 

12, That the said pastor and prechars may be bound to find 



205 

twenty-four scolers at the universitees, twelve at Cambridge and 
twelve at Oxford, every of them to have five marks yerly and on 
of the twelve in either universitee to be paimaster tmto the reside w 
and he to have 13s. 4d. yerly above the porcon of others, the 
scolers browght up in the scole of Excester to be preferred to 
these exhibicons before strangers. Six to be assigned by the 
bushop, six by the pastor, and every other prechar to assigne one. 

13. To find also twenty -four poor men, maymed in the kyngs 
warres, blinde, lame, or aged and impotent, having no londs nor 
goods to live on, nor able to get ther living by labor, evry of 
them to have 12d. wekely, and yerly a gowne price Gs. 8d. and 
ther howss fre. Non of them to begg, upon peyu to be put owte 
of that rowme. The maier and his brethenie at evry vacacon to 
present unto the pastor and prechars three of the moste poore 
men, and the pastor and prechars to be bound to take on of three 
so by the maier and his bretherne named. 

14. To find three honest prests daili to say morow mass in the 
said cathedral churche and daili at the same tyme to declare unto 
the peple being present a parte of the Paternoster in Englishe, a 
parte of the ten commandments, orellis a part of the articles of 
Christs faithe. And all the children both of the song scole and 
gramar scole to be bound daili to be present thereat, with ther 
scolemasters. And that on of the said priests also by cowrss may 
be bownd to sing daily high mass and evry of thes prests to be 
bownd to be present at all divine service, with the master of the 
song scole, every of them also bownd whan nede shall require to 
minister all sacraments, and to visit seek men within the parishe 
of the said cathedral church, to be choseu by the pastor and six 
of the prechars and upon resonable causes by them to be pub 
owte, evry of the said three so long as they diligentli execute 
ther office to have yerly for ther wages 20 marks, they to go to 
comons together with the scolemaster of the song scole and all 
the forty childre with them, to thinteut they may see the good 
ordre of the same childre. 

15. That two of the said twelve prechars may be yerly chosen 
at the fest of Seint Michael, to receive and pay such sumes of money 
as ar to be received and paid, and to make ones in the yer a trew 
and perfite accompte and either of them to have 41. over and 
besids ther porcons above limetid. 

16. To fynd also a clerk to write their rekenings and to make 



^06 

ther books of accompte perfite, he to have yerly 20 nobles wages, 
and meat and drink with the pastor and prechars present, where 
he list to take it. 

17. To fynd a lerned man in the lawes of the realme resident 
for the more parte in Devonshire to be present at all law daies 
and courts of the said pastor and prechars to se justice executed 
and peace kept among ther tenants and he to have 20 marks fee 
yerly. 

18. To find an honest man, to be verger of the churche to 
se silence kept in tyme of sermons, lectures and other divine service 
within the same, daily to attend upon the bushop being present, and 
in his absence upon the pastor being present, the said verger to have 
81. yerly wages meat and drink with the biishop being present and 
in his absence with the pastor being present. 

19. To fynd a man to kepe the gates of the closs, the clocke 
and chyme and to ring in dew times unto sermons lectures p.nd 
other divine service, he to have 51. wages, and meat and drink 
with the said pastor and prechars being present. 

20. Because upon certeyn holidaies ther be distribucons given 
unto the Dean and Chanons to kepe them at home in the cathedral 
churche, whan it were most expedient they wer abrode in the contre 
to preache the word of God, and ageyn at Assisis and Sessions 
(when it were the kyngs graces honor, and all ther honestees to 
be at home, to kepe hospitalite for them that resort for the ex- 
ecucon of justice and of their tenants, &c.) thei be absent. Therefor 

may it please the kyngs grace to converte the 521. by yer given 
for mayntenance of hospitalite upon halidaies to the mayntenance 
of hospitalite, at Assisis and Sessions, that is to say, that the said 
pastor and every other prechar being present either at Assise or 
Sessions holden quarterly at Excester to have 20s. so that every 
of them kepe two messes of meate within their owne howses, by 
the space of two daies, both at dyner and supper in tyme of the said 
Sessions and Assisis. 

21. That the said pastor and every prechar, ones begyning 
his quarter residense, although he deye before the same quarter 
residense be finished, shall have his porcon whoUy for that quarter 
as if he had fully kept forty daies residence, and had preached his 
sermons, and the statute de anno post mortem to be utterly abro- 
gate, &c. 

22. That the said pastor and prechars do not diminishe the 



207 

summe of tlie comon tresor now remayning in the said cathedral 
churclie to pay the ministers of Godd's worde and scolers aforesaid 
ther wages, unto new rents certain, ixpon pein to be deprived of their 
benefices, 

23. That it may be lefull to the pastor and prechars at the 
yeres end, all manner duties paid ordinary and extraordinari and 
after that the common tresor of the churche provided before hand 
be fully restored and a perfite accompte finished what to every man 
shall clerly remayne of the yerly revenew of the same cathedral 
churche, that to devid equalli among the said pastor and prechai-s 
resident, according as hath ben accustomed. Provided that evry 
man deying before his quarter be ended, and evry man being absent 
upon tbe lefle causes before rehersid, shall have his porcon of this 
divident, like as if they wer resident. 

24. Finalli that it may be lefull to the said pastor and prechars 
and to their successors to make ordinances with the consent of ther 
bushop, for the good ordre of the said two scoles and ther scole- 
masters and of the said three prests, verger and other officers, so 
that suche ordinances to be made by them be no point contrary 
to the kyngs graces ordre taken for reformacon of the said churche, 
by acte of parliament. 

Edmund Lacj bishop of Exeter died in 1455, and was 
"buried on the north side of the choir of the cathedral. The 
people had conceived the highest veneration for his memorj, and 
after his death ' many miracles were said and devised to be 
done at his tomb, whereupon great pilgrimages were made hy 
the common people to the same,' To put a stop to this, Dean 
Heynes removed the brass from the slab (Leland, Itin. iii. 45) : 
the slab still remains. (Oliver). 



Dr Heynes died in Oct. 1552 (Strype, Mem. Vol. ii. Book ii. 
ch. 18). 

His canonry and prebend in Exeter cathedral were given 
on 28 Dec. 1552 to John Blaxton, his rectory of Newton Ferrers 
three weeks later to John Pollard (Oliver, Exeter, 276, 477), 
his canonry at Westminster to Dr Andrew Perne fellow of 
Queens' college, who was installed 8 Nov. and the rectory of 



208 

Fulham on 21 Nov. to Edmund West (Cooper, AtU. i. 118. 
Newcourt). 

By his wife Joan , he left a son, Joseph, aged above 

five years on 16 July 1555. His widow soon married' Dr 
William Mey, his successor in the presidentship of Queens'. 

He died before 21 Oct. when his successor was presented to 
the rectory of Fulham. 

His arms were : Gu. crusily and a cinquefoil Or. 

Some books, formerly belonging to Dr Heynes, were pre- 
sented to the college library by Dr Thomas Yale. They were 

Tertulliani Opera, Basiled, 1528, fo. (M. 9. 20). 

Cypriani Opera, studio curaque D. Erasmi Rot. Basil. 1525, fo. 
(M. 9. 19). 

The latter contains the dean's autograph, and the binding of 
both bears the inscription SALVS . mea . dns. 

S. H. 

Under pieces of thin horn fastened to the bindings of these 
books is the following written on parchment : 

Thomas Yale Britanus Legti 
Doctor Cancellarius Archie 
piscopi Oantuariesis quondam 
Socius hujus collegii hunc 
libru dedit huic bibliotliecsg. 
A". D'. 1562. Januarii 6°. 



The following extract from the Court rolls of Mildenhall refers 
to the property which Dr Heynes possessed there, and to his son 
Joseph : — 

Ad curiam generalem D. Philippi et D. Marise Dei gratia, 
&c., xvi die Julii anno regni diet, regis et reginse primo et tertio 
irrotulatur sic. 

Presentatum est per totum homagium, quod Simon Heynes 
clericus diu ante istam, curiam vid. per duos annos jam elapsos, fuit 
seisitus secundum consuetudinem hujus manerii in dominico sue ut 
de feodo, de et in duabus arabilis terrse parcellis de xxxv acris et 



209 

dimid. terrse nuper in ternira Johannis Heynes, — ac de et in uno 
tenemento vocato Bernardes nuper in teniira Johannis Cotton, — ac 
de et in Ivij acris et ij rodis terrse et pasturse sive plus sive minus, 
prout jacent in campis de Myldenhal predicta in diversis peciis, ut 
patet in curia hie tenta die Jovis proximo post festum sancti Lucse 
Evangelistse anno regno regis Henrici viij. xxxviij" [21. Oct. 1546], — 
nee non de et in xij acris terrse nativse jacentibus in Townefield 
et Twamelfield in diversis peciis, — ac de et in iiij acris et dimidio 
terrse jacentis in Myldenhal predicta, — ac de et in quinque rodis 
terrse jacentibus in Halywelfield. Quapropter pi'semissa idem Simon 
nuper habuit ex sursum redditione Wilhelmi Heynes, prout patet 
in curia hie tenta die Martis proximo post dominicam in Albis anno 
regni regis Edwardi sexti primo [19. Apr. 1547.] et sic seisitus 
idem Simon de omnibus sapradictis prsemissis inde obiit solus seisitus. 

Efc quod Joseph Heynes est filius et heres ejus propinquior et 
raodo setatis quinque annorum et amplius : qui quidem Joseph 
prsesens hie in curia in propria persona sua petit se admitti ad 
omnia supradicta prsemissa tanquam ad jus et hereditatem suam. 

Et D. rex et D. regina ex gratia sua special!, per Clementem 
Heigham militem seneschallum suum, concesserunt ei inde seisinam 
tenendam sibi heredibus et assignatis suis per virgam ad voluntatem 
diet. D. regis et D, reginse secundum consuetudinem hujus manerii, 
per servitia et redditus inde debita &c. Salvo jure, &c. Et dat. D. 
regi et D. reginse v". de fine pro ingressu suo habendo, et fidelitas 
inde respectuatur quousque &c. 

Et ulterius consideratuni est per curiam, quod dictus Joseph est 
infra setatem ut prefertur : ideo determinatum est et concessum est 
quod Johanna Heynes nuper uxoris prsedicti Simonis ac mater 
prsedicti Josephi habebit custodiam ejusdem Joseph quousque idem 
Joseph pervenerit ad suam legitimam setatem. 

(Fox, Acts and Mon. ed. Townsend. v. 359.) 

The manor farm of Newberry Barking, at the dissolution of 
Barking Abbey, to which it belonged, was granted by the king 
to Sir Eichard Gresham. In 1578 Joseph Heynes esq. pur- 
chased it, who in 25 Eliz. got the queen's pardon for acquiring 
the same to him self... without her Majesty's licence (Newcourt, 
ii. 33, where Heynes is miscalled Harris), and Simon Heynes his 
son and heir conveyed it in 1625 to Th. Stych, esq. (Lysons, 

14 



210 

Environs, iv. 80). The manor of Wangay was granted to Joseph 
Heynes by queen Elizabeth in 1601, and his son Simon sold it in 
1623 to Thomas Fuller, esq. Joseph Heynes died 1621, and 
was buried in Barking church (Lysons, Environs, iv. 94). 

On 20 Sept, 1575, a grant of arms was made to Simon 
Heynes of Mildenhall Suffolk by Eobert Gooke Clarenceux 
king of arms (Lemon, Col. of State Papers, 1547-80, p. 503). 




211 



n* miilimx Mt^. 

June 1537— c. Nov. 1553. 
29 Hen. VIII.— 1 Mariaj. 




FTER the resignation of Dr Hejnes, 
William Mey LL.D, succeeded to 
the presidentship. He was a native 
of Suffolk, and a fellow of Trinity 
Hall; he proceeded bachelor of civil 
law 1526, C Conceditur d"° Maje ut 
studium septem annorum in hac 
universitate in jure civili secundum 
formam statuti sufficiat sibi ad in- 
trandum in eodem jure.' Grace book 
r, MS. Baker xxxi. 184) and com- 
menced doctor in that faculty in 
1530 (' 1529-30. Conceditur m''° Meye ut studium 3 : annorum 
in jure civili post gradum Bac: sufficiat sibi ad incipiendum in 
eodem jure.' Grace book T, MS. Baker xxxi. 187). 

In the notes to ' The Pilgrim,' written by William Thomas 
clerk of the council to Edward VI. and edited by J. A. Froude 
M.A. (8vo. London, 1861), we find (note A, pp. 83, 84) references 
to a Dr May. Inigo de Mendoza, the secret agent of Charles V. 
in England, writes to that king on 17 June, 1529: ' Dr May 
has written to me of his interview with the Pope. He has sent 
me a copy of the protest which he has entered in the Queen's 
behalf And M. de Praet, the king's minister at Eome, writes 



thence on 5 Auar. to Charles: 



'Dr May has reported to your 
14—2 



212 

Majesty a conversation which he has held with some of [the 
Cardinals] touching benefices and the like.' Mr Froude was 
unable to afford any information as to who ' Dr May ' was, but 
as these letters were written in the summer of 1529, and Wil- 
liam Mey did not take his LL.D. degree till 1530, the two can- 
not be the same person. 

He may have been one of the early band of Gospellers 
mentioned under Dr Farman, as we find him executor in 
1529 to Dr Eichard Smith, another fellow of Trinity hall, one 
of those early adherents of the reformation who were accus- 
tomed to meet at the White Horse, and who is stated to have 
been for sometime imprisoned on the charge of heresy (Cooper, 
Afh. i. 37); he was however in July 1529 employed by the 
college in procuring the papal confirmation ,of their statutes. 
(See p. 188.) He was chancellor to Nicholas West bishop of 
Ely, after whose death in 1533 he became a great favourite with 
bishop Goodrich his successor : he acted as his proxy at his 
installation at Ely 2 May 1534. 

In Nov, 1533 he brought down letters to the university from 
Dr Heynes the vice-chancellor, who was then in London to pro- 
cure the confirmation and enlargement of the university privi- 
leges (Cooper, Ann. i. 362). 

In 1534 archbishop Cranmer appointed him his commissary 
for visiting the diocese of Norwich (Strype, Cranmer, B. i. ch. 
7); and although bishop Nikke at first disputed his authority, 
yet he was at last compelled to yield. On 27 March 1535 he 
was instituted to the rectory of Bishop's Hatfield Hertford- 
shire on the king's presentation, which he held by a dis- 
pensation from the archbishop, as he was not yet in priest's 
orders. ' On Trinity Eve 7 June 1536 he was after the 
fashion of those days (see Simon Heynes' title for orders, p. 178) 
ordained subdeacon, deacon, and priest all at once, by bishop 
Goodrich, in Holbourn chapel (Cole MS. Vol. xlvr. p. 131). 
As proctor for the diocese of Ely he signed the articles of 1536. 
In 1537 Dr Mey was appointed by archbishop Cranmer one 
of the commissioners for devising a wholesome and plain expo- 
sition of the Ten Commandments, the Lord's Prayer, the Apo- 
stle's Creed, and the Sacraments, and ' to set forth a truth of 



213 

religion purged of errors and heresies' (Strype, Cranmer, B. i. 
cli. 13). Their labours produced ' The godly and pious Institu- 
tion of a Christian man' or 'the Bishops' Book,' printed in that 
year. 

About June 1537 he was elected president of Queens' col- 
lege, though by what influence is no where stated : Dr Heynes 
may however have procured his election as his successor to for- 
ward the opinions to which he himself was attached. Dr Mey 
became sinecure rector of Littlebury Essex 12 May 1538, and 
on 17 Oct. 1540 bishop Goodrich collated him to the rectory of 
Balsham Cambridgeshire. 

III. M. J. 154243, fo. 100. Item 20 Novembris Normanno pro 
equo et pane eidem ante exitum, et Hiigoni Glyn (Cooper, 
Ath. L 209) portanti literas a prseside ad magistrum ad Bal- 
sham de curiis tenendis apud Haverill viij'*. 

■ (We find here the president termed master,, and the vice-pre- 
sident president, according to the custom of most of the other 
colleges.) 

On the refoundation of the church of Ely 10 Sept. 1541, he 
was appointed to a canonry (third stall) therein. 

III. M. J. 1556-46, fo. 138 b. Item m"' Hutton et Deconson 
missis Eli ad consulendum presidem in negotiis collegii et pro 
cimba et ei qui earn rexerat '^''' j**- 

In 1545 an act of parliament was passed ' for the dissolution 
of colleges,' which empowered the king to appoint commissioners 
to enter into all such colleges, chantries, hospitals, fraternities, 
&c., as should be specified in their commission, and on their 
entry into the same, vested them in tlie king. This act placed 
all the foundations in the universities at the king's disposal; and 
as the courtiers were suing the king to survey their lands and 
possessions that they might get their share of them, certain 
i friends of the university persuaded the king not to appoint anv 
of his ofBcers of state for that purpose, but Dr Matthew Parker 
master of Corpus Christi college then vice-chancellor, Dr John 
jEedman master of King's hall, and Dr William Mey. These 



214 

were empowered to enquire into the possessions of the several 
colleges in this university, and to ascertain how the statutes 
were observed. The king's commission is dated 16 Jan. 1545-6. 
A summary of the surveys was presented by the three com- 
missioners to the king at Hampton court, and the result was 
that the colleges were saved from dissolution, and even from 
being forced to exchange their lands for impropriations, which 
they feared almost as much. 

On 1 Nov. 1545 Dr Mey became prebendary of Chamber- 
lain's wood in the church of St Paul, of which on 8 Feb. 1545-6 
he was elected dean (ISTewcourt). There was some difficulty 
about his election, for on 24 Jan. 1545-6 the privy council 
wrote to the chapter to proceed to the election of Dr William 
Mey, the king's chaplain,, to the deanship without further delay 
or cautel used by them under pretence there wanted the great 
seal unto the king's letters in that behalf. Bonner was then 
bishop of London, and may have had something to do with 
these delays. 

As dean Dr Mey continued, notwithstanding the opposition 
of the bishop, to further and advance the reformation to the ut- 
most of his power. 

In August 1546 he and sir William Petre were sent to 
Calais to treat with the commissaries of the king of France, 
and sir William describes Dr Mey as ' a man of the most honest 
sort, wise, discrete and well lernyd, and one that shall be very 
mete to sarve His Majesty in many wayes' (Cooper, Ath.). 

At the time of the death of Henry YIII. and the accession 
of the young king Edward YI. (28 Jan, 1546-7) the reforming 
party was in power, and a royal visitation for all the dioceses 
was decreed in May 1547. Among the visitors for the western 
dioceses of Salisbury, Exeter, Bath, Bristol, and Gloucester, 
were the two deans Dr Mey and Dr Heynes. 

In the same year he was (together with sir W. Paget, high 
steward of the university, sir Thomas Wendy the king's phy- 
sician, sir Thomas Smith, sir William Cecil, and John Cheke) 
empowered by the university to determine all disputes between 
the university and the town (Cooper, Ann. ii. 6). 

In the early part of 1548 he was associated with the primate 



215 

and otlier ' notable learned men' in drawing up the ' Order of 
the Communion' published 8 March 1548 (i.e. 1547-8). The 
same commission afterwards brought out ' The book of the Com- 
mon Prayer and administration of the Sacraments, and other 
rites and ceremonies of the church, &c.', commonly called the 
first Prayer-book of Edward YI , which was established by the 
Act of Uniformity, Stat. 2 and 3 Edw, VI. c. 1, and ordered to 
be used by Whitsunday 9 June 1549, though in London it 
was in use as early as Easter-day 21 April. 

On 12 Nov. 1548 he was appointed one of the commissioners 
for visiting the university. This visitation began 6 May 1549 
and terminated 4 July. 

He was one of the commissioners for the suppression of 
heresy, for reforming and codifying the laws ecclesiastical, and 
(8 Sept. 1549) for examining his own bishop Bonner for several 
matters of contempt of the king's order, but the dean though 
present does not seem to have taken any prominent part in the 
latter proceedings. He was one of the judges of Georg van Parre, 
the Dutchman tried 4 Apr. 1551 for Arianism, for which he was 
burnt. (Fox, Acts and Mon. ed. Townsend, v. 750-800.) 

Dr Mey was a friend of I)r Matthew Parker, master of Cor- 
pus Christi college, and assisted him in the revision of the sta- 
tutes of that college, which was made at the beginning of the 
reign of Edward VI. (Masters, CCCC. 78). 

On 2 Jan. 1551-2 Dr Mey was empowered with others to 
assist the lord chancellor in hearing causes, and became one of 
the masters of requests 6 Edw. VI. 1552. In 1552 or 1553 he 
married Joan the widow of his predecessor Dr Heynes. 

Edward VI. died 6 July 1553, and his sister Mary ascended 

the throne. In consequence of the change of religion which soon 

followed, Dr Mey lost most of his preferments, including the 

mastership of Queens'. His doings in queen Mary's reign and 

' his subsequent career will be related hereafter. 

j We find the following references to Dr Mey as dean in the 

' Gkromde of the Grey Friars of London, e^. by J. Gr. Nichols for 

I the Camden Society, 1851. 

F ' 1549. The ij*^^ sonday of Lent preched Coverdalle, and 
whan hye masse was done the dene of Powlles, that was that 



216 

tyme William May, commandyd the sacrament at the hye autre 
to be pullyd downe (p. 58). 

* 1550. Item on Sente Barnabes day wa3 kepte no holiday 
through alle Londone at the commandment of the mayer, arid at 
nyght was the aulter in Powlles pullyd downe, and as that day 
the vayelle was hongyd up benethe the steppes and the tabulle 
sett up there; and a sennet after there the comunion was mynys- 
terd (p. 67). 

' Item at Chrystmas was put downe in Powlles the Rectores 
Chori, wyth all their coppys et processione, and no more to be 
usyd (p. 68). 

'1551. Item the xxiiij. day of the same monyth [March] 
after was the grattes besyde the hye alter in Powlles closyd up, 
that the pepulle shulde not loke in at the tyme of the comu- 
nyone tyme and the vayle hongyd up. And the xxviij. day 
after was Ester evyne, and then was the tabulle remevyd, and 
sette benethe at the vayele northe and sowthe ; and on Esterday 
the dene, then beynge Wyllyam Maye, dyd mynyster hym-selfe 
(p. 69). 

' 1552. Item the iiij. day of September was apone a sonday, 
and then the qweer of Powlles had a commandment from the 
dene from Cambryge at the byshoppe of Cantorberes visitation 
that he shulde leve the playnge of organs at the devyne servys, 
and soo left it (p. 75).' 

Dr Mey is described as being well skilled in the constitution 
both of church and state, and (as has been seen) there was 
scarcely any considerable step taken towards the reformation of 
the prevailing corruptions and abuses in either, without his 
opinion being taken. 




E turn now to the history of the college during the 
sixteen years of Dr Mey's first presidentship. 

The chief event undoubtedly was the surrender of the 
neighbouring monastery of the Carmelite friars to the crown 
and the acquisition of their land and buildings by the college : 
this is therefore perhaps the best place to put together what 
is known of the history of that house. 



217 

The Carmelites or White Friars came over to England in 
the reign of Richard I. Those who settled near Cambridge 
lived first at Chesterton, and afterwards (since 1249) at Newn- 
ham, where Michael Malherb gave them a habitation. Here 
they built a number of cells ' ecclesiamque claustrum et dormi- 
torium et officinas satis honestas,' covering altogether about 
three acres of ground. Only a portion of this was given by 
Malherb, the rest they had from other benefactors and by 
purchase. By writ directed to the mayor and bailiffs of Cam- 
bridge, tested 14 July, 1270 (Rot. Lib. 54 Hen. HI MS. Baker 
XXV. 20), king Henry III. required them to pay out of the farm 
of the town to the friars of the order of Mount Carmel dwellino: 
in Cambridge the sum of 52 shillings, being the king's gift 
for their expenses. 

The following is the account of the monastery given in 
Rotuli Hundredorum of 1279 (ii. 360 b. London, 1812-18 fo.). 
It consists of part of the survey of Cambridge drawn up by 
certain jurors for the information of the Court of Exchequer : 

Item fratres de Monte Carmeli habent qiiendam locum ubi inha- 
bitant et ubi ecclesia eorum fundata est in ISTeunliam, ciijus vero loci 
quandam partem habent de dono Mich. Malerbe in perpetuam elemo- 
sinam et aliam partem de perquisite et de dono plurimorum, et con- 
tinet in se tres acras terre et ampKns; utrum autem habeant con- 
firm ationem de dono regis [vel] non, ignorant. 

The friars only remained about 40 years in Newnham. In 
1290 (18 Edw. I.) they petitioned the parliament that William 
de Hamelton might give them a house which he had in the 
town of Cambridge, where they might build their habitation 
anew, because they then dwelt without the town, viz. at Newn- 
ham, where in winter they suffered many and great inconveni- 
ences on account of the inundation of the waters, so that the 
scholars could not have access to them to hear divinity, nor 
could they go to the town to obtain their victuals. On tliis 
petition an inquisition was awarded {Bot. Pari. i. 51). Their 
new house was built in the parish of St John Milnestrete, many 
houses being destroyed to make way for their buildings, and in 
1292 they removed thither, and there remained till the dissolu- 



218 



I 



tion of religious houses. King Edward I., sir Guy de Mortimer, 
and Thomas de Hertford were great benefactors to them. About 
the same time Humphrey Necton, one of the friars, was permitted 
by the university, at the request of William de Ludham, bishop 
of Ely and chancellor of the university, to graduate in theology ; 
afterwards he read lectures in the house of the Carmelites. 

In 1291 a composition was made between Barnwell Abbey 
and the Carmelites ' pro indsmnitate ecclesie sancti Johannis.' 

By letters patent dated 16 Oct. 5 Edw. III. 1331, Joan de 
Caumpe had license to give to the monastery a messuage with 
its appurtenances contiguous to their dwelling. 

The Carmelites from the different monasteries in England, 
who studied at Cambridge, dwelt in this house till they 
graduated in divinity, when they returned to their several abodes. 
A list of such of these as were learned writers is given in Fuller's 
History of the University, sub anno 1282 (ed. Prickett and 
Wright, 69). 

The 'Trinity chest,' a sum of £100 given in 1348 by 
bishop Bateman of Norwich to be lent on pledge to members 
of the university, was in the custody of the Carmelites. This 
chest was seized by the townspeople in the great riots of 1381. 

In the processions which were held to commemorate the 
benefactors of the university, and which took place on the first 
Friday in Advent, the Friday next before Palm Sunday and 
the Friday next before the Ascension, the Carmelite friars took 
the third place in the procession (Cooper Ann. i. 118, a, 1380). 

In 1388 a parliament was held at Cambridge, and during 
its session Willam Courtney archbishop of Canterbury, and 
Edmund of Langley duke of York and earl of Cambridge, 
lodged in the house of the Carmelites. 

No mention is made of the Carmelite friars in the visitation 
by archbishop Arundel in 1401, though the house of the White 
Canons and the nunnery of St Rhadegund were visited by the 
commissioners. 

Lady Margery Eoos bequeathed them 405. in 1477 and Eoger 
Drury of Hawstead 3^. 4c?. in 1493 (Cullum's Hawstead, 117). 

In the High Gable Eental of Cambridge we find the 
Carmelites assessed at 16c?. (Cooper, Ann. i. 228). After the 



219 

dissolution of the friary we find this payment continued by the 
college. 

III. M. J. 1540-41, fo. 83. Item 7° Decembris Hawys juniori 
pro redditu debito oppidanis pro edibus Carmelitarum... xvj'\ 

The following are the chief references to the house of the 
Carmelites : — 

Dugdale, Monasticon Anglicanum. 

Tanner, Notitia Monastica (fo. London, 1744), pp. 48, 49. 

Cooper, Annals of Cambridge, i. 45. 53. 62. 135. 228. 

Fuller, Hist. Univ. Camhr. ed. Prickett and Wright, 42. ff. 67. 
69. 133. 

Leland, Collect, ed. 1770. Vol. i. Part. ii. p. 443. 

Barnwell Cartulary, MS. Earl. 3601. 

Bihlioth. Topogr. Brit. Vol. v. Hist, and Antiq. of Barnwell 
Alley (London, 1786, 4°), 34-35. 

Pat. 18 Edw. I. (1289-90), m. 16, de 3^"= mess, concess. per Wil- 
lelmum Hamelton. 

Pat. 20 Ed. I. (1291-92), m. 21. 

Pat. 8 Edw. II. (1314-15), pat. 1, m. 8, pro quadam venella 
contigua domui perquirenda et claudenda. 

Pat. 9 Edw. II. (1315-16), p. 1, m. 10 vel 11. 

Pat. 5 Edw. IIL (1331), p. 2, m. 5 vel 6. 

Pat. 24 Edw. IIL (1350), p. 1, m. 28. 

MS. Baker xx. Harl. 7047, p. 287, xxi. Harl. 7048, p. 69. 

MS. Cole, Vol. 48, Addit. 6849. 

Although such near neighbours, the college accounts contain 
very few allusions to the friars : — 

II. M. J. 1518-19, fo. ^'i. Item duobus laborantibus pro labore 
ij dierum cum dimidio cii'ca purgationem cuiusdam venelli 
a tergo librarii et camere magistri versus fratres Carmeli- 
tas xx"*. 

:Mich=. 1524— Mid^ 1527, fo. 93 b. Item Eicliardo Bycharstaf 
purganti fossam inter fratres et collegium iiij'*. 

1527-28, fo. 102. Item xxv die Octobris Jacobo subcoco pro 
x'epurgando aqueductu inter nos et fratres i*". 



I 



220 



1531-32, fo. 159. Item Ricliardo Baily xxvj" Julii laboranti 4°' 
dies circa purgatione venelle versus fratres et foricarum 
ibidem xvj'*. 

fo. 167. Item priori fratrum Carmelitamm pro x modiis Calcis 
adusti xviij*. 

1532-33, fo. 177. Item vj° Novembris...Ote (fabroferrario) pro 
sera et clavi ad ostium in claustro vergente ad fratres... xyj**. 

fo. 178 b. Item xx° marcii Jobanni Dowsy fabrolignario cum 
servo suo laborantibus per 4 dies super murum inter fratres et 
nobis iiij^ 

III. M. J. 1535-36, p. 8. Item pro vino presente priore Cai'- 

melitarum ij'*. 

p. 17. Item coco in presentia prioris Carmelitarum xviij*. 

1536-37, fo. 27. Item xxij Februarii pro vectura xii plaus- 
trorum ruderum et mille tegularum que emebantur a Carme- 
litis xxij^ 

fo. 28 b. Item xii° Martii coquo pro pisce et potu que emebat 
tribus Carmelitis prandentibus in coUegio "^iij*^- 

fo. 29* b. Item ipso die Assumptionis pro capis et cuniculis et 
ovilla priori Carmelitarum et alteri fraterculo, uxori Wylles 
(tbe college farmer at Swaffham) et Tburtylbye prandentibus 
in collegio xviij^ ob. 

fo. 31b. Item xxij° Septembris m™ Wylkes vicepresidenti pro 
expensis factis in magistrum de Savoye et priorem Carmeli- 
tarum x'*. 

1537-38, fo. 37. Item 11° Junii prefect© fratrum Carmelitarum 
pro 30 antiquis asseribus ligni macerati ij^ viij**. 

Under the presidentship of Dr Heynes is given the account 
of the settlement of a dispute between the college and the Car- 
melites about a party wall on 12 Feb. 1536-7. The latter may 
have hoped by timely concession to make themselves friends 
among that body, which in the tottering state of the monastic 
system in England was perhaps felt to be necessary. But the 
foundation of the houses was soon taken away by the parliament, 
and their ruin followed very rapidly. The first act of parliament, 
Stat, 27 Hen. VIII. c. 28, passed in the session which began 
4 Feb. and ended 14 April 1536, granted to the king all ' such 
monasteries, priories, and other religious houses of monks, 



221 

canons and nuns ' and their property, as were not able clearly 
to expend above £200 a year. This act suppressed 376 of the 
smaller monasteries and nunneries. The ' Pilgrimage of grace,' 
and other risings in favour of the old form of religion in 1536 
and 1537, having been put down, a new visitation was appointed 
' to examine everything that related either to the conversation 
of the Religious or their affection to the king and the supremacy, 
and to discover all that was amiss in them and to report it to 
the lord Vicegerent.' The prospect of what this visitation might 

I bring forth worked on the fears of the heads of some of the 
\ larger monastic bodies to induce them to surrender their founda- 
j tions to the crown, while bribes and promises produced the same 

II result in other cases. In 153.9 the king procured the passing of 
j.an act of parliament (stat. 31 Hen. YIII. c. 13) not to suppress 
\ the larger monasteries, but to vest in him all such monasteries 
J as had been surrendered since 4 Feb. 27 Hen. VIII. 1535-6, or 
j should afterwards be surrendered. And soon the whole of these 

houses, even those, ' wherein, thanks be to God, religion is right 

well kept and observed,' (praise bestowed on some by the previous 

act), were induced by various means to surrender or were forfeited 

to the crown by the attainder of their abbots for high treason. 

j In the survey of the diocese of Ely of 1534 (Valor Ecclesias- 

I ticus. Cooper, Ann. i. 370) this house of the Carmelites is not 

mentioned, so that its value is not known, however, ' Friars were 

by their profession mendicants and to have no property,' 

i (Tanner, Not.Mon. 1744. p. xxviii.): it escaped dissolution under 

the former act, as ' Houses of friars not being named in this act 

I (27 H. 8. cap. 28. [Apr. 1536] for dissolving the lesser monas- 

\ teries) they continued to the fall of the greater houses, and it 

I hath been argued, that if the love of money had been the only 

I cause of putting down the religious orders, the friars would have 

I been spared : for except the Trinitarians and some few others, 

j they had scarce revenues enough to keep their houses in repair.' 

j (Tanner, Not. Mon. Catalogue of the Greater Monasteries, note k) 

\ It may also have been spared as a place for the academic educa- 

j tion of the English Carmelites ; for in this year certain general 

injunctions were given on the king's behalf to all monasteries 

and houses of religion, one of which required the abbot or presi- 



'222 

dent to keep and find in some university one or two of his bro- 
thers, according to the ability and possession of the house ; who 
after they were learned in good and holy letters might, when they 
returned home, instruct and teach their brethren, and diligently 
teach the word of God. (Burnet, Ref. Records, Part. I. Book 
IV. no. 2.) 

However, between the passing of the two acts the Carmelites 
surrendered their house to the president and fellows of Queens', 
by deed dated 8 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII. 1538. 

Of the priors of this house, the following belonging to the 
last days of its history are recorded : , 

Andrew Barsham is mentioned as prior of the house of his ij 
order in the university when he proceeded B.D. in 1535 (Cooper, J 
Ath. i. 57). I 

William Watson occurs as prior on 18 Feb. 1535-6 (Cooper, j 
Ath. i. 162). ' 

George Legate was prior on 12 Feb. 1536-7, and on 8 Aug. , 
1538 (Cooper, Ath. i. 68). i| 

Clement Hubberd alias Thorpe, was prior or president (ac- !| 
cording to the wording of two deeds of the same date) on 28 i 
Aug. 1538 (Cooper, Ath. i. 68). 

On 8 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII. 1538, the Carmelites surrendered 
their house to Dr Mey president and the fellows of Queens' 
college by the following deed : — 

Be it knowen to all men, that we George Legat prior of the :; 
house of friers Carmelites in Cambridge comonlie called the White 
friers and the covent of the same howse by these present writyng tes- 
tifieth. 

That we the prior and covent aforseid gladly ffrely and willy nglie ;| 
do give and graunt and surrender into the hands of the right wor- , 
shipfuU M"" William Mey docf in law civill master or president of 
the coledge of Seynet Margarett and Bernard comonlie called the 
Queues coledge" in Cambridge and to the ffelawes of the same coledge 
and ther successors all that owr howse and grownd called the White 
friers in Cambridge, with all and singular the appertinences therof and 
therunto belongyng. And we also by these presents do testifie that 
when we shalbe required therunto we shall depart from the seid 



^23 

howse and grownd and give place unto tliem, and also slialbe redie 
at all tymes to make writyngs and seale to all sucli writyngs as 
slialbe divised by tlier learned counsell to lie in ns for tlie confirma- 
tion and assurannce of this owr gift and dede towards tbem: so 
that our fact and dede be nothyng prejudiciall but alowed and 
approved of and by our most dred and sovei-aigne lord the Kyng, in 
whose graces power and pleasure, being the supreme bed of this catho- 
lik chiu'che of Englond, we confesse and acknowledge that it is to 
alow or disalowe this owr fact or dede. 

In witnesse wherof I the seid prior have set to my seale, and the 
covent aforeseid ther own proper hands wrjrtyns. Given in owr 
chaptre howse at Cambridge aforseid the viij day of August the 
yere of the reigne of o'' most soveraigne lord Kyng Hemic the eight 
the XXX. 

Ita est per me fratrem Ciementem Thorpe, 

per me ffr. Wyllyam Smythe, 

per me frm Willelmum Wylson, 

This deed has appended to it the seal of the prior. 

On 17 Aug. 30 Hen. VIII. 1538, the king issued his com- 
mission to Dr George Daye provost of King's College, Dr Mey 
president, and Richard Wilkes and Thomas Smith, two of 
the fellows of Queens' College, to procure the surrender of the 
house of the Carmelites, then to take possession of it for the 
king, and to draw up a perfect inventory of all their goods, 
which was to be sent to him. 

The king's commission is here subjoined : — 

Henry the eight by the grace of God king of England and of 
Fraunce, defendor of the feyth, lord of Irelande, and in erth immedy- 
ately under God supreme hedd of the churche of Englande, To our 
trusty and welbeloved chapelains George Deye docto' of dyvinitie 
provost of our coUeadge of Cambridge, "William Maye docto' of the 
lawe maister of the Quenys CoUeadge within the same town, Richard 
Wilkes and Thomas Smyth M""' of Arts and to two of you, greeting : 

Forasmuch as we understande that the house of the White friers 
w*in that our towne and imiversitie of Cambridge remayneth at this 
present in suche state, as it is neyther used to the bono'' of God nor 
to the benefite of o' comenwealth, myndyng for the conversion of it 
to a better purpose to take it into o' own handes, We latt yo" witt 



224 

that having speciall trust in yo'" approved wisedoms and dexterities, 
We have named and appointed you that repayring unto the said 
howse immedyately uppon the receipt hereof, ye shall receve of the 
prio'' ther in our name and to o"" use such sufficient writing under the 
convent seale of the said howse, as by yo"" discretion shalbe thought 
mete and covenyent for the surrendre of the same ; The which sur- 
rendre so made. We wooll that ye shall take possession of the said 
howse, and soo to kepe the same to o"" use tyll further knowleage of 
o"" pleaso', taking a true and a perfite inventory of all the goodes of the 
said howse, the which o"" pleaso'' is ye shall send unto us inconty- 
nently, to thentent our further mynde maye theruppon be declared 
unto yo" w' more speed and celeritie. And these o"" Ires shalbe your 
warraunt in this behalf Geven under o"" privie seale at the castell 
of Arundell the xvij"" day of August the xxx* yere of our reigne. 

Thomas Cromwell. 

The commissioners set to work with dexterity and celerity, 
and soon obtained from the friars the required writing. Ten 
days only elapsed between the issuing of the King's commission 
and the surrender of their house by the Carmelites. Of the deed 
of surrender, dated 28 Aug. 30 Henry VIII. 1538, two copies 
exist in the college treasury, varying only in some small particu- 
lars, which are noticed in the following copy of one of them : — 

Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit, 
Clemens Hubberd alias' Thorpe, presidens^ domus fratrum Car- 
melitarum Cantebrigie in comitatu Cantebr'igie, alias dictus Clemens 
presidens^ domus sive prioratus vulgariter dicte the White freres in 
Cantebrigia in comitatu Cantebrigie et ejusdem loci conventus, vide- 
licet Peter Alanus, Willelmus Smyth, Willelmus Wilson, Edwardus 
Elisley, Thomas Mayre^ Salutem in Domino sempiternam. 

Noveritis nos prefatos Prioreni et conventum unanimi consensu 
et assensu nostris animis deliberatis certa scientia et mero motu nos- 
tris ex quibusdam causis justis et rationabilibus nos animas et con- 
scientias nostras specialiter moventibus ultimo et sponte dedisse cou- 
cessisse ac per presentes damns et concedimus et reddimus liberamus 
et confirmamus illustrissimo principi et domino nostro Henrico 
octavo Dei gratia Anglie et Francie regi Fidei defensori domino 
Hibernie at in terris supremo capiti Anglicane ecclesie, totum dic- 

1 — Hubberd alias j3. ^ prior j3. ^ — videlicet... Thomas Mayre j3. 



225 

turn prioratnm nosfcriim sive domum vocatam 'The White freers' in 
Cantebrigia pi-edicta, necnon omnia et singula messiiagia gai'dina cixr- 
tillagia tofta terras tenementa prata pascua pasturas boscos redditus 
reversiones servicia molendiua passagia libertates franchesias juris- 
dictiones aquas piscarias vias chimina vacuos fundos ac omnia et 
singula emolumenta proficua possessiones hereditamenta et jura 
nostra quecumque tam infra dictum comitatuni Cantebr. quam alibi 
infra regnum Anglie Wallie et marchias eorundem eidem domui 
isive prioratui nosti'o terris et tenementis nostris quoquo modo spec- 
tantia accumbentia^ sive incumbentia, ac omnimodas chartas evi- 
dentias scripta et munimenta nostra quecunque eidem domui sive 
jprioratui nostro terris et tenementis ac ceteris premissis cum suis 
pertinentiis seu alicui inde parcelle quoquo modo spectantia sive 
concernentia, Habendum tenendiim et gaudendum dictam domum 
jsive prioratum necnon omnia et singula predicta tenementa ter- 
ras et cetera premissa cum omnibus et singulis suis pertinentiis 
prefato invictissimo principi et domino nostro Regi lieredibus et as- 
signatis suis in perpetuum, cui in liac parte ad omnem juris effectum 
qui exinde sequi poterit aut potest nos et dictam domum sive priora- 
tum ac omnia nostra qualitei'dinque acquisita ut decet subjicimus et 
^ubmittimus, 

I dantes et concedentes (prout per presentes damus et conce- 
Sdimus) eidem regie majestati heredibus et assignatis suis omnem 
jet omnimodam plenamque et liberam facultatem^ et potestatem, nos 
et dictam domiim sive prioratum una cum omnibus et singulis terris 
tenementis et singulis ])remissis cum suis juribus efc pertinentiis qui- 
buscunque disponenda et pro suo libero regie voluntatis libito ad quos- 
cunque usus majestati sue placentes alienanda donanda convertenda et 
transferenda, hujusmodi dispositiones alienationes donationes conver- 
siones et translationes predictas per dictam majestatem suam fiendas 
ex tunc ratificatas ratas et gratas ac perpetuo firmas nos habitnros 
|)romittimus per presentes: et ut premissa omnia et singula suum debi- 
fcum sortiri valeant effectum, electionibus insuper nobis et successoribus 
nostris necnon omnibus querelis provocationibus actionibus litibus et in- 
fetantiis aliisque quibuscunque juris remediis et beneficiis (nobis forsan 
!et successoribus nostris in ea parte pretextu dispositionis alienationis 
translationis et conversionis predictarum et ceterorum premissorum 
qualitercunque competentibus et competituris) omnibusque doli er- 
roris metus ignorantie vel alterius materie sive dispositionis exceptioni- 

j 1 appondentia /3. ^ auctoritatem j3. 

: 15 



226 



f 



bus objectionibus et allegationibus prorsus semotis et propositis palam 
publice et expresse ex certa nostra scientia animis spontaneis renun- 
ciavimus et cessimus, prout per presentes renunciamus et cedimus et 
ab eisdem recedimus in liiis scriptis; et nos prefati prior et conven- 
tiis successoresque nostri dictam domum sive prioratum ac omnia et 
singula predicta terras tenementa ac cetera preniissa una cum suis 
pertinentiis universis prefato domino nostro regi beredibus et assig- 
natis suis contra omnes gentes warrantizabimiis in perpetuum per 
presentes. In quorum fidem et testimonium nos prefati prior et con- 
ventus buic scripto sigillum nostrum commune apponi fecimus. 
Datum vicesimo octavo die Augusti, anno dicti illustrissimi domiui 
nostri regis tricesimo. 

The deed of surrender is signed in the margin : 

per me Clementem Hubbard alias Thorpe 
per me fratrem Petrum Alanum 
per me fratrem Wyllym Smythe 
per me fratrem Willelmum Wilson 
per me fratrem Edwardum Elysley 
per me fratrem Thomam Meyre. 

The inventory of all the moveables belonging to the friai 
was taken on 6 Sept. SO Hen. VIII. 1538. 

The inventory of all and singular y® movable goodis off the 
howse of the whyte ffreers in Cambrydge taken by Doctor Maye 
master off the Quenes college in Cambrydge & Richarde Wylkys k 
Thoas Smythe felows off the same colledge y® vj day off Septebre in 
y® XXX yere off the reygne off owre sov^'aigne lord kyng Henry the 
viij*''. 

In p'mis one chalyse off tynne 

It™ one corporus case off grene sylke w* y® corporus clothe yn 

It™ one grett payer of latyn candelstyckes before y* altor 

It™one masse booke printed 

It™ one pax off latin It™ ij antiphonars wry ten 

It™ one grete porteows It™ ij worne altor clothes 

It™ one fruntlett for y® altor 

It™ one grett bell & one sawnse bell 

It™ one sute off vestimentes off whyte bustya 

It™ one sute off vestimentes off whyte sylke 

It™ one sute off vestimentes off grene bustia wyth byrdes 



227 

It™ one sute off vestimentes wythe strakys of velvett 
It" one sute off vestimentes off black lymon clothe brodored with 
blacke sylke 

It™ a single vestimente off blew sylke 

If" a single vestimente off whyte sylke 

It™ a single vestimente off whyte bustia for lente 

It™ a single vestimente off redde sylke wyth flowars 

It™ a single vestimente off whyte busfcian 

It™ a single vestimente off whyte sylke y° albe lackynge 

It™ one fruntlet for y" altor off blew sylke with levis of gold 

It™ vj coopis off whyte sylke 

It™ xi coopis off sylke off dyv''se colors 

It™ one blacke coope off lymon 

It™ one holy water stocke off latyn. 

In the osti'e off the sayde ffreers 

Imprimis ij olde fetherbeddis wyth ij bolsters 

It™ ij olde kev'"lettes & one olde quylte 

It™ ij shyppe chestys 

It™ one cupborde 

It™ one table, ij trestelles & a long settell 

It™ ij candelstyckes off latyn 

It™ one bason & one euar off latin 

It™ one olde longe hutche 

It™ ij old peses of hanginges off redde saye. 

In the buttrey off the said ffreers 

Inp'mis ij olde tableclothes 

It™ one olde salte It™ one ambrye 

It™ one hutche that hathe noo lydde. 

In the convente hall off y^ saide ffreers 

Inp'mis one table & ij trestelles 
It™ one longe forme. 

In the kychyn off the sayde ffreers 

Inp'mis iij brasse pottes, one grett & ij lesser 

It™ one posnett It™ one kettell 

It™ one trevett , It™ ij spyttes & ij cobbardes 

It™ ij pannis It™ one payer of pothookes 

15—2 



228 

It" iiij platers v dysshes iiij sawsars & vj potingei'S of pent' 
It"" one chafiiige dysshe 
It™ one tubbe and one payle 

per me Wylhelmu Mey 

per me Ricbardii W}'lkes 

per me Thomam Smyth. 

From this meagre inventory we must conjecture either that 
the Carmelites were a very poor community, which after an 
existence of 250 years seems hardly possible to this extent, 
or that they had made away with their more valuable effects 
before this date, seeing their destruction resolved upon. 

The following extracts from the college accounts refer to the 
above : — 

III. M. J. 1537-38, fo. 40. Item 7 Augusti [1538] m"^ Wylkes 
et Smythe pro expensis Londini in negotiis Carmelitarum per 
manus m" Burbank v''. 

fo. 41. Item alia vice in expensis magistrorum Wylkes et Smythe 
circa negotia coUegii Londini pro Carmelitis ultra C^ prius 
allocates iij''. 

Item expense Charmelitarum ut patet per syngraphum . . . iijl vij"*. 

1538-39, fo. 51. b. Item 14° Septembris duobus fratribus pro 
solutione summe quam magister noster illis concessit presents 
vicepresidente xij^ 

fo. 52. Item matrone coquisse Carmelitariim pro stipendio huius 
trimestris ij". iiij**. 

Item D. Pargatto [famulo magistri] pro exscriptione resignatio- 
nis fratrum, inventorio, atque memoriale d°® Engelsthorp, 
proque pelle membranea ; . . . xxij**. 

fo. 52. b. Item [Oct.] pro facultatibus fratrum Carmelitarum 
m" Barnardo Sandiforth v°. 

The Carmelite friars once gone, the college did not wait 
long before they began to pull the house to pieces, as the fol- 
lowing extracts from the bursars' accounts shew. 

III. M. J. 1538-39, fo. 51. b. Item [end of Sept.] Kingo et 
Geor. Cagell pro dejectione fenestrarum vitrearum apud 
Carmelitas viij"*. 



229 

fo. 52. b. Item [Jan. 1538-9] G°. Carter et Georgio Cagell in deji- 
ciendis fenestris vitreis et tollendo ferrum apud Carmelitas et 
conferendo res alias ad thesaurarium iiij'. 

(There are many other notices of workmen at the Friary). 

fo. 56. Item pro ij li. ferri et sera pensili ad conchidendas j annas 
majores fratrum "v^iij^- 

1539-40, fo. 62. b. Item IP Martii Grene et Kinge deferentibus 
scalam magnam a fratribus ex j ussu presidis i^. 

fo. 63. b. Item (10 Apr.) Dowseo operanti dimidio die sartiendo 
magnam januam fratrum dejectam vento in sep. Pasche ...'vj''. 

1540-41, fo. 73. b. Item (23 Sept.) Nicholao Ott pro nova sera 
et clavi ad ostium vestiarii apud Carmelitas, ubi reponuntur 
materies que erant in coro vj*. 

Item 26° Septembris Joan. Dowseo cum 2 suis famulis quinque 
dies demolienlibus res illas que erant in coro apud Carme- 
litas vj^ viij^ 

fo. 74. Item 5° Octobris Kyngo et Andree Younge...ad portan- 
tibus domum vitrum et ferrum dejectum apud Carme- 
litas xvj'^. 

fo. 74. b. Item 13° die (Nov.) Dowseo cum duobus famulis deji- 
cientibus asseres et alias matei-ies que erant in dormitorio 
Carmelitarum quatriduo iiij**. 

fo. 76. b. Item Richardo Strong cum famulo...purgantibus et 
parantibus tegulas veteres apud Carmelitas pro rolborne... x^ 

fo. 80. b. Item Johanni Frost cum aliis demetentibus urticas 
apud Carmelitas "^'iij**- 

1544-45, 12 Apr. Men working at the chapel and storehouse of 
the Carmelites. 

fo. 116. b. Building a wall 'in fratribus' surrounding the master's 
garden. 

fo. 117. b. Item...accepit Andreas Bannock mason pro opere vj 
dierum in fratribus circa gradus qui descendunt a cubiculo 
magistri in hortum ejusdem vj^ 

fo. 118. b. Item (end of July) Willelmo Wallys pro conductione 
cymbe sue ad extruendum le scafFolde in aquis ad edificandum 
parietem occidentem versus in fratribus v**. 

(This wall was soon afterwards finished). 



230 

1545-46. A wall built 'in fratribus' opposite St Catherine's Hall. 

1548-49, fo. 164. b. Demolition of walls. 

fo. 165. Item (13° Januarii) J. Erost et T. Barber... demolienti- 

bus campanile in Carmelitis v^ 

Demolition of 'le butteris ultra mnrixm' (buttresses). 

fo. 166. (March). The 'fundamenta columnarum templi' dug up. 

fo. 168. (May). A wall built between King's college and the 

Carmelites. 

On 28 Nov. 83 Hen. VIII. 1541 William Legh, esq. and 
Thomas Myldemay, the king's officers of the revenues of the 
augmentation of his crown in the counties of Cambridge and 
Huntingdon, sold to Dr Mey master of Queens' college for £20 
all the stone, slate, tile, timber, iron and glass, of the late 
house of the Carmelites. 



The grant is as follows : — 

Memorandum that we William Legh esquyer and Thomas Myl 

demaye the Kings officers of the revenues of the augmentacons of his 

crowne w*in the counties of Camebrige and Hunt, have barganed 

and sold and by these p''sentes do bargayne and sell to William Maye 

doctor of the lawe and master of the Quenes college w*in the univ''site 

of Camebrige for the some of xx" poundis sterlinge to be payed to 

the Kinges use at the ffeaste of Saint Michell tharchungell next 

comynge after the date of this p''sent. bill, all the stone, slate, tyle 

tymber yorne and glasse of the late howse of the white ffriers w*in 

the sayd univ''site of Camebrige as the same nowe at this p'^sens 

standithe and remaynyth. In witnes wherof we the sayd officers to 

this p''sent bill have putte to o' scale the xxviij'*^ day of November 

in the xxxiij"^ yere of the reigne of o"" sov''aigne Lord Kinge Henry 

the viij*. 

fWillelmum Legh Res 
per nos i _ * . 

(Thoma Mildemaie 

In the Forinseca Recepta of 1540-1 and following years 
(Misc. B. fo. 39 ff.), we find the account of the diiferent sums of 
money received by the college for the old building materials 
of the Friary. They amounted to more than £60, which 
afforded the college a reasonable profit on the £20 that they 



\ 



231 

had paid the king. Some of the items are here given : from 
them we learn, that there were a church and cloister, chapter 
house and bell tower, hall, dormitory and kitchen. 

For. Eec. 1 540-41, fo. 39. b. Item (c. 2. Jan.) a m.'" Meeres et 
[Ric] Nox pro ferro et vitro in edibus preter magnam fenes- 
tram orientalem. (30s.) 

Item 5 Januarii a m" Chapman pro pavimento graduum in 
choro xij^ 

Item eodem die a Tunstallo pro parva ede a capitulari campanile 
versus (23s. 4c?.) 

Item m™ Cooke... Januarii pro dormitorio culina et cenaculo 

(16" et angeletus.) 

Item 14° Januarii a m" IIynde...pro nave ecclesie (£12.) 

1541-42, fo. 40, pro edificiis venditis ex domo Carmelitarum 

ix". xj". i^ ob. 

1543-44, fo. 41. Item solut. per manus m" Stokes pro edibus 
Carmeli t. m'° Alynton venditis x". 

Item pro particula orient, claustri vendit. m" Gill ..xl'. 

Item a m™ Stokes pro rebus venditis apud Carmelitas primo 
Decembris iij". xv'. 

Item (xv°) die Januarii recepi a m™ Leete pro boriali parte claustri 
nuper fratrum Carmelitai'um . . . , Ix'. 

III. M. J. 1545-46, fo. 138. b. (March or April). Item pro ccena 
magistrorum Perne et Hutton, quo tempore missi sunt Ma- 
dingley petitum pecunias a m™ Hynde quas debet pro- lapidi- 
bus in fratribus venditis viij''. 

(Sir John Hynde, justice of the common pleas, built 
Madingley hall. Cooper, Atk i. 100 ; Lysons, Camhr. 232.) 

On 1 April 33 Hen. VIIL 1.542 the king leased the site of 
the Carmelite friary to William Mey, clerk, from 21 years from 
Michaelmas, 1541, for 13^. 4c?. per ann., payable half-yearly, 
excepting that part of it which had been granted to the provost 
and fellows of King's college. 

On 26 Nov. 34 Hen. VIII. 1542 William Legh gave a 
receipt to Dr Mey (described as chancellor to the bishop of Ely) 
for £20. 13s. 4d, £20 being the price of the old materials, and 



232 

13s. 4<d. the rent for one year of the site of the Carmelites' house 
and garden. 

III. M. J. 1541-42, fo. 91. Item 22" Martii expensse fact^ circa 
acqiiisitionem firmse totiiis situs domicilii fratrum Cai'meli- 
ta,rum collegio adjacentis x". 

fo. 93. b. Item xxvj Novembris [1542] redditus domino Regi 
pro horto et situ domus Carmelitarum xiij^ iiij^ 

1544-45, fo. 126. Item allocavi magistro, tit patet per billam 
2° Junii, pro reditu White Fryers soluto receptori Curse Aug- 
mentationis d°' regis vjl viij''. 

On 12 Sept. 36 Hen. VIII. 1544 the king did by his letters 
patent grant, among other things, the site of the Carmelites' 
house to John Ejre, of Bury, esquire, (For John Eyre see 9th 
and 10th reports of the deputy keeper of the Public Records.) 

On 8 ]^ov. of the same year John Eyre sold to Dr William 
Mey clerk LL.D. all the site of the Carmelite friary, to be held 
in free soccage of the king and not in capite, and appointed 
Dr Thomas Smith his attorney, to give possession of the said 
land. 

III. M. J. 1543-44, fo. 110*. b. Item misi Londinum ad magis- 
trum pro terra e region e eoUegii nuper Carmelitarum . . . xxxvj''. 

On 30 Nov. of the same year (1544) William Mey of Cam- 
bridge, doctor of laws, did (for a certain sum received of the 
president and fellows of Queens' college) grant to them the site 
of the Carmelites or White friars in Cambridge, which he lately 
bought of John Eyre, of Bury, esq., with the intent (as he adds 
in a memorandum of 10 Dec. on the back of the deed) that the 
site which he had purchased with the college money of master 
Eyre should be made sure unto the said college. 

III. M. J. 1544-45, fo. 121. b. Item (4 Dec.) accepit Marke 
Broghton pro scriptioue le dedes de fratribus iij^ 

1546-47, fo. 148. b. Item Willelmo Harryson shryffe pro copia 
cujusdam brevis quod vocatur 'Distringo,' quod non cer- 
tiores fecimus eos qui suut in scaccario quando emimus 
terras Carmelitarum ij'. 



233 

The following documents, referring to the Carmelites, are 
among the deeds of King's college : — 

25 Nov. 25 H.^ 8 1533. Lease from the Prior and Convent of the 
White Friars to W. Dussing D.C.L. (fellow of King's) of a garden 
■with a house thereon, built on the N. side of the Cliurch of the said 
Friars for 12 years from Michl then last. 

10 July 27 H. 8 1535. Grant from the Prioress and Convent 
of Swaffham Bulbeck to the Provost and Scholars of King's College 
of a piece of gro;.nd the house of the Carmelite Friars in Cambridge 
and a rent of 5s. 4:d. issuing thereout. 

18 Feb. 27 H. 8 1535-6. Bond from John Erlich and Edw. 
Haynes to the Prior and Convent of the Carmelite Friars to build 
their wall from Mill Street to the river, by the garden purchased of 
the said Friars. 

6 Sept. 37 [1 27] H. 8 {1 1536). Feofiment from John Erlich, 
M.A. to Rich. Lyne, Hy. Byssell and Roger Dalyson Masters of Arts 
(fellows of King's) of a parcel of ground purchased of the Carmelite 
Friars. 

— H. 8. Petition to the King to grant letters Patent to John 
Erlich & Edw. Heynes. 

30 June 5 E. 6 1551. Receipt from Thos. Yale, Bursar of 
Q. C. to the Viceprovost and Bursar of King's College for £26. 6s. 8c?. 
in full contentation of an agreement made between the master of 
Queens' College and M"". John Cheek, Esquyer, Provost of King's Col- 
lege, concerning a piece of ground late the garden of the Carmelite 
Friars. 

[For. Rec. (Misc. B.) fo. 45. Recepta pro anno m". Yale (1550-51). 
Itera ultimo die Junii recepit de collegio Regis pro muro 
edificando , xxvj". vj^ viij^] 

In the library of Queens' college on the north side are five 
windows, the glass of which seems to have come from some part 
of the Carmelite convent. They are each of two lights, and 
are glazed with quarries of various patterns, while in the upper 
part of each light is inserted the head of a Carmelite friar. A 
narrow border of red and blu€ glass runs round each light. 
There are fragments of inscriptions inserted in the border. 



When the house of the Black friars within Ludgate was sur- 
rendered into the king's hands 12 Nov. 30 Hen. VIII. 1538, the 



234 

payment of £13. 6s. 8d. due to that convent under lady Joan 
Ingaldstliorp's composition, became due to tlie king and was 
sought to be redeemed by the college in 1542 : 

III. M. J. 1541-2, fo. 90. Item primo Junii viceprsesidi eunti 
Londinum ad numerandum pecuniam debitam fratribus aut pro 
impetranda remissione solutionis ejiisdem pecunise ... liiij^ x*^. 

fo. 91. Item expenses factse per M. doct. Smyth circa acquisi- 
tionem pensionis olim debitse fratribus Dominicalibus London. 
20 Januarii iiij". vij'. viij*. 

fo. 93. b. Item x° Augusti D. Smyth persolventi arreragia 
pensionis debitse fratribus Dnicalibus Londini xxx'\ 

(The sum is erased, and the following note written in the 
margin, ' Vacat hie, quia in titulo cans' collegii.') 

The pension continued to be paid to the Crown for many 
subsequent years : 

III. M. J. 1553-54, fo. 222. b. Dominse reginse pro reditu 
Le fratrum , xiij'\ vi". viij'*. 

1558-9, Dec. fo. 258. b. Domine reginse pro reditu le fratrum 
quat. ann liij^ vj'. viij^ 

In September 1542 the university was assessed at £24, to 
provide ten soldiers to go with the duke of Norfolk, the high 
steward, into Scotland. King's college was assessed at £4, 
St John's at £3, Christ's and Queens' at £2. 6s. 8d., and the 
other colleges at smaller sums. 

M. J. 1541-2, fo. 91. Item 6 Septembris m™ Meerys preconi 
pro expensis militum comitantium ducem Norfolcise adversus 
Scotos xlvj^ viij*. 

The duke entered Scotland on 21 Oct. with 20,000 men; 
but as the lateness of the season forbad any long campaign, he 
contented himself with destroying the fruits of the harvest then 
just gathered in, and devastating the Border for 15 miles from 
the Tweed for nine days. The Scotch nobles refused to risk 
a battle, and when the Englislf army retired to Berwick, they 
too returned to their own homes. The greater part of the 
English troops were soon disbanded. (Fronde, Hist, of Eng- 
land, iv. 185, 186.) 

In the session of Parliament, which began 14 Jan. 1543-4, 



235 

an act was passed for paving Cambridge, ordering the street 
before every house to be paved by the owner of the house. 
Accordingly, the college paved all the roads running round the 
college and in front of their almshouses in Smallbridges-street, 
now Silver street. The accounts of this work we find in 
III. M.J. 154.S-44, fo. 107-8. Part of the paving-stones came 
from the old Carmelite friary. The total expense was about 
£18. (Cooper, Ann. i. 409 ff.) 

Dr Thomas Smith fellow of Queens' college was vice-chan- 
cellor in the year 1543-44, and during his term of office on 
11 May 1544 a statute was made by the university for 
the due registration or matriculation of its members. (Cooper, 
Ann. i. 413-5.) It is from this year only that we possess any 

i approach to a list of the students of the college, as before that 
time all that is known is the names of the presidents and fellows, 
of some of the bible-clerks, and of a few graduate members, 

! the amount of whose college bills has now and then been 

I entered as received by the bursar, • 

In 1544 the goods of the college were inventoried. (Misc. 
A. fo. 43 ff.) 

The duke of Norfolk having been appointed to command 
the vanguard of the army intended to act in France, wrote to 
the university on Shrove Tuesday 25 Feb. 1543-4 to know 
how many archers on foot and how many bill-men they could 
furnish to serve the king. (Cooper, A7in. i. 412.) In the college 
accounts we find : — 

III. M. J, 1543-44, fo. 110. Item m™ Mere pro militibus Aca- 
demise xxij^ 

In the campaign of the summer of 1544 Boulogne was 
taken by the English, 14 Sept. 

On 4 May 1544 an English army of 10,000 men, under the 
earl of Hertford, landed at Leith, and the next day, strengthened 
by 4000 horse under lord Evers, took Edinburgh. They soon 
i returned into England, and thence the main part were transported 
J to Calais; but a considerable body of men, under lords Evers 
\ and Wharton, remained on the border, and burnt and ravaged 
' and plundered the Scottish territory through the summer and 
i autumn. (Froude, iv. 321 ff. Cooper, Ann. L 413.) 



236 

III. M. J. 1544-45. fo. 121. Item xxv° Septembris (1544) pro viuo 
quod habuimus quando ubique struebantur ignes pro rebus 
feliciter gestis in Scotia viij*. 

Item eodem tempore pro caseo cerevisia et zitbo vj*. 

To meet the great expense of the war in Scotland and 
France, the privj council decided in Jan. 1544-5 that, instead 
of a war-tax, a benevolence should be levied exclusively from 
the richer classes. The college contributed £18. 

III. M. J. 1544-45, fo. 123. b. Item 4 Marcii solvi m'° Meyres 
bedello pro sumptibus d°' vicecancellarii pro rata nostra , 
portione, qunm profectus est Londinum pro benevolent] a quam 
solverunt collegia regi iij\ viij^ 

fo. 126. Item pro benevolentia qitam solvit collegium Regise 
majestati xviij''. 

In Feb. 1545-6, the report of the income and expenditure of 
the colleges was laid before the king by the three commis- 
sioners, Dr Parker, Dr Redman, and Dr Mey. 

The whole is printed in ' Documents relating to the Univer- 
sity and Colleges of Cambridge ' (published by direction of the ' 
University commission, 3 Vols. 8vo, 1852), Vol. i. pp. 105-292; [ 
the part relating to Queens' college is on pp. 212-226. 

The total income of the college is given as £272. 25. 7ld. 
The president's stipend was £3. 6s. 8d. : he had besides for his >' 
commons £3. 16s. 8d. and was allowed £6 for his three horses. . 
The 17 fellows in priests' orders received £6. 13s. 4<d., the fel- j 
lows not priests £3. 18s., while the scholars or bible clerks liad ll 
each £2. 12s. The total expenditure of the college is repre- 
sented as £273. 4s. *7d. exceeding the receipts by £1. Is. life/, '.i 
As this excess of expenditure over income was found to be the i 
case with all the colleges except St Mary Magdalene, the King j 
asked the commissioners the reason, and they answered ' that ' 
it rose partly of fynes for leases and indentures of the fermours 
renewing their lessys, partly of wood salys.' At Peterhouse 
the excess was nearly £50, the income being £138 ; in no case 
were the accounts so nicely balanced as at Queens' and Michael- 
house. 

On 19 Dec. 1546, king Henry VIII. united King's hall, 



237 

Michael house, and Physwick hostel into one college: in the 
college accounts we find the following notices of the erection of 
the new buildings : — 

III. M. J. 1546-7, fo. 148. b. Item 7° ApriH dedi m" Cooke 

pro ejus consilio quando Jacobus regis famulus cupiebat 

succiudere nostras arbores apud Bump.stede pro structura novi 

collegii Trinitatis xx**. 

Item 13 Mali pro vino pro Jacobo regis famulo turn in cubiculo 

prsesidis turn in aula "^iij**' 

Item 16° Maji pro expensis meis et m" presidis cum vendidimus 

Ix arbores apud Bumpstede pro xj" "viij"- ^^^ 

Forinseca Recepta 1547, fo. 42. It. a Willelmo Pettet pro 

lignis venditis collegio Trinitatis vj". xiij\ iiij'*. 

1 5 49, fo. 43. b. It. 20 Oct. a Pettet de Hadstoc in plenam solutionem 

undecim librarum pro 63 quercis apud Bumsted...xxxviij'. iiij^ 



Henry VIII. died 28 Jan. 1546-7, and was succeeded by 
his son, Edward YI. 

On 13 June 1547 Mr Yale, one of the fellows, took up the 
charter of confirmation of 25 Nov. 2 Hen. VIII. 1510, to be 
confirmed by the new king. The confirmation, which recites 
that earlier deed, is dated 7 May 3 Edw, VI. 1549. The ex- 
penses attending this confirmation were £5. 14^. 

III. M. J. 1546-7, fo. 148. b. Item 13° Junii m™ Yale quando 
deferebat Londinum diploma nostrum ut confii'maretur a 

regia majestate xx^ 

1548-49, fo. 173. b. Item 16 Maii m''° nostro pro expensis factis in 
confirmatione chartarum collegii, ut patet per billam. . . v". xiiij^ 

The charter is as follows : — 

EDWARDUS SEXTUS DEI GRATIA Anglie Francie et 
Hibernie rex Fidei defensor et in terra Ecclesie Anglicane et hibernice 
supremum caput. 

Inspeximus litteras patentes domini H. nuper regis Anglie Octavi 
patris nostri precarissimi de confirmatione factas in bee verba : 
(Charter of 25 Nov. 2 Hen. YIII. 1510.) 

NOS AUTEM literas predictas ac omnia et singula in eisdem 
contenta rata habentes et grata, ea pro nobis et heredibus nostris 
quantum in nobis est acceptamus et approbamvis • ac dilectis nobis in 



238 

Christo Willelmo Maye nunc president! et sociis dicti coUegii et 
successoribus suis ratificanius et confirmamus pront litere predicte 
rationabiliter testantur. 

In cuius rei testimonium has literas nostras fieri fecimus patentes. 
Teste me ipso apud Westmonasterium septimo die Maii Anno regni 
nostri tertio. 

Wa. Southwell, 
pro triginta solidis solutis in laanaperio. 

It bears the great seal of England. 

On 12 Nov. 1548 the king appointed bishops Goodrich of 
Ely and Eidley of London, sir William Paget, K, G. comptroller 
of his household, sir Thomas Smith, formerly fellow of Queens' 
college, one of his principal secretaries of state, sir John Cheke, 
his tutor, Dr William Mey, master of the requests and dean of 
St Paul's, and Dr Thomas Wendye, his physician, commissioners 
for visiting the university with power to amend and alter the 
statutes of the colleges. The visitation began on 6 May 1549 
and ended 4 July. Queens' college was visited on 20 May, and 
the old statutes of 1529 were revised. In the account of the 
visitation in Dr Lamb's collection of documents (p. Ill), we find 
it stated, ' on the Munday which was the xx'** day thei sate 
at the Queues college and made an ende and supped ther.' 

The notices referring to this visitation in the college accounts 
are as follows : — 

III. M. J. 1548-49, fo. 173. b. Item 5 Maii m" Gascoyn pro 
membrana et scriptione omnium eorum qui sunt in coUegio 
ut ostenderetur commissionariis regiis ut patet per billam 
ejus xvj*. 

Item pro cena commissariorum ut patet per billam .,. iiij". xij". j*. 

Item m"" Rogers in regia visitatione xxiij°. iiij*". 

(Part of a sum of 20 marks that the visitors ordered to be 
given to the registrary by the university. Cooper, Ann. ii. 32.) 

1549-50, fo. 188. b. Item Weldysshe pro scriptura statuto- 
rum ij'. viij^ 

1551-52, fo. 207. Item D. Perne pro scriptione statutorum 
coUegii x'. 

On 2 May 2 Edw. VI. 1548 the hostel of St Nicholas, in 



239 

the parish of St Andrew without Barnwell gates, was sold for 
£40 to John Mere. 

Among the divines who assisted in the compilation of the 
'Order of the Communion' of 1548, and the first Prayer book 
of Edward VI. (1549), we find besides Dr Mey, the president, 
two members of Queens' college, viz. Dr Simon Heynes, the 
late president, now dean of Exeter, and Dr John Taylor, for- 
merly fellow of Queens' and (since 1538) master of St John's 
college, and afterwards bishop of Lincoln. 

The commissioners who brought out the second Prayer book 
of Edward VI. (1552) seem not to be known. 




DWAED VI. died 6 July, 1553. The lady Mary was on 
her way from Hunsdon Hertfordshire to London, to at- 
tend her dying brother, but hearing of his death and the 
proclamation of lady Jane Grey, she turned back and went first 
to Sawston Cambridgeshire, and then to Kenninghall Norfolk, 
where the nobility and gentry of the eastern counties gathered 
themselves round her. The opposition which the council at first 
intended to make to Mary's accession soon seemed hopeless, and 
they accordingly yielded, and she was proclaimed queen at 
London on 19 July, and at Cambridge the day after. 

The queen reached London 3 Aug., and immediately re- 
leased Stephen Gardiner bishop of Winchester, and Thomas 
duke of Norfolk, who soon afterwards resumed their old offices 
in the university, the former as chancellor, the latter as high 
steward. On 13 Aug. the university sent Gardiner a letter of 
congratulation, in which they deeply deplored the proceedings 
of the last reign, and begged him to undo all that had been 
done by the reforming party. The answer was not long in 
coming. On 20 Aug. the queen sent a letter to the chancellor 
and the heads of houses, directing them to restore the ancient 
statutes both of the university and the colleges. 

The chancellor, unable himself to go to Cambridge, deputed 
his chaplain Thomas Watson (afterwards bishop of Lincoln) to 
act on his behalf. Accordingly, Mr Watson visited Queens' 
college about 28 Aug. The records of this visitation do not 



240 

seem to exist; but about 80 Aug. Mr J. Stokes, the vice- 
president, and Mr Bernard, were sent bj the society to the 
president to inquire about the old statutes of 1529. 

III. M. J. 1552-53, fo. 216. Item [c. 28 Aug.] in vino zitho et 
aliis rebus quando ra"" Watson cum assessoribus suis visitabat 
collegium pro sum.mo nostro cancellario xiij*^. 

Item [c. 30 Aug.] in expensis magistrorum Stokes propresidis 
et Bernard equitantium ad magistrum quando a sociis 
mittebantur ad perquirenda antiqua statuta collegii ut 
patet , xxviij'. iij^ 

Dr Mej was then at London, as on 27 Aug. be (together 
with archbishop Cranmer and sir Thomas Smith) was brought 
before the queen's commissioners in the consistory of St Paul's. 
(Strype, Life of Cranmer, B. iii. ch. I, Life of sir Th. Sviith, 
ch, vi.) It is of tbe result of this interview probably that 
bisliop Bonner wrote on 6 Sept., the day after his restoration to 
his bishopric, whence he had been expelled in the previous 
reign, ' This day is looked that Mr Canterbury must be placed 
where is meet for him; he is become very humble and ready to 
submit himself in all things, but that will not serve; in the 
same predicament is Dr Smith my friend and the dean of St 
Pauls [Dr Mey] with others.' (Burnet, Hist. Ref. Part ii. B, ii. 
Eecords, No. 7.) 

The public use of the Latin mass was restored very soon 
after Mary's accession, and altars were set up again ' faster than 
ever they were put down.' By 1 Sept. ' all the altares at Poules 
are up and all the oulde service sayd in Latin and almoste 
throughoute London the same.' And a letter of 8 Sept. says, 
' Heare is no newese but candelsticks, books, bells, censores, 
crosses and pixes... The high aulter in Poules church is up 
again elevated 5 or 6 steps above the nayve; but for makinge 
haste the worke fell. I hope it wllbe a token of some ill chaunce 
to come again, which God send quickly.' (MS. Harl. 853, fo. 
143, Fox, ed. Townsend, vi. 767.) 

In Cambridge the mass was celebrated again in September, 
and till 20 Dec. the old and new service-books were used by 
different clergymen according to their several tendencies; but 



241 

from that date such divine service, as was commonly used in the 
last year of Henry VIII., and none other, was (by 1 Marian, 
Stat. 2, c. 3, which repealed nearly all the reforming statutes of 
Edward VI.) to be used. 

Towards the end of 1553 Dr Mey vacated the presidentship, 
but whether he did so voluntarily, or whether (like Dr Ayns- 
worth of Peterhouse) he was deprived by the chancellor for 
being married, does not appear. 

His deanery was not filled up till 10 March, 1553-4, when 
John de Feckenham was appointed dean. On his removal (Nov. 
1556) to be abbot of Westminster, he was succeeded by Dr 
Henry Cole, who was elected 11 December. 




HE college account books furnish us with the following- 
items belonging to this presidentship: — 

III. M. J. 1537-38, fo. 37. b. Item 20 Octobris (1537) famulo regis 
pro niunere nuncianti principis Edwardi natalem diem. . .iij^ iv''. 

(Edward was born 12 Oct. and baptized 15 Oct. 1537.) 

fo. 38. b. [c. End of March]. Item (m™ presidi) cum expectaret 

D. Heynes Londini xii"*, 

1539-40, fo. 61. b. Item (17 Dec.) Koberto Lymosyn pro solario 

quod appenditur turri et coloribus albi rubri et seruginis per 

manus M. Smyth vij'. ix^ 

fo. 63. b. Item 17. die (Aprilis) m™ Smythe pro pictoi-e pingenti 

omnia solaria et pro coloribus et ejus labore xuijl i"". 

Item 21 Aprilis Geoi-geo Ray pro ferramento lato affixo solario 

per sacellum per manus m" Smythe xviij''. 

Thomas Smith was elected fellow of Queens' college on 
25 Jan. 1529-30, and soon became one of the leaders of the 
revival of learning in the university. In 1533, in which 
year he commenced M.A,, he was appointed by the univer- 
sity to read the Greek lecture; in 1538 he was chosen public 
orator, and in 1540 appointed the first regius professor of 
civil law. 'His oratory and learning intermixed was so 
admirable, and beyond the common strain, that Queens' 
college carried away the glory for eloquence from all the 
colleges besides and was rendered so famous by this her 

IG 



242 

scholar, that it had like to have changed her name from 
Queens' to Smith's college. 

tJnius eloquio sic jam Reginea tecta 
Florebant, quasi quae vellent Smithea vocari. 
Sic reliquos inter socios caput extulit unus. 

As Gabriel Harvej, Smith's townsman, and one who 
knew him well, writes upon his death.' (Strype, Life^ ch.ii.) 

fo. 67. b. Item 18 Februarii Thome Whytchurche pro 12 talpis 

captis in pomario xij'*. 

(There are several other similar payments, 35 moles alto- 
gether being caught.) 

fo. 69. b. Item 21 die (Oct.) pro prandio et cena magistri 
nostri et magistri presidentis et thesaurarii atque aliorum 
tempore curiarum v^ iij'^. 

1540-4:1, fo. 80. Item 7° die (Maji) vicecancellario pro literis 
illis conficiendis quas vocant Wrytts, quibus liberarentur a 
solutione subsidii firmarii et collegium vj'. viij'^. 

1541-42, fo. 90. Item 9° Maji m™ Meerys preconi pro ejus ex- 
pensis qui ibat Londinum pro multa et quindena remittenda 
collegiis x'^. 

fo. 90. b. Item xv° Junii Laurentio Charlys pro pane equino 
duobus temporibus presenti episcopo (sc. Eliensi) ij^ 

1544-45, fo. 121. Item 6 Februarii solvi m™ Hathwaye pro 
itinere suo Londinium secunda vice pro sacerdotio nostro ut 
patet per billara suam xviijl viij*. ob. 

Item pro cirpis in cubiculo magistri quando venerat hue episco- 
pus Eliensis iiij'*. 

Item Nicholao Pylgrym pro statutis quibusdam domini regis quae 
tradidit doctori Glynn tunc temporis presidi xviij^ 

fo. 124. b. Item 18 Junii Roberto Joyner pro adjunctione le 
presse in turre in quo reconduntur nostra scripta et rotule viij'*. 

fo. 125. Item (4° Julii) solvi presidi preter summam quam col- 
legit a sociis ut daretur mimis regine xviij*. 

1545-46, fo. 130 (Oct.). Item mulieri verrenti et purganti 
promptuarium in adventum m" cancellarii et magistrorum 
Legh et Pope iij''. 

Item Richardo Ashe pictori pingenti postes in conclavi rubro 
colore. . , xiiij**. 



243 

Item Richardo Wood fabricanti li wanescot in conclavi juxta 
pactum suum x^ 

fo. 138 b. (March). Item solvi m™ Meeres bedello pro expensis 
m" D. Smyth et Home missorum Londinum in negotiis aca- 
demise x'- ij*- 

1546-47, fo. 147. Item 8 Novembris pro pacto quod contraxi 
cum Roberto Rowell pro horto magistri ornando et impor- 
tando fimum equinum jubente D. Smyth preside ... ix\ viij''. 

Item x". Januarii pro araerciamento quod non purgabantur platefe 
semel in hebdomada juxta decretum vicecancellarii viij**. 

fo. 148. Item solvi Johanni Chase pro le canvas ad tegendum le sal- 
letts quando m^'Perne erat procurator jussuD. Smith vij^ iiij'^. 

fo. 148. b. Item (Apr.) dedi m™ presidi ut emeret munus ali- 
quod quod efferret nomine collegii m™ Pagett quando fuit 
hie Cantabrigie xx'. 

fo. 149. b. Item pro meis expensis et m" presidis quando equita- 
vimus apnd Saynt Nedes ad auditores regis in collegii nego- 
tiis xij'^. 

1547-48. fo. 152. b. Item 30 Novembri Willelmo Kelly pictori 
pro horologio in horto magistri nostri xx**. 

fo. 157. Item 22 Septembris pro vino et zitho pro victoria habita 
in Scotlande apud le bone fyre viij"^. 

(The battle of Pinkie was fought 10 Sept.) 

Item 13° Octobris pro caseo et duplici birria quum officiarii elige- 

bantur ij**. 

fo. 157. b. Item solvi pro le sukket, marmaled, caraweys et pro 

vino, quando episcopus Eliensis hue veniebat 3° Decembris, ut 

patet per billam m" presidis iiij". iiij**. 

fo. 159. Item (29 Aug.) pro vino et piris pro episcopo Eli- 

ensi xxij*. 

1548-49. fo. 173. Item domino Matravers in vino pomis et 

suket jussu presidis iij°. ix**. 

Item 9 Aprilis famulo D. Perker pro allatione pecuniae Londino 

post mutationem solidorum jussu presidis viij**. 

1549-50, fo. 189. Item 15 Aprilis expensa apud le bonefyare pro 

pace ut patet, &c , "vj^ 

(Peace with France was signed in March.) 
Item (24 Maji) fabro erario pro refectione picise argentese...ij'. iiij'^. 

16—2 



244 

1550-51. fo. 197. Isto die (videlicet duodecimo die mensis Julii) 
niutatus fait valor numismatis, unde peto miM allocari iij'^. 
in quolibet sheling in expensis seqiientibns prout sequuntur... 

fo. 108. b. Isto die (viz. 17° die mensis Angusti 1551) secundo 
mutatus fuit valor numismatis, tinde peto mihi allocari in quo- 
libet sheling vi**, pro rata mutationis. 

(The base testoons of Edward VI. were on these two 
dates cried down respectively to 9c?. and 6d. Froude, v. 
348-350.) 

1552-53. fo. 215 b. Item 10° (Julii) in fceno stramine et pane 
equino pro equis comitis Huntingdonie, quum hie diversaba- 
tur in itinere ad Mariam reginam in Northfolk jussu magistri 
Stokys propresidis v^ viij**. 

fo. 216. Item quando Dr Thomas Smyth, eques auratus quon- 
dam socius hujus collegii, in oppidum venit solutum pro pran- 
dio (Aug. 27 or 28.) ij^ vi^ 




24c 



5 Dec. 1553— c. Oct. 1557. 

1 Marife— 4 et 5 Ph. et Mar. 




r^ '^.^" ill-- A^ 




T has been already stated, that on 
the revival of the old forms and 
doctrines of religion the presi- 
dentship of Queens' college be- 
came vacant: the post was soon 
filled up by the election of Dr 
William Glynn, 

He was the son of John Glynn 
of Glynn in the commot of Mal- 
traeth in Heneglwys Anglesey 
(who is said to have been rector 
of Heneglwys), by Joannet daugh- 
ter of Meredith ap Gwilim, and was born about the year 1504, 
according to the date on his monument in Bangor cathedral. 
In Fox's Acts and Monuments (ed. Town send), vi. 212, he is 
described as being of the age of 41 years in 1551: however, the 
ages of other persons examined at that time concerning Stephen 
Gardiner bishop of Winchester, as given by Fox, differ much 
from the dates received in Cooper's Athence Cantahrigienses : 
though in this case the date of his first degree seems to support 
the statement of Fox. He was B.A. 1526-7, M.A. 1530. In 
1530 he was elected fellow of Queens' college, was junior bursar 
in 1532-33, senior bursar in 1533-34, and dean in 1539-40. 



246 

He proceeded B.D. in 1538, and commenced D.D. in 1544, 
about which time he was elected lady Margaret's professor of 
divinitj, vacating his fellowship about May 1544. 

On the foundation of Trinity college, 19 Dec. 1546, he was 
appointed a fellow, and became the first vice-master. Under 
Edward VI. he was inhibited from acting as lady Margaret's 
professor, and in June 1549 resigned this office. In that month 
he took a leading part in the dispute on the Holy Eucharist, 
held at Cambridge before the royal commissioners for the visi- 
tation of the university (Fox, Acts, ed. Townsend, vi. 305-335). 
Though he here took the roman catholic side of the arguments, 
yet he seems to have conformed to the alterations in religion, as 
on 7 March 1549-50, he was, in succession to another fellow of 
Queens' Bernard Sandiforth who resigned, instituted to the 
rectory of St Martin Ludgate London, on the presentation of 
Thomas Thirlby bishop of Westminster (which preferment he 
resigned before 22 May, 1553), and to that of Heneglwys on 
3 Feb. 1551-2. He was also rector of Khoscolyn near Holy- 
head. (Newcourt, Bep., Rowland, Mona antiqua, 374.) 

In 1551 he was chaplain to Dr Thirlby, who was tlien 
bishop of Norwich. 

The date of his election to the presidentship of Queens' 
college is approximately fixed by the following extract from the 
bursar's accounts : — 

III. M. J. 1553-54, fo. 219. b. (Dec. 1553). BiUa expensi facti 
per magistros Bewmont et Yale Londinum proficiscentes ad 
D, Glynne in presidem collegii noviter electum lijl ix*. 

In Dr Walker's MS. copy of the statutes the date of 
Dr Mey's ceasing to be president and Dr Glynn's election, 
is given as 5 December; the date is probably correct, and 
seems to shew that Mey was deprived. It was in December also 
that Dr Parker was constrained to resign the mastership of 
Corpus Christi college. 

Gulielmus Male legum doctor fuit nonus Presidens per annos 14, 
viz. ab anno Dom: 1539 usque ad annum 1553, i. e. ab anno 30° i 
Henr: oct: usque ad primnm Marige et quint: decembris. 



247 



Gulielmus Glyn sacrse theologise professor et Episcopus Bangori- 
ensis fuit decimus presidens per annos tres, viz: ab anuo" Dom: 1553 
et 5° decembr. usque ad annum 1556 et 16 Novemb. i.e. ab anuo 
l""" Marise usque ad 4. ejusdem. (MS. Walker, fo. 93. b. 94.) 

This account was written 7 May 1565. 




E, Glynn was one of tlie six delegates who were sent 
by the university of Cambridge to Oxford to assist at 
the disputation held there 16-20 Apr. 1554 with arch- 
bishop Cranmer and bishops Ridley and Latimer (Fox's Acts 
and Mon. ed. Townsend, vi. 439 ff.). The following grace 
appointing them was passed 7 April 1554, by the senate: — 

Conceditur ut Dominus Procan., Doctores Gljn, Atkynson, Scot, 
Watson et Mr Segiswick vestro nomine Oxoniam proficiscantur ad 
propugnandam veram et catholicam fid em et contrariam doctrinam 
impugnandam, et literse ea de re ad Oxonienses conscriptfe sigillo 
vestro communi consignentur. 

On this visit to Oxford he was incorporated D.D. there. 

Though an old friend of bishop Ridley he is described as 
having behaved very contumeliously towards him. ' After this,' 
says Fox (vi. 491), *Dr Glyn began to reason, who (notwith- 
standing master Ridley had always taken him for his old friend,) 
made a very contumelious preface against him. This preface 
master Ridley therefore took the more to heart, because it pro- 
ceeded from him. Howbeit he thought, that Dr Glyn's mind 
was to serve the turn; for afterwards he came to the house 
wherein master Ridley was kept, and, as far as master Ridley 
could call to remembrance, before Dr Young (the vicechancellor 
of the university of Cambridge) and Dr Oglethorp, he desired 
him to pardon his words. The which master Ridley did even 
from the very heart, and wished earnestly that God would give 
not only to him but unto all others the true and evident know- 
ledge of God's evangelical sincerity, that, all offences put apart, 
they being perfectly and fally reconciled might agree and meet 
together in the house of the heavenly Father.' Glynn's words 
were these: 'I see that you elude or shift away all scriptures 



248 

and fathers : I will go to work with you after another sort :— 
Christ hath here his church known in earth, of which you were 
once a child, though you now speak contumeliously of the 
sacraments.' To this the bishop replied : ' This is a grievous 
contumely, that you call me a shifter-away of the scripture and 
of the doctors. As touching the sacraments I never yet spake 
contumeliously of them...' 

Dr Glynn took no part in the disputations with Cranmer and 
Latimer, and but a very small one in that with Ridley. 

He was chosen vice-chancellor of the university of Cambridge 
for the year 1554-55, but only served part of his term of office, 
being sent in Feb. 1554-5, to Rome with bishop Thirlby of 
Ely, Anthony Browne, viscount Montacute, sir Edward Carne, 
and others, on an embassy to the Pope, to make the queen's 
obedience to his holiness, and to obtain a confirmation of all 
those graces, which cardinal Pole had granted in his name. 
They arrived there 24 May, and returning, reached London 
24 August. The journal of this embassy is printed in Hard- 
wicke, State Papers, i. 62 — 102, (Strype Mem. Vol. iii. (Mary) 
ch. xxviii. p. 227.) 

In the same year he was elected bishop of Bangor, and was 
consecrated 8 Sept. 1555 at London House by Edmund Bon- ^ 
ner bishop of London, Thomas Thirlby bishop of Ely, and , 
Maurice Griffin bishop of Rochester, and received the tempo- 
ralities 25 September. ji 

On 15 Aug. 1557, he assisted at the consecration of bishops i 
David Pole of Peterborough, and Thomas Watson of Lincoln. 
(Strype, Mem. Vol. iii. (Mary), ch. li. p. 390.) 

When he ceased to be president is stated in Dr Walker's 
copy of the statutes to have been 15 Nov. 1556; but this must i!; 
be wrong, as we find him mentioned as president in Dec. of :'; 
tliat year (p. 253). i 

He is also mentioned as bishop and president on 3 Feb. f 
1556-7, in tlie return of the college property of that date. 

No reason is given for his vacating his office, which he did in 
1557 after 1 Sept. and before 1 Dec: his bishopric can hardly 
have been the cause, as we find John Christopherson, master of 
Trinity college, consecrated bishop of Chichester 21 Nov. 1557, 



249 

and yet retaining the mastership, from which he was only dis- 
possessed by the return of his predecessor, Dr W. Bill ; bishop 
Ridley also retained the mastership of Pembroke college, till he 
was deprived in the beginning of queen Mary's reign. 

He is mentioned as bishop but not as president in Oct. 1557i 

III. M. J. 1557-8, fo. 248 b. [Oct.] Imprimis pro itinere Ottes ad 

episcopiim Bangoriensem x?. 

Item ei pro pane equino ij''. 

At this time he was probably in Wales, as he held a diocesan 
synod at Bangor on 4 Nov. 1557. 

Dr Glynn died 21 May 1558, and was buried in his 
cathedral on the north side of the choir in the place where the 
Easter sepulchre used to stand. His tomb has the following 
inscription on a brass plate : 

Gulielmus Glyn natiis in insula Mona, Cantebrig. Doctor Theo- 
logite, episcopus Bangor, Romam vidit, concionator egregius, sua 
lingua valde doctus. Vixit integerrime annos 54. Moritur anno 
1558 et Regni Marise quinti. Duw adigon. 

(Brovv'ne Willis Bangor Cathedral (London, 1721, 8°), p. 30.) 



In Thomce Can VindicicB Antiquitatis Academim Oxoniensis 
published by Th. Hearne, Ox£ 1730, we find (Vol. ii. 
pp. 647 — 650,) the following account of the bishop from the 
pen of his successor bishop Humphreys : — 

Papers m^'iginal MSS. sent hy Bp. Humphreys, then q/* Bangor, to 
M"". A. Wood, now in the hands of the Reverend D'. Kennet, Bp. of 
Peterborough. 

William Glyn the Bishop was the Son of John Glyn, Hector 
of Heneglwys in Anglesey (descended paternally from Eneonap 
Gwalchmay) and of Joanett the daughter of Meredyth ap Gwllim. 
This John Glyn, who himself was the Son of one Sr. Giifiith ap Evan 
ap Tudur a Priest, had a great many children by severall women (of 
which I conceive, John Glyn the Dean of Bangor to be one, tho' I 
am not not certain of it) but he n^oaes many of them in his last WiU 
(which is dated Junii &" 1534.) as Geffrey Glyn (after LL.D. founder 
of the free School at Bangor), David Glyn, Hugh Glyn, Owen Glyn 
(afterwards M.D.) and two Daughters, and makes his Son William 
Glyn then A.M. his Executor and Overseer. 1551. Febr. 3. this 



250 

William Glyn then D,D. was instituted to Heneglwys (liis Father's 
Preferment, but a very mean one, scarce worth 40 lib. per an. at this 
day). We have no more of him in our Register, till his being made 
Bishop. But in Fox Vol. 3. in 1554, you find he was one of them, 
that disputed with Bp. Ridley at Cambridge [at Oxford] and tho he 
was Ridley's old Friend, yet made a contumelious Preface against 
him, which Bp. Ridley took ill, and for which Glyn afterwards 
begg'd pardon. 

After the See of Bangor had continued void near 3. years (from 
Bp. Bulkeley's death) 1555. Sept. 8. William Glyn S.T.P. was con- 
secrated Bishop. Upon his first coming to Bangor, he held there a 
Diocesan Synod or Convocation, which began on Munday next after 
Trinity Sunday 1556. and wherein after a Solemn Procession, and 
the Masse of the Holy Ghost, he preached, and then ordered the 
Decrees and Canons of the last Provinciall and Legatine Synod to 
be read, and admonished the Clergy to obey them. I suppose, these 
were Cardinal Pool's Decrees and Canons which passt in the Convo- 
cation that began Nov. 2. 1555. and are inserted in the 14*. Yol. of 
the Councils (Edit. Labbe) Fol. 1733. Then was read the Pope's 
Bull of plenary Indulgence, and a Mandate from the Bishop of 
London (Bonner) to observe the Contents. After this, and Con- 
ference with the Clergy about severall matters relating to the public 
State of the Diocese : It was unanimously decreed, there should be 
two Diocesan Synods at Bangor every year ; one the next Court day 
post Festum Omnium Sanctorum; the other next Court day after 
Dominicam in Alhis, at which all the Clergy in the Diocese were to 
be present, to appear in their Surplices for Procession, and to bring 
their Boxes, to have consecrated Oyle for the Chrisme. And lastly 
the Clergy presented the Bishop with a Benevolence of 100. Marks, 
according to the antient and laudable custome of the said Diocese, 
upon the coming of a new Bishop. 

At the next Diocesan Synod, held at Bangor Nov. 4. the same 
year, he ordered the aforesaid Decrees of the Legatine Synod to be 
read again, and strictly admonished the Clergy to observe them, 
under the Penalties therein contained. 

At another Diocesan Synod a% Bangor Nov. 4. 1557 he monished 
the Clergy to pay their Arrears of Subsidies, to exhibite Terriers and 
Inveutaries of their Church goods by the next Synod, under pain of 
Deprivation, and injoyned Residence and Hospitality. He was a 
zealous Papist, but no Persecutor, that I can finde. On the contrary, 



251 

tho' he deprived many of the married Clergy, he generally gave them 
some other Living instead of that, they were deprived of, and often 
permitted them to exchange. 

1558. 21 die Maii, dictus Reverendus Pater WiUvmus, Episcopus 
Bangor, summo diluculo, diem claudehat extremum, sedit annis duo- 
hus, mensibus octo, et diehus tredecim. He was buried before the 
High Altar, and hath this Inscription on his Grave. 

Guylihamus Glyn natus in Insuld Mond, Cantabrigioi Doctor 
Theologice, Episcopus Bangor Romam vidit, Concionator Egregius 
sud lingud et valde doctus. Vixit integerrime annos 54. Moritur anrio 
1558. Regni Marice quinto. 

Duw a Diffon. 



His arms were : Barry of 6, Arg. and Az. three sea-horses 
naiant Or, two and one. 

Fuller {Worthies of Anglesea) gives bishop Glynn the fol- 
lowing character: ' An excellent scholar, and as 1 have been 
assured by judicious persons, who have seriously perused the 
solemn disputations (printed in Master Fox) betwixt the Papists 
and Protestants, that of the former none pressed his arguments 
with more strength and less passion than Doctor Glynn: though 
constant to his own, he was not cruel to opposite judgments, as 
appeareth by the appearing of no persecution in his diocese; and 
his mild nature must be allowed to be at least causa socia or the 
fellow cause thereof.' 




N consequence of the restoration of the roman catholic 
religion the statutes of 1529 were again put in force 
and many other changes took place in the college. 
Those concerning the chapel will be found under that head: 
some others are here given from the bursars' account books. 

III. M. J. 1553-54, fo. 220. [June] Mutuo accepit academia ad 
solvendum pro argentea et inaurata cruce liij^ iiij**. 

In 1548 during Dr Parker's vice-chancellorship, the 
university had sold their great silver processional cross, 
weighing 336 oz., for £92. 13s. On 4 April 1554, the 
chancellor bishop Gardiner wrote to them, stating that he 
had willed master Yonge the vice-chancellor to provide a 



252 

seemly cross of silver, to be used in their processions among j 
them as in times past; it cost £30. Os. 8t?., towards which ; 
Trinity college contributed £5. 6s. 8c?., King's college £4, I 
St John's college £3. 4s., Christ's college £2. 15s., arid the | 
other houses smaller sums than the share of Queens' college. | 
(Cooper, Ann. ii. 9. 85.) 

1554:-55, fo. 230. [June]. Item pro sex fasciculis exustis in atrio 
vesperiis sancti Johannis ix*. 'I 

Item pro vino caseo et duplici zitho eodem tempore xx^ '| 

Item pro igne potu et vino in vesperiis sancti Petri in i' 
atrio ij'- ij'- 

fo. 23(J. b, [July] Imjjrimis pro igne in atrio in vesperiis sancti 
Thome (Translation of St Thomas of Canterbury, 6 July.) ix^ j 

Pro vino, duplici zitho et caseo eodem tempore xix^ 'I 

During the years 1556 and 1557 we find these eves of j 
the festivals of St John Baptist, St Peter, St Thomas of ! 
Canterbury, and St James, kept in a similar manner. 

Mary was married 25 July, 1554, to Philip, prince of Spain 
and king of Naples; the event was thus celebrated at Queens': — j 

III. M. J. 1553-54, fo. 221. July. Pro novem fascibus ligni ad 

constructionem 3 pyrarum in atrio ij^ iiij'*. i 

Compotatio sociorum simul sedentium ad pyram viij*. ii 

The alleged pregnancy and rumoured delivery of the queen i 
caused much rejoicing. 

III. M. J. 1554-55. fo. 225 b. [Nov.] Item pro igne in atrio et | 
aliis expensis ibi factis cum renunciatum fuit Reginam fuisse i 
conceptam ij°. ' 

fo. 228. [April]. Item pro 6 fasciculis exustis in atrio cum con- | 
clamatum est Reginam peperisse ix^ '| 

Pro vino caseo et duplici zitho eodem tempore xx^ 'i 

In 1555, at the instance of bishop Gardiner, the university / 
imposed on all graduates the subscription to certain articles, ■ 
affirming the leading doctrines of the mediseval church. The 
names of the greater part of the fellows of Queens' college are in 
the list of subscribers given in Dr Lamb's Cambridge Docu- 



I 

' 253 

ments, 175, 176. It includes Tliomas Yale afterwards dean of 
the arches to archbishop Parker (Cooper, Ath. i. 379, 566), 
Nicholas Robinson afterwards bishop of Bangor (Cooper, i. 503), 
John Mey brother of the late president and afterwards bishop 
)f Carlisle (Cooper, ii. 233, 549), John Josseljn afterwards 
irchbishop Parker's secretary (Cooper, ii. 366), Richard Worme 
ifterwards counsellor and solicitor to the dean and chapter of 
Peterborough (Cooper, ii. 50, 544), and William Harward, who 
jlayed a somewhat conspicuous part in the visitation of 1556-7, 
but afterwards was made canon of Windsor (Cooper, ii. 51, 544). 




URING the months of January and February, 1556-7, 
a general visitation of the university and colleges took 
place under the authority of the chancellor cardinal Pole 
IS the pope's legate. In Dec. the chancellor cited all graduates 
appear before the visitors at St Mary's church on 11 Jan. and 
[his citation was made known to all persons concerned by the 
dcechancellor Dr Perne. (Cooper, Ann. ii. 112.) The visita- 
ion was accordingly opened on that day at King's college chapel 
vith mass of the Holy Ghost, and a Latin sermon at St Mary's 
igainst heresies and heretics, by Thomas Peacock, B.D., after- 
yards president of Queens' college. The trial and condemnation 
l^f Martin Bucer and Paul Fagius lasted from 12 Jan. to 1 Feb. 
Burning their remains and a cartload of heretical books in the 
narket-place, reconciling Great St Mary's church, and a pro- 
lession with the Eucharistic bread, occupied the 6th, 7th, and 
|)th of February; and on the 16 Feb. the new statutes were pro- 
mulgated after mass at St Mary's, and the next day the visitors 
eft the university. The visitation of the colleges went on 
neanwhile, beginning at King's college on 14 Jan. 

Dr Glyim was not present at the visitation, although the 
jioUege had informed him of the arrival of the visitors, as on 13 
^eb. the visitors mention ' the absence of the master.' 

III. M. J. 1556-57, fo. 243 [Dec] Ejus expensa qui proficisce- 
batur ad magistrum nostrum episcopum Bangoriensem sig- 
nificandi gratia visitatorum adventum xxiiij^ ij"*. 



254. 

The proceedings at Queens' college are thus described in 
John Mere's diary (MS. Parker cvi. Art. 330; Dr Lamb, Camb. 
Doc. 184 ff.): the expression 'the president' there used means 
(as it often does) the vice-president, John Dale : — 

xviii Januar. On Monday as before with some snow. It. the 
visyters came to the Quenes college di. houre before vij, and in tlie 
gate howse a forme sett with carpet and cusshyns, where first the pre- 
sident receyved them with holy water and sensinge in a cope, and 
all the company in siirplesses with crosses and candlestycks. After 
that thei went to the chapell processionaliter and had masse of 
the Holy Gost songe, which don they sitting styll in the stall es the 
president delivered the certificat of all the companyes names and I 
called them, and then thei wente upp to the awlter and so to the 
vestrye perusinge all thinge as they did at the kings college. Then 
thei wente to the master's lodgyngs and there sate in examina- 
tion untill X, at what tyme the Yic. came and fet them to S. Maryes, 
but Dr Thomas Watson the bishop of Lincoln, and Dr Cole 
provost of Eton and dean of St Pauls, two of the visitors, 
remayned styll at the Quenes college and there dyned and continued 
tyll affter iiij of the clocke. 

The following account of this dinner is taken from Fox's Aets 
and Monuments (ed. Townsend), viii. 273 (see App. p. 769) : — 

The commissioners (for they were marvellous conscionable men 
in all their doings) had great regard of the expenses of every college 
where they should make inquisition. Wherefore, to the intent that i 
none of them should stretch their liberality beyond measure, or above 
their power, they gave charge at the beginning, that there should not I 
in any place be prepared for their repast above three kinds of meat li 
at the most.!. Thereupon when they came to Queenes college the 18th 
day to sit upon inquiry, and one capon chanced to be served to the 
table more than was prescribed by the order taken, they thrust 
it away in great displeasure. These thriving men, that were so sore 
moved for the preparing of one capon, within little more than one 
month, beside their private refections, wasted in their daily diet well 
nigh a hundred pounds (£82. 10s. id.) of the common charges of the 
colleges, so that the university may worthily allege against them this 
saying of our Saviour, ' Woe unto you that strain out a gnat and 
swallow up a camel.' 



255 

The expense of this dinner is stated in the bursars' books to 
have been £1. 18s. 10|c?. 

Of the further proceedings at Queens' we find the following 
particulars in Mere's diary: — 

XX Jan... It, M". Cosyn, Morley, both the proctors, Gwyn, Bron- 
stead and I supped with M"" Yale at the Q. Coll. 

xxij Januar....It. dirge at Botulphe churche [exequise of D' J. 
Drewell] where the Vic. had ij' and the proctors xij"* a pece. The 
parson was fayne to execute, for no priest of the Queues Coll. was 
present, but M"" Ilarwarde. 

xxiiii Januar. . . . It. the Vic. D. Yonge, D. Gryffy the, bothe the 
proctors and iij bedells dyned at the Queues college... It. D. Harvye, 
M"^. Taylor etc. supped at the Queues college. 

On 6 Feb. Dale, Robinson, Meye, Joscelyn, and Thorpe, 
fellows of the college, were sent for by the visitors; and 'M" 
Hale (?), Harwarde and Hawsoppe came unsent for.' 

On 8 Feb. they sent for the president of Queens' college and 
all the fellows. 

Feb. xii It. betwyxte i and ij my L. of Lynkolne and D. Cole 

wente to the Queues college and called the company togeyther into 
the chappell and ther contynued an houre. 

xiii Februar It. the visitors sent for M". Harwarde and Haw- 
sop to brynge in bookes, and thei with M". Dale and Mey were com- 
manded to make none electyon in the absens of the master excepte it 
was otherwyse seene by my L. Cardynalles grace, under payne of 
bothe finistratynge the election and losinge ther voices for after, and 
thereof syr Baley and I were called and taken as wytnesses, and the 
visitors willed the company to be good to W. Lamas the cooke and 
to give that the statute apoynted hym. 

xiv. Februar.... It. M". Dale and Yale willed me to deliver to 
the Datarye in the name of the felows a byll with these names : 
M". Shaw, Kfctleston and syrs Bobinson, Brysko and Newell, whom 
thei meant to chose fellowes of ther howse. 

Of these only John Newell was elected fellow about Mich. 
1557: he died however in about 18 days. 

Primo Martii. It. The Queues college entered questions. 

The visitors investigated the way in which the statutes of 
1529, (which had been brought back in the previous November,) 



;oo 



Ad pri- 
miun. 



Ad eun- 
dem. 
Ad eun- 
dem. 



Ad 3. 

Ad eun- 
dem. 

Ad 4. 
Ad 6. 

Ad eun- 
dem. 

Ad 7. 

Ad 8. 

Ad eun- 
dem. 

Ad 10, 

Ad 13. 

Ad 14. 
Ad 17. 

Ad 19. 



had been observed by the society. The answers of the fello\ 
to the questions put by the visitors have been preserved. Thf_ 
are here transcribed from MS. Parker, cxviii. p. 395—400, whei 
however the paper containing them stands in the midst of doci 
ments belonging to the year 1559 : — 

Collegium Eeginale, prima inquisitio 
ex prima depositione primi testis, 
viz. Johannis Dale. 

In collegio Eegine presidens et xj socii sunt, quorum tres exii 
unt sacerdotes viz. Johannes Dale, Johannes Stokes et GuiUelm 

Harwarde. 

Sunt in eodem collegio tres scholares, duo coci et duo servientes 

In eodem collegio ultra fundationes sunt sex scholares, quib, 

solvuntur singulis hebdomadis octo denarii, estque inibi organista c| 

solvuntur singidis hebdomadis sedecim denarii. i 

Presidens et septem socii absunt de consensu tamen majoris par 

sociorum. 

Numerus sociorum et sacerdotum non est completus prout statu: 

requirunt. ; 

Statutum superiore anno violatum fait. ! 

Nicholaus Robinson et Johannes Josselin non fuerant electi jusj. 
formam statuti, sed impositi per visitatores regis Edwardi sexti. ' 

Omnes non observant juramentum de observandis statutis ipsiji 

collegii. , 

Duo socii sunt ex Wallia, nomine Thomas Yale et Nicholfji 

Robinson. _ , 

Presente vicepreside missse et horse canonicse celebrantur, i]j' 
vero absente aliquando omittuntur. 

Plures sunt qui tarde veniunt in celebratione anniversarionun i 
exequiarum, et maxime magister Josselin qui semper tarde venit. 1 

Anno preterito Johannes Maye thesaurarius remansit debi? 
collegio in quadraginta libris, et tamen obligatus. 

Multi absunt in disputationibus, absunt et maxime magistri Y 3 

et Robinson. 

Magistri Joslyn, Thorpe et Maye diverterunt studia a Theologl 
Non utuntur sermone latino nee loquuntur de rebus spectantiiS 

ad eruditionem. 

Non intrant horis debitis in collegio. 



2o7 

Mulieres tamen iioiieste nee suspecte accedunt intra septa collegii Ad ■23. 
et quando aliquos oppidanos invitant, Iiabent illas cxim eorum maritis 
in mensa. 

Magister Maye aliquando ludit. Ad 24. 

Nonnulli eorum amici cubant et dormiunt in collegio. Ad 25. 

Magistri Dale et Yale non portant caputiiim. Ad 28. 

Magistri Yale et Josselyn claves cistarum penes se habent et illas Ad 30. 
vicepresidi feddere nolunt. 

Magister Harwarde solet ssepissime rixare cum vicepreside et aliis Ad 32. 
dicti collegii sociis necnan eidem vicepresidi (sic) ac erga ipsum verba 
injuriosa proferre. 

Ex depositione 2' testis, 
viz. Georgii Hausoppe. 

In eodem collegio sunt tantum undecim socii, ex quibus sunt tan- Ad i . 
turn tres sacerdotes. 

Presidens est absens sine consensu sociorum qui non satisfacit Ad 3. 
officio suo in executione statutorum. Propterea quod semel et iterum 
monitus ex senioribus sociis ut cogeret iuniores esse sacerdotes juxta 
formam statuti, quod non fecit. 

Magister Yale omnia fere collegii monumenta in sua potestate Ad eun- 
habet contra statutum, servatque quasdam claves, non observato man- ^™" 
dato presidis, qui illas jussit magistrum Dale vicepresidem servare. 

Nulla fuit lustratio maneriorum et principalium tenementorum Ad 4. 
dicti collegii in 'a°. ult. preterito. 

Magistri Robinson et Josselin non fnerunt electi juxta formam Ad 6. 
■statuti, sed per visitatores Edwardi sexti impositi. 

I Magister Josselyn non pauper sed aureati militis filius est. , ®^"' 

I Sunt duo socii de Wallia contra manifestum statutum. Ad 7. 

Missse matutinse et horse canonicse juxta statutum non sei'vantur. Ad 8. 

Absentes a rebus divinis non puniuntur, propterea quod habent At eun- 
nullum decanum qui illud faoiet. ®'"' 

Unus scholaris nuper decessit a collegio, in cujus locum alium Ad 9. 
sunt electuri. 

Electiones thesaurariorum fuerunt observatae prseter quandam elec- Ad lo. 
tionem quae non secundum consuetudinem laudabilem hactenus in 
collegio observatam (sic). 

Magister Maye est debitor collegio in quadraginta libris, de con- Ad etm- 
iensu tamen omnium sociorum et sub ea conditione, ut singulis annis ^^° 
lebeat solvere quatuor libras usque ad accomplementum summse, 

17 



258 

NuUus est decanus qui faciat contenta in articulo. 

Dubitatur de altero censore Theologo an recte satisfaciat officio suo. 

Magister Josselyn adhuc non diver tit studium ad Theologiam, 
tametsi jam per quadriennium fuerit magister in artibus. 

De Jurista civUi dubitatur, quia iste deponens nescit an fuerit 
dispensatum per dictum collegium, et an collegium potuit secum 
dispensari. Iste jurista est magister Yale, qui per decem annos fuit 
magister in artibus et ultra decem annos jam elapsos non suscepit 
gradum doctoratus. 

Statutum de modeste se gerendo in mensa et usu sermone latino 
(sic) in prandiis et cenis non observatur. 

Ignoratur quomodo publicum serarium et sigillum custodiantiir, 
propterea quod magister Josselyn habet claves in sua custodia, quas 
habere non potest ante finitum computum. 

Magistri Yale, Robinson et Josselyn sunt singulis fere noctibus 
in oppido usque ad boram octavam vel nonam. 

Aliquando viri lionesti pernoctant in collegio cum eorum amicis. 

Socii non sacerdotes plus habent tam in communiis quam stipen- 
diis quam sacerdotes, quod estimanduni fieri contra intentiones fun- 
datorum. 

Magister Yale noluit dare quasdam claves magistro Dale vice- 
presidi juxta assignationem prsefecti hinc recedentis. 

Sunt qui alunt partes et seminant discordias non solum in collegio 
sed etiam in oppido, et maxime magistri Yale, Robinson et Josselyn. 
Ad eun- Magister Yale nuper minatus est se velle tractaturum magistrum 

Georgium Hawsoppe indignis modis, presentibus tunc magistris 
Thorpe et Josselyn. 



dem. 



Ex depositione 3'. testis, viz. Ricardi 
Thorpe. 

Ad 8. Missse non celebrantur singulis diebus fiestis. 

Ad lo. Johannes Maye de compute suo tempore officii bursarii debet 

collegio quadraginta libras et tamen obligavit se illas solvere infra 

quadriennium. 
Ad 24. Multi comedunt in tabernis, cum amici illis accedunt. 

Ad 30. Magister Josselyn noluit restituere claves turris magistro Dale 

antiquo thesaurario. 
Ad 32. Multi sunt contentiosi, et maxime magister Yale qui omnibus aliis 

sociis velit imperare. 



259 



Ex inquisitione seounda et primo 
ex depositione primi testis, viz. 



Thome Yale, 



Sunt tantum undecim socii in collegio Regine, quorum duntaxat Ad i. 
tres sunt sacerdotes. 

Prsesidens collegii abfuit a collegio per totum istum annum, viz, a Ad eun- 
festo sancti Michaelis liucusque. 

Magister Robinson non est electus socius secundum statuta, sed Ad eun- 
per visitatores Edwardi sexti intrusus. *^^™- 

Magister Thorpe non electus erat socius, sed per eosdem visitatores Ad eun- 
intrusus, ^®™- 

Prsesidens aderat tantum per triginta dies in anno. Ad 3. 

Nulla est lustratio maneriorum et tenenaentorum pertinentium Ad 4. 
dicto collegio per prsesidentem. 

Sunt plures socii de Wallia quam dehent, qui per visitatores Ad 7. 
intrudebantur. 

Sunt tantum tres pauperes scholares. Ad 9. 

Computa ipsius anni nondum sunt finita. Ad 10. 

Magister Dale nondum reddidit computum de iis pecuniis, quas Ad eun- 
accepit pro expensis in capella dicti collegii. ®™' 

Magister Maye bursarius anni superioris nondum plene reddidit Ad euii- 
computum suiim. *^®™" 

Nullus decanus sacelli est electus in hoc collegio. Ad 11. 

Non utuntur sermone latino tempore prandii et ceense. Ad 17. 

Ideo adhibeatur remedium ut statutum in hoc observetur. , ®^™' 

dem. 
Admoneantur ut post hac diligentius operam dent Uteris. Ad 24. 

Extranei tempore nundinarum Sturbrigieii. admittuntur ad per- Ad 25. 
noctandum in collegio. 

Multi sunt qui nutriunt comam et barbam et non deferunt :Coro- Ad 28. 
nam ordini suo convenientem. 

Adhibeatur admonitio generalis, ut juniores debitum honorem Ad 31. 
superioribus suis exhibeant. Et ut loquantur sermone latino, 

Advertatur ut omnia concordata inter eos et concessa per presi- Ad 32. 
dentem et socios mandentur scriptis in registro. 

Multse inimicitise et discordiee inter socios exortse sunt et quotidie Ad eun- 
exoriuntur, quia non manifeste constat quid inter ipsos concorda- ^^^' 
turn aut non concordatum est. 

17—2 



260 



Ex inquisitione secunda, ex 

depositione secundi testis, viz. Nicolai Robinson. 

Magister Maye habet in manibus snis quadraginta libras de bonis 
collegii, necdum plene fecit computnm suum pro exercitio officii 
bursarii. 

Nulla sunt antiqua inventaria rerum aut mobilium aut immo- 
biKum in hoc coUegio. 

Socii bacchalaiirei et scholares in hoc collegio non babent repeti- 
tiones lectionum, nisi ad arbitriura decani. 



Ex inquisitione secunda et 

ex depositione tertii testis, viz. Johannis 

Josseljn, 

3. testis. 

In hoc collegio nullum habent auditorem nee faciunt computa sua 
juxta morem istius regni sed inter seipsos. 

Magister Josselyn non divertit studium ad Theologiam, contra 
formam statuti. 

Nicholaus Robinson et Johannes Josselyn non fuerunt socii electi 
secundum formam statutorum sed impositi per visitatores regis Ed- 
wardi sexti. 

Magister Hawsoppe est debitor collegio pro uno pupillo ejusdem 
in quatuor libris. 

It would seem that John Josselyn and Richard Longworth 
afterwards master of St John's college (Cooper, Ath. i. 399), 
were expelled by the visitors. Nicholas Robinson, John Mey, 
and John Igulden took priest's orders in the course of the year. 

In Fox's Acts and Mon. (viii. 274) we find the following, 
referring to this visitation : — 

As Ormanet the pope's datary was sitting at Trinity college, 
John Bale one of Queens' college came to him whom he had com- 
manded before to bring with him the pix, wherein the bishop of 
Rome's god of bread was wont to be enclosed. For Ormanet told 
^h&m. he had a precious jewel, the same was a linen clout that the 
pope had consecrated with his own hands, which he promised to 



ij 



261 

bestow on them for a gift. But Dale misunderstanding Ormauet, 
instead of the pix brought a chalice and a singing cake called the 
host, which he wrapt \ip and put in his bosom. When he was come 
Ormanet spake him courteously, demanding if he had brought him 
the thing he sent him for : to whom he answered he had brought it : 
"then give it me" (quoth he) : Dale pulled out the chalice and the 
singing cake. When Ormanet saw that, he stepped somewhat back, 
as it had been in a wonder, calling him blockhead and little better 
than a madman, demanding what he meant by those things, saying 
he willed him to bring none of that gear, and that he was unworthy 
to enjoy so high a benefit : yet notwithstanding for as much as he 
had promised before to give it them, he would perform his promise. 
Whereupon with great reverence he pulled out the linen cloth and 
laid it in the chalice and the bread with it, commanding them, both 
for the holiness of the thing, and also for the author of it, to keep it 
among them with such due reverence as belonged to so holy a relic. 

The following extracts from the college account refer to tliis 
visitation : — 

III. M. J. 1556-57, fo. 242. b. [Nov.] Dedit Mr Dale famulo 

D. Mey perferenti vetera statuta vi**. 

fo. 243. [Dec. (sic)] Item pro le perfumes ad cubiculum magistri 

in quo sedebant visitatores iiij**. 

Pro sirpis ad idem cubiculum ij*". 

Pro thure ad sacellum ij^ 

Prandium visitatorum et eorundem famulorum . . . xxxviij^ x^ ob. 
fo. 243. b. [Feb.] Expositum a collegio pro expensis factis 

tempore visitationis, sicut visum sit omnibus collegiorum pre- 

fectis iiij". x^ 

The charges of the visitors amounted to £82. 10s. 4c?., which 
was defrayed by an assessment on the colleges at the 
rate of 4id. in the pound. (Cooper, Ann. ii. 120.) 

D°° Igulden pro scribendis libris quos secum deferebant visitatores 
ex consensu sociorum vi^ viij"*. 

fo. 244. [Mali] Tradita m" Dale charta, in qua scribuntur leges 
latse a visitatoribus jj''. 

1557-58, fo. 249. b. Item pro expensis ejus qui equitavit ad diiih 
Cardinal em cum Uteris xj°. 

Item expenses m" Dale ad D. Oardinalem xiij'- iiij**- 

fo. 250, Item expensse m" Dale ad D. Oardinalem ... xxiij'. ob. 



262 

The visitors of the university ' sent out a commandment 
that the master of every college by the advice of his house 
should cause to he put in writing, how much every house had 
of ready money, how much of yearly revenues, how much 
thereof had been bestowed about necessary uses of the college, 
how much went to the stipends of the fellows, and the daily 
diet of the house, how much was allowed for other extraordinary 
expenses, how much remained from year to year, what was 
done with the overplus, with a due account of all things be- 
longing to that purpose.' (Cooper, Ann. ii. 120-1.) The date 
of this decree was 11 Jan. 3 & 4 Phil, et Mar. 1556-7. The 
return from Queens' is still preserved in the college, and is dated 
3 Feb. 1556 (i.e. 1556-7). 

In 1557 pope Paul IV., out of dislike to cardinal Pole, 
recalled him to Eome, and on 14 June appointed a Franciscan, 
William Peyto, who had been (1506-11) fellow of Queens' and 
whom the pope had formerly known at Rome, Legate a latere of 
England and Ireland. The queen fearing the result of the 
appointment of a mendicant friar of great age, and who ' had 
neither birth, nor abilities^ nor a reputation equal to the post he 
was designed for, especially after such a predecessor, kept the 
papal decree in her possession, and the whole affair a secret to 
Peyto, who never exercised the functions of the position to 
which he had been nominated. The queen remonstranced with 
the pope, and either he gave way and reinstated cardinal Pole 
or the negotiations were not finished when Mary died.' (Th. 
Phillips, Life of Pole, ii. 184—204.) 

The queen being in want of money issued commissions for 
raising money by way of loan ; the university on being sum- 
moned by the commissioners for the county of Cambridge, on 
8 Oct. to appear before them, complained to the privy council 
and obtained an order to the commissioners ' to forbear to med- 
dle' with the university or any person or member of the same. 
(Strype, Uccl. Mem. iii. ch. 55.) 

The following items in the college accounts probably refer to 
this : — 



263 

III. M.J. 1556-57, fo. 24:5. [Sept. 1557] Expensi commissariorum 
domine regine, tit patet per billam xviij\ vi*. ob. 

M" Harward ex mandato domini vicecancellarii ad citandos 
magistros Dale et Mey ut comparerent coram commissionariis 
domine regine in coUegio iiij*. 



The following miscellaneous extracts from the college ac- 
counts belong to Dr Glynn's presidentship : — 

III. M. J. 1553-54, fo, 219. b. [Jan.] to the waytes singulis auro- 

ris circumetintibus ij\ 

fo. 220. [Jan.] Item Wallys oikoSo/xo) pro abaco ad cubiculum 

magistri (?sideboard) xxxvj^ viij**. 

fo. 221. [May] Propresidi pedibus eunti Bumstedium ad procu- 

randum quernas trabes et lignorum codices, et assignandum 

arbores excidendas ad ignem conclavi XAdij*^. 

1554-55, fo. 227. b. [March]. A new wooden bridge was built, 

the old one having broken down. 
1555-56, fo. 238. [Apr.]. Each fellow in orders had 20s. extra 'in 

subsidium stipendii sui ex consensu magistri et sociorum.' 
1556-57, fo. 245. b. The fellows in priests orders had 27s. 9|d. 

each, 'in subsidio stipendii sui tempore caritatis (ex decreto 

visitatorum).' 
fo. 245. [Sept.] In expensis pyrse pro victoria regis in Francia 

(the battle of St Quintin was fought 10 Aug.) ix**. 



'2M 



• ■ Oct. 1557— c. May 1559. 

4 et 5 Ph. et Mar.— 1 Eliz. 




[HE next president was Thomas Pecocke. He was a 
native of Cambridge, and probably son of Thomas 
Pecocke, burgess of that town, whose will (dated 
1528, and proved in the court of the archdeacon of 
Ely in 1541) contains the following clause : ' Item I bequethe 
to my sone Thomas Pecocke x"- to be payd to hym at xx'' yeres 
of age, yf that he be a mane of the world, and yf that he wyl 
be prieste, yt to be payd to hym when the same day that he 
schall syng hys fyrste masse.' 

He was admitted fellow of St John's in the 25th year of 
Henry YIII. (22 Apr. 1533—21 Apr. 1534), took the degree of 
B.A. in 1533-4, and commenced M.A. 1537. He was afterwards 
chantry priest in St Lawrence's church in Ipswich, and rector of 
Nacton Suffolk. 

On 23 Apr. 1554, he was installed a canon of Norwich, in 
which year also he proceeded B.D. His name is subscribed to 
the Homan Catholic articles of 1555. He was one of the chap- 
lains of Thirlby bishop of Ely, and as such was present at Ely 
when Wolsey and Pigot were condemned to be burnt for heresy 
9 Oct. 1555. 

On 25 Oct. 1555 the bishop collated him to the rectory of 
Downham in the isle of Ely, and on 30 Nov. 1556 to a canonry 



265 

(7th stall) in the church of Ely, for which he had exchanged 
his canomy at Norwich. (Bentham, Ely, 260.) 

At the visitation of the university in January 1556-7, Mr 
Pecocke preached the opening sermon ad Clerum on 11 Jan. in 
St Mary's church before the whole university and the visitors, 
inveighing against heresies and heretics, as Bilney, Latimer, 
Cranmer, ^-idley, &c. The service itself, ' a masse of the Holy 
Ghost,' had been previously sung in King's college chapel, as 
on account of the interdict divine service could not be per- 
formed in the university church. 

Mr Pecocke is mentioned among the contributors towards 
'the lone to y® queue 1557' in MS. Parker cvi. 339. 



It is uncertain how he became president of Queens' col- 
lege, whether by free election or otherwise. The exact date is 
also uncertain. The list of presidents in Dr Walker's MS. copy 
of the statutes (written 7 May 1565) puts his election on 23 Nov. 
1556, bishop Glynn's resignation being put on 16 Nov. 'Thomas 
Pecocke sacraa Theologise baccal : fuit undecimus prsesidens per 
annos...viz: ab anno dom: 1556 et 23 Nov: usque ad annum 
1559 Julii primo. ab anno 4 Marise usque ad 1"™ Elizabethse.' 
These dates are wrong, as appears from the following item in the 
bursars' accounts already quoted : 

III. M.J. 1556-57, fo. 243 [December 1556]. Ejus expensa qui 
proficiscebatur ad magistrum nostrum episcopum Bangoriensem 
significandi gratia visitatorum adventum xxiiij'. ij**. 

The date is approximately given by two leases, one of which 
is dated 1 Sept. 4 et 5 Phil, et Mar. [1557] granted during the 
mastership of Bishop Wm. Glynn, the other being dated 1 Dec. 
4 et 5 Phil, et Mar. [1557] during that of Mr Pecocke : so that 
Mr Pecocke became president in the autumn of 1557. (II Lease- 
book 1530-1613, pp. 28, 30.) 

III. M. J. 1557-58, fo. 249 [OclJ. Item pro expensis mri Stokes 
equitantis pro mro iiij^ 

Towards the end of the reign of queen Mary, bishop Thirlby 
of Ely presented Thomas Pecocke to the rectory of Barley Herts. 
The date of institution is given by Newcourt (i. 798-800) as 



266 



1 



31 Jan. 1558. He resigned this living, and his successor, Thomas 
Dobyson, M. A., was instituted, according to the same authority, 
on 7 March 1559. As however the latter was instituted by bishop 
Grindal, who was not consecrated till 21 Dec. 1559, in succes- 
sion to Bonner, who was displaced 30 May 1559, the date of 
that event must really be 7 March 1559-60. So that Mr Pecocke 
was instituted to the rectory of Barley on 31 Jan. 1558-9, 
and resigned it before 7 March 1559-60. 

On 17 Nov. 1558, queen Mary died, and queen Elizabeth 
ascended the throne : 

III. M. J. 1558-59, fo. 258. a. Expensse pyrse in proclamatioDe 
reginse iijl ij^ 

In consequence of the changes in religion which soon after- 
wards followed (the act of uniformity coming into operation on 
24 June 1559), Mr Pecocke lost all his preferments. He resigned 
the presidentship not long after 5 May 1559. From that time 
lived in retirement. 

On his resignation the college made him a present : 
III. M. J. 1558-59, fo. 260. b. [June] Mfo Pecoke ex consensu 
mri et sociorum iiij". i 

On 1 May 1563, he gave to the churchwardens of Trinity i 
parish in Cambridge (in which he appears to have been born), , 
and their successors, an annuity of 20s., payable out of tl 
the messuage or inn called the Crane. 

On 23 Oct. 1581, he gave £20 to the corporation of Cam- -j 
bridge, they covenanting to distribute 16d. a month among the i 
prisoners in the Tolbooth. No notice of him later than this has si 
been found. (Cooper, Ann. ii. 388, Athence, i. 460.) v 

His arms were: Or a chevron gu. between three peacocks 3i 
heads erased Az. 



E will now turn to tiae events of Mr Pecocke's short 
presidentship, and the dispute which arose between 
him and part of the fellows respecting an election to 
the then vacant fellowships. 

The society of Queens' college was divided into two parties, 




267 

the one holding with the master, the minority being opposed to 
him, and claiming to favour the reformed opinions. Among the 
former it is surprising to find John Mej, the brother of the late 
president Dr William Mey. The exact circumstances of the 
dispute have not come down to us. It Avould seem that the mi- 
nority was opposed to the election of three bachelors of arts of 
that year a? fellows, John Hendmare or Hyndmer, B.A. (Cooper, 
Ath. i. 180. matr. Nov. 1552) who was already fellow of Christ's 
college, John Welles, B.A. of Pembroke hall (Cooper, i. 284?), 
and Edward Harnesse, B.A. of St John's college. Both parties 
wrote to sir William Cecil the chancellor of the university, and 
certain persons, apparently John Dale, William Harwarde the 
senior bursar, and George Gardiner, were deputed by the presi- 
dent to go to London and explain the case to him, and lay a 
copy of the college statutes before him. 

Cecil, who as secretary of state resided at London, not feeling 
able to do even justice at so great a distance from Cambridge, 
wrote to Pecocke, directing him to proceed no further in the elec- 
tion or admission to fellowships until he should have decided 
what course to pursue, and deputed Dr Pory the vicechancellor 
and master of Corpus Christi college, Dr Parker afterwards arch- 
bishop of Canterbury and Mr Edward Leedes afterwards master 
of Clare hall (Cooper, Ath. i. 320, 327, ii. 65) to investigate the 
complaints, and adjudicate between the two parties. The com- 
missioners seem to have been satisfied with two of the recently 
elected fellows, and Cecil wrote to Pecocke authorizing him to 
admit them, although they are mentioned as having been ad- 
mitted by him at the time of the election. John Hendmare only 
appears among the 'socii non sacerdotes' for the year Michaelmas 
1558-59, while Edward Harnesse continued fellow till about 
Michaelmas 1560, and John Welles till about January 1563-4. 

The MS. Parker cxviii. in the library of Corpus Christi 
college Cambridge contains (pp. 335-415) a set of documents 
referring to this subject including the copy of the statutes which 
had been sent up to Cecil ; from the Public Record Ofiice in 
London another set (Elizabeth, Domestic series, vol. iii. no. 29-31, 
36 — 38. Lemon, Col. 1547-80, pp. 125-6) has been obtained ; 
these two sets are here arranged in proper order. 



268 



1. 

The president and part of the fellows of Queens' college to 
sir William Cecil, chancellor of the university, 16 March 
1558-9. 
(Public Record Office, Domestic Elizabeth, vol. iii. no. 29.) 

Facit incredibilis humanitas tua, illustrissime Vir, sequitas, pru- 
dentia, amor in omnes nos, ut quern communem patronum cuncta 
Academia communi judicio adoptarit, eum nobis dari judicem in 
causa quadam nostra sic vehementer leetemur ut disceptatorem alium 
aut arbitrum si optaremus non habei'emus. Sed accidit perincom- 
mode ut hoc prsesertim tempore gravissimas tuas occupationes in- 
terpellare cogeremur, qui enim assiduis de sximma Republica deli- 
bei'ationibus distineris, veremur ut possis aliquid tribuere temporis 
nostris controversiis. Quare rem omnem et causam brevi complec- 
temur, et quae praeterea sunt diceuda, qui has ad te literas perfe- 
runt, coram explicabvuit. Prsesidens (sic enim appellatur a nobis, qui 
gubernat, et regit domum nostram) quum non ita pridem advoca- 
rat omnes socios, communicaratque nobiscum de conquirendis et seli- 
gendis adolescent] bus quos in socios cooptare poteramusj visum est 
nobis omnibus rectissimum, et e re nostra publica magnopere fore, ut 
hoc potissimum tempus prsefinitum huic haberemus negotio. Est equi- 
dem jam aliqua copia et delectus adolescentium^ consequuntur enim 
(ut fortasse meministi) his proximis diebus infimum apud nos doc- 
trinse gradum juvenes, qui bus fere supplentur inanes in collegiis loci. 
Quum ventum ad locum et pene ad suffragia ' esset, presidensque 
recitaret eorum nomina qui peterent, succlamatum est a nonnullis 
nostris, jura et domesticas leges violari, si de iis qui nominarentur ij 
quispiam in numerum nostrum adscriberetur, et nisi sacerdotes, ut li 
se res turn haberet, per statuta neminem legi potuisse. Sed cum et 
prsesidens ipse et nos etiam id non vere sed calumniandi animo j 
dictum videremus, eosque quorum nomina pronunciarentur et jure li 
et more institutoque majorum et privatis legibus, beneficio nostro 
et STiffragatione frui potuisse constaret, non sensimus committendum ' 
ut propter eos qui offendebantur sine causa repudiaremus (prsesertim ; 
in tarn orba Academia) adolescentes et indole et doctrina prsestantes. 
lUi quum non proficerent, injustis querimoniis se tum appellare certis 
verbis, et ad tuam authoritatem confugere professi sunt. Nos ut 
ceperamus progressi sumus, et quosdam in numerum sociorum nos- 



269 

trorum jure ascivimus sententiis nostris. Jam petimus a te, illus- 
trissime vir, ut quo illi jure pugnarunt, quibus autem ipsi nitimur 
rationibus, requiras ab iis quos ad te cum Uteris misimus, qui et 
perscripta affeiimt ea statuta quse boc dissidium excitarunt, et omnia 
commodius demonstrare possunt. Non tenebimus te pluribus verbis. 
Dominus te quam diutissime et Reginse nostrse serenissimum consil- 
iarium et Academise huic cancellarium, et nobis omnibus qui literas 
colimus sunimum patronum consei-vet incolumem. Datum e Collegio 
Reginali decimo sexto Martii anno 1558. 

Tui honoris studiosissimi prsesidens 
et socii prsedicti Collegii, infrascripti. 
Thomas Pecocke. 
Johannes Mey. 
Georgius Alsoppe. 
Georgius Gardyner. 
Edmundus Sherbroke. 
Nicolaus Huet. 
Gulihelmus Cragg. 
Ornatissimo clarissimoque 
viro Gulielmo Cecillo Summo Aca- 
demise Cantabrigiensis Cancellario 
et Literarum patrono maximo. 

(Indorsed) 6 (sic) Martii 1558 

The president and certain of the fellowes 
of the Queenes colledge in Cam- 
bridg to Mr Secretarie. 



The other part of the fellows of Queens' college to sir 

William Cecil, 17 March 1558-9. 
(Public Kecord Office, Domestic Elizabeth, vol. iii. no. 30.) 

Occupationes salutares tuas, quibus ad universse Reipublicse salu- 
tem invigilas, non perturbavissemus hoc tempore (Vir honorate) si vel 
scelere caruisset reticentia nostra, vel tam honorarium arbitrum nan- 
scisci potuissemus, qui aut propter autoritatem valeret, aut propter 
charitatem vellet, hominum in bonarum litterarum studiis delites- 



270 

centium controversias aequo jure toll ere. Cujus sequitatis certissima 
spa cum universa adducta Academia se suosque et omnem politio- 
rem litteraturam tibi commendavit, turn etiam nos quasi parentis 
vestigiis insistentes, Reginei collegii ahimni, iniquo presideutis et 
intollerabili sociorum quorundam dominatu ad collegii calamitatem 
et pernitiem pressi, ad Domiuationem tuam, ne prorsus obruamur, 
confugimus, qui violentise injurias et sensimus ssepe et pertulimus 
moderate, dum aliqua vel specula illuxerat emendatioris vitse in illis, 
quos vel Religio ad pietatem, vel fides ad officium revocare debuit. 
Yerum cum omnem quam statu tis collegii debuerant abjecissent 
obedientiam, sibique putavissent licere quicquid fuit libitum, impu- 
nitasque fuisset tanta proposita quantam et sperabant iniquiores, et 
sequi vix cogitabant, diutius profecto tantam improborum hominum 
conspirationem ad lacerandum collegii stattim, ad agendas prsedas 
ex ejnsdem bonorum direptione ferre non potuimus, nee tamen prseter 
Domination em tuam habuimus quenquam, qui sequo amore esset tarn 
florens litterarum domicillium, tam amabilem pietatis sedem com- 
plexurus, quae quibus rationibus deformata jaceat, quibusque de 
causis jam perturbetur, etsi ad referrendum esset facile, ad otii 
tamen tui rationem foret perlongum; illud vero caput est, in quo 
universa continentur, quod superioribus diebus prsesidens, animo ne- 
scimus quo pestifero, certe suorum suasu, electionem sociorum absol- 
verit quandam, nee ex more et consuetudine nostra, nee statutorum 
observantia prgestita, nee ad collegii decus seu litterarum incremen- 
tum futurum, verum vel metu quodam Eeformationis expectatse, vel 
conscientia rerum perverse et nequiter gestarum, vel quadam innata 
malitia in eos, qui visitatorum iniquitate pulsi suis sedibus olim 
videbantur. Hsec ille nuperrime cum sua aleatorum et obseratorum 
hominum coborte summis viribus et contentione egit, nobis interim 
et rogantibns, ut memor officii collegii dignitatem tueretur et suam, 
et tandem appellando nomen invocantibus tuum (ut in scriptis 
latius apparet), cujus privilegio sperabamus collegium tutius futu- 
rum : verum ille nee rogationes tulit nostras, et nominis tui appel- 
lationem contempsit. Quapropter contendimus vehementius a Domi- 
natione tua, ut vel certi probique delegantur homines, quorum judiciis 
hoc quicquid est litium terminetur, vel alio transigatur res tota mode, 
quo et collegio provideatur et litterarum quies non interrumpatur, 
totumque hoc extinguatur confusionis incendium. In hac causa nihil 
mobis erit tua prudentia antiquius, et quicquid statueris nobis erit 
.sacrosanctum. Dominus Jesus Domination em tuam ad Reipublicse 



271 

decus et bonarum litterarum incrementum quam diutissime con- 
servet incolumem. E Collegio Regineo Cantabrigise 17" Martii. 



r 



Joannes Stokes. 

I NiC. ROBYNSON. 

Honoris tui studiosi ^ Johannes Igulden. 

Edouerdus Raymond. 

GULIHELMUS PaGETUS. 



Honorato Yiro Domino Gulielmo 
Cicello Summo Cantabrigiensis 
Academise Cancellario. 

(Indorsed) 17 Martii 1558. The 
fellowes of the Queues colledge 
Cambridge to Mr Secretarie. 



Protest of the minority of the society of Queens' college against 
the election of sirs Hendmare, Welles and Harnesse as 
fellows. Undated. 

(MS. Parker cxviii. no. 17, p. 385-90.) 

Beynge unjustlye greved by the manyfolde prejudiciall doyings of 
Mr Peacocke' Master of our Colledge, and often gentlye desyriug 
redresse therof at his hande, and offerynge the case of M' Mey his 
fellowshippe touchinge the yeare of promotion to be compromitted to 
M' Doctor Maya, and further to give our voyces to theme that the 
master would have, upon knowledge of theme by small differringe of 
the election, which we might better do than to suifre so manye to be 
voyde, which offre the M'' touchinge M' Mej'e his case wolde not 
suffre to be done, and touchinge the other matter ones he wolde have 
taken yt and thought yt resonable to differre the electyon and put 
yt to voyces and founde the greter parte contentid so to differre yt, 
the which beynge graunted, he perceyvid M"" Mey€ and M' Haussope 
and Gardyner beynge capita factionum myscontentid, goeth over theme 
agane, reclaminge two of theme againe which were content to differ 
yt, for what purpose this inconstant earnestnesse shoulde be, your 
wysdome judge: thus finding no hope of redresse or amendement 
at his hand, but ever the longer the further of, were compellid to 



272 

require justyce at hygher pours, and to y^™ for that effecte to appeale 
speciallye frome a late pretensid election attemptid by him and others 
whiche ys comytted to your wysedome to be consydered how of no 
force yt ys, becausse the saide M"" al the tyme of his beynge with us 
wold never suffre us to nominate nor electe none bud preastes or at 
the least within holye orders, beringe himself so to do upon the statute, 
and that at this tyme he gave suche answers to honest men makinge 
sute for very fytte yonge men beynge no prestes to be fellowes, that 
he wolde not consent to choise anye non-sacerdos, yet procedinge con- 
trarye to the accompKshinge of the purpose of certan evell dysposed 
persons, and elected three by common fame most unworthie in all the 
townne, not knowen or sene ever before to us, where boythe the cus- 
tome and the statute dothe will 'eligendos' to be nominate and knowen 
before, and that everye one of theme to go sevearallye to everye fel- 
lowe to be examined yf yt please anye fellowe so to do, which beynge 
not observed arguythe evidentlye what was ment by suche unordy- 
nate doynges, that ys the maineteyninge of sectes, disapoynting of all 
reformacons of visitors or restoringe of suche as without juste causse 
were put out, keaping always the greater parte of unlerned and 
unthrifty e and such as God amende, wherof we desyre your wor- 
shippe to make a profe ; for these causses and others that followethe 
we appealid for reformacon to have the saide pretensid election dis- 
anuUid or rather pronounced as yt ys of no force, as we shall thus 
declare, 

First, becausse the said electionn was attemptit contrarye to the 
statute, as apperethe by the statutes capite 2° viz. ' Yolumus quod in 
eodem collegio sint octodecim socii quorum quatuordecim volumus 
esse sacerdotes, juxta iiltimas voluntates fundatorum eorundem, reli- 
quos socios non-sacer dotes esse permittimus etc,' the same statute so 
pleadid and alledgid to this effecte by theme that nowe dothe against 
yt before the late visitours so takin interpretid and declared and 
ever since hathe bene so practysed without contradiction untyll this 
late attempte. 

The seconde causse, that the said M'' and others wold not pi'ocede 
to electe so manye as shoulde fulfill the voyde rowmes of the hole 
niimbre but so many as belyke was for ther purpose, seynge there 
wantid and wantythe seven fellowes and hathe so done al the tyme 
of the incumbence of this master, what time M' Josselyne, M' Lang- 
woi'the and others verye honest and lerned men were unjustlye 
expelled and handlid cruellye, surmysinge al thinges to be lawfull that 



273 

they dyd borne by the late visitors as principall charapyons of ther 
doyings at that tyme and everye tyme since the M' might have 
fiu'uished the said voyde rounies yf he wolde have consentid to the 
election of anye non-sacerdos and some preistes to honest and lerned 
boythe at this tyme and afore. 

The statute dothe expx'esslye prohibite anye felowshippe to be 
voyde above a yeare Capite 8°, whiche ys not obsei"ved as theire 
appearethe. ' Bud the colledge unfornishid with fellowes or rather 
deformed with y^ same and the treasure y* shoulde be bestowed that 
wayes suffred in there handes that be y® doers of these busynesses 
ministers of complayntes and lyes to the late visitors by tuilawfull 
meanesand as rewarde of there suche well doynges made officers, who 
have the colledge moneye in ther handes as M'' Meye — xlvij". and 
more, M' Harward xxij". and above, M"" Haussope now boucer as we 
beleve xl^ or theraboutes, besides that he hathe lett out the colledge 
treasure upon his private authorytye upon gages, so that the store of 
the colledge lyethe in pawnys takin in not all (or noethinge) withoute 
usury e. 

The thirde causse, y* wher our statutes dothe require the M'' to 
injoyne 'in virtute juramenti singulis sociis etc' Capite 8° to 
nominate him or theme that they knowe most fyttest, which injunction 
the M*" pretermitted which thinge arguythe as before. 

The fourth e causse, for that the M' himselff alone receyvid the 
voyces of suche as gave anye, the statute requiringe a scrutyne of him 
and two of the seniours. 

The fyfte, for y* y^ M"" pronounced suche as before by us declared 
in this forme, 'Ego Thomas Peacocke etc pronuncio hos vobis in 
socios' not naminge theme severally e, whereof one of theme viz. 
Hyndmer was bothe fellowe and scoller of Christ colledge borne in 
Westmerlande of whiche countreye they have chosen before one 
Cragge to y® colledge and ys there yet for the same countrye; and two 
cannot be by the statute of one contreye, capite nono. 

The sixt, for y* y'' master suffred theme to be present and to geve 
voyces, that had no interest so to do; as first M^'Meye ys no fellow 
which we do thus declare : 

The saide M"" Meye about Aprill 1557 freelye resigned his 
fellowshippe or rowme in the colledge and the same was declared to 
the fellowes and acceptid of them, and so he counted and reputid 
himsellfe no fellowe and came nether to j" colledge nor commins a 
certan tyme; yet, contrary e to this, intrudid and intrude himselffe 

18 



274 

withoute sufficient authorytye to be fellowe in the same place and 
roume beinge once no fellowe. 

Item the statute byndetbe all tbe fellowes to departe ther fellow- 
sbippe imperpetuum yjost annum suse promotionis capite 8° : M'' Meye 
promoted asked had and enjoyed annum suae promotionis, yet not- 
■witbstandinge bis otbe and the statute be intrudytbe bimself for a 
fellowe still. 

Item the late visitors, wbicbe favored tbe said M' Meye and bis 
otber fellowes well for tbeire stoute accusacon as some of beresye and 
callinge otber scismaticall and favoringe beretykes, otber suspectid of 
beresye for not subscribinge, in wbose autboritye M' Meye in tbese 
controversies placetb all his warrantes, pronounced him no fellowe in 
case he sboulde plaie at cardes or dyse, which notwithstandinge be hath 
done accordinge to his used custome ever since ; therfore no fellowe 
ipso facto by these words of there injunctions. 

Item the statute capite duodecimo pronouncethe him expelled ipso 
facto in perpetuum, beynge bowcer and after bis accompte kepithe in 
handes above x? of tbe colledge moneye; bud be kept after bis 
accompte in bis handes Ij" and bathe kept tbe same frome tbe colledge 
these iij yeares and dothe yet kepe xlviij": therfore no fellowe. 

Item the statute capite decimo saethe that be that lyethe oute of 
tbe colledge after tbe thirde leynge forthe shalbe no fellowe; and 
M"" Meye bathe leyne owte (God knoethe howe oft) bud above iij 
tymes : shalbe proved ergo no fellowe. 

Item tbe statute probibitetbe the receavinge of anye previlegge 
or dispensacion: contrary e to tbe statute capito 8 M'' Meye vouchetbe 
the late visitors not by ordre of the statute to restore him bud by 
previlege or dispensacion, elles be ys no fellowe beynge once none or 
be ys periured receyvinge tbe dispensacion, and tberfor no fellowe. 

Item M Hawssope was ther presente, which is undre the same 
statute beforerebersid for Ij'^inge oute of tbe colledge, as he dothe to 
ofte at M'' Gilles, as well the good man beynge frome home as when he 
ys : more of his unworthye bebavioure beynge impertinente to this 
present causse shalbe declared in tymeand place convenient, bycause 
by statute be ought to be for them deprivid, rather then by the 
wordes of the statute alreadye deprivid. 

Item M' Gardyner was there present, a notoriouse diffamer of the 
fellowes of Christes colledge by open libelles, he beyng scboller ther, 
and for suche manors most fittest for there factiouse purpose, having 
no good quality e, was by theme thruste fellowe into the colledge : he 



275 

liaithe so ofte leyne owte bothe at one baskett makers and other 
blinde and unsemelye places and plaid at cai'des and dyse hole 
nightes, that we belyve he cannot be called a fellowe of the coUedge, 
and we think he takethe himselfe so, for we never se him in the 
colledge bud against busynesse nether holyedaie nor workdaie. 

And moreover he ys a comon talecarier and a shamefuU sclaun- 
derer and evell reporter of men, verye unquiet to lyve withall when 
he ys in the colledge and for his audacitye able to be compared with 
the best of theme. 

Item M"" Sherebroke was there present, who hathe leyne oute of 
the colledge above the tyme lymitted him by the statute the space 
off vj wekes, practisinge of hirasellfe in servinge of a cure, not doynge 
his duetye in the colledge nor at the colledge, but at a pinche 
to manetene sectes : therfore no fellowe. 

As for Sir Huet whiche was also theire, we rather lamente his 
case then anye elles, becausse he lost all at the cardes, yet upon hope 
or trust he plaethe still at Katerynne Hall and other wheres; he also 
ought to have bene prest or this by the statute. 

Item there was one Sir Cragge there present, lerned as the reast, 
which was undowbtlye borne in a towne called Dente in Yorkshyre 
and had a brother borne their and electid to the colledge before for 
the said shire off Yorke, yet bicause of towardenes to the purposes, 
contrarje to the othe and the statute electid hym fellowe, the saide 
Sherebroke beyng before of Yorkshire in the colledge, ergo never 
fellowe by the 'statute. 

Other enormities of maners and intollerable breache of 
statutes by them we do not purpose nowe to trouble your 
wysedomes withall, becausse theye are not all together 
properlye appendent to this causse of election for tyme and 
place yf occasion be geven the hole evell regiment of the 
colledg with the breache of statutes as well by the saide 
m"" as by the forenamed his evell counsellours shalbe de- 
clared, and proved desyring of (these premisses beyng 
sufficientlye proved) justyce and reformacion at your wor- 
shippes hands. 

Objections against suche as theie have chosen : 

Sir Hyndmer one elected by theme a comon player at dyse or cardes 
andtherbye the better acquanted with theme and specially e with Gar- 
dyuer, with whome he hathe bene in a maner contynuallye at cardes 

18—2 



1 



276 



or dyse at the basketmakers and other places where theye use the said 
exercyse. 

Item the reporte of him in Christes college y s, that he ys un- 
lemed, for that he never kept their so muche as his owne probleame 
nor anye other exercyse, as others do of his place and tyme. 

Item the comon reporte ys that he hathe landes to the value 
off x" by yeare, which cannot stande with our statute. 

Item the said Hyndmer was by theme nominated and billed for 
Comberlande and for that shire by theme electid, wheras he hath 
bene bothe scoller and fellowe for Westmerlande 'in Christes 
coUedge' (margin) and so confessethe himselffe still to be, bud that 
thei for there purpose wolde have him to denye his contreye. 

Item one Sir Welles butler of Penbrokhall was by them elected, 
whiche ys reportid bothe in the said housse and otherwhere to be a 
verye stubbornne unquyet quarrellinge and chydinge fellowe, whiche 
as yt ys lyke for these his good qualityes was preferred at the sute 
and request of M' Gyrlington and m"" Yonge, beynge grete compa- 
nyons and familiers with M'' Meye M" Haussop and M' Gardyner. 

Item one Sir Harnesse of Sant Johns was also electid lykwyse by 
theme, of whome as yet we have asked or lerned verye lytle, savinge 
that he ys reported to be unlerned and preferred by Sir Huet and 
Sir Cragge, whose qualyties and affections we do well knowe. 

(MS. Parker, cxviii. no. 24. p. 415. b.) 
Moreover the said Mr hathe so borne with these his accom- ', 
plices, that for their sake he hathe sufferid theyr muche commendid ; 
frende M' Thomas Lete not only to have of the colleadge x" , 
more then his lande was worthe by our estimation which was ap- i 
poyntid to vewe the landes he soldo to the colleadge, and as the 
truthe is by any mans judgement that knowethe the matter, but also j 
sufferithe the said M"" Thomas Lete to retaine in his handes of the iii 
colledge money vj" which the said M"" moved us to consent to the i' 
remittinge therof, to whom allso at M"" Hawsoppes pleasure the said ; 
M' have gyven certayn of the colleadge woode under pretence, that it j| 
is a custome to geve allways the colleadge woode to all copiholders to | 
buylde what they would therwith. I 

As concerning -other brechys of the statutes by our m"^ I 
and his evyll regiment, because we canne not tell whether J 
they fully appertayne to his appellacon ; we will not treble 
yovir woorshipes withall at this tyme, reservinge them to 
place and tyme more conveniant. 



277 

4. 

Draft of letter from Sir William Cecil to M'' Pecocke, 

president of Queens' college... March 1558-9. 
(Public Record Office, Domestic Elizabeth, vol. iii. no. 31.) 

Et litteras tuas quae mihi a tuis datee sunt, perlegi, et reliqua 
tua scripta quse ad me afFerebantur, diligenter evolvi, audivi etiam 
eos qiios inisisti ad me, quorum ex sermone de tota hac causa certior 
fieri cupiebam. Verum neque scriptis litteris tuis neque sermone 
eorum sic milii ea res exposita est, ut putarim mea sententia hoc 
tempore definiendam. Quamobrem ne vel statuti vestri mens et 
sententia Isedatur, vel alius quisquam debito suo commodo careat, de- 
crevi exemplum defuncti Episcopi Wintoniensis Cancellarii vestri 
hac in parte sequi (see p. 255), neque hunc hominem, de quo nunc con- 
ten ditis, esse adhuc in societatem vestram admittendum, neque vobis, 
ad novos quoscumque eligendos, donee ego de hac re sententiam meam 
interjDonam, ulterius esse procedendum, atque hanc voluntatem meam 
reliquis ejus collegii consociis cupio imprimis a te significari, Csete- 
rum si quid tibi aut illis supersit adhuc, quod mihi hactenus non 
exposuistis, quo hec caussa fieri potest apertior, volo id, ornatissimis 
viris et mihi sane charissimis, Domino Vicecancellario et Doctori 
Parkero, a vobis quamprimum aperiri : qui id mihi suis litteris 
referent, ut et mature hsec causa et ex aequo et bono possit ter- 
minari. 

Marche 1558. To the Master of 

Queues College in Cambridge 

and the felowes. 
To the master of Christs college 

There seems to have been a controversy at Christ's college 
as to the qualification of fellows : this draft may from its 
i double indorsement have been intended to serve for letters to 
jboth Queens' college and Christ's college. 

Of these possible letters the one to the master of Christ's 
college exists in MS. Parker cxviii. p. 414 (now p. 407). It is 
nearly identical with the above draft and continues: 

Bene vale. Ex Aula xxij° Marcii 1558. 

To my very loving flfrend Collegio vestro valde addictus 
the M' of Christes college Gul. Oecilius. 
in Cambridge. 



1 



278 



It is however addressed : 
To the right worshipful! 
M^ Doctor Parker. 

5. 
Sir William Cecil to Dr Porye, Dr Parker and Mr Leedes, ap- 
pointing them arbitrators between the two parts of the society 
of Queens' college, 21 March 1558-9. 
(MS. Parker cxviii. no. 22. p. 411 — 12, the address being p. 
416. a. Draft at Public Kecord Office, Domestic Elizabeth, 
vol. iii. no. 38.) 
Quoniam absum ipse Academia, neqiie per cgeteras occupationes 
meas, quod vos scitis, vacare mihi his rebus licet, non putavi alienura, 
qufe ipse, propter absentiam, procurare non possum, vicaria in illis 
opera vestra qui presentes estis et diligentia uti. In quo peroppor- 
tune accidit, vos mihi hoc tempore dari, quibus banc caussam com- 
mittendo, academise curam quse mihi credita est, non modo non 
negligere, sed optimam ejus rationem habere, videri possum. Contentio 
nescio quse de electione quadam inter prsefectuna CoUegii Reginse et 
socios quosdam ejusdem proximis his diebus exorta est. Huic 
sedandse meam operam utraque pars multis verbis imploravit. 
Ego vero neque per absentiam possum, neque per negotia licet mihi, 
de hac re cognoscere. Nolo tamen committere propter earn spem, 
quam academia apud me deposuit, ut aut innocentia alicujus injuste 
opprimatur, aut audacia videatur defendi. Quapropter optimum 
esse duxi, huic caussse vos dare cognitores, quos scio et propter soler- 
tiam vestram posse, et velle etiam propter bonitatem, eam ita statuere, 
ut et Academia sibi pacem peperisse, et hij, qui litigarunt, justitiam 
consecuti videantur. Dedi seorsum literas ad utramque partem 
quibus significavi sententiam illis in hac eaussa a vobis esse expec- 
tandam. A vobis igitur magnopere contendo, ut et istam litem 
diligenter audiatis, et quid in ea decernendum putetis, mihi per 
literas vestras mature velitis renunciare. Bene valete. Ex Aula 
xxj°. Marcij 1558. 

Amicus eharis. 
Gvil: Cecilius, 
To myn assured loving friends 
Mr Doctor Porye vicechauncelor 
of thuniversitie of Cambridg 
[Mr] D. Parker and Mr Edward 
Leeds. 



279 



6. 



Sir Th. Smith to Dr Poiye, Dr Parker and Mr Leedes, 

21 March 1558-9. 

(MS. Parker cxviii. no. 23. p. 413.) 

Aegerrfme qixidem fero quod in eo collegio in quo primxim educa- 
tus et quasi (ut ita dicam) fere natus fuerirn, hse sunt exortse contro- 
versise, per quas (si quidem leges et statuta collegii fuerint non ad 
^equum et bonum, sed ad jus strictum exactse) alteram necesse est 
partem exactum iri. Sed id me rursus consolatur, quod ad vos (ut 
audio) refertur causa tota, qui coraponere potius per sequitatem quam 
ad extremum earn intorquere velitis. Quid sentiam in tota causa 
Gasconus amicus mevis, qui idem et leges ac statuta nostri collegii 
novit optime, potest narrare. Vos oro ut sequum bonumque sec- 
tantes, id spectetis quod collegium illud non imminuere sed authori- 
tate vestra possit augere. Bene valete. Londini xxj°. Martii Anno 
regni Elizabethse prime. 



Amicus Yester 

T. Smithus 



To the right worship- 
full and my levying 
ffreends M' Doctor 
Porie vicechancellor of 
Cambridge M"" Doctor 
Parker and M'. 
Leedes. 



Sir William Cecil to the president and fellows of Queens' college. 
Draft, undated. Answer to no. 1. 

(Public Eecord Office, Domestic Elizabeth, vol. iii. no. 36.) 

Accepi litteras vestras scriptas ad me vj° (sic) Martii, ex quibus 
dissentiones quasdam vobis cum reliquis illius collegii vestri conso- 
ciis ortas esse, et intelligo et doleo. Quid est enim minus audiendum, 
quam homines bonas litteras profitentes pacem et concordiam, qua 
una litterse pmnes maxime florere solent, non tueri ? Cum legerem 



280 

ea quse scripsistis ad me et nuntium etiam vestrum in eadem re con- 
venirem, videbantur illi raihi, a quibus in electione vestra provoca- 
tum est, non pamm certe reprebendendi. Etenim. quum vestris 
litteris multum tribuerim, turn ita semper judicavi, pro statutis et 
publicis illis collegii vestri decretis, esse sentiendum. Quae quidem 
si ab illis Isedi, a vobis vero diligenter observari, liquere mibi bis 
litteris vestris omnino potuisset, et vos merito laudassem, et illos 
ut oportuit, jiista reprebensione fuissem prosecutus. Antequam sta- 
tnissem apud me, quid in liac causa vobis responderem, supervenit 
unus ex illis, qui adversas partes tuentur, quern etiam, ut erat 
sequum, se suosque defendentem audire non recusavi. Is et lit- 
teris quas dedit mihi a suis, et sermone etiam suo, fecit banc 
causam mihi ad cognoscendum aliquanto difficiliorem. Quamobrem 
tutissimum esse existimavi rem universam quorundam bominum cog- 
nitioni, qui apud me fidei sunt, apud vos vero autboritati esse 
debent, committere qui auditis et vestris et eorum rationibus, possint 
aut controversiam banc componere aut mihi significare quid in ea 
sentiant faciendum. Ei rei venerabiles viros et mihi valde (sic) 
Doctorem Porye Academise Vicecancellarium, Doctorem Parkar, 
et Edwardum Leedes, arbitros designo. Quibus vos, sicut vestri 
adversarii facient, causae vestrse rationes et firmamenta ita expo- 
netis rogo, ut illis, quid in ea re decern endum sit, certo possit con- 
stare. In quo vos, et hortor et moneo, ut quod ab illis in ista lite 
statuetur, in eo velitis libenter acquiescere. 



i 



Sir William Cecil to the minority of the society of Queens' college. 
Draft, undated. Answer to no. 2. 

(Public Record Office, Domestic Elizabeth, vol. iii. no. 37.) 

Legi litteras vestras quas dedistis ad me 17. Martii. In qui- 
bus collegii vestri Prsefectum et consocios quosdam vestros acerbe 
et graviter accusatis. Utcumque enim bsec res ab illis acta est, a 
vobis erat aut dissimulanda injuria, aut justitia modeste et humili- 
ter postulanda. Etenim quum tarn acriter contendatis, neque adver- 
sariorum causam quidquam minuitis, et vestram interim litem pene 
mihi suspectam facere videmini. Quominus vos, in hac causa, contra 



281 

prsefectum socios audivissem, nisi vellem et innocentiam imprimis 
tueri, et audaciee si qupe forte concepta esset, occurrere. Et quo- 
niam absum ipse vobis, neque per littei-as vestras liquido mihi constat 
quid sit in hac controversia statnendum, dedi huic liti arbitros 
ornatissimos viros Doctores Porye et Parker, et Magistrum Edward- 
um Leedes. Quibus omnem vestram causam manifeste apei'ietis, 
ut eorum sententia tota haec contentio quse inter vos est tandem 
componatur. Quod autem illi decernendum ea in re duxerint, id 
a vobis imprimis et recipi et probari volo. 



9. 

William Day to Dr Parker, 22 March 1558-9. 
(MkS. Parker cxviii. no. 18. p. 393-4.) 

Sir, 

As I have ben a meane to procure you some busynes by my 
master which you shall perceyve by his Ires to you, so I am bolde to 
trowble you my selfe with theis my Ires, Desyering you most hartely 
in the preceding to the determinacion of this mattier committed to 
you with others, you will have special! regard of the state of thuni- 
versitie now (as you know) sore decayed, who is like (if suche eleccons 
maye go forward as the masters will now attempt) to be pestered with 
suche a nombre as she shall rather take harme of than honestie. 
I moved my m' for a generall staye for a tyme, the which thing he 
liked well, but yt was somewhat to late. And therfore in this 
cause I have declared to him the condition of the parties on both 
sydes, which he partely before understode, and therefore at my 
motyon or rather of his owne mynde he thought good contrarie to 
the desyer both of M' Smyth and the partie for whom I am enformed 
he wryteth to you for to take this ordre therin. As for M' Smyth he 
is the rather offended for that he was not desyered on the other syde 
to be an help. I have talked with him in this mattier at large and 
have burdened him with the disorder that of late hath ben and yet 
remayns, wherein he cannot muche gainsay e me. I cannot wryte 
all that I would for lacke of tyme and multitude of busynes, wher- 
fore breifiy I commend unto you the state of thuniversitie as I said 
which woule be reformed, thinclinacion of my masters mynde 
which yet goeth not from justice, and my small request which is 



282 1 

grownded not of the parties themselves, but uppon that knowledge I 
have of the condicion of them both. And thus I bid you most 
hartely fare well. From the courte the xxij* of March 1558. 

Yours to command 

WiLLM Dey, 



To the right worshipfull 
M' Doctor Parker. 



1 



10. 

Sir William Cecil to Mr Pecocke, 28 April 1559. 
(MS. Parker cxviii. no. 26. p. 415.) 

After my hartie commendacions. Understanding by sir Thomas 
Smyth and Doctor May my frends somewhat more of the estate of 
your colledge and the statutes therof, who bothe for the good will 
they beare to the colledge hath ben sutors to me for the matter, and 
for the tyme they have ben there and the rule they have borne there, 
do best knowe theffecte of your statutes, I have moved the Queues 
highnes herin that for so muche as the eleccon of the fellowes is 
past and (as I can learne by them whom I take to be best sene in 
the statutes of the colledge) not against your ordres there, hir high- 
nes hath declared unto me, that it is not hir pleasur to staye their 
admission, partely because the inhibition did only extend to eleccons 
not then made, and partely because hir highnes favoring thencrease 
of learning wold be loth that the poore schollers elected shold be 
longer diflferred from their stipend and commons due imto them, 
which they shall lacke untill they be admitted. And therfore if 
their be no other cawse, ye shall precede to the admission of them 
according to your statutes, anye restrainte or inhibition to the con- 
trarie notwithstanding. Having in mynde this that as hir highnes 
is so well mynded to learning as never prynce was more, se that you 
w* your prayers and good conformitie do shew yourself again not 
unmyndfull of your duetie to God and to hir Ma*'^. Eare ye well. 
From the courte the xxviij* of Aprill 1559. 

To my loving frende mr Pecocke 
the mr of Quenes college iu Cabrige. 



283 



11. 

Sir William Cecil to Dr Parker. 5 May 1559. 
(MS. Parker cxviii. no. 21. p. 409-10.) 

After my very hartie commendations. Foras muclie as I am 
credibly informed that the two young men lately chosen to be 
ffellowes in the Quenes Colledge be both forward in learning and also 
well mynded in the service of God, so as by their admission into the 
same howse our common cause of relligion shall no whitt be impaired 
or hindred, and for that also I understand by Sir Thomas Smith that 
Mr Pecocke nowe president of the said colledg is fully mynded to 
gyve over his interest and title in the same to Doctor Mey, (which thing 
I like very well), I have therfore sent downe my letters for their 
admission accordingly. And to th'intent that as in the beginning of 
this matter I made you partaker of the paynes for the understand- 
ing therof, so finally to participate with you the determinacion of 
the same, I have sent you a copie of the said letters inclosed herin, 
whereby you shall perceyve what I have done therin. I doubt not 
but as the younge men by their admission shall thinke themselves 
benefited, so shall thother parte who moved some dowbte therin, by 
chaunging of the master, avoide all suche inconveniences as was sup- 
posed wold have insued, and they all together henceforth lyve in 
more quiet than hitherto they have don. 

And thus I bid you hartely farewell. From the court the v*^ 

day of May 1559. 

Youre assured loving frend 

W. Cecill. 

To my assured loving 
frend M' Doctor 
Parker. 

Mr Dale and Mr Harwarde seem to have iDeen removed from 
their fellowships, the latter on the feast of St Mary Magdalene. 
Dale continued a recusant (Cooper, Ath. i. 212), but Harwarde 
conformed to the changes in religion : in Oct. he became rector 
of St Clement Danes, Westminster, and died in 1589 canon of 
Windsor. 

The following notices in the bursars' book refer to this affair : — 

1558-9. fo. 259 b. [March 1558-9]. Expensa facta per magistros 



284 

Meye et Gardiner ad Londinura pro electione et admissione 
sociorum ex mandato presidentis xlviij\ viij*. 

Item m™ Meye iterum eqtiitanti ad Londinum pro eadera re. ex 
mandato magistri xviij'. 

Item pro expensis propriis (m" Harwarde thesaur.) Londini ex 
mandato magistri circa admissionem sociorum xiij^ viij^ 



The number of students matriculated from the year 1552 
to 1561 inclusive was very small, viz. only 66; before 1552 
the matriculations were about twice, and after 1561 nearly 
three times the average of those 9 years. 



In the bursar's accounts of this presidentship we find the 
following miscellaneous items: — 

III. M. J. 1557-58, fo. 248. b. [Oct.]. Item consumptum est in 
vino et potu in proclamatione pro pace iiij''. 

fo. 249. b. Item mro Harwarde pro concione vj^ viij^ 

Item eidem pro altera concione apud Over vjl viij^ 

fo. 250. b. Item insumptum in lectione statutorum in conver- 
sione sancti Pauli xviij*. 

fo. 252. b. Item in samptum apud pyras in festo S. Joannis 

Bapt xviij**. 

(Similar items for St Peter's day and St Thomas of Canter- 
bury's day.) 

1558-59, fo. 257. b. Item m™ Sherebrucke ex consensu sociorum 
equitanti ad magistrum x^ 

fo. 258. Item collectori regise Majestatis ex consensu socio- 
rum v^ 

fo. 258. b. [Jan.]. Insumptum post adventum prsesidis a Lon- 
dino in vino et cibo xxiij'. 

fo. 260. [Apr.]. Item pro Hgno caseo vino et pomis in proclama- 
tione pro pace iiij^ 



285 



Mllliam M^^ (restored) 

.•May(?) 1559—8 Aug. 1560. 

1—2 Eliz. 




TKE as in queen Mary's reign, 
the reforming heads of houses 
elected or appointed under Ed- 
ward VI. made way for adherents 
of the unreformed faith by resig- 
nation or expulsion, so now the 
principles of the reformation find- 
ing support in queen Elizabeth 
and her parliament, similar 
changes took place, though in 
the opposite direction, and the 
masterships of colleges were filled 
with men well affected to the new order of things. At Queens', 
as we have seen, Thomas Pecocke resigned, and Dr Mey re- 
covered quiet possession of his mastership. 

He is by most authorities represented as having been forced 
to go abroad at the accession of queen Mary to save himself 
from the persecution of that reign, and as not having returned 
to England till her death. This was the tradition in the col- 
lege as early as 1620, as Dr Mansel, then president, writes in 
the 'Old Parliament Register' (fo. 123. b.) : ' Steviente a ponti- 
ficiis vivi-comburio, coactus est secedere in partes transmarinas, 
anno circiter 1553.' Downes in his life of Mey, prefixed to his 
edition of Sparrow's Rationale (8vo. 1722) says: 'In the first 



286 

year of queen Mary he was ejected out of the deanery of St 
Paul's, and stripped of all his other preferments. Where he 
concealed himself during her bloody reign, and how he escaped 
the dreadful persecution,^ I cannot find.' Neither Dr Mansell's 
statement, nor Downes' fears, had any foundation in fact. Strype 
(Ann. Yol. i. ch. 2) with more truth mentions Doctors Mey, 
Parker, and Bill, as ' all under king Edward, heads of the uni- 
versity of Cambridge, but cashiered by queen Mary, and re- 
maining obscurely in England in her reign.' Dr Parker seems 
to have been in some danger, having to escape on one occasion 
by night (he says) 'from such as sought for me to my peril' 
(Cooper, Ath. i. 329), but Dr Bill 'lived in retirement at San- 
dey, not far from Ashwell' (in Hertfordshire, where his family 
was settled), 'where I find him consulted, and a civil answer 
returned by him to the master and fellows' (Baker, History of 
St Johns College). Dr Mey would appear to have been allowed 
a similar peaceable retirement, though he certainly lost his 
deanery and the mastership. He must have conformed, to a 
certain extent, with the changes in religion, as he seems to have 
retained his canonry at Ely (Bentham, Ely 247), and in 1557 
he became rector of Pulham Norfolk (Browne Willis, Ely 381), 
and of Stanton St Michael Cambridgeshire, on 3 Dec. 1557. 
In bishop Thirleby's register (MS. Baker xxx. 222) we find : 

3 Dec. 1557, idem Commissarius [Tho. Yale, LL.I).] admisit 
venerabilem virum Magistrum Willelmuin Meye, LD. ad ecclesiam 
de Stanton Sancti Michaelis per mortem ultimi incumbentis ejusdem 
vacantem, et ipsum instituit in persona Johannis Redman. 

(His brother, John Meye (B.A. 1549-50, M.A. 1553, D.D. 
1564), was rector of the same church on 28 Jan. 1560-1, when 
the bishop of Ely made a return of the clergy of his diocese to 
archbishop Parker (MS. Baker xxvii. 198). He continued rector 
till some time before 18 March 1571-2, when William Plow- ' 
grave, M.A. was instituted on his resignation. He was in- 
stituted to the rectory of Aston Sandford Bucks., on the pre- 
sentation of Anne countess of Oxford, 16 Nov. 1557, and this 
he resigned before 9 March 1558 (1558-9) (Lipscombe, Bucks. 
i. 47), probably on his becoming master of St Catharine's hall.) 



287 

This seems partly confirmed by the fact of his not appearing 
among the exiles in Germany and Switzerland, since so zealous a 
reformer as the dean of St Paul's would scarcely have sunk there 
into complete obscurity. (See also Strype's Life of Sir Thomas 
Smith, ch. vii., where he is mentioned as not among the exiles 
in the last reign.) He could also not have resided very far from 
Cambridge, as the expense of a journey to him was not great. 
III. M. J. 1556-57, fo. 242. b. Dedit M-" Dale famiilo D. Mey 

proferenti Vetera statuta vj**. 

1557-58, fo. 252 [shortly before Midsvimmer 1558]. Item pro 
expensis propriis in equitando ad D. Maye in negotiis col- 

legii xyj **• 

Dr William Mey seems moreover to have had rooms in 
college in the years 1555 and 1558 : 

III. M. J. 1554-55, fo. 227. b. [March]. Item Jacobo de Copte- 
hall (near Waltham, Essex) pro albifactione graduum 
cubiculi mri Doctoris (written in full) and whiting the 

cliimeni xij'*. 

The ' cubiculum D. Mey' is mentioned also fo. 232 [Aug.], and 
fo. 232. b. [Sept.]. 

1557-58, fo. 250, Item scopanti cubiculum D. Maye vj*. 

[Dec. or Jan.]. Item pro clavi ad cubic. D. Maye et reparatione 

sere xij^ 

Dr Mey was one of the seven divines, who with sir Thomas 
Smith were appointed to revise the Prayer-book of Edward VI. 
previous to its being re-enacted by the parliament. This they 
did in April 1559. 




|E have seen that, on 5 May 1559, Mr Pecocke was 'fully 
minded to give over his interest and title' in the college 
to Dr Mey, and the latter was probably soon afterwards 
replaced in the mastership. Dr Walker's MS. says 1 July. 
III. M. J. 1558-59, fo. 260. b. Magistro Pecoke ex consensu 

magistri et sociorum iiij". 

On St John Baptist's day, 24 June 1559, the use of the 
Prayer-book of 1552, with a few alterations, became obligatory 
by the act of uniformity (Stat. 1 Eliz. c. 2). 

At London, Dr Henry Cole the dean of St Paul's under 



288 

queen Mary (elected 11 Dec. 1556) gave place to Dr Mey, appa- 
rently on 11 June : 

'June the 11 th being St Barnabas day [1559] tlie Apostles' 
mass ceased, and no mass was said any more at St Paul's... 
and now Dr Mey, sometime dean of St Paul's, took possession 
of his place in the church as dean: and that afternoon was none 
of the old evensong then, and so abolished.' (Strype, Annals, 
Vol. I. ch. xi. p. 134, ch. xv. p. 192.) 

Le Neve (ed. Hardy, ii. p. 315-6) gives 23 June as the day of 
Mey's restoration, but in queen Elizabeth's commission for the 
visitation of the university dated 20 June 1559 he is described 
as dean of St Paul's (Lamb's Camh. Doc. 275-8), which seems 
to confirm Strype' s statement. 

On 20 Sept. 1559 Dr Cole delivered over to Dr Mey several 
books belonging to the cathedral, among which were the follow- 
ing: a book of statutes and ordinances of the new grammar 
school of St Paul's, a book entitled ' Statutes used in dean 
Colet's days,' a book entitled ' Liber visitationis Joan. Coleti, 
Decani Ecclesise Sancti Pauli, Londini, sub anno Dom. 1506,' 
a book written on parchment of certain statutes collected by 
dean Colet, being bound in board and covered with black 
leather. (Dugdale, St Paul's, 28 b.; Strype, Parser, B. ii. ch. 2.) 

The visitation of the diocese of London began about 18 
June, that of St Paul's 11 Aug. (Strype, Ann. i. 167 ff.) 

In Alex. Nowell's sermon before the queen at the opening of 
parliament 11 Jan. 1563 among Nowell's works published by 
the Parker -Society (p. 229), he speaks of 'your almoner' as 
lately dead, and in a note we read, ' Dr Mey archbishop of York 
elect.' This seems to be wrong, as Dr Bill was appointed chief 
almoner very soon after the accession of Elizabeth, and held 
that office at Dr Mey's death, whom he survived, dying 15 July 
1561 (Cooper, Ath. i. 211). 

Dr Mey was one of the commission appointed 20 June 1559 
for visiting the university, and of that issued 20 Oct. following 
to take the oaths of ecclesiastics. 

On 6 Dec. 1559 the queen issued her commission to Anthony 
Kitchen bishop of Llandaff", and others, to consecrate Dr Mat- 
thew Parker as archbishop of Canterbury. This bears the at- 



289 

testation of Dr Mey and others ' of the chiefest civilians in those 
times,' that it was of sufficient force for that purpose (Lemon, 
State Papers, Dom. Series 1547-80, p. 143; Strype, Parker, 
B. ii. ch. 1). The archbishop elect constituted him (7 Dec.) one 
of his proctors to William Barlow, heretofore bishop of Bath 
and Wells, and the other bishops, who were the queen's com- 
missioners, for his (Dr Parker's) consecration, to do and act all 
things for him before them. Dr N. Bullingham (Cooper, Ath. 
i. 350) however was the acting proxy at the confirmation at the 
church of St Mary-le-bow on 9 December. 



In the year 1560 Dr Mey was nominated to the archbishopric 
of York, having been ])roposed for that see apparently before 
6 June (Lemon, State Pajjers, 154). Sir W. Cecil wrote to sir 
W. Petre on 4 June 1560: 'I pcrceyve grete lack hereaway of a 
Bishopp of York. I think if yow wold move her Majesty, she 
wold pass the congee d'Esl3'er for Dr Maye; suerly the sooner it be 
doone the better.' (Haynes, State Papers [Burghley Papers], p. 323.) 
He died on the very day of his election 8 Aug. 1560. He 
was buried on the 12th in the choir of St Paul's cathedral, and 
Dr Edmund Grindal bishop of London, one of his executors, 
preached his funeral sermon. 

- Of his monument there is no description extant, the inscrip- 
tion on it has been preserved by Dugdale (St Paul's 63). 

En eecubat tumulo Gulielmus Meyius isto. 
Qui sacra bis in hag ^de Decanus erat. 

Cantabriam teneris petiit studiosus ab annis, 
Ingenium ingenuis artibus excoluit. 

Clarum Doctorem Juris prudentia fecit, 
Pectore qui miti charus ubique fuit. 

Factus Eboracus forte Archiepiscopus idem est, 
' QuEM fungi officio fata proterva vetant. 

Attulit h^c mortem, qvjE vix concessit honorem, 

MaLUIT AC FIERI Pr^SUL ADIRE POLUM. 
ASPICE QUAM REBUS SIT SORS INCERTA CADUCIS ! 
En ! PETE QU^ NULIiO SINT PERITURA DIE. 

Obiit An. Verbi Incarnati 1560, 8 die Augusti. 

19 



290 

His age is not recorded; but if he came to Cambridge young, 
as he had resided seven years in the university in 1526, he could 
not have been much more than fifty five years old. 



Dr W. Mey was a married man, his wife being Joan Wal- 
ron the widow of Dr Heynes, his predecessor in the mastership. 
She survived him also. 

III. M. J. 1559-60, fo. 272, Aug, 1560. Item insiimebatur 
in vino, zitlio et aliis, cum aderat relicta doctoris Mey cum 
suis , ij^ 

By her he had two children, a son William and a daughter 
Elizabeth, who married John Tedcastel of Barking, Essex, and 
by whom she had nine sons and seven daughters. She died 
27 Oct. 1596, aged 43, and was buried at Barking, where is a 
monumental brass to the memory of her and her husband. It 
is engraved in 'Views by J. E. Malcom' intended as an appen- 
dix to Lysons' Environs of London. It represents the figures 
of the husband and wife standing, a coat of arms being between 
them. The inscription is as follows : 

Here under lieth y" bodies of John Tedcastle Gent and Elizabeth 
his wyfe daughter of william Mey Doctor of Laws and had issue be- 
tweene them ix sonnes and vii daughters. The said Elizabeth de- 
ceased the 27 of October an° 1596 at y^ 43 yeare of her age. The 
said John deceased y^ . . . day of . . . an. ... in y^ ... of his age. 

Of her brother William no particulars are recorded. 

Her half-brother, Joseph Heynes, was buried in the same 
church (Lysons, Environs iv. 94). 

From Elizabeth Tedcastle's age, it would seem that Mrs 
Heynes did not long remain a widow; but when she married 
Dr W. Mey, what became of her during queen Mary's reign, or 
when she died, does not appear. 

John Tedcastle bought the manor or farm of Withfield 
(parcel of the possessions of the dissolved monastery of Barking) 
in 1598, and in 1604 conveyed it to John Aston (Lysons' En- 
virons, iiij. 79). 

Dr Mey's arms were: Sa. a fess arg. between three lions ] 
passant regardant, Or. 



291 

His will made on 7 Aug. 15G0, proved 6 May 1561, is pre- 
served in the principal registry (London) of H. M,'s Court of 
Probate (Loftes 16). It is as follows: 

In. the name of God amen. The vij"" daye of Auguste in the yere 
of ower Lorde God 1560 I Willm Mey Doctor of lawes deane of the 
cathedrall churche of Paules in London beinge ffeble and sicke in 
boddie but. of good memory and understandinge thankes be given to 
God, doe make and ordaine my laste will and. testamente in man- 
ner and forme followinge, ifirst comyttinge my soule to the infinite 
merce of God and my boddie yerthe to yerth. I will my fiineralle to 
be done and executed at the discression of my wyef myne execu- 
tors and supervisors. And I give to the pouertie to be distributed 
within vij dayes after my decease x" and to hym that shall preache 
at my buryall xP. Item I do give to Jone my wyef xx'' of lawful! 
monney. And I give my saide wyef all the monney plate vtencill 
lynnen and juells which she had when I married her or by Doctor 
Heynes her late husbande. And further I give her all my landes 
gardens howses closes and tennents in sainte Edmunds bury or any 
where elce within the Countie of Suff : untill my Children Willm 
or Elizabeth doe come to theire severell ages of xxj.tye. yeres. Also 
I give to the saide Jone my wyef all my closes and landes in Stan- 
ton in the Couutie of Cambridge. And I give her all my landes 
woodes and Tennements which I late purchased of Mr ffytzeffery in 
Cloppton in the Countie of Bedforde. Also I give my saide wyef all 
my landes meddowes and pastures in Mepole Sutton and Wickham 
within the He of Elye all which saide lands I doe give to my saide 
wyef untill Willm Mey my sonne or Elizabeth my doughter doe come to 
theire severall ages of xx*'^ yeres. And then I will my saide sonne Willm 
\ Mey to have all my saide landes to hym and to his heires for ev'. 
And yf he die w*houte heires of his boddie then I doe give all my 
saide landes to Elizabeth my doughter and to her heires of her boddie 
li for ever. And yf both my saide Children dye withoute laufull issue 
then I do give all my saide landes to Jone my wyef and her heires or 
! assignes for ever. Provided that yf my wyef myne executors and 
I supervisors do think best to sell my landes at Bury I will that they 
' shall sell hit to my neighbors at Bury yf they will have hit at xij 
yeres purchas payenge for hit threscore pouudes. Also yf my Wyfe 
myne Executors and Supervisors will sell my landes and wooddes 
, boughte in Bedforde, then I will the Queues Colledge in Cambridge to 



292 

have the prefermente of hit payeuge after xviij. yeres purchas. And 
yf the saide Oolledge in that case doe bye hit they to have of hit tenn 
acres of woodes stand inge and growinge ther uppon, so that they to 
prefer in the saide Oolledge one of my wy ves children or myne to a 
scollershipp in the saide Oolledge. And yf my wyef myne executors 
and supervisors doe sell my landes in the He of Elye that Lawrence 
Oharles have hit payenge for the saide lands xxx". Also j£ my saide 
wyef executors and Supervisors doe sell my lands at Stanton then the 
trynnetie halle in Cambridge to have the prefermente thereof payinge 
my wyef xx". Item I do give to Jone my wyef ij. silver pottes at 
her ellection. And I give her a dozen spoones gilted and also one 
bowle of silver one standinge pece of silver gilted withe a cover. 
Item one goblet. Item I give her ij. sraale cruses of silver at her 
elleccon and I doe give my saide wyef all my quicke cattail corne 
sheepe ridinge geldinges excepted. Item yf my saide wyef doe kepe 
and bringe upp my children I doe give her one hundred poundes. 
And further I give her a hundred pounds of that monney whiche 

Mr Thomas owethe my. Item I give my saide wyef thre 

score fiftene poundes more of the saide debte, yf she doe well bringe 
upp my children. The rest of the saide debtes being threscore fyf- 
tene pounds I do give to my children Willm Mey and Elizabeth Mey 
equally to be divided amongest them at theire age of xxi. yeres or 
theire marriage. Item I doe give my saide sonne Willm Mey a hun- i 
dreth marks more. And to Elizabeth my doughter I give a hundreth j 
poundes which I will shalbe paled unto them at their severall age of j 
xxi. yeres or theire marriage. Item all my plate not bequeathed in •, 
this my Testamente I give equaly to be divided betwixt my saide f 
children. Item to myne olde servaunte which I have not otherwyse I 
benifBted I give first to Willm Whi tinge my servaunte xx" To John !' 

Whitinge his brother xx*'. marks To Lawrence Oharleis Item to 

Willm Mason by cause I have otherwyse preferred hym I only give ,, 
vj'\ xiij'. iiij^ Item to Willmson my servaunte vj". xiij\ iiij^ To h 
Randall my servaunte x?. To Steven my cooke xP. Item I give to J 
Willm ffarrefax my servaunte v''. I give Margaret Merbecke my wy ves ji 
maide xx". marks and to Margaret Este xx*\ marks. Unto every one N 
of the rest of my maides xx'. a pece. I give Agnes Redman s}\ Pro- | 
vided that yf these legaces by me bequeathed to my servauntes cannot 
be performed withoute defalcacon of my wyves or my childrens 
porcons given them in this my will, that than at the discressions of 
my wyef and myne executors I will their legaces to be defalked to the 



293 

nioyety thereof. I give Willm "Whitiiige and Willm Masou my 
servaunts to either of them a geldinge. Item I give myne executors 
xxix'". whiche John Whitinge my brother in lawe oweth me, to be 
given by them to Willm Whitinge and John Whiting my servauntes. 
Item whereas my cosen Howe oweth me xiiij", I doe forgive her the 
half thei'eof, and the other half I doe give equally to be devided 
betwixte her children. Item I do give all manner of righte interest 
tytle or state that I or myne heire have or myghte have or claime iii 
the cittie or circute as hit is now distincted of the late suppressed house 
of the Whitefriers besides the queues Colledge in Cambridge to the 
saide Colledge for ev"". Item I give to Mr John Mey my nej^hew so 
mayny of my divinitie books as my wyef that thinke meete, Doctor 
Heynes books alwaies excepted, whiche I give to his sonnes Josef and 
Symon. Item I doe forgive all soche somes of monney as any of my 
kinsfolke doe owe me whiche I lente them at any time. Item I give 
all soche monney as Johnson owethe me to Josef Heynes Simon Heynes 
and Mary Heynes. Item the rest of my debts not bequeathed I give 
them equally to be divided betwixte Willm Mey and E. Mey my 
children at thage of xxi. yeres or their severall marriages. And 1 
make nominate and constitute executors of this my laste will and 
testamente to see the same faithfully executed to the meaninge there- 
of the reveret father Richarde [Cox] bishopp of Elye and Mr Hicharde 
Gooddricke esquire, either of them to have for theii* paines of my 
goodes only ten poundes a pece. And I substitiite to them suche as 
the survivor of them and my wyef shall thinke mete. And I nomy- 
nate to^ be Supervisors of this my will the reverente father Edmonde 
[Grindal] bisshoppe of London Mr John Mullens Archedeacon of lon- 
don-and Thomas Yale doctor of lawes. And to every of them I doe 
give for theire paines v". These witnes beinge of thys my laste will 
required to testiffy the same John Mullens Thomas Yale and other 
more. 

Sexto die mensis Mali Anno Domini millimo quingentesimo 
sexagesimo priuio Ema* comissio Johaime Mey als Walron 
Eelce supradicti defuncti ad administrand. bona et credita eiusdem 
def. ad viam intestati deceden. eo quod Rv'^"^ patr. diis Riclius Elien. 
Epus et Richus Goderycke armiger ex. noiati in testamento dicti 
defuncti ex certis causis etc. oneri execuconis dci. testamenti expresse 
I'enunciarunt de bene administrand. etc. juxta tenorem Testamenti 
etc. in debita iuris forma Jurat. 



294 

The executors are mentioned in the bursars' accounts 
III. M. J. 1558-59. [Aug.] Item allocatum est execiitoribiis 
doctoris Maye pro equis ejus iiij". 




|HE act of uniformity, which passed the two houses of 
parliament on 28 April 1559, prescribed the use of the 
Second Prayer-book of Edward VI., with certain alter- 
ations, from the feast of the Nativity of St John Baptist 24 
June next following. 

It does not appear that any changes in the Society were oc- 
casioned by this change in the form of divine worship. In the 
chapel however the altars were taken away and a communion 
table introduced. 

The visitation of the university began 17 Sept. 1559, but 
no detailed account of the proceedings has been preserved. The 
statutes of Queens' college and some other colleges were revised, 
while in King's college and elsewhere the authority of the 
visitors was resisted, and the old statutes remained unaltered 
(Cooper, ii. 157-8). At Queens' the statutes as revised under 
Edward VI. in 1549 were again established, and Dr Mey's sig- 
nature occurs to them together with those of the other visitors. 









In the college accounts we find the following items referring 
to this visitation: — 



295 

III. M. J. 1558-9. fo. 261. Expensa tempore visitatio- 
nis iiij". "viij". vij**. ob. 

fo. 261. b. Solutum pro expensis factis tempore visitatio- 
nis xxxviij^ ix**. 

Allocatum m""" Long worth (p. 260)ex mandato visitatorum iij". v"*. ob. 

1559-60, fo. 266, (Nov.) Item expensae m" Stokes equitantis 
Londinum ad deferendum librum statutorum a D°° Cardinali 
et in aliis negotiis collegii ad dominum Morley (Cooper, Ath. i. 
378), jussu prsesidis ut patet per billam xl vj*^. 

fo. 267. (Jan.) Item pro descriptione novorum statutorum xv\ iiij'*. 

Item pro papyro ad eundem librum statutorum conficiendum xij**. 

Item pro lineis ducendis in eundem librum xij**. 

Item pro coUigando libro statutorum viij**. 

Item traditum m""" Stokes vicepresidenti pro expensis factis Lou- 
dini in negotiis collegii videlicet, requirenti statuta a visitatori- 
bus et efficienti ut describantur, ut patet per billam xiij^ iiij**. 

fo. 270. Item mro Alsoppe pro expensis factis dum detulit 
Londinum ad presidem quedam collegii antiqua monumenta 
scripta, ut patet per billam xiiij^ v*^. 

fo. 270. b. Item pro charta et colligatione libri ad transcribenda 
visitatorum statuta vj*. 

Item pro colliganda alia cbarta in vetere libro statutorum col- 



legii. 



y" 



fo. 271. Item pro scapo cartas regiae ad colligandum novum 
librum pro novis statutis xij"*. 

Item pro colligatione ejusdem libri ij"*. 

fo. 271. b. Item pro transcribendis visitatorum statutis dedi 
[Johannes Igulden thes.] Rocreo iij% iiij**. 

The college was about this time very prosperous, and though 
they had recently purchased an estate at Eversden of Mr Leete 
for £60 (see p. 276), they had a large sum still in hand. The 
earl of Bedford offered some lands for sale; some of the fellows 
went to inspect some lands at Bozeat near Wellingborough 
Northamptonshire; a Mr Dabbes also was willing to sell land 
to the college. This was in the autumn of 1559. In Feb. 
1560 Mr Anthony Pope offered to the college the manor, ad vow- 
son and estate of Hockington near Cambridge, formerly belong- 
ing to Croyland Abbey, and this they soon purchased for £770. 



290 

III. M.J. 1557-58. fo. 251. b. [Mar.l] Item solutum mra Leete 
pro terris Ix". 

1559-60. fo. 265. [Oct.] Insumebatiir in duplici zitho et vino 
cum famulus comitis Bedfordise aderat afferens terras veiiales 
collegio viij**. 

Item pro expensis propresidis et mri Robynson equitantium ad 
supervidendas terras venales in Bozyate in comitatu Novtb- 
amj). vit patet per billam xvj\ viij*^. 

fo. 266. [Nov.] Item insumebatur in zitbo cibo et vino cum 
mr Dabbes aderat bio per duos dies expectans responsum 
emendi illius terras xviij^ 

fo. 267. b. [Jan.] Item insumebatur in vino et zitho quando 
mr Fitzjefferie Herfordiensis (p. 291) aderat proferens vendere 
sylvam collegio ij', 

1559-60. fo. 268. (Feb.) Item expensee magistrorum Stokes et 
Bobynson equitantium ad Hockington bis ut supervideant 
mri Pope terras et manerium collegio venale, ut patet per 
billam ix^ i*. 

fo. 268. b. Item expenses factse Londini a preside pro emptione 
manerii de Hockyngton 12 Febr. ut patet per billam scriptam 
manu famuli magistri iiij'\ xiiij". 

Item solutum per manus m'' Stokes clericis le chauncery pro 
transcribenda pactione inter collegium et mrum Antonium 
Pope facta de manerio de Hockyngton xxxviij^ 

Item pro expensis factis a nobis magistris Stokes Robynson Maye 
Iguld en Gardiner et aliis equitantibus Londinixm cum pecunia 
solvenda pro manerio de Hockington ut patet partieularitei' in 
billa examinata et probata viij". xiij^ vj"^. 

Item solutum mro Anthonio Pope in partem solutionis pro manerio 
de Hockington cccclxx". 

fo. 272. b. [Aug. 1560.] Item solutum executoribus doctoris Maye. 
pro expensis et expositis in emptione manerii de Hockington 
ut patet particulariter per billam xvij". xijl 

fo. 273. Item pro emptione manerii de Hockyngton ccc'V 



PUBLld*ATIONS 

OF THE 

CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 



QUARTO SERIES. 

NO. 

I. A Catalogue of the Original Library of St Catharine's 

Hall, 1475. By G. E. Cprrie, D.D. Is. 6d. 

II. Abbreviata Cronica. By J. J. Smith, M.A. 2s. 6d. 
III. An Account of the Consecration of Archbishop Parker. 

By J. Goodwin, B.D. 3^. 6d. 
IV. & V. Heraldry in illustration of University and Collegiate Anti- 
quities. By H. A. Woodham, M.A. 9s. 6d. 
VI. & VIII. A Catalogue of MSS. and scarce Books in St John's Col- 
lege Library. By M. Cowie, M.A. 9s. 
VII. A Description of the Sextry Barn at Ely, lately demo- 
lished. By Professor Willis, M.A. 3s. 
IX. Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages. By 
Professor WilliS;, M.A. (put 0/ print) 

X. Roman and Roman-British Remains at and near Shefford. 

By Sir Henry Dryden, Bart., M.A. 6s. 6d. 

XI. Specimens of College Plate. By J. J. Smith, M.A. 15s. 
XII. On the Materials of two Roman-British Sepulchral Urns. 

By Professor Henslow, M.A. 4s. 

XIII- Evangelia Augustini Gregoriana. By J. Goodwin, B.D. 
20s. 

!X.I V. Miscellaneous Communications. By Messrs A. W. Franks, 
C. W. Goodwin, and J. O. Halliwell. 15s. 

XV. An Historical Inquiry touching St Catherine of Alexan- 
dria, illustrated by a semi-Saxon Legend. By C. 
Hardwick, M.A. 12s. 



OCTAVO SERIES. 

I. Anglo-Saxon Legends of St Andrew and St Veronica. 

By C. W. Goodwin, M.A. 2s. 6d. 

II. Gr^co-Egyptian Fragment on Magic. By C. W. Goodwin, 

M.A. 3s. 6d. 

III. Ancient Cambridgeshire. By C. C. Babington, M.A 

- 3s. 6d. 

IV. History of Waterbeach. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 5s. 

V. Diary of E. Rud. By H. R. Luard, M.A. 2s. 6d. 

VI. History of Landbeach. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 4s. 6d. 

VII. History of Horningsey. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 

VIII. The Correspondence of Richard Porson, M.A. By 

H. R. Luard, M.A. 4s. 6d. 
Communications, Vol. I. lis. 
Communications, Vol. II. 10.?.; or Nos. X. to XV. 

2s. each. 



Camlridge Antiquarian Society. Octavo Publications. 
No. XI. 



A HISTOBY 



PARISH OF MILTON 



COUNTY OF CAMBRIDGE. 



BY THE LATE 

WILLIAM KEATINGE CLAY, B.D. 

AUTHOR OF THE HISTORIES OF 
WATEBBEACH, LANDBEACH, AND HOKNINGSEY. 




PRINTED FOR THE CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 

I SOLD BY DEIGHTON, BELL, AND CO., AND 
MACMILLAN AND OO. 

1869. 

Price Three Shillings. 



CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 

May, 1869. 



Rev. John E. B. Mayor, M.A., St Jolin's College. 

treasurer. 

Rev. Thomas Brocklebank, M.A., King's College. 

^ecr^tari). 

Henry Bradshaw, M.A., University Librarian. 

Council. 

J. W. Clark, M.A., Trinity College. 
Rev. G. Williams, B.D., King's College. 
Rev. R. E. Kerrich, M.A., Christ's College. 
Rev. J. R. LuMBY, M.A., Magdalene College. 
C. C. Babington, M.A., Professor of Botany. 
Rev. W. G. Searle, M.A., Queens' College. 
Rev. J. Hailstone, M.A., Trinity College. 
Rev. W. W. Skeat, M.A., Christ's College, 
Rev. T. G. BoNNEY, B.D., St John's College. 
Rev. H. J. Hotham, M.A., Trinity College. 
Rev. H. R. Luard, M.A., University Registrary. 
F. A. Paley, M.A. 



A HISTOKY 



OF THE PARISH OF 



MILTON. 



I 



i 



A HISTORY 



THE PARISH OF MILTON 



COUNTY OF CAMBRIDGE. 



BT THE LATE 



WILLIAM KEATINGE CLAY, B.D. 

VICAE OF WATEKBEACH,. CAMBRIDGESHIRE; 

AUTHOR OF THE HISTORIES OP 

WATERBEACH, LANDBEACH, AND HORNINGSET. 




©ambritigc : 

PRINTED FOR THE CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 

SOLD BY DEIGHTON, BELL, AND CO., AND 
MACMILLAN AND CO. 

1869. 



^h^"l 



dLavxbvitssti 



i 



FEINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. 
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 



OCTAVO PUBLICATIONS, 
No. XI. 



NOTICE. 



Mr Clay having left the History of Milton in such a for- 
ward state as to be almost ready for press, the Cambridge 
Antiquarian Society thought it most desirable to print it. 
The Eev. W. G. Searle undertook the labour of seeing the 
work through the press ; and a common title has now been 
furnished for the Four Histories, which Mr Clay contributed 
to the Society's publications. The following brief notice of 
the author furnishes the principal facts of his life. 

The Eev. William Keatinge Clay was born in 1797, and 
having been ordained deacon in 1823 by the bishop of Salis- 
bury, became curate of Greenwich ; he was ordained priest 
in the following year by the bishop of London. He was 
curate of Paddington in 1830, and of Blunham Bedfordshire 
in 1834. 

In 1835 he took the degTee of B.D. at Jesus College as a 
ten-year man, became minor canon of Ely cathedral in 1837, 
and was appointed subsequently Prselector Theologicus and 
Librarian of the cathedral. In 1842 he was instituted to the 
perpetual curacy of Holy Trinity Ely, and was collated in 
1854 by Dr Turton, bishop of Ely, to the vicarage of Water- 
beach Cambridgeshire, where he died 26 April 1867. 

He is the author of the following works : 

Explanatory Notes on the Prayer-book Version of the 
Psalms. 8vo. London, 1839. 

The Book of Commo^ Prayer illustrated. 8vo. London, 
1841. 



1 
t 

A History of the Scotch, Irish, and American Prayer- 
books ; an article in the British Magazine, 1846, 

A Historical Sketch of the Prayer-book. 12mo. London, 
1849. 

A History of the Parish of Waterbeach. 8vo. Cam- 
bridge, 1859. pp. 148. 

A History of the Parish of Landbeach. 8vo. Cambridge, 
1861. pp. 126. 

A History of the Parish of Horningsey. 8vo. Cambridge, 
1865. pp. 60. 

These three histories were collected into one volume with 
a common title-page, as ;■) 

Three Cambridgeshire Parishes, or a History of the ad- 
joining Parishes of Waterbeach, Landbeach, and Horningsey. 
8vo. Cambridge, 1865. 

They were all published by the Cambridge Antiquarian 
Society, and form Nos. IV, VI, VII of the octavo series of 
their publications. 

A History of the Parish of Milton. 8vo.';<,, Cambridge^ 
1869. pp. 108. This is the work now published. 



I 



He edited for the Parker Society, 

Liturgies and occasional Forms of Prayer set forth in the 
reign of Queen Elizabeth. 8vo. Cambridge, 1847. 

Private Prayers put forth by authority during the reign 
of Queen Elizabeth ; with an Appendix. 8vo. Cambridge, 
1851. JL 

He also assisted in the edition of the Book of Common 
Prayer put out by the Ecclesiastical History Society in 
1849 — 54, and in that of Wheatly's Eationale of the Book ; 
of Common Prayer, reprinted in 1858 by the Syndics of the " 
University Press. 

Cambridge, 

December, 1869. 



CONTENTS. 



The Pebface 

The Parish . 

The Church . 

Measurement of Church 

The Wills . 

The Charities 

The Incumbents . 



PAGE 

ix 

1 

33 

63 

77 
83 

87 



PREFACE. 



The History of Milton now published is the last of 
his senes. It completes the task which the writer 

air F t '™f ' "'^° '^ ^°~d ^^ 

.t own ™" . T' "'' *° ^^"^^ ""^ -«--;- 
"« own pansh, and such other parishes in the 

neighbourhood, as were in more Lmediate con 

.exion with it. Something has by this means been 

one towards setting forward a History of Cam- 

on ! t. . "^ -ocomplished were it entered 

Pon with heartiness and good will by others 

very country clergyman has some portion of time 

-his disposal without entrenching in any way upon 

e performance of his proper duties [o hfs own 

iord k ™^''* '""P'"^ '^'' '° '^^''^^ «"' -nd 
^ord the circumstances of the parish over which 

■te^ ' ?/' ''^^ ^"^ '"' ^ '^'Se amount of 

P orient "T '^ '=°""*^' °^ "^-''^--We 
ortance. For, from the interest which each 

^gyman may fairly be supposed to take in it 



To the list of parish priests John AUenson must 
be added : he was suspended from his spiritual over- 
sight of Horningsey in 1569, as we learn from 
Coopers Athence Cantahrigienses, though he still 
continued to preach there. Also, the name of John 
Henry Howlett has been omitted : he became chaplain 
in 1838. 

The writer's especial thanks are due to the 
members of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society, 
at whose expense his several histories have been 
printed ; also to the Rev Edward Ventris, M.A., 
and to the Bev J. E. B. Mayor, principal Librarian 
to the University. He was likewise assisted by the 
late C. H. Cooper, Esq. F.S.A. 



HISTORY OF MILTON. 



THE PARISH. 



The village and parish of Milton are now, and long have 
been, in the direct line of road from Cambridge to Ely. 
The name comes in its uncontracted form Middleton im- 
mediately, as will be explained hereafter, from the Anglo- 
Saxons. We do not read about Milton until somewhat late 
in the establishment of our parochial system ; still we can 
hardly suppose but that its existence (and at length, as an 
integral part of Cambridgeshire) is to be assigned to a much 
earlier date. The Liber Eliensis, that storehouse of infor- 
mation, so far as its range extends, in matters of a similar 
kind, is the most ancient document, which mentions Milton; 
moreover, the account which it gives us is tolerably full, 
and by no means devoid of interest. We are thereby 
enabled also to see how property, in those remote times, 
jwas accustomed to be changed about, to suit the mere con- 
venience of the different parties concerned in the trans- 
actions. 

j A very natural thing was it for Brihtnothus, the first 
ibbot of Ely, and intimately connected in more ways than 
)ne with the neighbouring parish of Horningsey, to strive 
become possessed of land at Milton instead of continuing 

1 



to hold what belonged to him and his clergy at Fordham. 
Milton was much nearer to him in reality, though not actu- 
ally so in distance, what we are accustomed to call the river 
Cam affording an easy means of passing to and fro, as re- 
garded the parishes situated close to, and along, its banks. 
Besides, Brihtnothus is distinctly stated to have been in- 
duced to fix his longing eyes on Milton propter mtroitum 
et exitum. His barge could readily land him, and as readily 
carry him away. As a necessary consequence of the facility 
of ingress and egress, the land there would be under the 
abbot's immediate supervision, and its then owner Ulf was 
nothing loth, for reasons of his own, to come to terms with 
him. The two hides were exchanged. 

And now, having acquired, in his ecclesiastical and public 
capacity, about one third of the parish of Milton, Briht- 
nothus entertained a wish that his monastery should be put 
in possession of the remainder : this was on every account 
a very proper wish, and it was able to be easily gratified. 
By the liberality of a high-born Saxon lady, the monks of 
Ely then held just the requisite extent of land — four hides 
and a half— in the neighbourhood of Colchester. On the other 
hand the bishop of London with his clergy, tlie inmates ; 
of a monastery there dedicated to S. Paul, had become owners 
of a similar quantity in Milton, which made up the whole i 
parish. Both properties were let out to farm ; but, though ■ 
the brethren at Ely might have no cause to complain of their 
tenants (certainly, none is expressed), the brethren at Lon- 
don were unfortunately in a very different case. These latter, ji 
experienced great trouble in the management of their estate, i' 
and also great loss. Their tenants, we may suppose, were not : 
over-punctual in paying their rents, and injured them in 
many other ways, as tenants sometimes will do, when their 
landlords live at a great distance ; and in the days of the 
Heptarchy it was a very long, and a very difficult journey 
likewise, from London to Milton. 



i 



3 

'Brihtnothus' abbas et Wine emerunt a Grimm filio 
Osulfi"' duas hydas et xxxvij acras apud Fordham, datis xj 
libris pro his coram testimonis villge et liundreti. Qu£e terra 
cum esset cuidam viro nomine Ulf prope manus, et ille idem 
duas hydas habuisset apud Middletune, quarum multum in- 
digebat abbas propter introitum et exitum, mutaverunt terras. 
Abbas itaque liberavit ei duas hydas de duodecies xx [acris], 
et xxxvij acris ^ (acras?) apud Fordham, et ille e con verso 
liberavit abbati duas hydas de duodecies xx acris apud Mid- 
dletune. 

' In eadem villa habuit etiam Thurketelus abbas ^ iv hydas 
et dimidiam. Qui, eo tempore quo expulsus erat de Bedeford, 
petiit ab episcopo Lundoniensi nomine ^Ifstano^ et a clero, 
ut cum eis posset habere communionem et partem in monas- 
terio, ubi prius in prasbyteratu emerat sibi locum. Sed 
episcopus cum toto clero recusavit eum. Tandem tamen, 
usus consilio et patrocinio amicorum, hseretavit S. Paulum 
de iiij"-^ hydis et dimidia, quas habuit apud Middletune, ut in 
illorum contubernio esse posset. Quod cum factum fuerat, 
ipse, quamdiu vixerat, tenuit eandem terram de fratribus, 
hoc est, de clero, dans eis quotannis inde xx solidos : post 
mortem vero ipsius, utebantur ipsi clerici ilia terra, sed cum 
I injuriosa difEcultate. Qui cum multas injurias paterentur ibi, 

[^ 1 Lib. Eliens. Lib, ii. cap. 31. Brihtnothus was made abbot of Ely 
' in 970. Ibid. Lib. ir. cap. 6. Several persons bore the name of Wine, 
particularly one at Wicceforde (Wichford), and another at Ely; which 
last must have been intimately connected with the monastery,' and is 
here meant. 

i 2 Osulfus was an inhabitant of Girton, as his son may also have 
tbeen. 

[ _ » The abbot did not intend to throw in these thirty-seven acres, 
smce he subsequently wished land at Chypenham to be given him in 
return for them, and for money which he had lent to Ulf. Lib. Eliens 
iLib. II. cap. 11. 

s * For Thurkytel see Saxon Chron. under 971, m which year he was 
xbbot of Bedford. For the ending of the name see Hist, of Horn- 
yngsey, p. 25, n. 

^ He was living in 966 and a few years later. 

1—2 



concupivit tandem Brihtnothus abbas eandem terram ab eis 
vel ad censum vel ad mutationem, si forte habuisset tantun- 
dem terrse, quse prope esset eis infra comitatum. Interea 
contigit quod avia ^dgari regis, nomine vEdgyva, cum more- 
retur, dimisit cuidam nobili matronee, quee dicebatur ^Iftred, 
V hydas in JEstsexe apud Holand, quas ipsa emerat a Sprowe 
pro XX libris. Tunc prasdicta matrona, scilicet ^lftred\ 
dedit illam terram S. ^Edeldrydge : iEdelsvoldus^ vero epi- 
scopus, et Brilitnothus abbas, totusque coetus monachorum de 
Ely, tradiderunt eandem terram S. Paulo et clero Lundo- ' 
niensi pro iiij™' hydis et dimidia de Middletune. Dederunt 
etiam pecuniam pro pecunia: superabundabant tamen apud 
Holande c oves, et Iv porci, et duo homines ^ et v boves 
subjugales,' 

We may consider, that the parish of Milton continued 
to belong uninterruptedly to that ecclesiastical body, which 
had thus by exchange become the proprietors of it. If, how-, 
ever, we go on to the latter half of the eleventh century, 
and to the testimony of Domesday Book, it will appear, not 
only that an entirely new order of things had then arisen, 
but that even King Edward the Confessor had previously 
secured to himself a small portion thereof 

'In Middletone Ralph holds of Picot xij hides. The 
arable land is vij carucates. In demesne are ij carucates, 
and it may be ij others. There x villeins with xij bor- 
darers and ix cottagers have iij carucates. There [are] v 
serfs^. The meadow is iiij carucates. There is pasturage for 

1 This was not her only gift to the monastery at Ely, and of property 
derived from the same source. Lib. Eliens. Lib. ii. cap. 47. 

2 See Hist, of Horning sey, p. 25, n. 

3 Villeins in gross, or pure villeins, were therefore of no more account 
than even what we esteem the lowest kind of animal ; they were all 
equally included amongst agricultural stock (pecunia). 

4 Hist, of Horningsey, p. 7. Till within the last three centuries the 
word villein retained the meaning of a peasant. He was the praedial 
serf oi Domesday-Book. Taylor's W^or^s ««(? P/«ces, p. 443. 



the cattle of tlie village. From the fen 650 eels and xij 
pence\ They are worth altogether vij pounds. When they 
were received viij pounds. In the time of King Edward xij 
pounds. Of this manor Ailbertus^, the abbot's steward, 
held vj hides and iij virgates, though he was not able to sell 
them, nor to separate them from the church, but after his 
death he was to restore them to the cliurch of Ely. And iiij 
socmen under the abbot held iiij hides, and two virgates and 
a half, and they were able to sell them without the soc 
(soca)^ And one man of King Edward had ij virgates and 
a half, and he was able to sell them just as he liked (quo 
[modo] voluit).' 

The Liber Eliensis names the abbot of Ely as at length 
the owner in the tenth century, on the part of his monastery, 
of the whole parish of Milton, on the supposition at least, 
and it is surely a true supposition, that the six hides and 
a half, which he had acquired by exchange, were, like two 
of them, all hides of the larger kind, or of twelve score acres. 
Now, viz. in 1086, we learn that Picot, the Norman sheriff of 
Cambridgeshire was the owner, and, of course, had been 
so for several years. The present is, tlierefore, one of those 
cases (and the neighbouring parish of Impington was ano- 
ther) where the ecclesiastical establishment at Ely had been 
violently pillaged by a. highly unscrupulous man, which 
occasioned his character to be drawn in such strong and 
dark colours by the willing pen of the monkish chronicler*. 
The accuracy of this notion is also borne out even by the 
statements contained in Domesday Book itself, which men- 

^ The same sum of money is mentioned in reference to Waterbeach, 
bnt there it is stated to be de prsesentatione, or as a present. Hist, of 
Waterbeach, p. 8. 

2 He is mentioned Hist, of Landbeach, p. 7. 

^ A local com-t, independent of the jurisdiction of the hundred ; a 
vestige, probably, of the ancient Scandinavian franchises. Hist, of 
Landheach, p. 9 ; Words and Places, p. 295. 

'^ Hist, of Landbeach, pp. 8, 10. 



6 

tions in detail the disposal of the land in the Saxon times 
immediately preceding the rule of Picot. 

Before this history is further proceeded with, a few words 
must be added in explanation of the several terms of mea- 
surement employed above. 

If we go no further than to Domesday Booh, we shall 
experience considerable difficulty in determining the size of 
the hide, 'the Saxon unit of land.' We possess however 
another manuscript, and to this we may likewise have re- 
course in the matter, a manuscript too, in respect to its 
writing almost as ancient, and referring with great distinct- 
ness and authority, so far as the Eastern parts of England 
are concerned, to transactions about land, which took place 
even two or three centuries before. The Liher Eliensis is 
indeed very plain as to the extent of the hide ; and, whenever 
it is necessary to mention distinctly the number of acres con- 
tained therein it invariably names six score, or twelve score, 
acres, the latter being of much more frequent occurrence 
than the former. And a similar result will follow, if we 
endeavour to ascertain what the hide consisted of by em- 
ploying as our guide the amount of land shewn by actual 
measurement to belong to a parish when in our own times 
it was inclosed. But the acreage, as given in the Inclosure 
Awards, must be taken, rather than that acted upon by the 
authorities of the Chesterton Union. For it will include the 
whole extent of the several parishes, whereas in the other 
case the amount of land taken up by roadways, town streets, 
&c. is necessarily omitted. The numbers given by the Union 
in the case of four neighbouring parishes are — Landbeach 
2142: Waterbeach 5485: and Milton 1361. Horningsey, 
curiously enough, is set at 1592, being ten acres more than in 
the award, but the accuracy of the following calculation will 
not be materially lessened through this small difference. 

To begin with Horningsey, Domesday Book assigns seven 



hides for its extent, and we know the same number to 
have been attributed to it in 870. Now, if we divide 1582, 
the acreage stated in the inclosure award, by 7, we get 226 
for each hide, which comes quite near enough to 240, as 
specified in the Liber Eliensis, to be considered satisfactory. 
For we must remember that in those remote times somewhat 
of inaccuracy could hardly avoid entering into the measure- 
ment, and that then, and long afterwards, the acre even was 
to some extent an uncertain quantity. Again, in the case of 
Landbeach, Picot, according to Domesday Book, had six hides, 
and the king's cartwrights five, eleven in all. But this 
parish was, at the inclosure, authoritatively declared to con- 
tain 2207 acres, which being divided by eleven makes the 
hide to consist of almost exactly 200. 

As regards Waterbeach no definite number of hides is 
stated, nor could this well have occurred, because in the 
eleventh century, more even than recently, so large a part 
of the parish was constantly in a fenny and marshy state. 
Still also here the hide of twelve score acres, or there- 
abouts, gives a result which accords better than the smaller 
hide would ^ with its circumstances, inasmuch as it allots 
370 acres to the southern, and 1068 to the northern part, 
thus making a fair division between the village with what 
pertained to it, and that district, which has long gone, 
and continues to go, by its own name of Denney. Be- 
sides, if to the above numbers are added the quantity of 
land brought into cultivation at the time of the inclosure 
together with North fen and the roadways, etc., the whole 
acreage of Waterbeach will be found to approximate very 
closely to that given in the award ^, and therefore to 
furnish a strong argument favourable to the accuracy of the 
present mode of calculation. 

^ Cole, with a disthict reference to the southern part of the parish, 
does, however, make mention of a hide of vj'°' acres. Vol. xlviii. p. 114. 
2 Hist, of Waterbeach, pp. 7, 9, 24, 25. 



At length we come to Milton. The extract already- 
printed from the Liber EUensis names six hides and a half 
in connexion with this parish, and, it is hardly possible 
not to suppose, as the entire extent of its land. On the 
contrary Domesday Book ascrihes twelve hides to Milton; 
whilst the inclosnre award states the acreage to be 1378. 
The earlier and larger hide therefore would contain ex- 
actly 212 acres; the later and smaller hide, with which 
we are in this case chiefly concerned, 115. Thus, when 
we read in one of the old field-books of Landbeach that 
110 acres made a hide, the remark was applicable to 
Milton, rather than to that parish, to which the compa- 
ratively recent writer meant, we may presume, to apply it. 

Of course, in these several calculations the hide is 
deemed to be a certain integral portion of each parish 
whatever the nature of the soil included in it might be, 
though some persons affirm (but without taking into con- 
sideration what a large tract of land 240 or even 120 
acres are, and with no authority from the meaning of the 
word, which appears to refer to the thong used in mea- 
suring it off), that the hide only comprised arable land, 
and was termed a plough-land from being as much as 
one plough with its team could cultivate in a year. 

The next term to be examined is the Norman caru- 
cate from caruca, a plough. This has also been styled, 
and very naturally, too, a plough-land for the reason 
just mentioned, a reason which is surely not justified in 
the case of the hide, whether we take it in its larger or 
its smaller dimensions ; one plough with its team, how- 
ever good, not being able to do the work. How much 
land the carucate comprised in the parishes of Cambridge- 
shire is best ascertained in the same way as has been 
pursued with respect to the hide, by following which 
method we shall shew it to be a small and uncertain 
measurement. In the instance of Horningsey 35^ caru- 



cates are made to represent half the extent of the parish^ 
or 3|- hides; supposing therefore this calculation to be cor- 
rect, a carucate was only about 22^ acres. At Landbeach, 
on the contrary, one hide of 200 acres seems to contain 
five carucates and one virgate, consequently the carucate 
is there iraised to something like 34 acres. From the ac- 
count given us by Domesday Booh of Waterbeach and 
Milton, we can determine nothing respecting the size of 
the carucate in those parishes, inasmuch as the whole dis- 
tribution of the land is not stated. It is therefore very 
evident, as just said, that the carucate was not only an 
uncertain quantity, but that it was comparatively a small 
quantity, so that the words of the late Mr Cooper 'in 
Cambridgeshire the carucate was one twelfth of the hide' 
are likely to be somewhat near the truth, but then we 
must understand them solely in relation to the hide of 
240 acres. 

The virgate, or yard-land, like the two other terms of 
measure, is uncertain in extent, nevertheless we cannot 
be very wrong in supposing it to consist of somewhere 
about 30 acres. Indeed, it has been asserted to contain 
a quarter of a hide (that, namely, of 120 acres) ; and if 
we thus take it, and apply it to what is said in Domes- 
day Booh concerning the occupation of Milton in Saxon 
times, we shall easily account for the twelve hides there 
mentioned. 

Neither can the different values assigned at three several 
periods by Domesday Booh to the whole property in Milton 
be passed by without a remark, especially, when they are 
compared with what is therein also asserted about a few 
other and neighbouring parishes. It is, of course, pos- 
sible, and indeed not improbable, that the general con- 
fusion, consequent on the successful invasion of England 
by William I. exercised a great effect everywhere, and 
thus among the villages of Cambridgeshire, which effect 



10 

may have been considerably increased by the fact of the 
land having passed from ecclesiastical to lay hands, from 
the mild rule of the church, to the rule of such a man 
as Picot the sheriff. For after this parish had been 
transferred to its new lord, it is said to have become de- 
teriorated in value to the extent of one third. Moreover, 
that deterioration continued to increase, since about twenty 
years later the value was one eighth less instead of being, 
as was naturally to be expected, much greater, because, as 
time went on, and order was in some degree re-established, 
a more favourable state of things ought to have arisen. 

Now we find, that a different result by reason of the 
change of owner took place in the neighbourhood. Horn- 
ingsey and the southern part of Waterbeach (though the 
latter, a not very valuable acquisition, fell equally to 
Picot,) remained, notwithstanding the invasion and its suc- 
cess, at exactly the same sum as they had been set at on 
the death of Edward the Confessor; whilst the northern 
part of Waterbeach, or Denney, is reported, under the 
same circumstances, and at the same time, to have reached 
twice its recent value. So, likewise, on the completion of 
Domesday Book in 1086, it appears that the northern part 
of Waterbeach with Landbeach and Horningsey, had since 
the conquest increased in value, the two last-named 
parishes (of which the former, in part another new pos- 
session of Picot, had been depressed nearly a half,) almost 
to the extent of a third. 

No one cause therefore can be fixed upon capable of 
suiting these several places: each one was surely influenced 
by something peculiar to itself As regards Milton, a parish 
very near to Cambridge, the great change in public affairs 
may have first operated, and afterwards, perhaps, the poverty 
of the few cultivators of the soil. And we can easily ac- 
count for more than the average amount of poverty among 
them in the latter half of the eleventh century. For close 



11 

to the south-west corner of the parish, but just outside its 
bounds, at the place called King's Hedges, still exist some 
remains of an encampment, notwithstanding the inclosure 
and the action of the plough. The king meant is William I. 
who is believed, if he did not make it, to have occupied it 
during his war with the Saxons collected together for defence 
in the Isle of Ely. Taking this conjecture to be accurate, 
the second deterioration referred to before in the case of 
Milton and the poverty whereby it may have been partly 
produced, are easy to be accounted for, and may be laid to 
the charge of the Conqueror's soldiers, who, no doubt, did 
not leave the neighbouring lands or their occupiers unplun- 
dered. Three centuries later we know that the poverty of 
tenants did throw land out of cultivation, and therefore out 
of profit, as any one can ascertain for himself by referring 
direct to the Nonce Rolls, or to an abstract of their contents 
in relation to this county, contained in the first volume of 
the Antiquarian Communications, by the E-ev. E. Yenables. 

A manor existed at Milton just previous to the Norman 
conquest, as we learn distinctly from Domesday Booh, and 
was then held by Ailbertus, steward to the Abbot of Ely. 
When Picot wrested the land in the parish from its ecclesi- 
astical possessors, Ralph became the holder of it under that 
unscrupulous and tyrannical man\ What became of the 
manor afterwards, for nearly two centuries, cannot be traced, 
but at the end of that time we find it in the hands of the 
sovereign, since in 1253 Henry III. gave a grant of it to Eu- 
bulo de Montibus'^, who was to hold it under him. It would 
appear to have been subsequently in the hands of several per- 
sons. At last, however, it became the property by marriage 

^ Hist, of Landheach, p. 10. 

^ Cal. Rot. Pat. 37 Hen. III. About the same time he had custody 
of the manor and church of Ixening (Exning) for the king. Roberts' 
Calend. Genealog. p. 58. 



12 

of John de Somerj, whose widow Joanna, in Trinity term, 
4 Edw. I. [1276], publicly acknowledged in court, that she 
had given to John le Strange of Knockin, and his wife 
Alienora, her own daughter, the manor of Middleton, with 
the advowson of the church, for them and their heirs \ The 
Messrs Lysons, in their account of the parish of Milton, 
suppose the same manor to, have fallen to the Le Strange 
family by means of the marriage of the above-named John, 
(who died in 1307) with Maud the daughter and heir of 
Roger D'Egville, just as her father may have become the 
owner of it by an alliance with the family of Eubulo de Mon- 
tibus. The chief reason, they say, for adopting this notion 
was, that the Christian names of Eubulo and Roger became 
thenceforward common in the Le Strange family for several 
generations. 

To enter minutely into tlie question of the descent of the 
manor in those early times is not worth the trouble and la- 
bour necessarily attached to it^ Two points are quite clear j 
and we need go no farther : — that by the end of the thir- 
teenth century the manor belonged to the family ot Le 
Strange, and that it came to them by marriage. The pedi- 
gree given by Dugdale, and the declaration made, as Baker 
records, in open court, by John de Somery's widow, do not 
agree together. For Dugdale asserts the same John le 
Strange of Knockin to have married Matilda daughter and 
heir of Roger D'Egville, and John his father to have married 
Joanna daughter and co-heir of Roger de Sumeri. He'also 
gives the Christian name Alienora to the younger branch of 
the family ^ 

The Le Stranges continued owners of the manor, and of 

1 Baker MSS. Vol. xxviii. 213. 

^ There is a good deal on this subject iu the Baker MSS. Vol. 
XXVIII. pp. 213, 214 ; and in the Baumgartner MSS. No. 21, under Milton. 

3 Baronage, Tom. i. pp. 593, 612, 663. John D'Bgville's name 
occurs as fighting on the side of Simon de Montfort and the barons. 
Hearne's Collect. Vol. ii. p. 418. 



13 

all tliat pertained to it, for almost three centuries. Ricliard 
Lowe armiger was found to be the owner 19 Edw. IV. [1479]*; 
hut we do not learn in what way he came into possession, 
though it seems highly probable that it was only in the cha- 
racter of trustee. For another marriage is stated to have 
transferred the manor into the Stanley family about the year 
1482 by the union of Joan, daughter and heir of John, Lord 
Strange of Knockin, to George ^ eldest son of Thomas, Lord 
Stanley, afterwards the first earl of Derby, and v/ho in right 
of his wife was himself summoned to parliament by the title 
of Lord Strange of Knockin, 22 Edw. IV. and died in the life- 
time of his father. 

A warren was made by King John, and attached to the 
castle erected by William I. in Cambridge. This warren em- 
braced a considerable extent of country towards the north, 
and included within it the whole parish of Milton, together 
with other parishes as far as the Old Ouse^. 

We must now go to the Rotuli Hundredorum, and see 
what information respecting Milton and its inhabitants we can 
obtain therefrom ; this information is connected with the 
year 127.9, and will be found to be extremely important : 

They* say, that Sir John le Strauhge® holds and keeps in 
the parish (villa®) of Middleton two knight's fees, in lands and 

1 Cole's MSS. Vol. xxii, pp. 148, 259 ; Calend. Inquisit. post Mortem, 
Vol. IV. p. 393 ; Prynne's Aurum Reginw, p. 92. 

^ Queen Elizabeth Woodville was his mother's aunt. Collins' 
Peerage, Vol. in. pp. 65, &c. Shakespeare mentions him several times 
in the fourth and fifth 2iC{& of. King Richard III. 

'^ Hist, of Landheach, p. 9. 

* The juratores, or the persons summoned to give evidence about 
the several parishes in the hundred of North Stow. John le Munz was 
present from Milton. Rot. Hundred. Tom. ii. pp. 446, 452. 

® Johannes extraneus (John the stranger). So that he and his family 
must have come but recently into England. 

^ " Anciently a district, when considered ecclesiastically, was called 
a parish ; when civilly, a vil or town." 



14 

meadows, of Symon de Insula, rendering yearly to the same 
Symon j pair of gilt spurs at the price of vj"* [or vj*^. in 
money]; and he gives scutage^ to the said Symon, and the 
said Symon owes scutage to the Lord Bishop of Ely, and the . 
Bishop to the King. Also he has a fishery^ on the great 
bank of Cambridge [on the Cam] which is worth xx^ a year, 
of the demesne. Also he has a view of frank-pledge, and the 
assize [regulation] of bread and ale from ancient times, and 
for a long while he has had a warren within the bounds of 
his land. Also the same John and his men claim to be free 
at all feasts and markets ; but they [the juratores] know not 
why. 

Also they say, that John de Montibus holds half an acre 
of land of G. le Knyt, and half an acre of land of Reg' the 
son of Peter for ij*^ yearly paid to the same John. 

Also the same John de Montibus holds 

Free tenants of 
the lord, John le xiij acres of land of the same fee at ij^ vj , 
r unge. ^^^ ^.^ ^^ ^j^^ sheriff, and scutage, &c. 

Also they say, that Robert Maupudre holds xv acres of 
the same at ij^ iij'* with aid to the sheriff. 

Also they say, that Ralph Gows holds x acres of the 
same at j pound of cummin^, and ij*^ aid to the sheriff. 

Also they say, that Robert Bercare holds j croft, which 
contains j acre and a half with a messuage and iij roods of 
land of the same, at iiij^ yearly, and iij^ aid to the sheriff. 

Also they say, that John de Burewell* holds iiij acres of 
the same at j pair of gloves at the price of j** halfpeny. 

Also they say, that Robert de Burewell holds j virgate of 
land of the same at iiij' yearly, and vj*^ aid to the sheriff. 

■^ Hist. ofLandbeach, p. 11, ra. 

2 At the spot now called Baitsbite (Basebitt) 1 

3 Pigeons were, it is said, ' a very favourite food of our forefathers.' 
Hence it may have arisen, that cummin, a warm aromatic seed, of which 
they are remarkably fond, became so frequently a reserved rent. 

* A John de Borewell was Vicar in 1348. 



15 

Also they say, that Luke Bercator holds iij roods of land 
of the same at j pound of cummin yearly. 

Also they say, that Peter Templeman holds xv acres of 
land of the House of the Temple de Deneye^ at viij^, and does 
iij works at the price of iij^ 

Also they say, that Alexander le Scrutiere holds one 
messuage of the said John at ij^ a year, and does j work and 
a half for j*^ and a halfpeny. 

Also they say, that Henry the son of Gilbert holds j 
acre and iij roods of Hugh Thurgare for j'^ and a halfpeny and 
a farthing a year. 

Also they say, that Andrew Rokard holds j cottage of the 
same at xij"^ a year, and does j work for j*^. 

Also they say, that Stephen Bule, Henry But, Walter 
Correye hold iij messuages, which contain j rood, for ij^ and 
vj*^; and j work and a half at j*^ and a halfpeny. 

Also they say, that Alan Segyn and William Christien 
hold of the same one messuage, which contains j acre, for ix*^, 
and ij capons for iij^ 

Also they say, that Walter Faber holds j messuage for 
xij*^ a year, and for his smithy viij'^. 

Also they say, that John the son of John holds xv acres 
of land of the same for iiij^ a year, and iij*^ aid to the sheriff. 

Also they say, that Robert Anger holds j holm^, which 
contains ij acres, for ij^ a year. 

Also concerning ancient suits, and custom, and service, 
and other things. They say that the predecessors of the said 
John the son of John were wont to do suit at the county 

1 Of the manor of Denney, which in 1279 had not yet been joined to 
the manor of Waterbeach. See Hist, of Waterbeach, pp. 10, 102. Peter 
Templeman, from his very name, must have been in some way connected 
with his landlords. 

2 Holm is a Norse word for a lake, or a river island ; here, however, 
it can only mean a/<?w island. But it has a more extensive signification ; 
for of the Orkney Islands those not inhabited, and used only for pasture, 
are so called even now. 



16 

court in the time of King Henry [HI.], the father of the king 
that now is, and it has been omitted for twenty years and 
more, — they know not why, unless it be through some con- 
nexion of his with the liberty of Ely (per libertatem Ely- 
ensem) \ 

Also they say, that John de Hardleston holds j virgate of 
land of Henry le Chamberleyn de Land Beche^, and it is sub- 
ject to taxation, and John himself owes the said John le 
Straunge j hen annually. 

Also they say, that Geoffry Didon holds j rood of land 
with a messuage, rendering to John de Hardleston ij^ and ij 
capons a year. 

Also Henry Knit holds j rood with a messuage for xvj'' a 

year. 

Also they say, that the said John has 
Villeins, 

in villenage Geoffry le Gardiner, who holds 

half a virgate of land of the same, and gives as his rent 
annually xiij^ v^ and a halfpeny and a farthing, and he 
shall do yearly Ixvij works, which come to vj^ v*^ and a 
halfpeny. 

Also they say, that Alice Kille, Hugh le Maner, Walter 
le Husebonde, Alice Ridel, Eobert Eaysun, Peter Herbert, 
Margaret Goding, Eobert Goding, Eobert Picok, Geoffry 
Sarpman, Henry the son of Hugh, Wymar de Hogiton, Eo- 
bert de Eampton, Matilda Weilot, William de Cruce, Henry 
Bacon, Eobert Bachun, Thomas Cosin, Peter Blakeman, Ma- 
bille Fot, Walter de Haselingfeld, Stephen Scot, Adam Scot, 
John de Cotenham, Eoger Scarpman, Eoger Kille, hold each 
for himself so much land as the aforesaid Geoffry, and do in 
all things as the aforesaid Geoffry each for himself. And they 
render yearly ij capons at the price of j** and a halfpeny 
apiece, and liiij geese at the price of ij** each goose, and 

^ Unless he is free of Ely. 

^ Hist, qf Landbeach, pp. 15, 16. 



17 

iiij^'^ vij hens and half [a score], at j<J a hen, and if they shall 
cart with their own team as far as Lynn, each of them shall 
liave from the lord iiij'^, and they shall be relieved of their 
works during the same time. 

Also he has in villenage Roger Scot and Eichard de 
Rampton, who hold xx acres of land of the same, and 
both render yearly xviij^ and for works by the same xij' 
and a halfpeny; and all other customs and services are 
to be done as the aforesaid Geoffry in all things. 

Also they say that the aforesaid John le Straunge 
has a croftman Walter de la Hythe, who holds j toft' 
containing j' of the same, and gives as rent annually xvij'', 
and he shall do xiiij works, which are worth yearly xxij'^. 

Also they say, " that John Langur, Alice Goding, 
Roger Caractare, John Frere, Richard le Port, and Alex- 
ander Scot, hold as much land as the aforesaid Walter, 
and do in all things as the aforesaid Walter, and one (each ?) 
cottager of them gives to the lord yearly ij capons for iij*^. 

Also they say, that Stephen Campiun holds j messuage 
for ij capons yearly at the price of iij*^, and viij hens for 
viij*^, and iij** for his works. 

Also they say that Robert Byne holds of the same j mes- 
suage with a croft, which contains j acre, for j"* a year. 

Also they say, that William Bercare holds j messuage 
of Robert de Burewell for xij*^ and a halfpeny a year: 
also he holds j acre of the same Burewell for j*^ yearly. 

Also they say that Mariere the daughter of Peter 
holds ij acres of land of Gilbert le Knyt for vj*^ and a 
,halfpeny, and it is liable to pay all kinds of taxes. 

Also they say^ that John the son of John holds ij 
lacres of the same for vj*^ and a halfpeny a year, and it is 
liable to taxation. 

Also they say, that Johanna his sister holds ij acres, &c. 

' A homestead or enclosure. Words and Places, pp. 158, 185. 
See Hist, of Horningsey, p. 13, n. ; and p. 14, n. 

2 



18 

Also they say, that Roger the son of Peter holds v 
acres of land and a half of the same G. for xvij* and a 
halfpeny and a farthing a year, and it is liable to pay taxes. 

Also they say, that Eobert, the chaplain ' of the manor 
chapel, holds xx acres of land in free alms of the gift 
and grant of the lord John de Someriis'' for the souls of 
his ancestors — moreover [he has] two men, namely An- 
drew Scot and John Sarpman, who hold xx acres of the 
said Eobert, and each of them does as the aforesaid Geoffry 
le Gardiner in all things. 

Also they say that Peter de Woseri holds in Middletone 
XXX acres of land and j messuage in pure and free alms 
of the founders of the said church, whereof there is no 
memory. The same rector has of the gift and grant of 
the founders of the church— namely Alan Textor, who 
holds j cottage of the same, and pays for his works every 
year xviij'^.^ 

Also they say, that Agnes Frebern, John le Tayllur, | 
Hugh le Batur, Alice Scot hold as much land as the afore- ; 
said Alan, and will do in all things as the aforesaid Alan ; 
each for himself. > 

Also they say, that the heir of William Twet holds ! 

1 One who said mass at a small private altar, a chantry or soul- , 
priest. Almost every parish had several chaplains. At Leverington, in iji 
1406, there were no fewer than seven, and at Wisbech ten. Such priests, 
as well as the gild-priests, assisted the incumbent, and made up a choir- I 
service on Sundays and hoUdays, when they used to sit in the stalls of < 
the chancel. Blomefield's Collect. Cantab, pp. 199, 242, 245 ; Peck's 
Desid. Curios, pp. 229, 230 ; Rock's Church of our Fathers, Vol. i. 
p. 408 ; Vol. III. Part i. pp. 104, &c. ■ 

2 The family of Somer held a Manor in Barton ; also, as early as | 
Stephen's reign, in Haslingfield. 

3 The sense here is not very clear ; but, judging from what imme- 
diately follows, it would seem that as Robert the chaplain had two 
tenants for his 20 acres, so Alan Textor hired the rector's land as well 
as the house upon it. Dr "Whichcote records, that in 1656 the land be- 
longing to his rectory contained 34g acres, and so also does Mr Knight 
in 1779. 



I 



19 

j cottage of the same for xij^ a year, and for half a pound 
of wax for the church of the same parish (villa). 

Also thej saj, that Eustace de la Hjthe holds j 
messuage for ij^ and j pound of cummin. Also, Walter 
le Gows holds j cottage for vj^' a year. Also, Ealph le 
Gows holds j cottage for vj'^ a year, and both pay Koger 
de Berkeway. 

All the before named under the title of villenage are 
at the will of the lord as concerns their works. 

It must be borne in mind that all the before named, 
as well the free tenants as the villeins, who have beasts 
worth xxx^ give to the aforesaid lord annually ]'^ by reason 
of a certain custom which is called Wartpeny\ 

The above extract has told us of two knight's fees 
held by Sir John le Strange of Simon de Insula (De Lisle). 
On 12 March 1288-9 these fees were given by Simon to 
John de Kirkeby, bishop of Ely, so that for the future 
John le Strange and Eleanor' his wife were to hold them 
of him, who. represented, by reason of his ecclesiastical 
dignity, the former owners of the whole property. Sir 
William de Middleton had in his hands at that time the 
remainder of the parish; the advowson of the rectory 
however did not belong to his part, but to that in the 
possession of the Le Strange family, who alone were lords 
of the manor. 

The manor was valued in the fourteenth century at 
xlv'"''- , and in the succeeding century at xlviij^"''-. 

Before leaving the family of Le Strange it will be as 
iwell to refer to a circumstance recorded by White Kennet 
m his Parochial Antiquities^ respecting one member of it 
^ Hist. o/Landbeach, p. 21, n. 

2 For the origin of this word, see Miss Yonge's Hist, of Christian 
Names, Vol. i. pp. 158, &c. 

1 _ \ Vol. II. p. 233, edit. 1818. This work contains a good deal per- 
taining to the same family. Duck, Life of Archh. Chichele. 

2—2 



20 

and his wife: it affords, also, a curious instance of the 
extent to which personal feelings were then carried in 
despite of religion, and even in a church. It occurred 
3 Hen. V. [1415]. 

'A memorable accident now happened relating to Richard 
I'Estrange, baron of Knokyn, lord of the manor of Bur- 
cester in Oxfordshire, whose wife Constance contended with 
the wife of Sir John Trussel of Warrington in Cheshire 
for precedency of place in the church of S. Dunstan in 
the east, London: upon which disturbance the two hus- 
bands and all their retinue engaged in the quarrel, and 
within the bodj of the church some were killed, and many- 
wounded. For which profane riot several of the delinquents 
were committed, and the church suspended from the cele- 
bration of any divine offices. By process in the court 
Christian, the lord Strange and his lady were adjudged 
to be the criminal parties, and had this solemn penance 
imposed upon them by that exemplary prelate Henry 
Chicheley, archbishop of Canterbury, The lord Strange 
walked bareheaded with a wax taper lighted in his hand, 
and his lady barefooted, from the church of S. Paul to 
that of S. Dunstan, which being rehallowed, the lady with 
her own hands filled all the church vessels with water, 
and offered to the altar an ornament of the value of ten 
pounds, and the lord a piece of silver to the value of five 
pounds. A great example of the good discipline of the 
church, and of the obedience of these noble persons.' 

When in 1340, money being wanted to sustain Ed- 
ward III. in his wars with France, a tax was appointed 1 
to be levied upon the several parishes in the kingdom, 
£10. 6s. 8d., or fifteen marks and a half, were required from 
Milton. The assessment then used was very different from 
that at present in force, even allowing for the decrease in 
the value of money. For now the annual rateable value' 
of the property in this parish is estimated at £3669. 



I 



21 

The manor continued to be among tlie possessions of 
the earl of Derbj, lord of Man and the Isles, until towards 
the end of the reign of Hen. VIII. It was then purchased 
bv William Cooke, a native of Chesterton, who, from his 
eminence as a lawyer, became sergeant at law, and finally, 
under Edw. VI. one of the judges of the Common Pleas. 
Sir William Cooke was buried to the north of the altar 
in Milton Church in 1553 \ In 14 Jac. I. [1616] Edward 
Newman was lord of the manor. During the reign of the 
same sovereign, however, the manor passed into the hands 
of the Harris family, some members of which were buried, 
as the brass mural tablet still existing testifies, in the 
manor chapel. The ftither of the John Harris thereon 
recorded was the first lord. In 1670 Sir Paul Whichcote, 
Bart. ^, Dr Whichcote, the rector of Milton, and Simon 
Smith, Esq. were the lords. No doubt, they were only 
trustees on behalf of the representatives of the family of 
Harris. However, at least by 1685, they had parted with 
the manor (but without the advowson of the living, which 
had long been alienated,) and the remainder of the estate, 
to the celebrated lawyer, Francis Pemberton. He had been 
educated at Emmanuel College under Dr Whichcote, whose 
uiece Anne, the daughter of Sir Jeremy Wiiichcote, Bart, 
he afterwards married. Chauncy, the historian of Hert- 
fordshire, is the only author who speaks of him with 
unmixed commendation. His other biographers, with what- 
ever party they are connected, almost invariably qualify 
the encomiums they are compelled to utter with some ex- 
pressions of condemnation. He was eventually made chief 
justice, first of the king's bench, then of the common pleas, 
but was successively deprived of both ofiices, and went 

^ Foss' Judges of England, Vol. v. p. 298; A then. Cantab. 
^ Of Quy, " who had a small but elegant chapel for his family 
prayers, which were twice in a day there attended." Memoirs of the 
\ life of Mr iVilliam Whiston, p. 370. 



22 

again on each occasion to the bar. In this inferior position 
he eventuallj passed the last portion of his life, and was 
the leading counsel among those who defended the seven 
bishops. Sir Francis Pemberton died in 1697, and was 
buried in the chapel of his house at Highgate; but afterwards, 
on that being pulled down, in the church of Trumpington^. 
The next owner of the manor was the Reverend Samuel 
Knight, only son of the Reverend Dr Knight, formerly 
Canon of Ely Cathedral^. He bought the property about 
1767 for the sum of £10,000 from Mr Jeremiah Pemberton 
of Trumpington. As advertised for sale in the Cambridge 
Chronicle for 7th June 1766 it was described to be the 
manor, three farms, quitrents, &c. In their award, when 
in the possession of his son, the commissioners stated the 
land to amount to 487 a. 1 r. 8 p. Mr Baumgartner, great 
grandson to Mr Knight, is at present the lord of the manor : 
the rest of the estate, including the modern manor house, 
was sold off no long time ago to different individuals. 

Milton, in Cambridgeshire, as well as elsewhere, is a 
very common and natural contraction of a word which was 
anciently spelt in various ways, viz. Middeltun, Medilton, 
&c. Blomefield says of a village in Norfolk with the same 
name ^ — it was so called because it lay ' on a hill sur- 
rounded with low ground, marshes, and water.' Probably 
we shall not be wrong, if we suppose that in a somewhat 
similar manner, from the circumstances of its position, our 
village obtained its name, and then that such name, being 
extended to all the land, which adjoined it, and belonged 
to it, became likewise in time the name of a distinct 

^ Foss' Judges of England, Vol. vii. pp. 149, &c. 

2 Bentham and Stevenson's Hist, of Ely Cathedral, Vol. i. p. 263 ; 
Vol. II. p. 132. Nichols' Literary Anecdotes, Vol. v. pp. 354, &c.; 
Memoirs of the Life of Mr. William Whiston, pp. 192, 195. 

3 Hist, of Norfolk, Vol. iv. p. 645. 



23 

parisli. In fact what took place in Milton may have been, 
and most probably was, the very reverse of what took place 
in Horningsey, for the parish was in this instance, at least, 
so called from the village. 

Blomefield equally points out how he imagines the word 
Middeltun to have been derived — Mid-Le-Ton. But in this 
matter he is unquestionably wrong : it consists only of 
two, not of three words, both of which came from the 
Anglo-Saxons, to whom the village therefore owed its 
origin and first settlement. Leaving the word middel, as 
presenting no difficulty, it may be added that tun is one 
of those terminations, which, instead of being common to 
many, point out infallibly a particular nation. England 
is, and ever has been, ' pre-eminently the land of hedges 
and inclosures.'' What in this respect it was formerly, it 
is now, and thus testifies both to the seclu?iveness of cha- 
racter distinguishing the Anglo-Saxon race, and, it is also 
thought, to the advanced state of agriculture which flou- 
rished among them. Tun seems to have been the inclosure 
for the cattle, as barton was the inclosure for the bear, or 
gathered crop borne by the land. Soon, however, tun 
must have come to signify a few scattered houses, and 
eventually what we understand by a village ^ Singularly 
enough, even in the present day, ' town ' is the regular 
word for the village in the mouths of its inhabitants, so 
also on the church plate, and in the parish documents. 

The parish of Milton, which is on the very edge of 
the fen district to the south, is bounded on the east by 
the Cam, on the north by Waterbeach and Landbeach, on 
the west by Landbeach and Impington, or rather, perhaps, 
by Beach Way, the modern name for the ancient Akeman 
Street^, and on the south by Chesterton. As regards the 
two old encampments, each of which forms part of the 

\ Words and Places, pp. 117, 366, 458, 484. 
" Ihid. p. 465 ; Hist, of Landbeach, p. 3. 



24 

boundary between Milton and Chesterton, one called Arbury, 
and the other being situated near King's Hedges, recourse 
must be had elsewhere \ For they are both in Chesterton 
parish, and therefore, like the Akeman Street, do not really 
belong to the present compilation. 

Milton is in the hundred of North Stow, the division 
of Cambridge, the union of Chesterton, and district of Wil- 
lingham. The village stands three miles and a half to the 
north of Cambridge. 

An Act of Parliament for the inclosure of Milton was pro- 
cured in 1800, and the award of the commissioners for carry- 
ing it out is dated 8th July 1802. The parish was declared 
by those commissioners to contain 1378 a. 2r. 4 p., whereof 
157 a. 1 r. 32 p. were then copyhold, though 30 a. 1 r. 7 p. out 
of this quantity were held not of the manor of Milton, but of 
the manors of Waterbeach cum Denney, and Impington. The 
public roads and ways took up 21 a. 3 r. 24 p. 

By means of a general summary placed at the end of the 
award we are enabled to glean some information respecting 
the previous, if not the ancient, condition of this parish. At 
the time of the inclosure it had three fens I Lug fen and 
Backsbite fen were both of them in the neighbourhood of the 
river. The third comprised a district to the north of both 
called simply the fen, otherwise land fen. The first fen had 
its name from the flags, or wild irises, wherewith it abounded, 
and whose flower-petals were in shape like the ears of a dog. 
It was once divided into high lug and low lug. Backsbite, or 
Baitsbite, the name of the second fen, will be explained here- 
after. The arable land was distributed into five fields, styled 
severally Backsbite, South, Middle, Mill, and Island, field. 
The reason for the names of four of these fields is very evi- 
dent; the last name we may conceive to have arisen from the 

1 Professor Cardale Babington's Ancient Cambridgeshit'e, pp. 10, 
73, 74. 

" The Manor Rolls for 1640 make mention of Knaves' Fen. 



26 

presence of some fen island in that north-eastern part of the 
parish, or from the waj in which it was bounded. 

Milton possessed six closes : Dovehouse, Hill, Rje, 
Cherry, Picked, and Camping, close. The first two were near 
the manor house, the former of them being intimately con- 
nected with it, and indeed, of right belonging to it : the latter 
might be supposed to have derived its name from an ancient 
barrow on it, (which, however, has been recently taken 
away,) but Cole, as we may see in a note to the will of 
Thomas Campion, deems Hill close a misnomer for Hall 
close, because the manor house stood there. Rye and Cherry 
closes adjoined each other, the one containing about six, the 
other about thirteen acres. Both of them recal the names of 
articles, which are no longer to be found at Milton as regular 
crops, for rye has ceased in that parish, no less than else- 
where, to be cultivated in order to make bread of, and cherry 
orchards, which were once not uncommon in this district, no 
longer exist. What Picked close may mean is far from 
clear: this portion of land was in the neighbourhood of the 
manor house, and is now included within its grounds. The 
Camping close contained 2 r. 26 p. : it is at present a portion 
of the rectorial property, and close to the parsonage. It was 
annexed to the rectory, 18th February, 1652-3, the rector, 
however, was to pay for it an annual rent of six shillings and 
eight pence. Such plots of ground, given, and set apart, for 
the playing of a particularly favourite game^ were once not 
uncommon among our villages : would that every one of them 
had its play-ground now! Pound piece may have derived its 
name from the existence therein of the usual place of tempo- 
rary confinement for straying cattle. Northward and south- 
ward lower doles were so called, because, instead of being the 
property of one individual, they were jointly owned, as the 
word doles shews, by several. Formerly the name of the 
whole plot was leva'dole furlong. 

^ Forby's Vocabulary of East Anglia. 



26 

The earliest mode of communication by road between 
Cambridge and Ely lay over the Akeman Street. When the 
villages of Milton and Landbeach had been formed, the land 
traffic, such as it was, passed through them, at least, in part, 
for the old Roman road continued in use through the whole 
distance, until the inclosure of Chesterton parish took place, 
as a track for carts, and occasionally for such horsemen, as 
were very particular about having to pay turnpike dues. By 
the middle of the sixteenth century the direction of the road- 
way had undergone a partial change, for, branching off to- 
wards the right from Milton pond, it then led over Water- 
beach meadow, so that the persons who used it were no 
longer obliged to pass through the village of Landbeach. 
This alteration, however, was in reality a trespass, or, more 
properly, an encroachment. For in a terrier belonging to 
Landbeach parish, and dated so far back as 1549, we find it 
said — ' semitam ex 'permissione diicentem a Medilton Crosse 
versus Dennye^.' Possibly it had been found by the inhabi- 
tants of Milton, that a road in such a direction was a readier 
means of intercourse between themselves and their neighbours. 
Through the lapse of time, the permission, originally granted 
as a favour by the owners of the soil, became looked upon as 
a right, and, consequently, when in 1763 an Act of Parlia- 
ment was passed for improving the highway between Cam- 
bridge and Ely, this new piece of road from Milton Pond to 
Goose-halP was therein authoritatively styled, (which indeed 
it really had been for two centuries,) ' the Right Hand 
branch.' Such however was not the opinion of Mr Masters, 
rector of Landbeach. For in the course of some proceed- 

^ Hist, of Landbeach, p. 33. 

2 Goose-hall, or, as it is in the maps, Goose-house, standing in Land- 
beach parish, was so named from a practice which, since the introduction 
of railways, has entirely ceased. For previously large numbers of geese 
were wont to be driven periodically along the highway from the northern 
part of the Isle of Ely to London, and here, next after Ely, they rested 
during the night. 



I 



27 

ings unsuccessfully taken by himself and his parishioners to 
prevent the Act from being carried out, he affirmed that it 
was even then ' no road for carriages, only a sort of vague 
road (over commons and meadows) to Denney,' and therefore 
that they ought not to be compelled to render it fit for traffic. 
Subsequently, at the time of the inclosure, another, and a 
very short deviation from this usurped track was made 
through the influence of Mr Knight, the lord of the manor, 
who resided in the parish, and whom it chiefly concerned. 
The road to Ely, as we have seen, had by 1549 turned off at 
the pond, and begun to run close to the church, and just in 
front of what in recent times at least became the manor house. 
About 1801 a new direction was given to it at this point, the 
direction, in fact, which it has at present. The inclosure 
commissioners refer to this in the following passage of their 
award — ' having set out in its ancient (?) direction the turnpike 
road called the Ely road, so far as the same leads through the 
parish of Milton, (except where the same passes through the 
old mclosures) of the breadth of sixty feet.' 

The -word Backsbite, now written Baitsbite, which has 
occurred as the common designation of a fen and a field in 
Milton, is a corruption. In the manor rolls for 1634 Basebitt 
furlong occurs, and in 1657 Basebitt corner. 'Base' must 
refer either to the low position, or to the utter worthlessness 
of the 'bitt' of land so called: most probably to the latter, 
though it might well take in both. The small house with 
its garden near the river, which all persons are accustomed to 
call by the same name, was built by, and belongs to, the 
Conservators of the river Cam, as a residence for one of 
their ofiicers. It was an encroachment made to the detri- 
ment of the charity estate, but not at length without giving 
compensation. 

A reference to Milton cross has been made. We hardly 
needed such a notice to feel assured that Milton formerly 
possessed one, since it would undoubtedly have been difficult, 



28 

before the establishment of the Reformation, to find any 
village without a similar aid to devotion. What, however, 
we cannot settle, is the exact spot whereon it stood (a point 
of inferior moment), by reason, as it would appear, of the 
non-occurrence of the least fragment thereof: still we know 
from a circumstance already mentioned, that it was some- 
where in the centre of the village, and at no great distance 
from the church ; possibly at the turn of the road leading 
down to it. 

We need not hesitate to reckon Milton among the pretty 
villages of Cambridgeshire. It is very compact, and though 
not remarkable for any feature particularly suited to attract 
the attention, has an air about it which is pleasant and 
agreeable. The position of the church and rectory contri- 
bute much to the general effect, being just far enough re- 
moved from the main street of the village to be perfectly 
retired, and yet not so much so, as to become unseen or in- 
accessible. 

The only house, which requires a remark, is what has for 
some time been called the manor-house. The lord of the 
manor of course always had a residence in the parish, though 
not exactly on this spot. Judge Cooke, who died in 1553, 
built here what Cole terms a farm house. He affirms, too, 
that it was built out of the ruins and spoils of Denney or 
some neighbouring abbey, which had recently been dissolved 
and sold^ : this may easily have been the case, and would 
account for the many pieces of worked stone to be found in 
various parts of the village. The present building is due to 
the Reverend Samuel Knight, and to the year 1772. Judge 
Cooke's ' farm house,' however, as it seems, was not entirely 
destroyed ; it was only at that time substantially repaired, 
and rendered a fit habitation for the lord of the manor, whose 
residence it may indeed have been ever since the original 

^ See his remarks on the will of Thomas Campion. 



29 

and proper manor house had fallen into decay. Cole, who 
liad come in 1770 from Waterbeach to reside at Milton, 
writes : ' I made choice of this place for my residence ; one of 
its recommendations was its privacy and solitude.' Again, 
under the date 9th July 1772 : ' I have seen no one all the time, 
except the squire of the parish, as they call him here, a rich 
clergyman, who called upon me yesterday morning. This 
gentleman having, about five years ago, purchased the chief 
part of the parish, has to my no small mortification taken it 
into his head to like the situation, and is now actually build- 
ing a good house to reside in\' On his removal to Milton Mr 
Knight brought with him a variety of manuscripts written by 
Dr Patrick, bishop of Ely, by his father and others, parti- 
cularly a large quantity of Strype's correspondence, now 
bound up in ten volumes, together with Bishop Patrick's own 
autobiography^. These, by the kindness of Mr Baumgartner, 
who has been before mentioned, have lately been deposited in 
the University Library at Cambridge^. 

The feast, which lasts a few days, used to begin on Mid- 
lent Sunday, * being the first in the year ; ' that is, so long as 
the year was considered to commence on the 25th of March, 
Midlent Sunday very frequently, though not always, fell 
after it. Midlent, or feast, Sunday was ' vulgarly called 
Pease-porridge Sunday*;' just as at Waterbeach, the Sunday 
preceding the feast has always gone, and still goes, by the 
name of Furmety Sunday, and in both cases, of course, for a 
similar reason. Mr Champnes, the vicar, changed the day 
with the consent of the churchwardens, and it is now the 
second Sunday in May, because the village festivities, which 

^ Warburton's Life of Horace Walpole, Vol. ii. p. 388. 

^ This had been printed for publication in 1839. There are some 
remarks about it in the Memoirs of the Life of Mr William Whiston, 
p. 353. 

3 They are marked Add. MSS. 1 to 88. 

* Carter's Hist, of Cambridgeshire, 



80 

naturally attended upon the feast, were found to bring with 
them, especially from the proximity of Cambridge, too m.uch 
riot and disorder. 

We learn very little respecting the names of the in- 
habitants of Milton, Sir William de Middleton, one of the 
two lords of the town in 1289, no doubt, lived here. 
Thomas de Frebern, John Mapoudere, William Town, 
Stephen Herberd and Petronilla his wife, with Thomas 
Godechild, occur in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, 
as the majority of them had occurred a century before. 
William Foote was returned in 1433 among the resident 
gentry of Cambridgeshire^. Richard E-ichardes is said to 
have lent Queen Elizabeth £25 on 29th May, 1588 ^ 
Richardes is the name of a family frequently mentioned, 
as we shall see, in connexion with the wills and charity 
trusts of the parish. Some of the lords of the manor 
assuredly dwelt on their property, as we know Judge 
Cooke did and others in more modern times. Nor must 
the Bev. William Cole, the celebrated antiquary, be for- 
gotten : indeed, it would not be far from the truth to add, 
that he was the man of chief importance among all, who 
had at any time made Milton their place of residence. 
For more than two years he had been curate to Mr 
Masters at Waterbeach. Not, however, liking the place 
because of the frequent inundations, and its many other 
discomforts, he 'repaired and in a manner rebuilt an old 
house belonging to King's College,' on the higher ground 
of Milton, with the intention of getting into it by Christ- 
mas^ 1769, which intention he did accomplish at the fol- 
lowing Lady day^ In this house, standing on the right 
hand of the road leading towards what now goes com- 



^ Fuller's Worthies of England, Vol. i. p. 245, edit. 1840. 
^ Cooper's Annals of Cambridge, Vol. ii. p. 452. 
^ Hist, of Waterheach, p. 17. 



81 

monly bj the name of Baitsbite, and which he was wont 
to style his hermitage^, he lived and prosecuted his valu- 
able labours with wonderful industry and perseverance 
until his death in December, 1782. He left directions for 
his burial in a vault under the old wooden belfry of 
S. Clement's church, Cambridge, and for the building of 
a tower over it by way of monument after the decease of 
his sister Jane\ This was at length done in 1821, and 
on the west front of the tower, in remembrance of the 
donor, and in compliance with his express wish, were 
added, certainly with questionable taste, the words, ilBEuni 
Qtolt, Mr Cole embedded in the walls of his house several 
pieces of old worked stone, which are still to be seen 
there ; and he records that he had in his hermitage in 
his garden, in 1775, 'a piece of black touch [stone] evi- 
dently the top, or cover of an altar tomb, workmanship of 
the age of Edw. III.' being, as he conceived, a relic of the 
tomb of the Lady Mary de S. Paul, the foundress of Denney 
Abbey ^ 

. The population of Milton has nearly doubled in the 
course of the last sixty years, having been, at the taking 
of the census in 1801, 272; whilst by 1861 it had reached 
494*. It still goes on increasing, contrary to what is the 
case in some neighbouring parishes, as we may judge 
from the new cottages which are gradually springing up 

1 ^ Ibid. p. 18. There is a view of Cole's Hermitage, by Essex, taken 
25th June, 1773 ; and a long account of it by himself in his MSS., Vol. 
XXXIII. pp. 386, &c. 

2 Life of Horace Waljyole, Vol. ii. pp. 373,442 ; Cooper's Memorials 
of Gamhridge, Vol. iii. p. 266. 

3 MSS. Vol. XIX. foil. 125, 126 ; Vol. xxxvi. p. 153 ; Vol. xlyi. p. 
; 377 ; Hist, of TTaterbeach, p. 106. 

|, * 1676 — 85 inhabitants, 35 (?) families, 1 popish recusant. No dis- 
senter. 

1728 — 170 inhabitants, 40 families, 6 dissenters, 
1782—224 inhabitants, 39 families. 



32 

here and there, no less than from the small Meeting-house 
belonging to the Particular Baptist connexion, which. has 
been recently erected. 

The Great Eastern Railway to Norwich runs quite 
through the lower, or fen, part of the parish, nearly parallel 
with the Cam, though no station has been built for the 
accommodation of the inhabitants of the village. 

The present owners of land are — the rector, King's 
College, Pembroke College, the Reverend Dr Archdall- 
Gratwicke, Professor C. C. Babington, Mrs Denson, and 
Mr GunnelL 



m\ 



33 



THE CHURCH. 

There may have been, and was, we may feel assured, 
at a very early period, a church of some sort in Milton ; on 
the same spot, too, whereon the present church stands. Since 
the village owed its name, and consequently its original for- 
mation, to the Anglo-Saxons, it is natural indeed to suppose 
that the due worship of God was not neglected by them on 
their conversion to Christianity. Besides, the establishment 
for secular canons at Horningsey, which must have been 
founded by the beginning of the ninth century, was suffi- 
( ciently near to provoke to emulation such owners of the soil 
I a,s had the means of thus benefiting in religious matters them- 
selves and their dependents. Members of that establishment 
may even have been leaders in the movement, and by their 
[assistance, no less than by their example, have contributed 
much towards promoting the spiritual good of the inha- 
bitants of so inconsiderable a village, as Milton then was. 
.Respecting the existence, liowever, of any such public build- 
[ing (which could hardly have been of any other materials 
than wood and thatch), we know nothing : we must content 
ourselves with conjecture. But, whatever was the case in 
.those primitive times, we cannot avoid considering it certain, 
ithat the tenth century did not pass over without the erection 
)f such a church as has just been described, or possibly, of 
I more costly one. For at tliat period Brihtnoth, the first 
'bbot of Ely, and the second founder of its monastery, an 
nergetic and serious-minded man, had acquired, on behalf of 

3 



34 

himself and his Benedictine brethren, the whole of the parish, 
and we ought charitably to imagine them not to have been 
indifferent to the interests of religion. 

Thus, a church of some kind or other having been 
erected, Brihtnoth must likewise have become the joint patron 
with his clergy of the living. Besides, the" abbot and monks 
of Ely no doubt continued uninterruptedly to make presenta- 
tions thereto until the latter half of the eleventh century, 
inasmuch as from Domesday Booh we perceive the land with 
its rights to have been down to the Norman Conquest, and, 
it may be, a little later, in their hands. Edward the Con- 
fessor confirmed, we are told, the monastery at Ely in their 
possessions and privileges at Milton in the county of Cam- 
bridge, and out of the Isle of Ely. 

In due time, however, after 1066, matters changed, and 
very considerably for the worse spiritually as well as tem- 
porally. The abbot and his monks were ousted from this 
property, and compelled to give way both in the parish and 
in the church to a man, whom among themselves they were 
naturally wont to believe, and whom one of their number re- 
joiced to have an opportunity of describing, as a monster of 
iniquity. Picot, the Sheriff of Cambridgeshire, being a 
Norman, and of the conquering race, of course carried every 
thing with a high hand, and, having his sovereign to back 
him, thought more of increasing his own possessions than 
of consulting the feelings and interests of those, who fell 
under his power. He may really have deserved the lan- 
guage of Thomas the monkish chronicler of Ely, strong as it 
is, and been in some way relatively to the monastery 'leo 
famelicus, lupus oberrans, vulpes subdola, sus lutulenta, 
canis impudens;' still there seems to be as large a portion! 
of abuse, as truth in the words. Without wishing to appear i 
disposed to favour one, who, like his equals and contempo- 
raries, shewed too much of the ' animus Getulus ' in his deal- 
ings with the English, it ought to be mentioned to his ad- 



I 



35 

vantage, that he built in 1092 the church of S. Giles in Cam- 
bridge, and endowed there a body of six canons regular 
with some church patronage, and with considerable revenues 
issuing out of the various demesne lands attached to his 
barony of Bourne, which also included the parish of Mid- 
dleton\ Still since he did this in gratitude to S. Giles, to 
whom he was assured and believed his wife's recovery from 
a dangerous illness was expressly due, he may have acted 
from a superstitious, rather than from a proper religious, 
feeling. 

In 1086 Picot, we are told, had succeeded the Abbot of 
Ely in the ownership of all the land in the parish : thus he 
likewise held, as a natural consequence, the advowson of 
the rectory. Notwithstanding, therefore, the unfavourable 
character so constantly attributed to him, he may (at all events 
through the instigation of his wife,) have attended in some 
degree to the spiritual interests of his newly-acquired people. 

The chancel arch of the present church, from its circular 
shape, is Norman, but not late in that style. Surely, the 
building of which it has long been the only relic, owed its 
foundation to him. He died at the very beginning of the 
twelfth century, so that there is no improbability in sup- 
posing him to have ordered its erection : in fact, no good 
reason exists for assigning it to any one else. 

The right to present to the rectory, as just remarked, 
followed according to custom the possession of the manor ; 
consequently in the middle of the thirteenth century, when 
we next obtain some definite knowledge about the affairs of 
Milton, this likewise must have passed with the manor from 
the sovereign to Eubulo de Montibus. Soon after 1253 it 
pertained to John de Soniery, from whom it came by marriage 

^ Hist, of Waterheach, p. 27. Queen Elizabeth, l7th June, 1560, 
granted to Bishop Heton all that her portion of tithes in Milton for- 
merly belonging to the priory of Barnwell, worth £Z. 6s. 8d, per annum. 
Ibid. p. 29. 

3—2 



36 

to the family of Le Strange. We again read of it, 6 Ric. II. 
[1382], in which year Rogerus Lestrange de Knokyn in 
Shropshire (who had died 26th August,) et Alicia ejus uxor, 
are declared to have Middleton manerium et advocacionera 
ecclesise ^. 

Some time between 1291 and 1348, probably about 1300, 
after the Le Strange family had become patrons of the advow- 
son, a great change in the management of the spiritual affairs 
of the parish was introduced. For the rector of that day ap- 
plied for, and obtained, permission from proper superior 
authority to appoint a vicar to officiate under him ; so that by 
this means two persons were instituted to the same church, 
and both, by reason of that act of institution, had cure of 
souls in Milton. In excuse for transactions of this kind it 
should be remarked, that the cure of souls was not necessarily 
connected anciently in the public mind with the profits of a 
benefice : so long as the duty was done, it mattered not who 
was the doer of it, the principal or his deputy. The rector 
was himself appointed by the lord of the manor, and he 
therefore henceforth put in a vicar or substitute to assist him 
in performing the duty, rather than to minister in his stead, to 
the people. Originally this vicar was little more than a 
stipendiary curate is now ; his salary was uncertain, and he 
was removable at pleasure. At length 4 Hen. IV, [1402] 
this state of things was changed : for the future vicar was to 
have perpetual possession of his cure, was to be canonically 
instituted and inducted, as well as sufficiently endowed, and 
thus our vicarages, in their present form, came into existence^ 
Of course, the natural effect in very many parishes of having 
a vicar in addition to the rector, was that the rector by the 

^ Calend. Inquisit. Post Mortem, Vol. iii, p. 50 ; White Kennet's 
Parochial Antiquities, Vol. ii, p, 165 ; Baker, MSS. Vol. xxviii. pp. 
213, 214. 

^ Stephens' Laws relating to the Clergy, Vol. ii. p. 1371 ; Hook's 
Church Dictionary. 



37 

mere force of custom at length considered himself entirely re- 
lieved from residence and from all spiritual charge. In fact, 
a mere sinecure, as regarded him, began to be created, an 
abuse which does not seem to have been originally contem- 
plated. But such was not for a very long time the case at 
Milton. The rector and the vicar both lived here at the 
same time, and each in his own peculiar dwelling, whence 
it was in reality benefited, so long as such a laudable practice 
was continued, by having two supervisors instead of one. 
Moreover, it was not an unusual circumstance for the rector to 
omit to appoint a vicar, and to take upon himself the oversight 
of his flock in a double capacity, working the parish like 
other beneficed clergymen, and only calling in the assistance 
of a curate, when from ill health, or any similarly allowable 
cause, the presence of a fellow-labourer was rendered indispen- 
sable. The actual sinecure, therefore, as manifested by an 
endowed rector deeming himself free, notwithstanding his 
institution, from residence as well as duty, did not exist at 
Milton except in comparatively modern times, nor even then 
uninterruptedly, and in so small a parish could do little harm : 
the positive and unmitigated evil came when the vicar, also, 
as eventually happened, followed the example of the rector, 
and became himself equally non-resident, serving his cure from 
Cambridge. During more than five centuries the parish had 
thus two sets of clergymen oflScially connected more or less 
with it; in 1846, however, the rectory and the vicarage were 
consolidated^ in obedience to a recent act of Parliament, and 
can never again be held by separate individuals. 

' Ecclesia de Middletone non appropriata : est ibi rector et 
vicarius^, et taxatur ad xv marcas : solvit pro synodalibus ij^ 

^ At visitations the rector is required to pay also the ancient fees 
which were wont to be demanded of the vicar. 

^ The archdeacon's book mentions a few other parishes, which had 
both a rector and vicar : (Dry) Drayton, Barton, Orwell, Elm, Caxton, 
(Long) Stow, and Bukele (Brinckley 1). Of (Cherry) Hinton it is said — 



38 

iiij*^ : procurationibus xviij"^ : denariis sancti Petri ij^ : orna- 
menta sunt hsec : duo missalia ^ sufficientia : iiij gradalia : 
(unum menubrum^ cristallinum :) duo troperia: j antipbo- 
narium : ij legende, quarum j bona et alia in duobus 
voluminibus : j manuale : turribulum bonum : tria paria 
vestimentorum cum pertinentiis ^ : j calix bonus et alius 
debilis : iij rocbete : vij superpellicia : crismatorium bonum : 
(ij candelabra?): iij phiole: pixis eburnea^: ij cruces: cappa 
chori : ij frontalia : ij turribula : lanterna : j vexillum : velum 
templi ^ : item unum vestimentum cum casula alba : stola : 
crux argentea : manipulum ^ cum optimis paruris : tunica dal- 
matica et capa chori : et unus pannus de baldekyno "^ de 
dono domini Kadulphi rectoris.' 

The manuscript, from which the foregoing account has 
been extracted, and which still exists in the library of Caius 
College, is of great value in relation to everything, that can 
come within the designation of ancient church furniture, 
and even as to some other parochial matters. It is unques- 

non appropriata, qxmre est ibi vicarius et rector; and certain larger 
payments than they otherwise would have been, are ascribed to Whit- 
tlesford (and Rampton) quia solebat habere vicarium, as well as a 
rector. 

1 For an account of these service-books recourse must be had to 
Maskell's Mon. Rit. Eccles. Angl. Vol. i. or some similar work. 

^ The menubrum, a word which only occurs this once in the arch- 
deacon's book, must be the manubrius of Du Cange, and, therefore, a 
thuribulum or vas in quo thus reponitur. The writers of that book, 
clerks though they may have been, were by no means particular as to 
the gender, declension, or spelling, of their Latin words. 

^ Videlicet, cum tunica, dalmatica, et capa chori. 

^ The pyx was of every kind of material, — even of silk. 

^ Occasionally it is styled velum quadragesimale, or simply velum. 
Every church must have had one. Hist, of Waterbeach, p. 41, n. 

® Its other name was sudarium. 

^ Bawdkyn or cloth of Bawdkyn vras one of the richest and most 
precious species of stuffs, being composed of silk interwoven with 
threads of gold in a most sumptuous manner. The name came from the 
Persian city Baldac, or Babylon, whence it is reported to have been 
introduced into these western regions. * 



39 

tionably connected, as regards the writing, only with the 
fourteenth century, and would seem to have been at first 
designed to record the results of some visitations of Ealph 
de Fotheringay, Archdeacon of Ely from 1292 to his death 
in 1316. Three of his visitations are distinctly referred to, viz. 
in 1305, 1309, and 1311. The earliest date mentioned in the 
course of the numerous entries is 1304; the latest 1386. The 
year 1278 does indeed occur in the case of Wilburton, a 
parish of which the archdeacon had the great tithes, but the 
account of the furniture belonging to that parish was evi- 
dently inserted, as we may judge from the mere wording, 
in order to supply an omission — ' Ornamenta inventa in eadem 
(ecclesia) in festo sancti Michaelis anno domini m.cc.lxxviij 
sunt hec' Moreover, Ralph de Walpole, who became bishop 
of Norwich in 1288, is described as lately archdeacon. 

The writing is of several different periods, which are 
easily distinguishable from one another; but the least ancient, 
for a reason just given, is unable to be pronounced not to be 
* later than 1349.' The year to be assigned as the commence- 
ment of the manuscript must be quite at the beginning of 
the fourteenth century. For under Wisbech we find two 
entries, of which the second and later one begins thus: 'Item, 
in visitatione Magistri E,. de ffodr. Archidiaconi Elyensis 
anno domini m.ccc°.xj.' Probably we have in the earliest 
portions of the manuscript certain notices of church furniture, 
&c. which were the result of his visitation in 1309. This 
was not, as we know, actually his first visitation, but it may 
have been the first whose results were carefully and diligently 
recorded. 

The suppression of altars throughout the diocese of Ely 
took place 7th December, 1550, toward the end of the episco- 
pate of Bishop Goodrich. On that day a general assembly 
of the rectors, vicars, curates, and churchwardens was held in 
the church belonging to the parish of the Holy Trinity, Cam- 



40 



bridge, when a sermon was preached by Matthew Parker, at 
that time rector of Landbeach, and the holy scripture ex- 
pounded in English. Afterwards Edward Leedys, Bishop 
Goodrich's commissary, and Vicar General \ commanded that 
all altars existing in the various churches and chapels of 
the several deaneries within the diocese of Ely should be 
destroyed and thrown down by the approaching festival of 
Christmas. 

Copy of a Eecord in the Public Record Office, entitled 
' Church Goods, Cambridg-e, tempore Edw. VI. Ex- 
chequer, Court of Augmentations.' Miscellaneous BookSj 
Vol. 495. 
Mylton. This is a trewe and perfect Inventorie indented 
made and taken the iiijth day of August Anno 
Regni Regis E. vj. sexto [1552] by us Richarde 
Wylkes Gierke Henry Gooderyche and Thomas 
RudstonEsquyres^ commyssioners emongest others 
assigned for the surveye and vieu of all manner 
of goodes, plate, jewelles, belles, and orniamentes 
as yet be remayninge forthecomynge and be- 
longing to y* paroche Churche there, as hereafter 
foloweth. 
Plate. Fyrst there is one Chalyce of Sylver poids xx*^ 

ounces. 
Ornam*^ Item, one vestem* deacon and subdeacon of 
blewe sylke, one olde Cope of redde sylke w'^'^ y® 
deacon and subdeacon of y^ same sylke, one 
vestem* of blacke saye, one other vestem* of whight 
chamlett. 
Belles. Item, in y® steple there iij Belles, one sanctus 

belP. 

^ Cooper's Athence Cantab. 

2 History of Waterdeach, pp. 42, 43, notes. 

^ This seems to have been the usual number of bells. "Waterbeach, 
Landbeach, and Horningsey, had the same. For sanctus bell see Hist, 
of Landbeach, p. 76, n. 



41 

All which parcelles above wrytton be delivered 
and comytted by us the saide Commyssioners 
unto y^ salve kepynge of Henry Harte Richarde 
Foote and John Lawrence parisheoners there, to 
be att all tymes forthcomynge to be answered: 
Except and reserved and the saide chalyce, and 
the saide cope of redde sylke w*'^ y^ vestem* of 
blewe sylke, delyvered to John Fytzsone (Fyson?) 
and Richarde Barker Churchwardens there for 
thonlie mayntenaunce of dyvyne servyce in y^ 
saide paroche churche. 

Henry Goderick. Ric. Wilkes. Thomas Rudstone- 

Thomas Hyssam Vicar. 

Richard Barker. 

John Fytzsone x his mark. 

The wills made early in the sixteenth century by inhabit- 
ants of Milton are extremely useful in affording us glimpses 
of the state of the church, and church matters, at that period. 
Ten of them will be given hereafter. 

Two gilds were held in the church, the gild of All Hal- 
lows or All Saints, and the gild of S. Katerine^ The high 
altar is mentioned, and the rood loft : bequests are likewise 
left to the Sepulchre light ^, and to the torches required for 
processions. The church was then thatched with reeds, as, 
most probably, were the great majority of country churches, 
and other large buildings, and as indeed some still are. The 
use of tiles was clearly uncommon, from the circumstance of a 
tenement given by Eose Cokk to her husband being called for 



^ Hist, of Waterbeach, p. 40. 

2 Hid. pp. 60, 61. Wardens of the Sepulchre light, and indeed of 
every light appropriated to a special purpose, were wont at one time at 
least to be annually elected, as well as wardens of the church. Cooper's 
Memorials of Cambridge, Vol. in. p. .370, n. In the East Anglian, 
Vol. III. p. 79, mention is made, under the date 1537, of the election of 
an Alderwoman, and Warden of the Lady's light. 



42 

distinction's sake the tiled house. ' Our lady's chapel ' occurs 
in John Nicholson's will, who desires his executors to glaze 
one window therein. Was the manor chapel intended? 
That belonged of right to a particular family, and we might 
suppose that no one, except the lord would take upon himself 
to offer, or would be allowed, to do any thing to it either by 
way of reparation or improvement. But on the other hand in 
1685 the lord's tenants were ordered by ecclesiastical 
authority to repair that chapel, and consequently John 
Nicholson's will may well be considered to refer to it, though 
surely his direction could not be carried out unless with the 
lord's sanction. 

The right of presenting to the rectory of Milton had 
always been hitherto in the lord of the manor; at length, 
some time during the reign of Qaeen Elizabeth, and, possibly, 
towards the very end of it, this right got separated from the 
manor, though under what circumstances does not appear \ 
It became vested in the Reverend Dr Goade, provost of King's 
College, who may have presented himself somewhere about 
the year 1600. Dr Goade died in 1610, and left the ad vow- 
son first to the members of his family in succession, and then 
to his college. The following extract from his will, dated 
9 January 1608-9, is printed on the authority of Baker : — 

' I appoint my second son Thomas y^ rectory of Milton, he 
to be thereunto presented by my eldest son Matthew in whom 
the interest of the parsonage is of trust. And upon vacation 
of the same rectory by death or otherwise from time to time, ^ 
I will that y^ said presentation shall be to such other of my 
sons successively as shall be capable thereof. And upon de- 
fault of any such my sons, then my son Matthew, his heirs or 
executors, shall present such capable person to the said rec- 
tory, being provost, or then fellow, of the said King's College, 

^ There may exist docmnents in the treasury of King's College, 
which can explain it. 



I 



43 

and a minister, as he or they shall best like of pro una vice 
tantum. And afterwards I give the said patronage to the 
said King's College perpetuis futuristemporibus to be conveied 
bj good assurance in Lawe to the provost and schollars and 
their successors from mj said son Matthew, his heirs or exe- 
cutors.' 

On the restoration of Charles II. the rectory was for 
that turn in the patronage of the crown, wherefore Dr Which- 
cote, as will be mentioned more particularly hereafter, was 
then obliged to vacate the preferment, which he had already 
held for about nine years in order that the crown might ex- 
ercise the privilege given to it by law. ' For the king has 
not only the right of presenting t© churches as supreme patron, 
which lapse to him during his own reign, but also such as 
may have lapsed to any of his predecessors, who have taken 
no advantage therefrom. When lapse incurs to the king, it 
cannot be taken away by the patron or the ordinary^.' 

The vicar in later times went occasionally by the name of 
sequestrator, as indeed he actually was, and for a reason which 
admits of an easy explanation. ' Sometimes a benefice is kept 
under sequestration for many years together, or wholly ; name- 
ly, when it is of so small value, that no clergyman fit to serve 
the cure will be at the charge of taking it by institution^' 

Something must now be said respecting the annual value 
of the rectory and vicarage. And first of the rectory. The 
Rotuli Hundredorum is the earliest document to which any 
reference is possible, but they do not state any thing ^definite 
as to the income of the rector : they merely record the fact 
that an endowment of land had been made to him by the 
founders of the church, whoever are meant by the expression. 
These thirty acres, with apparently a house for the tenant 
were at that time in the hands of a man named Alan Textor, 

^ Stephens' Laws relating to the Clergy, Vol. i. p. 593. 

2 H)i(j Yo\. II. p. 1246 ; Memorials of Camhridge, Vol. iii. p. 372, n. 



44 

or Alan the weaver. If, however, we go to the Taxatio Ec- 

clesiastica, which was drawn up in 1291, twelve years, later, 

we find the following passage : 

£. s. d. 

Ecclia de Middelton 15 6 8 

Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem . . 3 6 8^ 

The sum last named would seem to represent the worth of the 
tithes arising from his demesne land at Milton, which we 
have seen Pigot, who founded the abbey subsequently trans- 
ferred from Cambridge to Barnwell, assigned to the head of] 
his religious establishment there towards its support. We 
may now come to the King's Book, from which we learn that ( 
in 1535 the rectory was set at £4. 6s. lid. Baker tells us that i 
its annual value was £100, and in Adam Elliott's days it was f 
returned at £120. Whichcote in 1656 recorded that neither 
the rector nor the vicar paid firstfruits, but that they both 
paid tenths. 

The vicar is not mentioned even in the later of the two 
documents belonging to the thirteenth century quoted above. I 
We first read about him in relation to temporal affairs in the 
book containing the transactions of the manor of Waterbeach 
cum Denney. There the vicar of Milton is recorded to have 
been presented and fined no less than five times between 2 
and 19 Edw. IV. [1462-1479] for a variety of offences— for 
putting his cattle in the common of the raannor, where he 
hath no common — for trespassing with his beastes in fladis 
domine et tenentium — for not mending and defending the 
hallowe from water — for digginge xvj'^ turfies in the marshes 
beyonde his common contrary to the by lawe, and a precept 
to seize them to the ladies^ use as forfeited — for having 
frequently transgressed within the demesne. 

The same priest did not hold the vicarage during the 
whole of these eighteen years, consequently we learn from 
this detail of offences something respecting their being 

^ Taxatio Ecdesiastica (ed. 1802), p. 266. 
' The abbess of Denney. 



45 

constant residents in the parish, and something too, as to the 
mode of improving their income, which they were obliged to 
adopt. The King's Book sets the vicarage at £4. 16s. O^d. 
When Edward Johnson was vicar, the value of his living was 
considered by the officials of the earl of Manchester to be £18 
per annum. Baker placed it at £25, whilst in Elliott's time 
it was thought to be worth only £15. It is singular that in 
1535 the vicarage should have been valued at a higher sum 
than the rectory. There had been from 1699 (the first year 
of its existence) a land-tax of £4 on the vicarage. This was 
taken off, from and after 29th of September 1819, by duly 
appointed commissioners under the provisions of an Act of 
Parliament 57 Geo. III. cap. 100. About 1776, the sum of 
£400 was granted to the vicar by the governors of Queen 
Anne's bounty : when Mr Chapman became rector, he declined 
the receipt of the dividends accruing therefrom, and caused 
the grant to be cancelled. 

Milton is in the deanery of Chesterton, and Archdeaconry 
of Ely. The church of Milton, like that of the contiguous 
parishes of Landbeach, Cottenham, and Hampton, is dedicated 
to All Saints. As regards the majority of the churches of 
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, the remark seems worth 
making, that 42 are dedicated to S. Mary, 24 to All Saints, 
20 to S. Andrew \ 16 to S. Peter, and 8 to the Holy Trinity. 

Milton church has a nave, a chancel, and a south porch, 
covered with tiles : a west tower, and a north and south aisle 
covered with lead ; and a vestry covered with slates. At the 
beginning of the sixteenth century it was all thatched with 
reeds. There is a pen-and-ink view of the south side of the 
church in Cole, to which is attached the date 24th July, 1744. 
He speaks of the church generally as ' an awkward kind of 
church, small lowe something dark and not very neate :' 

^ S. Andrew was especially honoured in and around Cambridge, one 
third of the churches within a range of five miles being dedicated to him. 



46 

moreover, it must, from his reference wliich is given below, 
have been uncomfortably damp^. 

The tower is Later Decorated, and wanting in height. It 
has a buttress of two stages at its south-west and north-west 
corners, and also, two other buttresses at its north and south 
sides, which are the latest as well as the highest, and of three 
stages each. On the south face is a human head carved in 
stone : it is out of its proper position, having been probably 
the termination to a hood-mould, and possibly, that over the 
East window. It does not now quite fulfil the object of him 
who put it where it is, which must have been ornamentation 
rather than preservation, from its being uncomfortably and 
unnecessarily elevated. The upper part of the tower, or the 
steeple, with its plain battlemented parapet, has been super- 
added at two different times. The steeple was, and still i| 
continues to be, regularly fitted up internally as a pigeon- 
house by means of square holes cut in the four walls for the 
pigeons to build in. Such a beneficial appropriation of it, 
however, must be modern, and solely connected with the time, 
happily now passed by, and never again to recur, when the 
rectory had become in name and reality a sinecure. The 
tower has a clock on its west face, put up in 1848 at an ex- 
pense of £53, Immediately beneath it is what seems to be 
a portion of a gurgoyle. The money for the clock came 
chiefly from the directors of the Great Eastern Railway, as 
compensation for parish-land required by them for their 
works. A century and a half before a clock had existed on 
the tower. In the steeple are three bells. The inscriptions 
on the bells, beginning with the treble, are as follows : 1. Miles ■ 
Graye made me 1665 : 2. Thomas Newman^ made me 1717 :;.j 

1 Nash's History of Worcestershire, Vol. i. p. 4, ' 

^ Thomas Newman was a Norwich bell-founder. The inscription on 
the tenor bell at Kersey, near Hadleigh, in Suffolk, tells us where the 
foundry of the Grayes was, about which some doubt existed : — 
Samuel Sampson, churchwarden, I say. 
Caused me to be made by Colchester Graye, 1638. 



^ 



47 

3. Non clamor sed amor cantat in aure Dei, 1621. This last 
bell, though bearing no maker's name, has been pronounced 
by competent authority to be the work of Tobie Norris of 
Stamford, The tower-arch, which until lately was blocked 
.up with the usual singing gallery, is now entirely open, except 
that a small barrel-organ, standing on the floor, occupies some 
of the lower portion of it. Over the arch towards the nave 
are the words ' Praise the Lord.' 

The nave is Early Decorated, and, like the naves at 
Hockington and Horningsey, has no clear-story windows, 
small churches in old times rarely possessing any. Two 
windows indeed of three lights each are above the south 
arcade ; these could not however have formed part of the 
first plan, and must have been inserted long afterwards, 
perhaps late in the sixteenth century, or even subsequently, 
to remedy in some measure the too great darkness of that 
part of the church. Cole's sketch has them. 

The font, ' a rude block,' and old, is large and octagonal, 
with a carved wooden cover ^ of the Jacobean period. Similar 
covers are very common, and afford, it is said, striking 
proofs of ' the temporary revival of church principles during 
that era.' The font may be coeval with the nave : it stood in 
1744 against the second pillar of the north aisle, but is now 
placed in the centre of the church, nearly opposite the entrance 
door. Fonts, since the introduction of the pointed style of 
architecture, are commonly found in England, as at Milton, 
of an octagonal shape, because the number eight was consider- 
ed to symbolize regeneration. This notion is very ancient. 
The words even of an early Christian poet are : ' octagonus 
fons est ;' the reason assigned for it being, that as the old 
creation was completed in seven days, so eight, the next 

^ The font used to be kept locked, as ordered in 1236 by Edmund, 
Archbishop of Canterbury. ' This was done for fear of sorcery, though 
the manner of committing the offence does not appear.' Hook's Arch- 
bishops of Canterbury, Vol. iii. p. 182 ; Hist, of Landheach, p. 75, n. 



48 

number in the series, rightly stands for our new creation in 
Christ Jesus : 

'Hoc numero decuit sacri Baptismatis aulam 
Surgere.' 

The pillars, capitals and arches of both arcades are good, 
but they extend only two thirds of the way down the nave 
from the east. On the south of the chancel arch is what 
must have been a squint, or hagioscope, and designed for the 
benefit of those, who worshipped in the manor chapel. The 
nave, on the outside, retains its original pitch, and has at the 
east a portion probably of the stump of a stone cross : it was 
cieled, on account of the coldness of the church, by Mr Knight 
when rector. The woodwork of the roof belongs, like the cover 
of the font, to the early part of seventeenth century. The 
windows towards the west end of the nave are of four lights, 
and, being exactly similar to them, may have been put in at 
the same time with those above the arcade on the south ^. 
The pulpit and reading-desk were introduced at the expense 
of the present rector: the lectern was an Easter offering 
made in 1865 by the Eeverend Dr Giles, the present owner 
and occupant of the manor house with its grounds. Over the 
north arcade has been painted ' G od is a Spirit, and they 
that worship Him must worship Him in spirit and in 
truth :' over the south arcade ' The Lord is in His holy 
temple, let all the earth keep silence before Him.' 

The north aisle, containing only three bays, the third or 
westernmost being half the width of the two others, was 
rebuilt in 1864 through the exertions of the Rev. John 
Chapman. The whole interior of the church was reseated 
and rearranged at the same time, a sum of £530 having been 
raised for all the above purposes by means of the contribu- 
tions of himself and his friends. This aisle had been taken 

^ Thomas Campion by his will dated in 1516 gives a legacy of xx'. 
to the making of a window on the south side of the church; whilst 
John Nicholson in 1521 desires two windows to be glazed after the pro- 
portion of the new window. See their wills. 



m 



49 

down by faculty nearly a century ago, in consequence of 
its very dilapidated condition, the space between the pillars 
blocked up, and two windows inserted, which by no pretence 
could be called ornamental. Cole records that he glazed 
these new windows, and put in a great deal of painted glass, 
viz. a crucifix : S. Paul with Ananias and Sapphira ; and the 
arms of some lords of the manor. 

'Thursday, Sep. 2, 1779. The north aisle being in 
danger of falling, at the east end of which is my pew [it 
took up all the east end], the parish consented to pull it 
down: Mr Masters, rector of Landbeach [and also vicar 
of Waterbeach] Deputy Chancellor, having got leave of the 
bishop, they began to pull it down.' The faculty cost 
£8. Os. '6d. Cole has some lengthy remarks about the dispo- 
sition and conduct of the rector, Mr Knight, on this occa- 
sion', whom among oth6r epithets he calls a 'furious 
madman.' They were not worth making even if true, but 
the antiquary was far from being a person on whom we 
can depend in his estimate of others with unhesitating 
confidence. It would have been well for him had he, 
whilst writing designedly for the instruction of posterity, 
called to mind that posthumous slander tells much more 
to the detriment of him who thus perpetuates, if he does 
not invent it, than of him who is sought to be injured 
thereby. 

The north aisle is now rebuilt so as in plan and size 
to resemble the south aisle, which, we may feel sure, it 
did accurately resemble from the first. Its extent is small, 
[Still it must rather be considered an aisle than a chapel, 
and it was always so styled : a chantry it could not have 
been. A side chapel occupied the east end according to the 
usual custom in parish churches, and as we know to have 
been the case in the south aisle. Just below the tracery of 
its east window are two coats of arms, both of Queen Eliza- 

^ Vol. VI. pp. viii. and xviii. fol. 242. 



50 



betli : tliey came from one of the side chapels in the chapel 
of King's College. A third piece of painted glass, miich 
more modern and due, as Cole tells us, to himself, repre- 
sents the death of Ananias and Sapphira. There are besides. 
two round pieces of glass 9 in. in diameter, bearing figures of 
St Margaret and St Catharine, also a quarry like the one 
engraved in Franks' Quarries, pi. 35. On the north wall is 
a tablet ' In memory of Isaac Marsh, who died the 5th of 
March 1837, aged 65 years.' 

The south aisle, like the nave, is Early Decorated work. 
Of the windows, which as well as the roof were repaired in 
1855 at the expense of John Percy Baumgartner, Esq., the 
owner of the Manor, that to the east is, as usual, the finest, 
from having had an altar beneath it. The manor chapel, 
a portion of a more ancient church, with its chaplain, are 
mentioned so early as 1279, and must then have been in ex- 
istence for some time, whether we apply the words on p. 18 
'whereof there is no memory' to the bestowing of the gift 
there mentioned, or to the foundation itself of the building i. 
That chapel, however, as at present existing, and called 
until very recent times L' Estrange' s chapel, did not include 
the whole of what is now thought to belong to the lord of 
the manor, namely, two out of the three bays of the aisle. 
Cole says of it in 1744 : ' Above half of the south aisle is 
divided from the rest by a screen, which is stalled round 
for a private chapel or oratory. On the north side, near 
the old altar, stands a very old altar tomb of [Purbeck] 
marble with nothing on it, as does another on the opposite 
side against the south wall : a little above the piscina is an 
awkward kind of mural monument of stone, and in it a 
brass plate.' This was the memorial of the Harris family. 
Blomefield mentions ' a very ancient altar tomb' in the south 

1 We cannot tell whether by founder is meant he who originally 
built the church in Norman times, or he who substantially restored, 
if he did not actually rebuild, it in the thirteenth century. ^. 

i 



51 

aisle, 'with the circumscription lost,' and says^ 'by the 
arms of Le Strange in the east window, and its being called 
Strange's chapel, I make no doubt but that one of that 
ancient family is interred beneath it' The flooring of the 
whole chapel, according to the present notion of its extent, 
has been designedly raised about seven inches. It may 
have been done by Mr Knight, and like the second raising 
under part of the seats in order to give greater height to the 
vault beneath. 

At the east end of this aisle is an aumbry without its 
door ; a bracket, which must have served to support some 
figure; a niche, coloured green on the inside, which once had 
a statue^ within it : also, a piscina with its shelf, and one 
plain water-drain. The niche, having been plastered over, 
long continued in that state undisturbed. At length it 
was opened by the vicar, Mr Champneys, and found to 
contain certain small images. These had doubtless formed 
groups of figures, relics of the Roman Catholic mode of 
worship, and had been concealed there clearly in the six- 
teenth century by the pious care of some one, who did 
not wish them, according to his notions, to be desecrated, 
and who, therefore, provided for them, as he hoped (nor was 
he wholly disappointed), a sure hiding place. The con- 
cealment may, however, have had a different object. A 
report respecting the state of the diocese of Chichester, 
dated December, 1569', says, — ' They have yet in the diocese 
in many places thereof images hidden and other Popish 
ornaments ready to set up the mass again within 24 hours 
warning.' It is much to be regretted, that no care was taken, 
on their discovery, to keep togetlier those images, and so to 
preserve them, as to render them, if not, honoured, at least 
■ an interesting memorial of former religious notions and 

^ Collectanea, p. 175. 

2 Of the Virgin Mary 1 

3 Froude's Hist, of England, Vol. ix. p 508. 

4—2 



52 

customSj particularly, since they were declared to be valuable 
not only for their antiquity, but for their workmanship. 
They are now completely dispersed, and, possibly, to a great 
extent destroyed \ 

The windows of this aisle contain a small portion of 
painted glass, of which some is old. The ornamental glazing 
quarries, though late, form the most interesting part of it. 
There are two quarries of a very large size, and six of tlie 
ordinary size ; the two large ones, bearing a honeysuckle and 
a rose, have been engraved^. Of the other six, four have a 
large rose on each, the remaining two a stag. In the tracery 
of the east window are also three coats of arms, one with 
twenty-two quarterings, the first being that borne anciently 
by Baron Maltravers, a second with six quarterings, the 
arms of queen Margaret of Anjou, the foundress of Queens' 
College, and a third, argent, three lioncels rampant, re- 
gardant, gules, with a bordure gobonated. Cole does not 
mention these arms, nor are they claimed in any way by 
the present owner of the manor. They would seem there- 
fore to have been put in, and probably by his ancestor 
Mr Knight, simply as ornaments. On the other hand 
Cole does say ' On the east window are — gules, two lions 
passant, argent, for Le Strange^ Or, a cross, gules. Gules, 
a chevron between three lioncels rampant, argent, paled 
with, gules, a chevron, ermine, between three garbes, ar- 
gent, for Goade. Also, party per pale three tygers' heads 
erased counterchanged.' 

^ At Bluiiham, iu Bedfordshire, (of which parish the writer was once 
curate,) something similar occurred in 1849. In a cavity just below the 
east window of the church on the outside a collection of small figures, 
partially mutilated, was accidentally found. These have been rearranged 
iu their proper groups, and are exposed to view in a glass case at the 
rectory. 

2 Pranks' Ornamental Olazing Quarries, p. 14, and Plates 68, 74. 

^ For some remai-ks concerning the arms borne by several members 
of this family see Dugdale's Ancient Use of Bearing Arms, p. 53. 



1 



53 

On a brass tablet now in the east wall we have the 
following inscription : ' Here lieth the body of John Harris 
Gent. Sonne of William Harris Esquier borne the 25 of June 
1609 interred the 18 of October 1659. And allso the 
bodies of William, James, George, Michale, Briget, Anne, and 
Briget the younger, sonnes and daughters of the said John 
Harris and Martha his wife, daughter of Thomas Tempest of 
Whaddon Esquier, she had living then, when she erected 
this, 3 sonnes and 7 daughters. a°.d°, 1660.' At the top of 
the tablet are the father with his three sons, and the mother 
with her two daughters. The arms are, sable, 3 crescents 2, 
1, argent, impaling Tempest, argent, a bend engrailed be- 
tween six martlets, sable. 

In the pavement is a stone slab, on which we read, 
* Here lieth the body of William Kettle, who dyed the 30th 
day of June 1700 in the 69 year of his age. Catherine his 
wife died 20 August 1727 aged 86 years.' 

At the north corner of the south aisle is a monument with 
this inscription : 

' Sacred to the memory of George Nichols Esq. of Con- 
ington House Cambridgeshire, ob. April 15. 1812. ^t. 67. 
Also, of Phillppa, his widow, ob. October 9. 1837. ^t. 86. 
And of Philippa, their beloved and only child, ob. June 21. 
1795. iEt. 15. Also, of two sisters of Mrs Nichols, Jane, 
widow of the Rev'^. Rich*^. Fayerman, Rector of Oby, Nor- 
folk, ob. October 16, 1821, Mt 72. And Anne Spelman, 
June 30, 1835, Mt 78. The last enemy that shall be de- 
stroyed is death. 1 Cor. 15. 26.' 

In the south aisle are four mural monuments. The first 
bears the following inscription : 

In a vault beneath are deposited 

In stedfast hope of a joyful resurrection 

The Remains of the Reverend Samuel Knight, M.A. 

Only son of the Reverend Samuel Knight, D.D. formerly Pre- 

. bendary of Ely. 



54 

He departed this life on the vi*'' day of January mdcoxc. 

In the Lxxii^ year of his age. 

His only son erects this in memory of the best of Fathers. 

Here also rest the Remains of Sarah Spelman 

Eldest sister of Elizabeth wife of Samuel Knight Esq''®. 

Who departed this life on the vi*^^ day of September mdoccvi. 

In the LXi^ year of her age. 

She died in a moment, in a moment she thought not of 

yet not unprepared. 

Reader be thou likewise ready. 

He was fellow of Trinity College, and B.A. 1738-9, 
M.A. 1742. 

The second monument consists of a bas-relief by Flaxman, 
beneath which is the following inscription : 

Sacred to the memory of 
Elizabeth 
Wife of Samuel Knight Esq. of tliis place 
Who after a few hours' illness only 
Exchanged this life for a better on the 17*** of June 1800 
In the 39*'^ year of her age. 
Of women thou loveliest and thou best ! 
Enter, Eliza, on thy promised rest, 
(Mysterious proof of heaven's transcendant love) 
All but translated to the realms above ! 
Thy husband pardon for his grief implores. 
He weeps in frailty, but in faith adores. 
The christian feels thy gain, but must bemoan 
As man his children's loss ; — yet more his own. 
Bright excellence ! With every virtue fraught ! 
Such may we be ! By thy example taught ; 
Pure in the eye of heaven, like thee appear 
Should we this hour Death's awful summons hear ; 
Like thee all other confidence disown, 
And looking to the cross of Christ alone. 
In meekness tread the path thy steps have trod, 
And find, with thee,acceptance from our God ! 

At the head of the monument above the figures : 

Then 

Shall the good be received 

into life eveiiasting. 



55 

The bas-relief is described and criticised in the following 
extract from G. F. Teniswood, Memorials of Flaxman {Art 
Journal, 1868, p. 3) : 

' Prominent among the list of works exhibiting the devo- 
tional feeling and spirituality of form exemplifying the genius 
of Flaxman, is that erected to Mrs Knight, in Milton Church, 
near Cambridge. Here... the spirit of the deceased, invested 
with the form of humanity, is rising from the tomb, and con- 
ducted heavenward by an angelic visitant. The conception is 
one he has frequently adopted, as embodying the highest 
aspirations of Christian belief. For the purpose of such 
memorials it would be difficult to select an idea more in 
general keeping with the feeling prompting them, or better 
calculated to assist the teachings they enunciate in the mute, 
yet speaking, marble. The figure here seen as rising from the 
tomb is rather the embodiment of spirit than the representation 
of substance, and whether viewed as a whole or in parts, 
presents the most ideal refinement. Though with the foot 
yet touching the earth, the action of rising to soar away is 
beautifully suggested, to which effect the lines of the drapery, 
by exhibiting rather than concealing the forms beneath, 
largely contribute. In the church at Croydon, lamentably 
destroyed by fire some months past, was a replica of this 
monument, though differing in one respect. To the upper 
figure Flaxman had given wings, which, while marking its 
character and intention in the group, distinguished it from 
the individuality suggested by the lower form. Such a 
modification of the work was probably suggested to him, as 
many friends of the deceased lady whose monument is at 
Milton felt the expression of the conception would have 
been more vividly apparent had the upper figure been so 
treated. Such a supposition is favoured by the relative 
date of the two works, that at Milton having been erected 
about 1802, the group at Croydon not being placed till about 
1810.' 



56 

The third monument in the south aisle bears the following 

inscription : 

Samuel Knight 
Born July xit^ mdccliv 
Died June vii*^ mdcccxxxv . 
My children, friends, and thou beloved wife, 
Dear pious partner of my closing life ! 
> Watching (as duty prompts) my parting breath — 
Mourn not as void of hope a ^Christian's death- 
Control the mournful. — the embittered sigh : 
On Christ, my God and Saviour I rely ; 
Christ still the same (what though I've lived to see 
Tow'rds Rome's fell power a sad apostacy) 
Vile as I am, wash'd in his blood, I know ; 
My scarlet sins are made as white as snow — 
" Increase my faith, I prayed ; repentance give. 
" And in thy rest, Lord, my soul shall live : 
" Celestial gift ! thy Holy Spirit send 
" To lead each thought to good, from ill defend ; 
" Till I, blest inmate of thy pure abode, 
" Through all eternity behold my God." 

Frances Knight, widow of the above 
^ Died Dec. 10 a.d. 1844. 

God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten Son 
that whosoever believetli in him should not perish 
But have everlasting life. 
' St John iii. 16. 

He was of Trinity College, B.A. 1776 and M.A. 1779. 

The foregoing monuments are on the south wall, the 

fourth is at the west end of the aisle. It is by Chantrey, and 

bears the following inscription : 

Sacred to the memory of 

Samuel Knight, Jun"^. 

Only son of Sanmel Knight, Esq., of Milton 

Who peacefully departed this life 

On the 2°'! day of June, 1829 in the 39^^ year of his age 

Trusting in the tender mercies of his God, 

Through the mediation of his Redeemer — 

How dearly loved, how deeply mourned, 

By her who consecrates this stone can be known only to Him 

Unto whom all hearts are open. 

In that part of the south aisle, which extends the width 



r,7 

of tlie third arch, and which until of late years had been for 
some time separated from the rest, on the north and east 
sides, by a lath and plaster partition, in order to serve for a 
porch, a raised crossed slab now lies : it was found in 1864 
in the nave, and is in beautiful preservation. Like the slabs, 
which may be seen in the churches of Hockington, Horning- 
sey, and Landbeach, it has near the middle of the shaft of the 
cross that most puzzling ornament, about which so many 
unsatisfactory conjectures have been offered. All these slabs 
are referred to the thirteenth century\ The small west 
window of the aisle is original, and is now tilled with painted 
glass by W. H. Constable representing Jacob's dream, with 
the passage from Scripture, ' This is none other but the house 
of God, and this is the gate of Heaven,' Over the entrance 
door hang the royal arms. These originally belonged to 
Landbeach Church, but in 1826 were transferred to Milton, 
as not being any longer required there ^ 

The chancel, contrary to the usual custom, is on the same 
level as the nave : with the exception of the south wall it 
was entirely- rebuilt in 1847 at the expense of the rector. 
The part he pulled down may have been, and most probably 
was, chiefly Early English work ; an Early English chancel 
having replaced the Norman apse, which was the case in so 
many other churches. A few of the old stones must have 
been used again in the rebuilding of the east end, and espe- 
cially the bottom stone of the coping of the gable on both 
sides, which is apparently of the Early English style of 
architecture, and may thus once more occupy its proper 
place ^ At the termination of the chancel on the outside is a 
modern ornamental stone cross. 



^ Cutis' Sepulchral Slcibs and Crosses, p. 44. 

^ History of Landbeach, p. 63. 

■* Similar stones were once at the east end of Waterbeach church, 
but these wei'e not restored on the rebuilding of the chancel. Glossary 
of Architecture, Vol. i. p. 440, edit. 1850. 



58 

The chancel arch is Norman with plain capitals, being 
the onlj portion still remaining of the churcli, to which' it at 
first belonged. Over it towards the nave is : ' I will wash my 
hands in innocency, Lord, and so will I go to Thine altar.' 
The king's arms and the ten commandments were there in 
1744. The modern east window of four lights is Decorated; 
it was the gift of the patrons of the advowson, and has its tra- 
cery filled with painted glass at the expense of Mr Chapman. 
The previous window was, of course, in its earliest state, that 
inserted by an ancient rector, John Scot, who had been pre- 
sented to the living in 1349. A brass underneath it in the 
pavement once recorded the fact. We may suppose that it 
was then said of the Early English chancel, as, forty years 
before, it had been said of the same style of chancel with its 
narrow windows at Horningsey: 'nee est ibi lumen compe- 
tens,' and that this led to the substitution. The window on 
the north, as well as that on the south, side of the chancel 
is Late Perpendicular : the painted glass of the latter was 
put in a few years ago, and represents under three aspects, 
each with a distinct reference to the sacrament of the Lord's 
Supper, the marriage supper at Cana of Galilee. The new 
open roof is a copy from the roof of the Roman Catliolic 
chapel at Cambridge, which was made after a design by 
the late Mr Pugin. 

On the south side of the chancel is an aumbry. The 
piscina^ of which each compartment has a water-drain, is 
partially a restoration, though, of course, in all respects an 
accurate resemblance of what previously existed. This 
piscina, therefore, bears another testimony to an Early 
English chancel ; subsequent to the thirteenth century indeed 
it could not well be from the occurrence even of its double 

^ When the church at Horningsey was restored in 1865 two pischias 
were discovered, one which belonged to the roodloft, and another almost 
immediately beneath it, the former square and about the year 1400, the 
latter trefoiled and a century perhaps, earlier. 



59 

water-drain, which can hardly be found after that period, 
from being thenceforward no longer necessary. The beau- 
tiful cinque-foiled sedilia are Late Perpendicular, which is 
shown by the presence of the peculiar ornamental cusping 
called double feathering, whose introduction is to be referred 
to the reign of Hen. VII. Over them are the words : ' Whoso 
eateth My flesh and drinketh My blood, hath eternal life.' 
Along the west side of the chancel, and somewhat blocking 
up the entrance to it, are four oaken stalls, old and good, 
having, it is said, below the misereres the arms of the see of 
Ely ; as they are evidently not in their first position, they 
may be the stalls to which Cole alluded, and which he says 
were arranged to the north and south of the chancel. There 
is likewise some carved work in oak of later date, as well as 
some uncarved oak, all of which came from the hall of the 
previous rectory house. The Communion Table has above it 
the sentence, 'Do this in remembrance of Me.' In 1744 the 
Table was on one step only, (now it is on two), and not^ railed 
in. The rails had been taken away about a century before 
by order of the House of Commons. The present rails be- 
longed at first to King's College Chapel. Though far from 
modern, they yet are not at all after the pattern enjoined by 
Archbishop Laud, whose Injunctions required them to be 
•'neere one yarde in height, and so thick with pillars, that 
dogges might not get in^' Cole says about them : * In 1774 I 
spoke to the Provost, and told him, that he could not dispose 
of part of the old altar piece at King's College, which was 
lately taken down for a new one, [better] than to give it to 
this dirty church of their patronage, and where his namesake, 
William Cooke, was interred. He went into the church, 
and said it was so squalid, that unless the parish would do 

^ This we may hnagine was the usual state of the tables throughout 
the kingdom in the eighteenth century; for the Spectator in 1711 says 
of Sir Roger de Coverley — 'he has raUed in the Communion Table at his 
own expense.' No. 112. 

" History of Landbeach, p. 93, n. The East Anglian, p. 192, n. 



60 

somewhat, the altar part would make it look worse. However, 
part of the old rails were sent, and are now [1779] put up.' 

To the north of the space set apart for the Commu- 
nion Table is a good late brass, at present in the pavement, 
but which used to form the top of a high or altar tomb, of 
which Cole has a drawing. This brass comprises the effigies 
of the judge and his wife with scrolls above their heads, 
two groups of children, (two sons beneath the father, three 
daughters beneath the mother), a large plate with arms, , 
helmet, and crest and mantling, and an inverted inscription i 
below the two groups of children; the whole being surrounded I 
by a border-legend with evangelistic emblems at the corners. 
The judge wears his robes over his ordinary civic attire ; the 
lady the loose dress with puffed and slashed sleeves of the 
time of Queen Mary. The arms are : Per pale, argent and 
sable, 3 wolves' heads erased, counterchanged : crest, a wolfs 
head erased, per pale, argent and sable. The marginal 
inscription is as follows: 'Orate pro anima Gulielmi Coke, 
armigeri, unius Justiciariorum Domini Eegis de Communi 
'Banco, qui obiit vicesimo quinto die Augusti, Anno Domini 
Millesimo quingentesimo tercio, et pro bono statu Alicie 
Uxoris ejus, que monumentum fieri fecit' Over the judge 
is: ' Plebs sine lege ruit;' over his wife: ' Mulier casta, dos 
pulcherrima.' The Latin sentence over the judge may have 
borne some relation to the state of England at the time of his 
death. It was ' the motto on the rings of the Serjeants, who 
were called in the same term, in which Cooke was raised to 
the bench.' Tlie square plate below the feet of the figures 
bears this inscription : 

Marmore sub duro Gulielmus Cocus humatur 
Judex justicia notus ubique sua. 

Ingenio valuit doctrina cognitione 
Necnon et magno prseditus eloquio. 

Vir bonus atque plus magna pietate coruscas 
■ Virtutum semper verus alumnus erat. 

Nunc merito vita defunctum lugimus eheu! 
Hoc moriente viro nemo dolore caret. 



61 

Some small portions of this brass are unfortunately now 

lost'. 

On the other side lies a stone which is thus engraved, 
though now very difficult to be read: ' Eliz. Johannis Lane 
A. M. hujus ecclesie Kectoris Uxor KovptSla, ac dilectissima 
ob. 9''" die Nov. An. Sal. Humanse 1743, est. 27. Quem 
semper acerbum, semper honoratum (voluit sic numen) ha- 
bebo. Ostendunt terris banc tantum Fata, neque ultra esse 
sinunt. She was a wife, take her for all in all, I shall not 
look upon her like again. Foemina ingenuis orta parentibus, 
jam teneris in cunabulis orphana, educta libere : rei familiaris 
egregie perita. Quot vero, quantasque serumnas, durante 
brevissimo hujus vitse curriculo, per malitiam'"^ clanculum in 
tenebris operantem, necnon apertam, audacem et impudentem, 
quinetiam per superbiam in altum evecti pseudo-fratris, unius 
saltem togati hominis, causas, nullus dubito, sed non sine 
numine, tam immaturee mortis, constanti animo pertulit, 
Summa Dies, cum corda universi hominum generis apertis- 
sima fuerint, indicabit. Aia roov dyvtoarcov crov nraOrjfMaTwv 
iXirjaov rjfia<i K.vpL€.' 

On the south and north walls of the chancel are tablets 
with these inscriptions, ' Marmor Hoc Memoriaa sacrum Oli- 
ver! Najlor A. M. cujus juxta Uxorem Reliquige infra con- 
duntur, olim Hujus Ecclesie Pectoris: summa Pietate filii 
I duo posuerunt. Variolis correptus ad Mercedem earum Vir- 
tutum capiendam Qa^ Eum desideratum Omnibus, Praicipue 
vero Propinquis suis et amicis efficiunt, abiit decimo octavo 
die Febr^'. anno Dom.. mdcclxxv. ^Etatis 71.' 

' Sub altari situra est quod mortale fuit Sar£e Uxoris 
|0. Naylor A. M. hujus ecclesite rectoris. Ilia in Mari- 



^ ^QntQW& Monumental Brasses of England. 
j ^ Cole, with his usual tendency towards slander and detraction, 
•spares neither the wife, nor her husband. The whole epitaph has been 
here given, not for its worth, but in order to show what strange compo- 
sitions sometimes go under this title. 



i 



62 



turn Amore, in Liberos Pietate, in Amicos Fidelitate N^ulli 
Secunda : obiit sexto die Martii mdcclx. JStatis suge liv.' 

Under the east window there was in 1744 a small brass 
with the following inscription : ' Orate pro anima Domini 
Johannis Scot [rectoris] istius ecclesise, qui fecit fieri istam 
fenestram.' In the pavement of the chancel were : ' Of your 
charitie praye for the soule of Mrs Hellen Bird Sister to Mr 
Doctor Harrison parson of the churche.' ' Of your charitie - 
praye for the soules of William Bird, and Margaret his wife, 
which decessed the 20 daye of Aprile in the year of our Lord 
God 1445 ^ on whose soules Jesu have mercy. Amen.' 'Of 
your charitie pray for the soule of Mr Richard Alanson, late 
vicar of this church, which decessed the 28 daye of June in 
the year of our Lord MCCCCCXix.'"^' These brasses have all 
disappeared : two old stone slabs however, which once had 
short inscriptions, remain, one still in the chancel, the other 
near the tower arch. 

Blomefield mentions, as hanging in the chancel, an 
achievement with the arms of Duncomb, in memory of Mrs 
Stephens, who was a member of that family — party per 
chevron engrailed, sable and argent, 3 talbots' heads erased 
counterchanged, with Ulster arms, impaling party per chevron, 
argent and gules, in chief 2 cocks sable, in base a saltyre 
humetty, or : motto, ' Moriendo vivo.' 

The vestry, on the north east, built twenty years ago by 
the parishioners with some assistance from the rector, is ■ 
entered from the chancel. Its door is of old oak, and carved 1 
after the pattern of the oaken work in the chancel : this as • 
well as its frame-work of stone came from the former rectory : 
house. The porch was erected in 1847 on the site of the 
original porch, when its eastern stone bench, having long 

^ Since Mr Doctor Harrison died in November 1542, there may be 
an error in the date, 1445 for 1545. 

' This date must be wrong, inasmuch as Mr Richard Alanson's name 
occurs in wills made so late as April 1521. No doubt 1519 is put for 
1529, an x having been omitted. 



63 

lain hidden and forgotten in the midst of rubbish, was dis- 
covered and at length restored to its proper use. Externally 
there appear to be two porches to the church ; the space, 
however, previously serving for a porch, was reallj, as men- 
tioned before, only a part of the south aisle. The doorway, 
which, since the church restorations so persistently and 
laudably carried on to completion by the present rector, now 
leads from the porch directly into the south aisle, by whom- 
soever put in (and it existed in 1744), is Grecian instead of 
Gothic like the rest of the building. Its form and style may 
have been suggested by the nature of the chancel arch, 
though it is equally possible for them to be due to that utter 
want of an ecclesiastical taste in architecture, so prevalent 
until recently. Over this door are the words : ' Worship the 
Lord in the beauty of holiness.' 

The communion plate consists of two small silver cups, 
and two plates also of silver. One of the cups is of some 
antiquity, and is nicely ornamented round the bowl. This is 
rarely, if ever, used. A cup somewhat larger in size, the gift 
of the present rector, is that commonly employed. The inside 
of the bowl is gilt, and at the botton, so as not to be visible 
without examination, is the following inscription : ' Dedicated 
to the service of God by John Chapman, M.A. rector of 
Milton. 1853.' The larger of the plates has on the rim the 
arms probably of the donor — ermine, two boars, argent : 
crest, a boar's head, erect, argent. On the back of the smaller 
one is: 'Milton Church. The gift of the Kev. L, C. Powys, 
Curate, 1829.' 

The dimensions of the Church are as follows : 







ft. in. 






ft. in. 


Chancel 




33 1 


long 


^y 


15 10 wide. 


Nave . . . . 




55 10 


» 




IS 6 „ 


North aisle . 




36 2 


j> 




13 6 „ 


South aisle (including por 


ch). 


36 6 


» 




15 3 „ 


Tower .... 




12 


)> 




8 3 „ 



64 

The parish registers of Milton are a long way from being 
in a satisfactory state. The early portion of them has been 
irrecoverably lost, except so far as the copies annually sent 
in from 1599 are still in the Bishop of Ely's office. Cole's 
observations about the registers at Milton are worth record- 
ing: ' 1776. Sending to the clerk for the parish registers, he 
sent me two paper books, all that he ever saw or heard of, 
the oldest beginning in 1653, and often very ill kept, the 
other in 1705. In the former was the usual declaration — 
These are to certify all men how that Thomas Hichards is by 
the assent and consent of the parishioners of the town of 
Milton chosen to be register for marridges, births, and burialls 
according to the Act of Parliament bearing date 24 August 
1653, and these are to certify farther, that he is approved by 
me to be a sufficient clearke, and is also sworn to be the register 
for the said town. In witness whereof I have hereunto, set 
my hand and seal 26 November 1653. 

James Blackley\' 

The portion now existing begins with a baptism on 6th 
May 1705, and certainly the condition of the registers even 
then, and likewise during the remainder of the eighteenth 
century, does little credit to the person or persons in whose 
charge they were. 'Registers entrusted till lately (1782) 
to the care of ignorant and illiterate clerks of the parish : 
it is no wonder they often forgot to make entries, and no 
wonder, also, that there are so many defects.' 

The first entry of a burial is dated 10 February 1709-10, 
the previous leaf, all but a very minute fragment, having 
been torn off. As required by the Act of Parliament of 1678, 
it is stated, that affidavits respecting the bodies being buried 
in woollen had been duly made, though such remarks ceased 
from March 1713-14, and merely again, occur, but then not 



Mayor of Cambridge in 1649i 



I 



- 65 

more than a few times, between 1781 and 1739. The Act 
was only repealed in 1814. 

Mixed up with the usual entries, the earliest of the exist- 
ing books contains a large number of notices about collections 
made in the church on briefs, and the payments of the pro- 
ceeds to the appointed receivers, when thej came round for 
the money. The briefs were very numerous : we find thirty- 
four received in four years beginning with 1710. Besides, 
not only were they issued on account of losses from fire, in- 
undations, thunder and hail, &c., and to procure assistance 
towards the building or reparation of churches, funds were 
equally attempted to be raised in this way for other, and 
somewhat unexpected objects. The first notice is taken' from 
Cole. 

1676. Collected for 80 Protestant ministers, which the 
emperor [of Germany] gave to the king of Spain to serve in 
the galleys at Naples, and released at the intercession of 
Charles II. of England, 3s. 2d. 

March 7th, 1707-8. Collected for y^ Protestant Church at 
Oberbarmen.in y- Dutchy of Berg in Germany, 85. 6d. 

September 21st, 1709. Collected for y« Eelief, Subsistence, 
and Settlement, of y« Pore, Distressed Palatines near y« Ehine 
in Germany, 8s. Id. 

October 16th, 1709. Collected for y^ Protestant Church 
at MittaTi in Courland and Livonia, Is. Id. 

1715. Cowkeepers' Brief nere London, 2s. Id. (Does this 
bear upon the history of the destructive cattle plague, from 
whose ravages our fellow-countrymen recently suffered so 
much ?) 

A table of fees, framed and glazed, hung in 1744 against 
the north wall of the chancel : the payments are somewhat 
different now : 



66 

Fees settled by the minister and the whole parish of Milton, 
in the county of Cambridge. 



Marriage 



s. d. 

. ,1 . , f to the Minister 2 6 

m the parish.... J 

^ jtathe Clark. 1 

j_ n ^^ .1 (the Minister 5 

out 01 the parish i , ^, , 

^ [to the Clark 2 6 



8. d. 

Burial fothe Minister 2 

(to the Clark 2 

That no person at the time of being churched offer less 
than sixpence. 

April 20, 1742. 

Geo. Towees, Minister. 

Tho. Page, Junr. ) ^i i j 

' > Churchwardens. 

Hen. Chambees, J 

Milton churchyard, like the others in the neighbourhood, 
is rather small : it is partially planted with shrubs, and care- 
fully kept. Until lately there was in it at the east end of the 
chancel, and close to the wall, an altar tomb of free stone to 
the memory of E-ichard Stephens, rector of the parish, who 
died in 1727, and desired to be buried in that spot. The 
south side of this tomb still lies on the ground opposite the 
east window and bears an inscription to his widow: 'Diana 
Stephens, Filia Francisci Duncomb de Comitatu Surrise Baro- 
netti, et Kelicta Eicardi Stephens, in summa tabula hujus 
monumenti memorati, cum per decern menses marito super- 
fuisset, ob. 16" die Junii 1728, ast. 65.' 

A descendant of Mr Stephens' family writes in 1856: 
' His wife who survived him, gave the College £200 towards 
the erection of the New Building on the S. W. of the chapel, 
[which had been begun in 1724,] and the Society, in a fit of 
violent gratitude, [out of regard and gratitude, an instance ; 
both of their humanity and good nature,] put up the tomb 
now gone to decay, Dr Snape, the provost, composing the 
epitaph. And it is to be hoped the stone-cutter was very 

m 



67 

grateful to him for a good job, for the Doctor very ingeni- 
ously spun it out to 50 lines of prose.' The slab lies now 
in the pavement of the chancel : its inscription is all but 
obliterated. Cole has preserved it^. 

On the east end of the church is a stone, whose inscrip- 
tion has been thought to be, but surely without reason, some- 
thing of a curiosity, because only one day is mentioned, the 
day of the young man's death : ' Here lies the body of Th^ 
Camon, who died June 15"", 1726, aged 17. His master and 
mistress erect this little monument to his memory, as an 
acknowledgem*^ of his faithful service the 4 years he lived 
with them [at the rectory]. God grant that he & they may 
find mercy with the Lord in that day.' 

The Rev. John Micklebourgh, rector of Landbeach, put 
a head and foot stone to the memory of a former fellow of 
Caius College, who, having obtained the rectory of Bincombe 
in Dorsetshire, resigned it, and lived the remainder of his 
life in S. Edward's parish, Cambridge : ' H. S. E. Johannes 
Kitchingman A.M. regnante Carolo natus, Cromwello rerum 
potiente Uteris innutritus Cantabrigiee, post restauratam ec- 
clesiam presbyter, Collegii Gonv. et Caii Socius, Exinde ad 
rectoriam de Bincomb in Agro Dorsetiensi evectus, quam 
quidem, quod locus parura arriserit, abdicavit, possessionem 
ratus beneficii cum alter obiret munus, sophistice magis quam 
vere defendi. Temporis sic moribus effusis pariter et fucatu 
abhorruit ; vixit temperans, senio confectus obiit annum agens 

91, Jun. X, MDCCXXIX.' 

Could we depend upon an expression in the Rotuli Hun- 
dredorum^, a residence house for the rector existed at Milton 
in 1279. He does not appear to have then inhabited it; at 
least, taking the messuage and cottage there mentioned to 
mean one and the same building, and that properly the 
rectory house, it was in the temporary occupation of Alan 

^ MSS. Vol. Ti. fol. 5. 

5—2 



68 

Textor, not of Peter de Woseri. However, a doubt about 
this being tlie rectory-house may allowably be entertained, 
since the original Latin is by no means clear upon the point, 
and may be thought to signify merely that a farmer of that 
day hired both the farm and farm-house, which the afore- 
said rector possessed because belonging to his living, Still 
there must have been some house wherein the rector, being 
at that time in sole charge of the parish did, at all events, 
commonly dwell, as of right and custom. And this house 
continued for a long period (and afterwards occasionally) to be 
inhabited by him, even when the living had come under the 
additional charge of another by the establishment of a vi- 
carage. For we know that both parish authorities did reside 
in Milton at the same time, and, no doubt, worked harmo- 
niously together, each performing the duties which were 
considered to belong to him. In 1782 Cole described the 
rectory-house as an old mansion, and added that it had been 
uninhabited many years. This is probably an exaggeration, 
inasmuch as Oliver Nay lor only died, in 1775, and he cer- 
tainly must have lived there occasionally, and his curate it 
may be, when he was himself elsewhere. The old premises 
were taken down in 1846, and a new house built by Mr 
Chapman, This house is not very large, though sufficiently 
so perhaps, very comfortable, and apparently well arranged. 
The situation of it is extremely convenient from its proximity 
to the church, and yet being hardly removed from the village. 
The church, with the rectory-house and garden, form alto- 
gether a pleasing picture. 

A vicarage-house, as was to be expected, once existed 
in Milton, independently of, and contemporaneous with, the 
house of residence for the rector. It stood near the present 
high road, a little to the west of the church. At least, sixty 
years ago, a dilapidated cottage, now long removed, ' a poor 
wretched hovel, tenanted by a farm-labourer,' went com- 
monly in the parish by the name of the vicarage. It still 



69 

existed whilst Mr Knight was rector, since in a terrier signed 
by him and delivered at the bishop of Ely's visitation in 
1779, he takes notice of ' a cottage belonging to the vicarage.' 
In 1836 the parish school, which then existed at Milton, 
was taken into union with the Central National Society in 
London for promoting the education of the poor in the principles 
of the Established Church. But to benefit the inhabitants in 
a still greater degree, by increasing the means of instructing 
them, the provost and fellows of King's College, to whom the 
advowson of the rectory pertained, soon took advantage of 
the Act of 6 and 7 Gruliel. IV. entitled ' An Act to facilitate 
the conveyance of sites for school-rooms,' &c. They there- 
fore gave land, and erected proper premises in 1839. From 
the deed drawn up on that occasion the following is an ex- 
tract — "the said premises to be used, occupied and employed 
in and for the maintenance and carrying on of a school for 
the religious education of the children of the poor of the 
parish of Milton, and the neighbourhood thereof, in the prin- 
ciples of the Christian religion according to the doctrines and 
discipline of the United Church of England and Ireland, and 
such other branches of useful knowledge as the vicar ^ for the 
time being shall in his discretion think proper." The founders 
of the school then give the vicar absolute right over the 
school, and the mistress thereof, only reserving to themselves 
visitorial power and inspection. 

The following account^ of certain visitations of Milton 
1 church and its parish authorities is well worth adding, not 
merely for the positive information which it furnishes, but 
equally, if not more so, for the very interesting particulars 
contained therein respecting the proceedings instituted against 
some contumacious officers. The Latin notes of these Visi- 
tations are here expanded, and the contracted words written at 
length. It may be, however, that the clerk himself, who 

^ The rectory had for many years been regarded, through default 
of residence, as merely a sinecure. 

■^ From the Records in the Diocesan Registry. 



70 ■' 

wrote the notes, could not have done this, since the peculiar 
way, in which by training and habit he kept them, was to 
him a kind of short-hand. 

Visitatio Reverendi in Christo Patris et Domini, Domini 
Lanceloti, permissione divina, Eliensis Episcopi, tenta et 
celebrata Die Martis existente quinto die raensis Junii, Anno 
Domini 1610, hora nona ante meridiem ejusdem diei: in 
Ecclesia parochiali Beate Marie Majoris juxta Forum Ville 
Cantebrigiensis. Visitabuntur Decanatus de Campo, Barton, 
et Chesterton. 

M'' Abraham Gates, Eector de Weston Golvyle, Concio- 

nator. 

Milton. 
M' Rector. 

Sequestr' Rectorie\ Co[mparuit]. 

M' Willelmus Kellam Cur'. Co. 



Johannes Hewtson ] r* jr- -n ' 
• GrardLianiJ. 

Johannes Foote J 



Co. Jur'. 



Edwinus Graye 1 j^^^.^, . 
Willelmus Briggs j 

TT I Gard^ — Presentatur that they have 

Johannes Huteson -' '' 

a lynnen cloathe for the Communion Table, but not a con- 
venient one. And the Churcheyard fence is in decaye. 

Et 16" Julii, 1610, exhibita citacione originali per Jo. 
Stynnett, literatum^ &c., citatur predictus Huteson, sed pre- 

1 Roger Goade had died in April, and his son Thomas was not 
instituted until September, 1610. 

" These inquirers or quest-men, are sometimes termed sidesmen, 
correctly, sidemen. The word may be a corruption for synod-men, but 
it is also used actually for sidemen. Since at Hadleigh in Suffolk two 
men so called with long wands are wont to walk up and down the north 
and south aisles during the whole time of divine service, to keep order, 

3 The officer who executed the citations was called mandatarius, 
the citation being styled in the acts of court mandatum originaU. 
Oughton {Or do Judiciorum, Vol. i. p. 44, Tit. xxi.) says, " Quivis litera- 
tus (licet non intelligat linguam Latinam) dicitur, et admittitur, ex 
longo usu, idoneus (in hac parte) mandatarius : oportet tamen, ut sit 
literatus, ita quod possit literas scriptas, vel impressas, legere.)" 



71 

dictus Foote perquisitus non inventus^, qui ambo preconizati 
comparuerunt ; fatentur^. [Moniti] Ad parandum a conve- 
nient communion table cloath for the table, et ad reparandum 
Fensuram cemeterii predicti, et ad certificandum 
mde proximo [die juridicoj post ±estum JNatalis 
Domini proximum. 

Et 14". Januarii 1610-11, dicti Gardiani preconizati, 
comparuit Huitson. [Moniti] Ad certificandum inde sexto die 
juridico jam proxime sequenti, viz. 4 Marcii proximi. 

Et dicti [Gardiani] 4 Marcii predicti, preconizati non 
comparuerunt. Expectantur in 8 Aprilis proximi ^ 

Et 8 Aprilis 1611, dicti Gardiani preconizati non com- 
paruerunt. Expectantur in proximum [diem juridicum]. 

Et 15 Aprilis 1611, dicti Gardiani preconizati non com- 
paruerunt. Suspenduntur. 

Et 29 Aprilis 1611, coram Doctore Gaffer* &c. 
Pd. 4s. 6d. ^ , A 1 1 f . 

comparuerunt ambo. Absolvuntur , tactis 

[evangeliis] &c., et viva voce certificaverunt that thej have 

a linnen cloth for the communion table, and the churchyard 

fenced, et dimittuntur. 

^ The apparitor, therefore, had not been able to serve the citation 
personally upon John Foote. In such cases a citation, technically 
called citatio viis et modis, was aflfixed to the door of the party's 
house, or, if his house could not be found, upon the church-door. 

2 The course of the proceedings was this : The apparitor exhibited 
the original citation and the parties were called (preconizati) : if they 
appeared they either confess (fatentur), or deny (negant), the matters 
articled against them : the judge then gave his decree, which in an early 
stage of a cause was generally an order to appear at the next court-day. 

^ They were tcaited for as long as possible, before suspension was 
decreed for their contumacy. A form of excommunication contains 
these words — Ssepius publice prseconizatos, diu et suflScienter expec- 
tatos, et nullo modo comparentes. 

* He was Chancellor, and held various oflfiees at different times 
under the see of Ely. Bentham and Stevenson, Vol. i. p. 197: Vol. ii. 
pp. 10, 20, 28, 33. 

* Huteson and Foote had been suspended for their contumacy in 
not appearing, which suspension was the lesser excommunication, and 
now they were absolved on paying the sum mentioned in the margin. 



72 

Oliverus Frohocke, generosus. Presentatur y' he before 
M"" D^ Goade, & diverse others of y^ parishe of Milton, used 
unreverent speaches against M"^ Willm Kellam, his minister : 
viz. He is a busye and contentiouse persone, and suche a one 
as settethe his neighbors togither by the eares : and it is his 
daylye practise. 

Et 16° Julii, 1610, exhibita citacione originali per Jo. 
Stynnett, literatum, &c, perquisitus fuit dictus Frohoke, sed 
non inventus, qui preconizatus comparuit, et objecto ei articulo 
predicto, dictus Frohoke petiit copiam citacionis et bille detec- 
tionis^ predicte respective, et terminum sibi assignari ad 
respondendum dicte detectioni in proximum diem juridicum. 
Dominus monuit eundem Frohoke ad respondendum detec- 
tioni predicte ad statim, in presentia Frohoke petentis prout 
prius. Et Dominus primo, 2°, et 3°, instanter instantius et 
instantissime eundem Frohoke monuit ad respondendum 
bille detectionis predicte ad statim, dicto Frohoke petente 
prout supra. Tunc Dominus ad petieionem dicti Frohoke 
concessit ei copiam detectionis predicte, et assignavit ei ad 
respondendum detectioni predicte proximo die juridico. 

Et primo Octobrls, 1610, dictus Frohoke preconizatus 
non comparuit. Expectatur in proximum [diem juridicum]. 

Et 8 Octobris, 1610, dictus Frohoke preconizatus compa- 
ruit. [Monitus] ad comparendura 4 die juridico jam proxime 
sequent!, duodecimo viz. Novembris proximi. 

Et 12" Novembris 1610, dictus W Frohocke preconizatus 
non comparuit. Expectatur in proximum [diem juridicum] 
post Festum Natalis Domini proximum. 

Et 14" Januarii, 1610[-11], dictus M' Frohoke preconi- 
zatus non comparuit. Pena in proximum. 

Et 2r Januarii, 1610[-11}, dictus M"^ Frohocke preconi- 
zatus non comparuit. Ex consistorio &c. Dominus eum 
dimisit^ 

^ The presentments of the churchwardens were thus styled, 
2 It seems the Chancellor was fairly tired out. 



73 

Oliverus Frohoke, predictus, generosus | p. i. ^ t 

Thomas Foote j 

the ould Churchwardens delivered to y® pa,rishioners theire 
Accompts at Easter last by byll Indented, but M"" Frohoke 
receyved the sayd bills & delivered them to Tho. Foote, & 
what is become of them we' knowe not. 

Et 16" Julii, 1610, exhibita citacione originali per Jo. 
Stynnett, literatum, &c. citatur predictus Tho. Foote, sed pre- 
dictus Frohoke^ fuit perquisitus et non inventus, qui ambo 
preconizati [comparent] et dicunt that they have made a juste 
accompte of theire churchwardenshippe, & y* it is written and 
set downe in the churche booke there, and allowed of by the 
cumpanye then present. And y* this writinge in the sayd 
detection mentioned was an Accompte of y® wholl, viz. all 
whatsoever they had receyved and layed oute in the tyme 
of theire churchwardenshippe, which they estemed not of, 
for that it was before written & sett downe in theire sayd 
church booke. 

Willelmus Jollye. Presentatur apud Chesterton for that he 
holdeth lands in Chesterton and refuseth to paye that which 
he is levied towards the relyf of the Poore in that case pro- 
vided. This matter is eritred amongest Chesterton causes 
& there delte in orderlye, as it dothe & may there appere. 

Die Mercurii existente xix die Mensis Mali, a.d. 1613, 
hora nona ante meridiem &c.,^ in ecclesia parochiali B. Marie 
Majoris &c., Visitacio ordinaria Lanceloti &c., per Venera- 
bilem virum Magistrum, Wilhelmum Gager, LI. Doctorem, 
vicarium in spiritualibus generalem &c.^ 

Milton. 
M'. Thomas Goade, Rector. Co. 

I ^ The churchwardens of 1610 present the churchwardens of 1609. 

' Administration of his estate was granted to his son George in 1614. 

^ The Preacher for the Deaneries of Camps, Barton, and Chesterton 
was Mr. John Lively, Vicar of Oyer. 



74 

M''. Willelmus Kellam, Cur. Non Co. excusatus. 

Oliverus Harte 

Co. omnes 
et jur'. 



Henricus Thurban 
Henricus Briggs 
Willelmus Hurrell 



i Inqi 



General Episcopal Visitation, Die Jovis, 2" Maii, A.D. 1616\ 

Milton. 
M^ Jy. Goade, Rector. Non Co. excusatur. 

M^ Willelmus Kellam, Curatus. Co. 

Thomas Frohocke ] ^ j ^i 

Gawinus Grave J ' I Co. omnes 

"Willelmus Briggs |x .„ | etjur'. 

Wl Hurrell |^nquis. J 

Parochial Visitation of Jy. King'', Chancellor to the Lord 
Bishop of Elie [Mathew "Wren], for the Deaneries of 
Chesterton, Barton, & Camps, July 31°. 1665. 



} Gard. 



Milton. 

John Graves 
Henry Pate 

*1. The Font to be new ledded. 

■'■2'. The bell cracked to be new cast and amended citra 

Festum Pasche, & certificare in diem Sabbati prox- 

ime sequentem. 
*3. M^. Harris her chappell is defective both in timber 

& led. Moniti Gard'. ad reparandum et certifican- 

dum ut prius. 

1 The Preacher for these Deaneries was Mr. Theodore Bathurst, 
Vicar of Thriplowe. 

2 Bentham and Stevenson, Vol. ii. pp. 11, 28. 
^ The things done were crossed off. 






75 



Habent ad 
certificandum 
de parando 
hec omnia ci- 
tra diem Sab- 
bati post Fes- 
tum Pasche 



^4 The desk to be fringed upon Greene^ ^ 

cloth. 
5. A table of degrees wanting. 
■^6. A book of Cannons wanting. 
■^7. A locke to the Church dore wanting. 
■^8. A napkin wanting to the Communion. J proximum 
■^9. A new patten for the Communion Cap to be changed 

& made larger. 
^10. A booke of Homy lies wanting. 
11. The Fence of the west end of the church to be 

amended. 
+12. The Pulpit to be removed where now it stands to 

the place where formerlie it was placed. 
21°. Aprilis comparuit Jo. Graves, Gard', & certificavit 
quod omnia sunt peracta, preter y^ font to be led- 
ded & a table of degrees wanting. Habent ad certi- 
ficandum de ledding & Table of degrees in diem 
Sabbati ante Festum Pentecosti. 

Visitatio Ecclesiarum, &c. per Gulielmum Cooke^, LI. Doc- 
torem, Reverendi in Christo Patris Petri [Gunning] Eli- 
ensis Episcopi Vicarium generalem. IT. Junii, 1678. 



j Gard'. com*. 



Milton. 
W"". Kettle 
Hen, Payton 

1. The font wants a new cover and a plugg. 

2. The Church roofe to bee pointed. 

^ Green was the colour ordinarily used in such cases at that time, 
at least, in Cambridgeshire. But why ? Probably for no ecclesiastical 
reason. Might it not have been to encourage the congregation of 
Dutch, who, by the special favour of Queen Elizabeth had been tole- 
rated, to practise at Colchester the art and trade of bay (baize) and 
say making, and for whose protection an Act was passed in 1660 1 The 
eating of salt fish was enjoined for one reason, at least, to maintain the 
fisheries. 

2 Bentham and Stevenson, Yol. ii. pp. 11, 34. 



76 

3. The PuUpitt cloath to bee mended. 

4. A booke of horailyes to bee provided. 

5. The wainscote of y^ seate on y^ south side of y^ chan- 
cell to bee wainscoted and y^ wall to bee whited and 
plaistred. 

6. Three keys for y^ poore man's box. 

7. Pertition on y^ south side of y^ Churcli to bee mended 
and raised higher. 

8. The sealing in y® Chancell to bee mended. 

9. A Table of degreese wanting. 

10. The north wall of y® Church to bee whited and 
plaistred. 
Et Dl monuit eos certificare de peractione ejusdem prox- 
imo die Sabbati post festum Sti Michaelis. 

Thee weeds in y^ Churchyard to bee cutt downe. 

October 1685\ 

Milton. 

To cleare y® Churchyard of weeds, and to mend y® fence- 
ing. 

The Church, to be pointed and tiled. 

The Perticion in y® Church, where the lime is, to bee 
taken away. 

To provide a table of Degreese and a Plugg for y® fonte. 

To keepe y^ Register in y^ Cheste under 3 locks. 

To give notice to S"" Francis Pemberton's Tennante to 
pave y^ Private Chappell, and to repaire y^ Leadworke, and 
timber which is rotten. 

To give notice to y*' Parson to plaister and white y® chan- 
cell, and to boord y® seats & seileing where wanting. 

^ This visitation is without Title iu the original register, but appears 
to be a visitation of the whole diocese. Francis Turner was bishop, and 
William Cooke, LL.D., his chancellor. 



I 



■77 



THE WILLS. 

October 10th, 1515, I, William Basse of Mylton, bequeath 
my soul to God, and to our blessed Lady, and to all the com- 
pany of heaven ; and my body to be buried in the church- 
yard^ of Mylton. Imprimis, I bequeath to Sir Richard Alison, 
my curate, iiii°^ Hoglaynes^ for to pray for me. Item, to 
All Hallows gylde a shere hogg. Item, to the rood of the 
same parish a shepe. The residue of my goods 1 give to 
Margaret Rosse, my wife, whom I make wholly mine ex- 
ecutrix. Hiis testibus, Domino Ricardo Alyson, and Thoma 
Camson. 

Thomas Campion de Meddilton, husbandman, 10th March, 
1515-16. To the high altar iij^ iiij'*.: to the church, to buy a 
chalis and a mass book in paper, j'', vj^ viij*^. : to the making 
of the glass window on the south side in the church xxl : to 
the reparation of the bells vj^ viij'*. : to William, my eldest 
son, my house in Milton, and xx comb of malt : to John, my 

■^ Burial in the church would not appear to have been a common 
thing in 1515. 

2 A sheep was called a hog or hoglayne (hogling) until he was old 
enough to be shorn. A sheer-hog was a two-year old sheep, one capable 
of being shorn. " It would be curious to see at one view the various 
names in use in the different counties in England for lambs and sheep, 
to distinguish their various ages and conditions." — Moor's Suffolk 
Words, under ' Dans.' 



78 

son, my osier holt in Waterbeche common, and x comb of 
malt : to Sir Richard Alison, priest, viij marks to sing for my 
soul a. year, and that he begin at the feast of the nativity of 
S. John the Baptist next : I give to the causey making 
in Hall end^ in the said parish vi" xiij^ iiij*^, and if it be 
not spent on that, then to the other causeys in the town. 
Witnesses, Sir Richard Alison, Nicolas Hawkins, and Wil- 
liam Richard. 

Eobert Sarondar of Milton, 1st November, 1520. To the 
high altar a comb of barley: x^ for a trentaP for Mary on, my 
wife, at Milton, at four solemn feasts, Christmas, Easter, 
Whitsuntyde, and Hallowmas: to Humphrey Feiston, my 
best brass pot : residue to Emma my wife. Witnesses, 
Thomas Baston and William Richard, 

Join Nicolson de Middelton, 20th February, 1520-1. To 
the high altar iij' iiij*^ : to my wife my house, whilst a widow, 
and if she marry, to John Nicolson, my son : and if he die 
sans issue, I give it to the church, and the churchrevys (?) 
do [pay] for me ij^ yearly, viz, to the vicar for Dirige^ and 
BederoU ^ yiij*^, and for drink and bread [to the ringers] xvj*^ : 
to my wife my best cow, my winter corn, half my crop of 
barley &c. the acre in the Hollow, my half acre of freeland, 
and if he ^ die without issue, my executors to glaze the two 



1 Cole says upon this, " Hall end is the lane where my house stands 
going down to the river, and the common lying on its bank, and passing 
by the hall close on the left hand, where I take it the old manor-house 
stood, as appears by foundations, fishponds, ditches, &c. though the 
present possessor lives in a farm-house nearer the church, and which 
was certainly built by William Cooke in Queen Mary's time, out of the 
ruins of Denny or some neighbouring Abbey, Hill close no doubt a mis- 
nomer for Hall close." — Vol. lx, p. 118, 

2 « Thirty masses on so many days, one on each, Trental comes from 
trigintalia." — Ghron. Precios. p. 109. 

^ Clay's Private Prayers of Queen Elizabeth, p. 60, n. Park, Soc. 
* A list of persons to be prayed for. His name was to be inserted 
therein. 

^ Cole has committed some error here, and, probably, by omission. 



I 



79 

windows, one in our lady's chapel, and the other by the 
holy water stocke^, after the proportion of the new window: 
to my son the second cow and furniture^: to each of my god- 
children a bushel of barley : to Nicolson of Clement 
Hostel ^ v^ for half a trental when he is priest : to All Hal- 
lows Gylde x*^ : to the reparation of the bells x*^. Witnesses, 
Master Richard Allyson, my gostly father, Robert Stede, 
William Campion. 

Emmota Sander of Milton, 12th March 1520-1. I give 
to the high altar pro decimis oblitis a pair of flaxen sheets : 
to the gild of All Saints a cawdron*: item, to the gild 
of S. Katerine, a kettle with a bell : to the bells xx*^ : to the 
torches vj'*: to Esybell Gynnyn [Jenning?] my daughter, 
the residue. Also I will have done for me yearly by the space 
of six years xx'' : that is for to seye, viij*^ for the Dirige, 
and xvj"^ to the ringers. Witnesses, Sir Richard Alanson, 
and Robert Porter. 

JoJinBedall of Milton, 4th April, 1521. To the high altar 
and bells two bushels of barley each : to the torches one 
bushel : to Master Doctor Herryson a great pan with a kettle : 
to my wife, all my household stuff, a heckford^ and the house 
I dwell in, for life, and then to be sold for the health of my 
soul. M"^ Doctor Herryson supervisor. Witnesses, Sir Ri- 
chard Alanson vicar, John Fayrchyld. 

William Ry chard de Mylton, 8th April, 1521. To the high 
altar two quarters of barley : to the rood loft xx combs of 
malt for painting it, and if any money be left of the malt, to 
buy candlesticks to set before it®: to the bells vj^viij*^: to 



^ Stoppe or Stoupe 1 — Glossary of Architecture, Vol. i. p. 448, 
edit. Oxford, 1850. 

* Trappings, harness. 

3 At Cambridge (Fuller, Hist, of the Univ. of Cambridge). 

* Hist, of Landbeach, pp. 38, 39. 

^ Heifer, see Forby's Vocabulary under Heifker. 

* In front of it. 



80 

the torches vj^ viij*^ : to the Redyng of the Church x comb 
of malt : to the gild of All Hallows ij^ iiij'' : to the gild of S. 
Katerine ij^ iiij*^ : to my mother x comb of malt : to John, 
my son, my free house that I dwell in, with a whole 
Theyme Weyre to the plough, viz. iiij oxen, ij horses and 
mares, and as much barley as will sow xx acres of land, and 
to enter, when he is sixteen years old ; and if he die, the 
barley to go to the Redyng of the church, and the house 
to be sold, and the money disposed in charity for my soul : 
to my daughters Isabel, Kose, and Annes, a cow and quarter 
of malt each : an obit to be kept by my wife till John comes 
of age, and to the priest for the Dirige iiij"^, for the Bederoll 
iiij*^, to the ringers xij^ Master Vicar and Nicolas Foote 
supervisors. "Witnesses, Sir Richard Alison, vicar and Wil- 
liam Foote. 

Rose Cokh de Milton, 16th April, 1521. I, Eose Cokh, 
late widow of Thomas Campion of Milton, and his executrix, 
by the consent of William Cock, now my husband, make 
my testament. My body to the Churchyard of Milton: to 
the high altar a comb of barley : to William Cock, xccj son, 
xj pewter platters, and a coverlit: to the churchwardens of 
Milton my customary messuage in Waterbeche with the holt 
in the hollow, my fen in Chetering with pasturing of xviij 
cattle in Beche fen, to have and to hold the said messuage 
holt, fen, and pasturing, cum pertinenciis for evermore : and 
they to keep my anniversary for ever, for the soul of my 
late husband, Thomas Campion, my soul, and the souls of my 
benefactors, in Milton Church, and to expend thereat for Di- 
rige and Bederoll to the Vicar xij*^, and to the ringers at the 
Dirige ij^ viij**, and the residue of the profit of the premises 
yearly to be put in a chest in the church to help to 
pay the king's tax, when it shall happen, for the poor people : 
to Annes Munsey, my daughter, my best gown save one : to 
Joane Page my kyrtell next the best : to Margaret Campion, 
my gown bound with shanks : to Margaret Efitson a sanguiu 



81 

kyrtell and a shete : to Joan Gilbert a petjcote and a sieve- 
less kjrtell : to Tliomas Woodcall a brass pot and pan : to 
AVilliam Cock, my husband, the tenement called the tyled 
house for his life, then to Harry Can and his heirs for ever; 
and if Harry die, to be sold and given in works of charity: 
to my husband, William Cock, a ground called Wyllyers, 
and then to William Cock, my son, for ever, and if William die, 
to be sold and disposed of in deeds of charity for my and late 
husband's souls: to the churchwardens of Milton an acre of 
land for ever to pay yearly to the sepulchre light j"* ^ : and 
the residue of the profit [to be put] in a chest to be applied 
to the reparation of the body of the church, and other repairs, 
at the discretion of the churchwardens : to Joane Page my 
blue harnessed gyrdle, ij platters, ij pewter dishes, ij candle- 
sticks next the best: to Rose Richard, my goddaughter, a 
candlestick, and a shete. And I will and command William, 
my son, and charge upon my blessing, that he in no wise 
let the execution of this my will, as he will answer before God. 
Witnesses, Nicolas Foote, and also Mr Richard Alanson, my 
gostly father. 

Williain. Edwards of Mylton, 12th April, 1538. My 
soul to God, our Lady, and All Saints : to be buried in the 
churchyard of Milton: to the high altar xij*^: to M'^ Doctor 
Harryson, parson there, that he be good unto me, and in 
recompense for my tithes forgotten, xij*^ : to the reparation of 
the church^ a comb of barley : to the bells ij busliels of 
barley : to the ringers of the same bells viij"^^ : for my father's 
and my own souls xvj'' to be distributed : to the sepulchre 
light ij bushels of barley : and ij bushells of rye to the 

^ Hist, of Waterheach, p. 60. 

2 Henry Wylliott of Horniugsey left in 1541 to the reparations of 
Milton Church vj^ viii''. It was not uncommon to make similar bequests, 
but, of course, they did not necessarily imply that repairs were at the 
time actually going on, they were only intended to form a fund which 
might be ready for use when required. 

6 



82 

torches : to my children George, William, Agnes, legacies 
of corn : to the gild of All Hallows ij bushels of barley : to 
Margaret Condatt, my sister, ij bushels of barley, and j 
of rye : to Harry Edward, my brother, my bay foal : the 
legacy of my daughter Agnes to be delivered to William 
Wryght. Margaret, my wife, to be executrix, and John 
Crispe, vicar, to be supervisor, and to have xij*^ for his 
trouble. Witnesses, Syr John Cryspe, vicar and curate 
there, Eichard Wyndffylde, John Goune, Henry Edward. 

Thomas Eversden de Milton, 28th January, 1588-9- My 
soul to God, our Lady, and all Saints : to the repairs of the 
church v^ : to John, my eldest son, the house I dwell in, 
&c. : to William, my son, vj'' : to John, my son, a petycote^ 
of his mother. Supervisors, Henry Briggs and Richard Foote. 
Witnesses, William Gotobed curate, John Norman. 

1 For his own use ? The Christ's Hospital boys still wear, as they did 
in the reign of Edward VI., such an article of dress. 



83 



THE CHAEITIES. 

The Report of the Charity Commissioners informs us\ 
that by the Inclosure Award for the parish of Milton 
1 a. r. 9 p. of freehold land, and 15 a. 2 r. 5 p. of copyhold 
land, fine arbitrary, chiefly in Backsbite Fen, and both tithe 
free, were allotted in 1802 to the trustees of the town lands 
in lieu of their rights of common and other property. This 
statement, however, is hardly accurate, for on inspection 
the Award is found actually to assign 18 a. 3 r. 21 p. to 
Milton, or 2 a. 1 r. 7 p. beyond what is stated in the Report. 
So, also, in 1818, on the inclosure of Waterbeach, there 
were apportioned to the churchwardens and overseers of 
the poor for their freehold lands, &c., 10a. Or. 5 p. of copy- 
hold land in Chittering, next to the Stretham turnpike. This 
last quantity was enfranchised in 1859 at an expense of £80. 

The charity land brings in about £77 a year. At a 
vestry meeting of the parishioners held in January 1850, it 
was agreed, that in future half of the annual proceeds should 
be distributed among the poor : one quarter set apart for 
the repairs of the church, and the remaining quarter for 
the maintenance of the highways. 

The earliest known contributor to the charity fund was 
Eose Cokh in 1521, an abstract of whose will has been 
already printed. Her bequests were to be employed for 
the obtaining of spiritual benefits to herself and friends, for 
church purposes, for the payment, on behalf of the poor, of 

^ Vol. XXXI. pp. 123, 124, London, 1835. 

6—2 



84 

the king's tax, when it should happen, and for the reparation 
of the body of the church. The next contributors appear 
to have been two lords of the manor, William Cooke in 1549, 
and Edward Newman in 1616 : the rent of the land they 
gave was to be expended on the repair of the highways, 
and on the relief of the poor. 

Dr Thomas Goade, then rector, gave in 1622 two acres 
of meadow land in Lugg Holough, the produce or rents of 
which were to be distributed by himself during his life, 
and after his decease by the churchwardens, among the most 
indigent (chiefly widows) and impotent people, yearly at 
the feasts of All Saints and the Purification of the Virgin 
Mary, in equal portions. 

Thomas Whiteage (Whitcaye?) and Constance his wife 
surrendered in 1634 at a court holden for the manor of 
Milton five acres of arable land to the use of Dr Thomas 
Goade for his life, then to certain trustees who were especially 
named, and their heirs : and they directed that the proceeds 
arising from the land should be applied to the same purposes 
as Dr Goade was accustomed to apply what arose from 
his own gift. 

In 1688 the inhabitants purchased five roods of land, 
which were thenceforward known as the Town plot : the 
Tent of these, together with the rent of the Town holt, which 
came into the possession of the parish, also by purchase, 
about the same time, was to be spent in the reparation of 
the ways and the relief of the poor. From the rent of the 
former seven shillings seem to have been set apart to defray 
the expenses incurred on procession day, when the bounds 
of the parish were beaten. 

In 1646 and 1647 two sums of money amounting to- 
gether to £50. 2s., one acre of land, and £6, wherewith 
another half-acre was probably purchased, were given over to 
the inhabitants of the parish of Milton by Simon Harris and 
Thomas Batchcroft, master of Caius College, as compensation 



85 

for the enjoyment in severalty of two closes of pasture, con- 
taining together 13 acres, each discharged of common rights. 
Respecting the disposal of the money nothing more is said, 
than that it was intended for the poor people of Milton : on 
the contrary certain persons, who are named, were enfeoffed 
of the land, wliose rent was to be received yearly by the 
churchwardens, and also applied for the benefit and relief of 
the poor of the said parish. 

In 1657 Thomas Richardes surrendered one acre and a 
half of land called Francis Holt, for the use and relief of 
the poor inhabitants of the town of Milton. Since Thomas 
Eichardes was one of the feoffees for the management of the 
land last mentioned, and the quantity is exactly the same, may 
not this transaction be the transference of a trust by the 
survivor of the body, rather than a new gift made to the 
parishioners ? 

John Ellis in 1660^ made over one acre and a half of land 
in Island field, which he had lately purchased, to Thomas 
and Elias Richardes, upon trust, after his own and his wife's 
decease, that the poor people of Milton should be succoured 
and relieved from time to time for ever with the yearly rents 
and profits thereof in such sort and manner as should be 
agreed upon and thought meet by the chiefest part of the 
inhabitants for the time being. 

Thomas Richardes surrendered one and a half acre of 
arable land in Island field, in 1670, to Richard Foot and 
others. Though lying in the same field with John Ellis' 
gift, this cannot well have been the same piece of land, 
inasmuch as the objects of the trust were not the same. The 

1 Three years later he met with a considerable loss. We learn from 
a list of Briefs in one of the Register books belonging to Kempston in 
Bedfordshire, that in 1663 there were collected for a fire in Cambridge- 
shire at Milton for John Ellis the sum of x'. vj''. He was probably 
connected with the Goade family, for Dr Thomas Goade names in his 
will 'my brother Mr Ellis of Milton'. 



86 

new trustees and their heirs were to permit the church- 
wardens and overseers of the parish of Milton for the time 
being to receive the rents and profits and spend them on 
the repairs of the church, or the relief of the poor, at their 
discretion. The land must rather have been that with which 
the names of John Graves, Thomas Graves, and Margaret 
E-ichardes were connected, as donors, and whose rent was 
appointed to be distributed between the church and the poor 
at the will of the churchwardens and overseers. 

By will dated 2nd May, 1682, Dr Benjamin Whichcote, 
rector of Milton, bequeathed unto the parishioners of the 
same town his two acres of land lying in Fodder Fen, in 
Waterbeach holough, and also his other five acres lying in 
Chittering, (which he had purchased of Alexander and Mar- 
garet Tempest,) after his decease, for the better maintenance 
of the poor of Milton for ever. He likewise gave £100 for 
pious and charitable uses, to be paid within two years of his 
death, £20 whereof were to go to the town of Milton, to be 
laid out upon a yearly revenue to teach children to read and 
write. 

At a court holden for the manor of Waterbeach cum 
Denney in 1801 John Wilson and others were admitted to 
two acres of fen in Waterbeach holough, to hold to them and 
their heirs at a rent of 2s., in trust for the parishioners of 
Milton, to the intent that they, and the survivors of them, 
should lay out and apply all the clear yearly profits thereof 
in and about the necessary reparation of the parish church- 
of Milton. 

All the Milton charity land lying in the parish of Water- 
beach, at the time of the inclosure, was freehold : how it 
became so did not appear, since the trustees of Milton had 
no deed of enfranchisement to show. 



87 



THE INCUMBENTS. 

The incumbents of the churcli of Milton went under a 
variety of titles — rector, sinecure^ rector, vicar, curate, and 
sequestrator. The following two lists of them have been 
drawn up with considerable care and research, still they, no 
doubt, are far from being devoid of errors. The early names 
are taken from Cole^; the later from a variety of sources. 
Three independent causes rendered the list of the vicars the 
most difficult to complete, even so far as this has been ac- 
complished : — 1. The imperfection of the Bishop of Ely's 
registers. 2. Because the vicars occasionally held their prefer- 
ment simply as sequestrators, and thus their names could 
not appear in those registers. 3. The rector sometimes took 
upon himself also the office of vicar, so that if he had any one 
to assist him in his duties, it was only a stipendiary and resi- 
dent curate. 

The Rectors. 

Pefer de Woseri, according to the Rotuli Hundredorum, 
was rector in 1279. The chaplain of the manor chapel, we 
learn from the same authority, was then named Robert. 

Henry. A priest of this name was parson of Milton. No 
year is given as the date of his incumbency. 

Ralph was rector at the very beginning of the fourteenth 
century : a fact of which we are informed in the archdeacon's 
book. 

^ Though this word has been employed in conformity with common 
use, non-resident would have been a more appropriate term. 
"" MSS. Vol. xviii. fol. 84 h. 



88 

P. , (however the name is to be filled up,) was pre- 
sented, whilst rector, to the living of Littlebury near Saffron 
Walden, 15th March, 1345-6. 

John Scot was instituted to the rectory, 29th May, 1349, 
on the presentation of Roger le Strange. His predecessor, 
like the vicar John de Borewell, must have fallen a victim to 
the plague, "the Black Death," which at that time was deso- 
lating England. For the clergy did their duty manfully, not 
fearing to expose themselves to its contagion, so that the 
number of them who fell victims to the pestilence was very 
large \ John Scot's family was clearly connected with the 
parish, one of the same name having occupied land therein 
at least as early as 1279. He was buried in the chancel 
immediately underneath the east window, which had been 
put in at his expense. Possibly, the stone still existing there 
with the matrix of a short brass inscription, belonged to his 
grave. 

John Epurston died about the end of the year 1395. 

Eubulo le Strange succeeded to the rectory 27th January, 
1395-6, on the death of his predecessor, John Epurston. He 
was presented by John le Strange, lord of Knockin, and died 
himself in 1399. 

Philip Seneschal followed Eubulo le Strange. The noble 
lady Matilda le Strange, lady of Knockin, presented him ; 
and he was admitted to the rectory, 18th September, 1399. 
Philip Seneschal resigned the living three years after. 

Eudo la Zouch^ was admitted to the rectory, 10th May, 
1402, on the presentation of Henry IV., in consequence of the 



1 Hook's Lives of the Archbishops of Canterbury, Vol. iv. pp. 105 — 
129 ; Hist, of Landbeach, p. 102. It was so memorable, that it became 
an epoch from which charters and other instrmnents were sometimes 
dated (Nicolas' Chronology of History, p. 389). 

^ Eudo la Zouch was also chancellor of the University. Fuller, Hist. 
sub anno 1396. Baker, Hist, of St John's Coll. ed. J. B. B. Mayor, 40, 
41. Cooper, Ann. [1380] Vol. i. p. 118. 



89 

minority of Richard le Strange, the patron. He gave to 
Philip Seneschal, in exchange for Milton, the rectory of 
Middle Claydon in Buckinghamshire, then in the diocese of 
Lincoln. Eudo la Zouch very soon got tired of his new pre- 
ferment, for 

Thomas Kirlcebird having been presented by the same 
king, and also on the minority of the patron, was instituted, 
15th November, 1403. He had effected an exchange with 
Eudo la Zouch, and vacated in his favour the living of Hogs- 
thorpe in the county of Lincoln. 

John Woodham was instituted, 5th November, 1406, 
Richard le Strange presenting him. Thomas Kirkebird had 
resigned the rectory, receiving in exchange for it the living 
of Suldrop^, in Lincolnshire. 

William Lawender is mentioned as parson of Milton, and, 
of course, as resident on his living, in the return of the gentry 
of the county, which certain commissioners were appointed to 
make in 1433 ^ He was probably instituted in 1429, in which 
year a mandate to induct (without a name) on presentation of 
Lord Richard le Strange, lord of Knockin and Milton, was 
issued. 

Thomas Spahe resigned the rectory in 1449. 

John Pevey succeeded on the resignation of Thomas Spake. 

Walter Luyton (Ruyton?) is said to have become rector 
in 1472. 

t,ames Strathherell or Streytberell occurs as rector in 1488 
and 1493. Was he the rector instituted on the nomination 
of ' leorge Stanley, lord le Strange, 2nd June, 1484 ? 

Richard Hownson was rector in 1506. 

Richard Harrison was rector in 1516, and died in No- 
vell iber, 1542. He was official to James Stanley, bishop of 
Elj", in 1507 and 1512, and acted in the Consistorial Court. 

^ No doubt, Souldrop in the county of Bedford, and then diocese 
of Lincoln. 

2 Fuller's Worthies of England, Vol. i. p. 247; edit. 1840. 



90 

He had the degree of Doctor of Decrees, and likewise of 
Doctor of Laws^. 

Richard Johnes, chaplain, was presented, 31st January, 
1542-3, by Edward, Earl of Derby, on the death of Richard 
Harrison. His being styled chaplain may have meant that 
he was chaplain of the manor chapel in Milton Church. His 
name occurs in connexion with the rectory in 1545 and 1551. 

John Moodyer was instituted, 7th September, 1555, on the 
resignation of Richard Johnes, and presentation of Edward, 
Earl of Derby. He still continued rector 9th June, 1561; 
or, perhaps he had from some circumstance or other himself 
resigned his preferment, and been again presented. For the 
rectory is stated to have been vacant in 1557, and other 
names are mentioned as holding it during about ten years 
from 1555, namely Eichard Joups, John Wood, John Dryer, 
and John Perys. William Gotobed was curate, both in 
February 1557-8, and January 1558-9. 

James Whytfelld was rector in 1565. He is also placed 
among the vicars under that year, so that he must have held 
both offices, and been resident in a double capacity. He soon, 
however, gave up his living, since 

John Taylor, A.M. was instituted, 5th June, 1568, on the 
resignation of James Whytfelld, and presentation of Edward, 
earl of Derby. John Taylor was still rector, 3rd November, 
1595, and 2nd March, 1595-6, at which dates he was rated for 
his parsonage of Milton to raise one petronel furnished ^ 

Roger Ooade was instituted about the year 1600. He 
was born at Horton in Buckinghamshire, and admitted of 
King's College in 1555. He was at one time master of the 
free-school at Guildford, and succeeded Dr Philip Baker in the 
provostship of his college, 19th March, 1569-70. Dr Baker 



^ Bentham and Stevenson, Vol. ii. p. 26. He is wrongly called Henri- 
son in Athen. Cantab. 

° " A small gun used by horsemen, with everything belonging to it." 



91 

liad been deprived by Elizabeth's commissioners, ' because 
he was a papist himself, and a harbom'er of notable papists,' 
&c., and Roger Goade was recommended to the fellows through 
the interest of Archbishop Grindal to be elected in his place. 
Roger Goade, ' a grave, sage, and learned man,' was evidently 
considered a good theologian and disputant, hence we find 
him in 1581 employed with Dr Fulke, master of Pembroke 
College, to confer with Edmund Campion, the Jesuit, in the 
Tower. He was made in 1576 chancellor of the diocese of 
Wells, and chaplain to Ambrose Dudley, earl of Warwick. 
Dr Goade died 25th April, 1610, and was buried in the chapel 
of his College \ 

Thomas Goade^, of King's College ^ A.B. 1596, was in- 
stituted, 3rd September, 1610, on the presentation, according 
to the terms of his father's will, of his elder brother Matthew 
Goade, of Shelfanger, in the county of Norfolk. Fuller* 
doubts, whether he was born at Cambridge or at Milton : the 
point is only so far interesting as bearing upon the fact of his 
father's occasional residence upon his living. Like his father 
Thomas Goade was a Calvinist in his religious opinions. 
Becoming domestic chaplain to Archbishop Abbot, one of his 
father's former pupils at Guildford, he was collated by him in 
1618 to the rectory of Hadleigh in Suffolk. Soon after he 
was sent by James I. to the Synod of Dort, ' a strong proof of 
the high estimation entertained of his theological learning.' 
In 1623 he was engaged, as his father had been, in arguing 
with the Jesuits. There is a great deal about Thomas Goade 

1 Harwood's Alumni Etonenses, p. 43 ; Grindal's Remains, pp. 308, 
359 ; Fulke's Defence, &c. Pref. p. xi. Park. Soc. ; Pigot's Hadleigh, 
p. 166 ; Cole's MSS. Vol. xiv. pp. 96, (Sec. 

2 Thomas Goade, LL.D. nephew of Provost Collins, who in 1630 
became Regius Professor of Civil Law, must have been a relative. — 
Bentham and Stevenson, Vol. ii. pp. 10, 28; Lloyd's Memoires, p. 594; 
Alumni Etonenses, p. 213. 

^ Memorials of Cambridge, Vol. i. pp. 213, 222. 
* Worthies of England, Vol. i. p. 240. 



92 

and his odd notions of ecclesiastical decoration, in Pigot's 
HadleigJi. As an Etonian he was very fond of making Latin 
verses, and continued the practice until his death, 8th August, 
1638, at Hadleigh, ' his most important living,' where of late 
he had chiefly resided, and where he was buried. In his will 
he remembered the poor of Milton, whom he had not for- 
gotten during his life. He wrote Stimulus Orthodoxus sive 
Ooadus Redivivus. A disputation partly theological, partly 
metaphysical, concerning the necessity and contingency of events 
in the world, in respect of God''s eternal decree^. 

Samuel Collins, of King's College, B.A. 1595, succeeded 
to the rectory of Milton on the death of Thomas Goade, his 
being the first appointment made by the new patrons. He 
was an Etonian by birth, as well as by education. Eoger 
Goade caused him to be elected a fellow of his college ' against 
six eminent competitors,' and at length, 25th April, 1615, 
he became provost. In 1611 he had been instituted to the 
vicarage of Braintree. In 1617 he was appointed Eegius 
Professor of Divinity, and a few months after was collated 
by Lancelot Andrews to a canonry at Ely. With his rectory 
of Milton he held the rectory of Fen Ditton. On account of 
his loyalty he was deprived in 1644 by the earl of Man- 
chester of all his preferments, except his professorship and 
the rectory of this parish, both of which he was allowed to 
retain until his death, the latter, apparently, as a means of 
subsistence, the former ' out of necessity,' the finding of a 
successor to him being no easy matter. By connivance of his 
successor he also continued to receive one-half of his income 
as provost^. In 1646, however, he was offered the bishopric 
of Bristol, which he declined. He continued to live at Cam- 
bridge, where he died 16th September, 1651, and was buried 
in the College chapel. He was famed for his wit, memory, 

^ Russell's Memoirs of Bishop Lancelot Andrews, pp. 146, 455 ; 
Alumni Etonenses, p. 198. 
^ Tillotsou's 24th Sermon. 



I 



93 

fluent Latinity and prodigious learning. A few controversial 
works remain to attest his skill as a theological disputant\ 

Benjamin Whichcote, of Emmanuel College, B.A. 1629, 
was born at Stoke in Shropshire. He was fellow and tutor of 
his college, and during his residence in Cambridge preached 
every Sunday afternoon in Trinity Church for several years 
with great reputation and success. In 1643 he obtained the 
rectory of North Cadbury in Somersetshire, and, in 1644, 
whilst residing on his living was selected by the Parlia- 
mentary Commissioners to be provost of King's College 
in the room of Samuel Collins, whom they had just ejected. 
On the death of his predecessor in the provostship, he suc- 
ceeded him also four days after in the rectory of Milton. At 
the Restoration, though himself deprived of his provostship 
by particular order from the king, he contrived to retain his 
living, for, the new provost and fellows having presented 
him, he was instituted 13th November, 1660. Finding, how- 
ever, that this did not give him legal possession, the right of 
presenting him having fallen by lapse of time to tlie Grown, 
he was again instituted, 30th December, on the presentation 
of the king. Benjamin Whichcote then resigned the rectory, 
16th November, 1661, Avas a third time presented by the 
college, and instituted a fortnight afterwards. On ceasing to 
be provost he at once settled in London, being chosen in 
1662 rector of S. Anne's Blackfriars^; but, on the destruction 
of his church in 1666, he ' retired himself to a donative he 
had at Milton.' There he continued about two years, when, 
being considered the best of the clergy and preachers of that 
day, he succeeded Dr Wilkins, just made bishop of Chester, 

^ IJoyd's Memoires, pp. 452, &c. ; Antiquarian Communications, 
C.A.S. Vol. II. p. 157, and Vol. in. pp. 25, &c.; Tillotson's 24th Sermon ; 
Kussell's Memoirs of Bishop Lancelot Andrews, pp. 361, 447; Alumni 
Etonenses, pp. 44, 61. 

- In Alumni Etonenses, p. 202, is a short account of "William Gouge, 
a former minister of the same church, which is well worth a perusal. 



94 

in the vicarage of S. Lawrence Jewry, and on his death, in 
May, 1683, was buried in his church. Dr Tillotson, then 
dean of Canterbury, preached his funeral sermon, in which he 
mentions many things extremely creditable to him. Five 
volumes of his sermons were published at different times after 
his death ^. 

Samuel Thomas^, of Jesus College, B.A. 1667, was the 
successor of Benjamin Whichcote, 1st November, 1683. He 
was born in the parish of S. Martin, Cornwall, and died 3rd 
November, 1691, at Truro, where he had been preacher 
.twenty-six years. 

Charles Roderick, of King's College, B.A. 1670, 'a most 
pious and learned man^,' born at Bunbury in Cheshire was 
the next rector. He was made head-master of Eton in 1682, 
provost of his college in 1689, canon of Ely by the Crown in 
1691, and dean of the same cathedral in 1708. Lord Towns- 
end presented him to the rectory of Eaynham in Norfolk, 
which living he vacated on obtaining the rectory of Milton, 
to which he was instituted, 12 April, 1692. Provost Ro- 
derick died, 25 March, 1712, and was buried in his chapel*. 

Richard Stephens, of King's College, B.A. 1683-4, was in- 
stituted in succession to Provost Roderick, to the rectory of 
Milton, 20th September, 1712. He was the son of a physician, 
who resided at Truro. He voluntarily undertook the sole charge 
of his parish, and executed all the duties connected with it as 
long as he lived. Two names are associated with the parish 
of Milton in 1720, John Blythe of Clare College, B.A. 1701-2, 
and William Dunne of St Peter's College, B.A. 1708-9, but 

^ Tillotson's 24th Sermon ; Birch's Life of Dr John Tillotson, pp. 6, 
101 ; Memorials of Cam^hridge, Vol. i. p. 250 ; Burnet's History of His 
Own Time, Vol. I. p. 321, and Vol. vi. p. 241, edit. 1823 ; Alumni 
Etonenses, pp. 45, 229. 

2 Alias Redskinner, says Cole. Surely, this was merely a sobriquet. 

^ Alumni Etonenses, p. 246. 

* Bentham and Stevenson, Vol. i. pp. 237, 243 ; Alumni Etonenses, 
p. 48. 



I 



95 

we must regard them as curates to Mr Stephens, rather than 
as vicars. Eichard Stephens died at Milton, 5th August, 
1727\ 

Adam Elliott, of King's College, B.A. 1713-14, became 
successor to Richard Stephens, 27th January, 1727-8. He 
held also the vicarage by sequestration. He was an assistant- 
master at Eton, and died there in 17351 William Lemon, 
of Jesus College, B.A. 1700-1, was curate in 1728 ; so also 
was Benjamin Archer, of King's College, B.A. 1718-9, in the 
following year (though Cole styles him vicar under the year 
1731), and John Heath, of King's College, B.A. 1722-3, 
in 1734 and 17381 

Willyam Willymot, of King's College, B.A. 1697-8, was 
presented to the rectory of Milton in 1735 on the death of 
Adam Elliott. He was for many years an under-master at 
Eton ; and subsequently an advocate in Doctors' Commons. 
He died, 7th June, 1737, of apoplexy at Bedford'*. 

John Lane, of King's College, B.A. 1725, followed Wil- 
liam Willymot in the rectory of Milton. In 1744 he had 
held the vicarage by sequestration, like his predecessor, some- 
what about a year. Previously to his removal hither he re- 
sided at Long Melford in Suffolk, as curate of the parish 
under Dr Okes. He held likewise the vicarage of Newport 
in Essex. George Towers, of King's College, B.A. 1727-8, 
who styles himself minister in 1742, is described as curate in 
1740. " John Lane was shot by some robbers in Epping 
Forest in October 1746 in attempting to make resistance 
against them. His money was found in his boots ^." 

Oliver Naylor, of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, B.A. 
1726, became rector on the death of John Lane, and also 



1 Cole MSS. Vol. XVI. p. 63. See the list of vicars, Alumni Eton- 
enses, p. 266. 

2 76^■<^. p. 291. ^ Ibid. Tpp. 295,300. 
* Ibid. p. 277. 5 Ibid. pp. 302, 314. 



96 

sequestrator of the vicarage. William Barford of King's 
College, B.A. 1742, was his curate in 1752, and William 
Craven of St John's College, B.A. 1753, in 1770. He had 
been educated at Eton, and became eventually domestic chap- 
lain to the earl of Carlisle, who gave him the rectory of 
Morpeth in Northumberland. Subsequently the rectory of 
Orton near Peterborough was offered to him, when his 
brother John Nay lor ^, B.A. 1730, a fellow and bursar of 
King's College, and ' a managing person there,' persuaded 
that society to present Oliver to the sinecure rectory of 
Milton, on condition that the rectory of Orton should be con- 
ferred on himself. John Nay lor was curate to his brother 
at Milton in 1746. Oliver Naylor held likewise the non- 
residentiary prebend of Caistor in Lincoln Cathedral. He 
resided for about two or three years at a time alternately 
at Morpeth and Milton. He died, 18th February, 1775, and 
was followed, 4th July, by 

Graham Jepson, of King's College, B.A. 1758. The next 
year Graham Jepson was made vicar of Fulham on the pre- 
sentation of Samuel Knight, the sinecure rector of that parish, 
and resigned in his favour, by permission of the college, his 
rectory of Milton. He was D.D. 1775. 

Samuel Knight, of Trinity College, B.A. 1738-9, M.A. 
1742, was inducted 8th July, 1776. He obtained a fellowship 
in his college, which, however, he soon resigned. Samuel 
Knight was domestic chaplain to Dr Sherlock, bishop of 
London, and also rector of Stanwick in Northamptonshire. 
He resided in the manor house, and died 6th January, 1790 ^ 

Edward Reynolds, of King's College, B.A. 1768, M.A. 1771, 
succeeded, on the death of Dr Knight, to the rectory of Milton. 
He died in June 1796. 

1 Nichols' Illustrations of Literature, Vol. i. pp. 620, 656 ; Alumni 
Etonenses, p. 317. 

2 Nichols' Literary Anecdotes, Vol. v. pp. 360, &c. Vol. ix. p. 610 ; 
Bentham and Stevenson, Vol. ii. p. 132. 



97 

Thomas Key, of King's College, B.A. 1778, was presented 
to the rectory in 1796 on the death of Edward Reynolds. 

William George Freeman, of King's College, B.A. 1789, 
succeeded Thomas Key in 1812. He was an under master 
at Eton, and was accidentally killed in 1841. 

John Chapman, of King's College, B.A. 1827, M.A. 1830, 
was instituted to the rectory of Milton in 1841. Mr Champ- 
nes having vacated the vicarage in 1846, the rectory and 
the vicarage, by the operation of 3 and 4 Vict. 1839, cap. 113, 
were then at length joined together, so that the living re- 
turned to the state in which it had originally been more 
than five hundred years ago, and Mr Chapman became the 
first of a new series of incumbents. 



Vicars. 

John de Borewell [Burwell] was vicar in November, 1348. 
We learn this fact from the records of the manor of Water- 
beach cum Denney. John de Borewell Viccar of Middleton 
sheweth a writinge whereby he purchaseth one Tenem' and 
seaventeene acres of land with th' appurtenances in Middle- 
ton of John de Littlebed (?) to hould to the said John de 
Borewell and his heires for ever, and thereupon doth fealtie. 
His name is likewise mentioned under February of the fol- 
lowing year. An ancestor and namesake of his appears by 
the Rotuli Hundredorum to have occupied land here in 1279. 
John de Borewell, as well as his rector, no doubt died of the 
plague which was then so fatal in England, and which 
carried off so many of the parochial clergy, since 26th June, 
1349, he was succeeded by 

Rohert Rayson, on the nomination of John Scot, the 
rector, and John Eayson\ Had the next presentation to the 
vicarage been purchased? It seems very much as if this 

^ Hist, of Landheachy p. 105. 



98 

were the case. The Kayson family had held land in this 
parish, at least, from 1279. 

Roger Blase resigned the vicarage of Milton in favour of 
John Alvene, on 11th December, 1394, and was therefore im- 
mediately instituted to the perpetual chantry in the church of 
Bourne lately founded for the souls of John Massyngham 
and Roger Sergeant, on the presentation of Sir John de 
Ashwell, vicar of BourneS On the 24th February, 1400-1, 
Boger Blase was also instituted to the vicarage of Wyntworth^, 
having been presented thereto by the prior and convent of 
Ely Cathedral. 

John Alvene became vicar of Milton, 11th December, 1394, 
by exchange with Boger Blase, who had just sent in his 
resignation. 

John Hawforth, vicar, died in 1397. He was succeeded, 
28th April, by 

John Ooodhyne, on the presentation of the rector, Philip 
Seneschal. Some mistake exists here. According to the list 
of rectors Philip Seneschal could not have presented any one 
before 1399. In 1401 John Goodhyne resigned the vicarage 
in favour of Bichard Morys receiving in exchange Ben Yaleye 
chantry in Corbeleye (Corley?) church in the diocese of 
Worcester. 

Richard Morys was instituted, 23rd July, 1401, in the 
place of John Goodhyne. He did not long retain his pre- 
ferment : in 1404 he exchanged it for the rectory of Gresham 
in Norfolk with 

John HaioJcere, who having been presented by Thomas 
Kirkbirde, the rector, was instituted 9th December of the 
same year. 

1 Notes upon Chantries and Free Chapels, by the Rev. B. Ventris, 
M.A., in Antiquarian Communications, C. A. S. Vol. i. p. 207. 

'^ The great tithes of this parish had been appropriated by Bishop 
Northwold to the sacrist of the cathedral, but by 1446 this appropriation 
had been dissolved, so that the living was again a rectory. — Bentham 
and Stevenson, Vol. i. p. 127. ' 



99 

John Orene resigned the vicarage iu 1446 to 

Eudo Quey^. He was instituted, 28th September, on the 
presentation of the rector, who could only have been Thomas 
Spake. In 4 Edw. IV. [1464] Eudo Quej was still clerke, 
also in 1472. 

Edward Why died in 1489, and was followed by 

William Haryest or Hayhurst, who was instituted 6th 
April in that year. He held the vicarage four years, and 
died himself in 1493, when he had for his successor 

John Wade, who was instituted, 4th July, on the presen- 
tation of the rector, James Streytberell. He held the vicarage 
but a very few months, for 

Richard 8treytberell, M.A. was instituted, 16th December, 
1493, on his resignation. The same rector as before, no 
doubt a relative, presented him. 

Henry Holland, for some reason now unknown, was cano- 
nically deprived of his preferment, and, as it seems, late in 
the year 1516. Cole wished to make out, but without suc- 
cess, that the original word was intended to mean promotion, 
not deprivation. Was Henry Holland a protestant before the 
time? 

Richard Alanson (Alyson), bachelor of Decrees, was 
presented by Kichard Harreson, the rector, in succession to 
Henry Holland, and instituted 10th January, 1516-7. He 
was connected with the parish earlier, in the character of 
chaplain, perhaps. That hardly agrees however with the 
title of curate, which is given him by William Rosse's will in 
October 1515, though it does with "priest," which is added 
to his name a few months later. Henry Holland died, 28th 
June, 1529, and was, as we have already seen, buried in the 
chancel. The signature of 

John Crispe, vicar, occurs among the witnesses to several 
wills between 1538 and 1544. He styles himself at the same 
time both vicar and curate. • 

1 John Quey was rector of Downham in the Isle in 1379. 



100 

Thomas Hyssam signs, as vicar, 4th August, 1552, the 
inventory then taken of " Church Goods." 

Henry Colly became vicar of Milton, 7th October, 1555, 
on the presentation of John Moodjer. Bj 1557 he must have 
given up his preferment, for in that year the vicarage, like 
the rectory, was not, it is stated, in the charge of any one. 
The vicarage was also vacant in 1561. Possibly, John 
Moodyer then did the whole duty of the parish himself. 

William Kellaw, was instituted to the vicarage, 10th 
November, 1604. He kept his living some years, and was 
buried at Milton, 19th October, 1620. During his incum- 
bency the copies of the entries in the parish register annually 
sent in to the registrar of the diocese were signed by him. 

Thomas Barnham, M.A., whose name is also found ap- 
pended to the above-mentioned, annual returns, followed 
William Kellam. Dr Thomas Goade must have presented 
him, 

Edward Johnson signs similar returns for the first time in 
1631. He, as well as his predecessors, resided on his cure. 
At length, 7th November, 1644, when he had a wife and four 
children, these articles were exhibited against him to the 
parliamentary commissioners, — that at Christide last he was 
drunk amongst the Papists at Milton, and that he is often so — 
that he is a Practicer of innovations and ceremonies — that he 
liveth very unquietly with his wife, sometimes beating her — 
and is given to swearing and cursing. Whereupon by the 
Earl of Manchester's warrant, dated 7th January, 1644-5, he 
was ejected and sequestrated^. Dr Thomas Goade left by his 
will to the vicar, (and that vicar could be none other than 
Edward Johnson,) " a gowne, a cassocke, a cloake, a suite 
of under apparrell, such as my Executor shall thinke fitt to 
allott him out of mine." 



^ Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, Part 2, p. 279. MS. Baker xlii. 

fo. 248-9. 



I 



101 

John Radcliffe, fellow of Magdalen College, M.A. 1661, 
B.D. 1668 signed as vicar the annual returns for 1664. He 
had been instituted 31st October on the presentation of 
Benjamin Which cote. Permission was also granted him by 
the bishop to preach in his church, in accordance with the 
canons of 1604. 

John Bilton, fellow of Magdalen College, B.A. 3 663-4, 
M.A. 1667, appears, from his signing of the annual returns, to 
have been vicar in 1669 and 1671. In 1670, however, 

William Crosse fellow of Sidney Sussex College, B.A. 
1667-8, M.A. 1671, B.D. 1678, would seem for the same 
reason to have been in possession of the vicarage. 

John Maulyverer fellow of Magdalen College, B.A. 1666-7, 
M.A. 1670, signed the returns in 1672 as vicar. In 1683 
his name appears as a magistrate for this district before 
whom depositions were made respecting burials in woollen, 
thus showing, we may well conclude, that he was still vicar 
of Milton. 

James Bernard fellow of King's College, B.A. 1673-4, 
M.A. 1677, .was vicar when Samuel Thomas was rector; and 
it seems probable in succession to John Maulyverer. He was 
born at Sandall Kirk in Yorkshire, and ultimately became 
rector of Tormarton in Gloucestershire^. 

Richard Stephens, he who afterwards resided as rector, 
took depositions in 1686, and, surely, because he was the 
vicar. In 1692 his name is found subjoined to the annual 
returns, and then he distinctly so styles himself 

Samuel Noyes fellow of King's College, B.A. 1683-4, 
M.A. 1687, B.D. 1709, signs the annual returns as vicar in 
1699. He was born at Beading. In 1689 he became chap- 
lain to the duke of Bolton, and in 1692 to Lord Orkney's 
regiment in Flanders. Queen Anne presented him to the 
rectory of North Church or Berkhampstead S. Mary, where 

^ Alumni Etonenses, p. 259. 



102 

he wainscotted the chancel at his own expense. In 1731 
Samuel Noyes was a canon of Winchester cathedral, and 
died 8th April, 1740\ 

William Bond fellow of Cains College, B.A. 1766, M.A. 
1769, was sequestrator in 1781. 

Samuel Vince, of Caius College, B.A. 1775, of Sidney, 
M.A. 1778, became sequestrator of the vicarage of Milton in 
1789. He did not reside in the parish, but walked over from 
Cambridge every Sunday morning, to perform his weekly 
duty. Samuel Vince died in 1822, having, a few years before, 
vacated his parochial charge. His native county was Nor- 
folk, and he was remarkable, as well for his very simple 
manners, as for his strong provincial dialect. He had been 
senior wrangler of his year, and on account of his high re- 
putation for mathematics, was made in 1796 Plumian Pro- 
fessor of Astronomy. Samuel Vince is described in a note to 
the Pursuits of Literature^, as a very learned, diligent, and 
useful Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at 
Cambridge. His name is thus introduced: — 

There liv'd a scholar late, of London fame, 
A Doctor, and Morosophos his name : 
From all the pains of study freed long since, 
Far from a Newton, and not quite a Vince. 

Besides his university honours, Samuel Vince was made by 
the bishop of Lincoln archdeacon of Bedford. 

James Slade fellow of Emmanuel College, B.A. 1804, 
M.A. 1807, became sequestrator of the vicarage in 1813 in 
succession to Samuel Vince : he was about the same time 
rector of Teversham. The bishop of Chester collated him 
to a canonry in that cathedral in 1816 : in 1817 he be- 
came vicar of Bolton-le-Moors,* having effected an exchange 
of his rectory of Teversham with John Brocklebank, B.D. 
of Pembroke College, who was then vicar thereof: whilst 

^ Alumni Etunenses, p. 265. ^ P. 349, edit. 1808. 



103 

in 1829 the dean and chapter of Chester presented him to 
the rectory of West Kirby. He published An Explanation 
of the Psalms as read in the Liturgy of the Church. 

William Sharpe, of Trinity College, B.A. 1807, M.A. 
1810, succeeded James Slade on his resignation, in 1817, and 
had for his curate Alldersley Dicken, who eventually followed 
him in the vicarage on his own resignation of that preferment. 

Alldersey Dicken, of Sidney Sussex College, B.A. 1815, 
fellow of Peterhouse, M.A. 1818, D.D. 1831, became vicar 
in July 1821. Dr Dicken now holds the college living of 
Norton in Suffolk, to which he was presented in 1831. He 
gained the Seatonian prize poem in 1818 : in 1823 he pub- 
lished his Sermons preached before the University of Cam- 
bridge, and in 1847, some Remarks on the Marginal Notes 
and References of the Bible. Littleton Charles Powys, fellow 
of Corpus Christi College, B.A. 1813, M.A. 1816, B.D. 1824, 
now rector of Stalbridge, Dorsetshire, was curate from 1823. 
On Dr Dickens resignation in 1837 

Charles John Chamjpnes, of St Alban's hall, Oxford, B.A. 
1834, M.A. 1841, D.C.L. 1847, succeeded to the vicarage. 
In 1846 Mr Champnes himself vacated his charge, and thus 
put an end to the double tenure of the living, which hence- 
forth became again only a rectory. He died, aged 36, on 
15 Jan. 1850, as curate of St Giles' Durham. He had also 
been head master of the collegiate school of Glasgow. ( Gent. 
Mag. March 1850.) 



ERRATA. 
Page 12, for D'Egville read D'eyville. 
„ 44, 1. 4, read Ecclia. 
„ 67, 1. 9, read Cannon. 
„ 77, 1. 6, for iiii". read iiii" 



INDEX. 



iEdeldryda, 4 
^delwold, 14 
JEidgax rex, 4 
Ailbertus, 5, 11 
Akeman Street, 23, 26 
Alanson, Richard, vicar, 62, 99 
Altars, suppression of, 39 
Alvene, John, vicar, 98 
Andrews, Lancelot, bishop, 70, 92 
Archdeacon's Book, 37 
Arms, coats of, 52, 62 

B. 

Baitsbite, 27 

Baker, Philip, D.D., 90 

Barford, William, curate, 96 

Barnham, Thomas, vicar, 100 

Barnwell Abbey, 35, 44 

Barton, what, 23 

Bamngartner, J. P., lord of 

manor, 22, 50 
Bawdkyn, what, 28 
Bedall, John, will of, 79 
Bernard, James, vicar, 101 
Bilton, John, vicar, 101 
Bird, Hellen, 62 

■ William, 62 

Blase, Roger, vicar, 98 
Blomefield, Mr, 22, 50 



Bond, William, vicar, 102 
Borewell, John de, vicar, 97 
Bounty, Queen Anne's, 45 
Brihtnothus, abbot of Ely, 1, 33 

C. 

Camping close, 25 
Campion, T., will of, 77 
Cannon, T., epitaph on 67, 
Carucate, how much, 8 
Chamberleyn, Henry le, 16 
Champnes, C. J., vicar, 103 
Chantrey, monument by, 56 
Chaplains, their duty, 18 n. 
Chapman, John, rector, 97 
Charities, the, 83, 86 

trustees of, 83 

Charity, 

Cooke's, 84 

EUis', 85 

Goade's, 84 

Graves', 86 

Harris', 84 

Newman's, 84 

Richards', 85 

Town, 83 

Whichcote's, 86 

Whiteage's, 84 
Charles II., 43 
Chesterton, 23 
Chittering, 86 



105 



Church, 33 

altar rails in, 59 

architecture of, 46, 47 

bells, 46 

clock, 46 

collections in, 65 

description of, 45 — 63 

dimensions, 63 

fees, 65 

founder of, 33 

goods, 40 

incumbents of, 87 — 103 

monuments, 53 

patrons of, 35, 42 

plate, 63 

reseated, 48 
Churchyard, 66 
Cokh, Rose, will of, 80 
Cole, Rev. William, 30 
Collins, Samuel, rector, 92 
Colly, Henry, vicar, 100 
Cooke, Wm. 

lord of manor, 21 

monument of, 60 
Craven, William, curate, 96 
Crispe, John, vicar, 99 
Cross, the village, 26, 27 
Crosse, William, vicar, 101 
Cummin, use of, 14 

D. 

Denney, 7, 15 

Derby, earl of, 21 

Dicken, AUdersey, vicar, 103 

Ditton, Fen, 92 

Doomsday Book, 4 

Dryer, John, 9 

Dugdale, 12 

E. 

Edward the Confessor, 34 
Edward III., 20 
Edwards, William, will of, 81 
Eleanor, meaning of, 19 n. 



Elizabeth, Queen, 35 n. 
Elliott, Adam, rector, 95 
Ellis, John, charity of, 85 
Epurston, John, rector, 88 
Eversden, Thomas, will of, 82 
Excommunication, lesser, 71 n. 
Exning, 11 
Eyville 

John de, 12 

Roger de, 12 

F. 

Fens, names of, 24 
Fields, names of, 24 
Figures, 

found in manor chapel, 52 
at Blunham, 52 n. 
Fishery on the Cam, 14 
Flaxman, monument by, 54 
Foderingay, Ralph de, arch- 
deacon of Ely, 39 
Fonts, why octagonal, 47 
Freeman, William, rector, 97 
Frohock, Oliver, 72 
Furmety Sunday, 29 

G. 
Gager, Dr, 71 
Gilds, 41 

Giles, Rev. Dr, 48 
Goade 

Matthew, 42, 91 

Roger, rector, 90 

Thomas, rector, 91 
Goodhyne, John, vicar, 98 
Goosehall, 26 

Gotobed, William, curate, 90 
Greene, John, vicar, 99 

H. 

Hadleigh, 70 n., 91 
Harris, John, lord of manor,21, 53 
Harrison, Richard, rector, 89 
Haryest, William, vicar, 99 
Haukere, John, vicar, 98 

8 



106 



Hawforth, John, vicar, 98 
Heckford, meaning of, 79 n. 
Henry III., 11^ 16. 
Henry, rector, 87 
Hermitage, Cole's house, 31 
Hide, how much, 6 
Hill (Hall) close, 78 
Hockington (Oakington) Church, 

57 
Hoglayne, meaning of, 67 n. 
Holland, Henry, vicar, 99 
Holm, meaning of, 15 n. 
Horningsey, 1, 6, 33, 57 
Hownson, Richard, rector, 89 
Hyssam, Thomas, vicar, 41, 100 



t 



Impington, 5 
Insula, Simon de, 14 
Island field, 85 



Jepson, Graham, rector, 96 
Jesuits, discussion with, 91 
John, King, 13 
Johnes, Richard, rector, 90 
Johnson, Edward, vicar, 100 
Joups, Richard, 90 
Juratores, who, 13 n. 

K. 

Kellam, William, vicar, 100 
Kennet's Parochial Antiquities, 

19 
Kettle, William, 53 
Key, Thomas, rector, 97 
King's College, 42, 90 
King's Hedges, 11 
Kirkebird, Thomas, rector, 89 
Kirkeby, John de, bishop, 19 
Kitchingman, John, M.A., epi- 
taph, 67 



Knight, Samuel, D.D., canon of 
Ely, 53 

Samuel, M.A., rector, 96'; 
epitaph, 53 

Elizabeth, his wife, monu- 
ment by Flaxman, 54 

Samuel, M.A., esq., epitaph, 
56 

Samuel, jun. esq., epitaph, 
56 



Lady chapel, 42 

Land, different values of, 9 

Landbeach, 57 

Landtax on vicarage, 45 

Lane, John, rector, 95 

Lane, Elizabeth, epitaph, 61 

Lavender, William, rector, 89 

Leverington, 18 n. 

Liber Eliensis, 1, 5 

Liberty of Ely, 16 

London, clergy of, 2 

Lowe, Richard, lord of manor, 13 

Lug fen, 24 m 



Luyton, Walter, rector, 89 



M. 

Manchester, earl of, 92, 100 
Manor, lords of, 11 

chapel, 42 

description of, 13 

house, 28 

value of, 19 
Manubrius, what, 38 
Marsh, Isaac, 50 
Maulyverer, John, vicar, 101 
Meeting house, 32 
Middleton, Sir William de, 30 
Milton 

advowson of church, 42 

appearance of, 45 



107 



Milton, 

assessment of, 20 

extent of, 24 

feast, 29 

enclosure of, 24 

inhabitants of, 30 

meaning of, 22 

owners of land in, 32 

population of, 31 

situation of, 23 

value of property in, 20 
Montibus, Bubulo cle, 11, 35 
Moodyer, John, rector, 90 
Morys, Richard, vicar, 98 

N. 

Naylor, John, 97 

Oliver, rector, 61, 95 
Sarah, epitaph on, 61 

Newman, Edward, lord of manor, 
21 

Nichols, family of, epitaph, 53 

Nicolson, John, will of, 78 

Nonse Rolls, 11 

Noyes, Samuel, vicar, 101 



P , rector, 88 

Parker, Matthew, 40 
Patrick, Bishop, 29 
Pease Porridge Sunday, 29 
Pemberton, Sir Francis, 21 

lord of manor, 22 
Perys, John, 90 
Pevey, John, rector, 88 
Picot, 34 

Pigeons, common food, 14 
Plague, the, 88, 97 
Plough land, what, 8 
Powys, L. C, curate, 63, 103 
Presentation, right of, 35, 42 
Pyx, what made of, 38 n. 



Q. 
Quarrel in a church, 20 
Quarries, glazing, 52 
Quey (Qui) Eudo, vicar, 99 
Qui, 21 

R. 

Radcliflfe, John, vicar, 101 
Railway, Great Eastern, 32 
Ralph, holder of manor, 11 

rector, 87 
Rayson, Robert, vicar, 97 
Rectory, 

house, 67 

sinecure, 37 

value of, 43 
Registers, Parish, 64 
Reynolds, Edward, rector, 96 
Richards', Thomas, charity, 85 
Roadway, account of, 26 
Robert, the chaplain, 18, 87 
Roderick, Charles, rector, 94 
Rosse, William, will of, 77 
Rotuli Hundredorum, 13 
Rychard, William, will of, 79 

S. 

S. Andrew, churches dedicated 

to, 45 
S. Clement's Church, Cambridge, 

31 
S. Giles' Church, Cambridge, 35 
Sander, Emmota, will of, 79 
Sarondar, Robert, will of, 78 
School, Parish, 69 
Scot, John, rector, epitaph, 62, 88 
Scutage, 14 

Seneschal, Philip, rector, 88 
Sepulchre, light, 41 n. 
Sequestrator, 43, 87 
Sharpe, William, vicar, 103 
Slade, James, vicar, 102 
Soc, meaning of, 5 n. 



108 



Somery, John de, 12, 35 

Roger de, 12 
Spake, Thomas, rector, 89 
Spurs, pair of gilt, 14 
Stanley, 

family of, 13 

George, 89 
Steeple, former use of, 46 
Stephens, Richard, rector, 94 

vicar, 101 

Diana, 66 
Strathberell 

James, rector, 89 

Richard, vicar, 99 
Strype's correspondence, 29 
Strange, Le, 

family of, 11 

John, 12, 13 

John, Lord, 13 

Eubulo, rector, 88 

Richard, 20, 88 

Roger, 12 

T. 
Taylor, John, rector, 90 
Taxatio Ecclesiastica, 44 
Tempest, family of, 53 
Thatch, common use of, 41 
Thomas, Samuel, rector, 94 
Thurketyl, 3 

Towers, George, curate, 95 
Trental, what, 78 n. 
Tun (town), meaning of, 23 

V. 

Velum quadragesimale, 38 n. 
Vicar, trespasses of, 44 



Vicarage, 

house, 68 

origin of, 36 

value of, 44 
Villa, meanings of, 13 n. 
Villeins, 4, 16 
Vince, Samuel, vicar, 102 
Virgate, how much, 9 
Visitations of Milton, 69 

W. 

Wade, John, vicar, 99 
Warren at Milton, 13 
Wartpenny, 19 
Waterbeach, 7 
Wentworth, 98 
Whichcote, 

Benjamin, rector, 93 

Sir Paul, Bart., 21 
Whiteage's, Thomas, charity, 84 
Why, Edward, vicar, 99 
Whytfeld, James, rector, 9 
Wilburton, 39 
WiUiam I. King, 13 
Wills, 77 

Willymot, William, rector, 95 
Wisbech, 18 n. 
Wood, John, 90 
Woodham, John, rector, 89 
Woseri, Peter de, rector, 87 



Yardland, how much, 9 



Z. 

Zouch, Eudo la, rector, 88 



CAMBBIDGE : PBINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A., AT THE UNIVEESITY PBES^. 



PUBLICATIONS 

OF THE 

CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 



REPORTS. 
I.— X. Ten numbers. 1841—1850. .8vo. 

REPORTS AND COMMUNICATIONS. 
Reports XL — XIX.; Communications, Octavo Series, Nos. I. — IX. 

Nine numbers. 1851 — 1859. 8vo. 
*,;.* Communications, Octavo Series, Nos, I. — IX., with a title-page 
contents and index, form Vol. I. of the Society's Antiquarian Com- 
munications. 1859. 8vo. 11^. 

Reports XX.— XXTV. ; Communications, Nos. X. — XIV. Five num- 
bers. 1860— 18G4, 8vo. 

*^* Communications, Nos. X. — XIV., with a title-page, contents and 
index, form Vol. II. of the Society's Antiquarian Communications. 
1864. 8vo. 10s. 

Report XXV. ; Communications, No. XV. (marked XIV.). 1865. 8vo. 
2s. 

Report XXVI.; Communications, No. XVI. (marked XV.). 1866. 8vo. 

In the Press. 
Proceedings of the Society and Communications, 1867 — 1869. 8vo. 

QUARTO PUBLICATIONS. 
I. A Catalogue of the originiil library of St Catharine's Hall, 1475. Ed. 

by Professor Corrie, B.D. 1840. Is. 6d. 
11. Abbreviata Cronica, 1377—1469. Ed. by J. J. Smith, M.A. 1840. 
IVith a facsimile. 2s. 6d. 

III. An account of the Consecration of Abp. Parker. Ed. by J. Goodwin 

B.D. 1841. With a facsimile. Zs. 6d. 

IV. An application of heraldry to the illustration of University and 

Collegiate Antiquities. By H. A. Woodham, A.B. Part I. 1841. 
With illustrations. 

V. An application of heraldry, &c. By IT. A. Woodham, M.A. Part 

II. 1842. With ilhistrations. 

*.-.* Nos. IV. and V. together, 9s. 6d. 

VI. A Catalogue of the MSS. and scarce books in the library of St 

John's College. By M. CowiE, M.A. Part I. 1842. 

VII. A description of the Sexti-y Barn at Ely, lately demolished. By 

Professor Willis, M.A. 1S43. With i plates. Ss. 

VIII. A Catalogue of the MSS. and scarce books in the library of St 

John's College. By M. Cowie, M.A. Part II. 1843. 
*^* Nos. VI. and VIII. together, 9^. 

IX. Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages. By Professor 

Willis, M.A. 1844. With 3 plates. 

X. Roman and Roman-British Remains at«nd near Shefford, By Sir 

Henry Dryden, Bart., M.A. And a Catalogue of Coins from the 
same place. By C. W. King, M.A. 1845, With 4: iMtes. 6s. 6d. 

XI. Specimens of College plate. By J. J, Smith, M.A. 1845. With 

13 plates. I5s. 



Publications of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society — continued. 

XII. Roraau-British Remains. On the materials of tvpo sepulchral 

vessels found at Warden. By Professor Henslow, M.A. 1846. 
With 2 plates. 4s. 
*^^' Nos. I, — XII., with a tjtie-page, form Vol. I. of the Society's Quarto 

Publications. 

XIII. Evangelia Augiistini Gregoriana. A description of MSS. 286 and 

197 in the Parker Library. By J, Goodwin, B.D. 1847. With 
11 plates. 20s. 

XIV. Miscellaneous Communications, Part I. : I. On palimpsest sepulchral 

brasses. By A. W. Franks. With 1 plate. II. On two British, 
shields found in the Isle of Ely. By C. W. Goodwin, M.A. With 
4: plates. III. A Catalogue of the books bequeathed to C. C 
College by Tho. Markaunt in 1439. Ed. by J. 0. Halliwell. 
IV. The genealogical history of the Freville Family. By A. W. 
Franks. With 3 plates. 1848. 15*. 

XV. An historical inquiry touching St. Catharine of Alexandria : to 

which is added a Semi-Saxon legend. By C Hardwiok, M.A. 
1849. With 2 plates. 12s. 

*^* Nos. XIII. — XV., with a title-page, form Vol. II. of the Society's 
Quarto Publications. 

OCTAVO PUBLICATIONS. 

I. The Anglo-Saxon legends of St Andrew and St Veronica. Ed. by 

C. W. Goodwin, M.A. 1851. 2s. 6d. 

II. Fragment of a Graeco-Egyptian work upon magic. Ed. by C. W. 

Goodwin, M.A. 1852. With a facsimile. 3s. 6d. 

III. Ancient Cambridgeshire. By C. C. Babington, M.A. 1853. With 

4 plates and a map. ■ 3s. 6d. 

IV. A History of Waterbeach. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 1859. With 

3 plates. 5s. 

V. The Diary of Edward Rud ; to which are added several letters of 

Dr. Beiitley. Ed. by H. R. Luard, M.A. 1860. 2s. (id. 

VI. A History of Landbeach. By W. K. Clay, B,D. 1861. With 

1 plate. 4s. 6d. 
VIL A History of Horningsey. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 1865. 2s. 6d. 
**""' Nos. IV., VI. and VIL, with a title-page, form a volume entitled: 

" Three Cambridgeshire Parishes: or a History," &c. 1865. 12*. 
VIII. The Correspondence of Richard Person, M.A., formerly Regius 

Professor of Greek. Ed. by H. R. Luard, M.A. 1867- 4s. 6d. 

IX. The History of Queens' College. 1446—1560. By W. G. Searle, 

M.A. 1867. 8s. 

X. Historical and Architectural Notes on Great St Marj-'s Church. By 

S. Sandars, M.A. Together with the Annals of the Church. By 
Canon Venables, M.A. 1869. With 1 plate. 3s. 

XI. A History of Milton. By the late W. K. Clay, B.D. 1869. 3s. , 
■ ,,* Nos. IV., VI., VIL, and XL, with a title-page, form a volume entitl| 

" Histories of the Four Adjoining Parishes," &c. 1861—1869. 15s. ^ 

In the Press. 
The History of Queens' College. Part II. By W. G. Searle, M.A. 
December, 1869. 
cambkidge: printed by c. j. clay, m.a. at the university press. ; 

i-S m 



i 



Caif\jiilndge Antiquarian Society. Octavo Puhlications. 
No. XII. 



THE 

COINS, TOKENS AND MEDALS 



OF THE 



TOWN, COUNTY AND UNIVERSITY 



OP 



Camftr%e. 



BY 



WILLIAM GEOEGE SEARLE, M.A., 

VICAB OP HOCKINGTON, CAMBBIDGESHIRE, AND LATE 
FELLOW OF QUEENS* COLLEOE. 




PRINTED FOB THE CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY, 

AND SOLD BY DEIGHTON, BELL, AND CO., AND 

MACMILLAN AND CO. 

1871. 

Price Two Shillings. 



CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 

May, 1871. 



C, C. Babington, M.A., Professor of Botany. 

treasurer. 

Rev. Thomas Brocklebank, M.A., King's College. 
Henry Bradshaw, M.A., University Librarian. 

(iDounctl. 

Eev. W. W. Skeat, M.A., Christ's College. 

Eev. T. G. Bonnet, B.D., St John's College. 

Rev, H. J. HoTHAM, M.A., Trinity College. 

Rev. H. R. Luard, M.A,, University Registrary. 

F. A. Paley, M.A. 

Rev. R. E. Kerrich, M.A,, Christ's College. 

F. C, Wace, M,A,, St John's College. 

W. M. Fawcett, M,A,, Jesus College. 

Rev, S. Banks, M,A. 

Rev. J, E. B. Mayor, M.A., St John's College. 

Rev. W. G. Searle, M.A., Queens' College, 

Rev. J. R. LuMBY, M.A., Magdalene College, 



THE 



COINS, TOKENS AND MEDALS 



^^^ 



TOWN, COUNTY AND UNIVERSITY 



OF 



Camftiilrfle. 



WILLIAM GEORGE SEARLE, M.A. 

VICAE OF HOCKINGTON, CAMBEIDGESHIEE, AND LATE 
FELLOW OF queens' COLLEGE. 




PRINTED FOR THE CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY, 

AND SOLD BY DEIGHTON, BELL, AND CO., AND 
MACMILLAN AND CO. 

1871. 











^.^<\ 



FEINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. 
AT THE UNIVERSITY FEESa. 



OCTAVO PUBLICATIOKS, 
No. XII. 



THE COINS, TOKENS AND MEDALS 



OF 



CAMBRIDGESHIEE. 



The medallic monuments of the town, county and univer- 
sity of Cambridge are of the following three sorts : 

I. The royal coinage. 

II. The tokens issued by private individuals. 

III. Medals. 



The royal coinage extends from the reign of Edgar to the 
reign of William II. and belongs exclusively to the town of 
Cambridge, ' 

In Ending [Annals of the Coinage of Britain, 3 vols. 4". 
London, 1840) we find the following notices of a mint at Ely. 

' Of the mint in this city, no records, it is believed, now 
remain; and all the information at this time to be obtained 
respecting it, must be gathered from the coins, which still exist. 
From these we learn that Edgar and Cnut coined here. 

' Beyond- that period its existence cannot be traced, for 
nothing is to be found in Domesday, and no other coins but 
those of the above-mentioned monarchs have yet been traced 
with the name of this city.' (ii. 157.) 



Among the mints of Edgar we find 

ELY. (Ruding, i. 133.) 

And among those of Cnut 

ELV. Ely? (Ruding, I. 138.) 

However of this town no notice is taken in B. E. Hilde- 
brand, Anglosachsiska Mynt i Svenska kongl. myntkabinettet 
funna i Sveriges jord (4". Stockholm, 1846), which describes 
4232 Anglo-Saxon coins from Edgar to Edward the Confessor. 

The description of these coins, as here given, is little more 
than a rearrangement of the coins described in the above work 
of B. E. Hildebrand, a few being added from the collection of the 
British Museum, through the kindness of W. S. W. Vaux, Esq. 

II 

Of the private coinages belonging to Cambridgeshire there 
are two classes. 

i. The private tokens of the xvii. century, and 

ii. The private tokens of the xviii. and xix. centuries. 

i. Of the first class of tokens there is a considerable num- 
ber, and not only do the large towns, Cambridge, Ely, Wisbeach 
figure in the list, but also many small villages. 

The earliest date found on tokens is 1648, and they were 
forbidden by a royal proclamation of 16 Aug. 1672 ; the dates 
on the Cambridgeshire tokens extend from 1651 to 1671 ; they 
are all private except the one issued by the overseers of the poor 
of Littleport. They are halfpenny and farthing tokens, mostly 
the latter, and bear often on the reverse the initials of the issuer 
and his wife. They have a mint-mark, which is usually a mullet 
or star of five points. 



The descriptions and notes are taken from 

W. Boyne, F.S.A. Tokens issued in the seventeenth cen- 
tmy in England, "Wales and Ireland (8°. London, 1858). 

C. C. Babington, M.A. Catalogue of the Tradesmen's tokens, 
known to have been issued in the County of Cambridge, during 
the latter 'part of the 17th century, in Antiquarian Communica- 
tions (I. 15—28). 

C. H. Cooper, F.S.A. Annals of Cambridge (ill. 541 — 3). 



I 



ii. The tokens issued in the xviii. and xix. centuries were 
struck by private persons to facilitate trade. 

Of these there are four quite distinct divisions : 

The copper tokens struck between 1788 and 1800. 

The copper tokens struck between 1811 and 1818. • 

The silver tokens struck in 1811 and 1812. 

The copper tokens struck since 1818. 

The national copper coinage had towards 1790 become very 
much worn ; it was also insufficient in quantity to meet the 
requirements of trade, and accordingly it was felt to be a great 
convenience, when about 1787 the Anglesey mining companies 
issued their handsome pennies and halfpennies, which were of 
full weight and bore on them a promise of exchange for the 
national currency. Other persons took up the idea, and a very 
great number of these tokens were issued. Use soon degene- 
rated into misuse. Tokens began in 1794 to be manufactured 
in prodigious quantities, and as collectors of this kind of coins 
multiplied, for them coins were created, either purporting to 
belong to different towns, where they were quite unknown, or 



by mixing obverses and reverses indiscriminately, thus pro- 
ducing the so-called 'Mules'; a third class of private coins 
consisted of pieces, which resembled medals rather than coins. 
These were manufactured to gratify the longing of unscientific 
collectors for new varieties. This tendency was well satirized 
in the following token : 

Ohv. TOKEN COLLECTOES' HALFPENNY. PAYABLE ON DE- 
MAND 1796. A connoisseur smoking a pipe, sitting by a table 
spread with medals, an old man standing behind him putting 
upon his head a fool's cap. 

Eev. BE ASSUKED FRIEND MULE YOU SHALL NEVER WANT 

MY PROTECTION. An ass and a mule saluting each other. 

Edge, any sum given for SCARCE ORIGINAL IMPRESSIONS. 
(The letters raised.) 

Another differs only in the reverse : 

ASSES RUNNING FOR HALFPENCE. Two boys riding a race 
upon asses. (Conder, Provincial Tokens, p. 219.) 

The great Soho copper coinage of 1797 put a check upon 
this private coining, and there are but few tokens belonging to 
the last years of the 18th century. The Soho coinage how- 
ever also raised the price of copper, and this caused the heavy 
tokens to be melted up, and, as the public refused to take the 
lighter ones, they too experienced the same fate. Towards 1811. 
the want of copper money again had become felt, while the 
price of copper fell, and the mining companies sought to get 
rid of their copper by coining tokens. This was done to such an 
immense extent, that it was found necessary to declare the 
coining and circulation of tokens illegal by act of parliament 
from 1 Jan. 1818. 



vn 

Since that time only a few coins have been struck with a 
claim to the name of farthing. 

The want of silver money produced a private coinage of silver 
tokens in the years 1811 and 1812 ; of these one belongs to the 
town of March. 

The descriptions of the tokens of this second class are taken 
from 

Jos. Neumann, Beschreibung der bekanntesten Kupfermtinzen 
(8°. Prague, 1858 fF.), Vol. iv. 

James Conder, Arrangement of Provincial Coins, Tokens, 
and Medalets. 8°. Ipswich, 1798. 

Boyne, Silver tokens of Great Britain and Ireland. 8°. Lon- 
don, 1866. 

III. 

To this division belong 

i. Medals issued on the occasions of the installation of the 
different chancellors. 

ii. Medals given as prizes by the university. 

iii. Medals given as prizes by the colleges. 

iv. Medals of the boat-club and other clubs of the 
university. 

V. Medals of the college clubs. 

vi. Medals of private societies. 

vii. Miscellaneous medals. 

Of these the 1st, 4th, 5th, and 6th sets were issued by the 
Messrs Peters, Market-place, till the death of Mr J. C. Peters 



vm 



in 1867, and since his death by his successor in the business, 
Mr Munsey. 



This list must be understood to be mainly a compilation 
from materials already published, the only thing attempted being 
to present to the reader as complete a view of the medallic series 
of the county as was possible. The second division will pro- 
bably never be much increased, although in the first class the 
compiler has been fortunate enough to add two more villages 
(Histon and Eltisley) to the list of names already known. 




I. 

THE ROYAL COINAGE UNDER THE ANGLO-SAXON 
AND ANGLO-NORMAN KINGS. 



CAMBRIDGE MINT. 



Anglo-Saxon Coins. 



EDGAR 

Ohv. The king's head to the left 
(dexter side), with diadem. 

EADIrAR REX ANnLO^ 



959- 

Rev. 



-975. 



Within the inner circle a small 
cross. 



+ ALBART M-0 tRANT 



EDWAED THE MARTYR. 975—978, 

King Edward the martyr is the first monarch who is known to have coined 
'[at Cambridge]. A penny of his has Grant on the reverse. Ending (1840), i. 132, 
ii. 157- 

ETHELRED IL 978—1016. 



I. Ohv. The king's head to the left. 

\ 

I 

+ iEDELR^D EEX ANLLO 



f EDELRED 
if EDELEED 
;+■ ^DELR^D 
f EDELRED 
f ^DELR^D 

f 

f .aiDELRED 
f 



ANt 
ANliO. 

ANIrL 

AN 
ANliLO 



ANErL 
AN& 



Rev. Within the inner circle a small 
cross. 

-f MLFyi M-0 ni~NTE 
+ MLFyiXs ON LRANT 
+ LLERN MON LARNTET 
+ LEOFSItE MO^ GRA 

+ ON liRAN 

+ f VLFZIIr ON IrARNT 

+ MON GRANT 

+ fVLPSItE M-0 GR 
+ — GRAN 



II. Ohv. The king's Lead to the 

right (sinister side). 

+ ^DELRED EEX ANtLOv^X . 
+ ^DELE^D ANIrLOV 

III. Obv. The king's head to the left, 

with sceptre. 

+ ^DELE^D EEX ANtLO^X 

+ ^DELEED 

+ 

+ -ffiDLE^D • — 

+ MBELRJEB 

+ 

+ ■ 

+ ^DELE^D 
+ ^DELE^D 
-h iEDELEED 
+ ^DELE^D 
+ -aiDELEED 
+ ^DELEiED 

+ 

+ iEDELE^D 



ANGLO '^ 
ANGL(riX 



IV. Ohv. The king's head to the left 
without any diadem, the hair expressed 
by lines diverging as from a common 
centre, and terminating in pellets. 

+ ^DELE^D EEX AN&LO 

+ uEDELEiED AN 

+ ANli 

4- JEDELEDE ANtLOX 

+ ^DELE^D ANrrLCP 

+ iEDELE^D Ali 

+ ^DELE^D ANliLO^X (?) 

V. Obv. The king's head to the left 

helmeted and with a radiated 
crown. 

+ .ffiDELE^D . EEX ANtLO 

+ ANtL 

+ 



JRev. The hand of Providence between 
A and w. 

+ f ILMVND MONETA LEANT - 

+ f VLFLAE M"0 LEAN | 

Eev. A cross voided, reaching to the inner 
circle ; in the angles C-E-V-X. j 

+ -ffiLFEIL M-0 IrEANT 

+ ^LFf INE M-Q tEANT 

+ EADMVND — 

+ EADEIL — • 

+ EADJ7INE — 

+ EDEIL — 

+ EDflNE M-0 LEAN 

+ — LEANT 

+ LOD^INE — 

+ HVNSTAN M-0 LEAT 

+ HVSTAN M-0 LEAN 

+ LEOFNOD — 

+ OSLYTEL M-0 LEAN 

+ M-0 LEANT 



+ SIDJ7INE — 

Rev. Long cross voided, extending to tli 
edge of the coin. (Ii-ish type.) 



+ .ffiLFEIL M'O LEANT 
+ EDf INE M'O LAN 

+ — LEAN (or lea) 

+ ■ MO- LEAN 

+ LODEIL M'O LEANT 
+ J7VLFSILE M-0 LEANT 
+ M-0 LEAN 

Jlev. Cross voided, extending to the edge 
of the coin, over a square with three 
pellets at each corner. 

+ LEOFSILE M'O LEANT 
+ f VLPSIL M'O LEAN 
+ fVLFSILE M-0 LEAN 



CNUT. 1016—1035. 



I. Obv. The king's head, crowned 
the left, in a quatrefoil. 

+ LNUT EEX ANItLOI 



to 



+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 

+ 
+ ■ 
+ 
+ ■ 
+ • 
+ 
+ 



ANIrLOEV 

ANIrLORVM 

AN&L 

AN&LORV 

ANIrLOR 

ANLLOXK 

AN&L 

ANIrLORV 



ANtLOI 
ANI.LO 



ANIiLOI 
ANtLCKS: 
ANIrLOE, 
ANnLO 
ANIrLOR 
■ AN&LORVM 
ANtLO 
ANIrLOR 



II. Ohv. The king's head mitred to the 
left, in front a sceptre, the inner 
circle touching the shoulders. 

+ LNVT REX A 

A EEX AN 

^ ELX AN 

H RE&X 

+ LNT RELX AN& 

III. The king's head to the left, 

crowned, with a sceptre. 

+ LNVT EELX 



Rev. Cross voided extending to the edge 
of the coin, on a large quatrefoil. 

+ ADEA ONI &EANTB 
+ LNIHT MO tRAN 

+ 

H ON IrEAT 

+ 

+ LYNIHT 'on l^EAN 
+ tODf INE M ErEA 
+ LEOFSI ON tEANT 
+ LEOFZIt ON LEAN 
+ LEOFSIIr M HRA 
+ LEOrSItE MO nRA 
+ LIOFSIG ON LRAN 

+ LIOFSII — 

+ . _ 

+ ORNST M?0 LEA 
+ f VLFSI ON LEA 

+ — LEANT 

+ — 

+ f VLFSIL MON LRA 

+ ON LEAN 

+ J7VLFSII ON LRAN 

Ik,v. Within the inner circle a cross 
voided, the limbs issuing from a cen- 
tre circle, loops in each angle. 

+ ADA ON LRANTI (b.M.) 

+ ^LFJ7IL ON LEATE 

+ EDf INE ON LEANT 

+ LEIM ON LEANTE (B.M.) 

+ LEOFSILE ON LEAN 

Rev. Within the inner circle a cross 
voided, on it a tressure of four sides 
with a pellet at each corner. 

+ LODf INE ON LEAT 

1—2 



HAROLD I. 1035—1039. 

I. Ohv. The king's head filleted, to Rev. A cross formed of four ovals,| 

the left. issuing from a centre circle. ' 

+ HAEOLD EEX + fVLFf INE ON IrKAN 

II. Ohv. The king's head filleted, to Rev. A cross voided, extending to the - 

the left, with a sceptre. edge of the coin ; a flower in each 

angle issuing from a compartment in 
the centre. 



+ HAROLD EELX 
+ NAEOLD EEX 



+ ^LFj7IN ON IxRAN (b.M.) 

+ f VLJ7INE ON EAT 



HARTHACNUT. 1039—1042. 



Obv. The king's head to the left 
filleted, with a sceptre. 

+ HAEDLNV 



Rev. A cross voided, extending to the 
inner circle, on it a treasure of four • 
sides with a pellet at each corner. 

+ MLFflXs ON IrRANT 



EDWARD THE CONFESSOR. 1042—1066. 

I. Ohv. The king's head crowned to Rev. A small cross within the inner 
the left. circle. 



+ EDJ7EED EEX 



+ EDSTAN ON LRATE 



II. Ohv. The king's head, full face. Rev. A small cross within the inner 
bearded and crowned, within an inner circle, 

circle. 



+ EADf AED EE 



+ PVLFJ7I ON LEANT 



III. Ohv. The king's head to the Rev. A cross voided, extending to the 

left, with a sceptre. inner circle, on it a tressure of four 

sides, with three pellets at each angle. 

+ EDf ERD EEX A + ETSTAN ON LRANTE 

IV. Ohv. The king's head to the left, Rev. A long cross voided, extending 

with sceptre. to the edge of the coin, each arm 

terminating in a crescent and pellet, 
in the centre an annulet, in the an- 
gles P-A-L-X. 



+ EDJ7AED EEX 



+ tODSVNV ON liEA 



V. Obv. The king seated on his throne, Rev. A cross voided, in each angle a 
with orb and sceptre. martlet. 



+ EADf AED EEX ANIrLO 
+ ANLLOR 



+ ^LFj7m ON nEA (b.m.) 

+ nODj/INE ON IrEANT (b.M.) 



VI, Obv. The king's head to right Rev. Witliin an inner circle a cross 



mitred, with a sceptre. 

+ EDf ERD EEX 

VII. Obv. The king's bust to the left, 
fiUeted, 

+ EDf EED EEX 



voided terminating in three crescents ; 
in the centre an annulet. 

+ tODf INE ON tEANT (b.M.) 

Rev. Cross voided (small size). 



+ ETSTAN ON &EA. 



(B.M. 



HAKOLD II. 1066. 

Obv. The king's head to the left, Rev. The word PAX between two Unes, 

crowned with a sceptre. across the field. 

HAEOLD EEX + f VLFJ7I ON tEANTI (b.M.) 



ii. Anglo-Norman Coins. 
WILLIAM I 1066—1087 



WILLIAM II. 1087—1100. 



Ibv. The king's bust crowned, front 
face, with a sceptre. 

+ pILLELMVS RE+ 



Rev. Plain cross, extending to the inner 
circle : In the angles the letters P-A- 
X-S, each within a small circle. 

+ VLFHIL ON liEANT 



II. 

THE PEIVATE COINAGES. 



TJie Private Tokens of the xvii^/i Century. 



{a) The Town of Cambridge. 

1. lAMES . ALDERS = A lion rampant. 

IN . CAMBRIDGE = In the field i . A i 

James Alders was one of the Bailiffs of the Corporation, 1653 — 1657. 

2. RICHARD . ALLEN . ROSE = A Tudor I'OSe. 

TAVERNE . IN . CAMBRIDG = In the field nfi ^ 

Richard Allen first occupied the Rose Inn in 1653. 

3. lAMES . ANDERSON = A lion rampant. 

IN . CAMBRIDGE = {BowtelT) | 

4. NICHOLAS . APTHORP = A globe on a stand. 

IN . CAMBRIDGE = In the field N . A I 

Nicholas Apthorpe was appointed common councilman in 1685. 

5. JOHN . BIRD . 1667 = The Merchant Tailors' Arms. 

OF CAMBRIDGE = In the field 1667. \ 

The Arms are A royal tent between two robes, on chief a lion passant. 

5. a. Cole mentions one of John Bird, 1667, bearing a fess 
between three birds. 

6. JOHN . BLACKLY . BAKER = The Bakers' Arms ; no inner 
circle. 

IN CAMBRIDGE = In the field ^^ I 

The Arms are A balance between three garbes, on a chief barry wavy of four. 



7. JONATHAN . BROWNE. = The Grocers' Arms. 

IN . CAMBRIDGE. = In the field lo^ b in monogram. ^ 

8. WILL . BRYAN . IN . CAMBRIDG = Three cloves. 
CONFECTIONER . 1652 = In the field w'Ph i 

William Bryan was Mayor in 1650 and 1657. He was displaced from being 
Alderman in 1662. Cooper, Ann. iii. 503. He died 1690. 

9. I .-B . VNDER . THE . ROASE = The Bakers' Arms. 

IN CAMBRIDGE : = In the field i\ i 

A Mr Bryan died at the Rose in 1652, and his widow was succeeded by 
Rich, Allen in 1653. The Rose was the starting point of the London stage coach 
from 1655. Rose crescent now occupies the site of its yard. 

10. EDWARD . CHALLis : = The Haherdashers' Arms. 

IN CAMBRIDG . 1663 = In the field E . c I 

The Arms are Barry nebuly of 4, a lion passant gardant on a bend dexter. 

10. a. A variety has the initials E . c larger. 

11. FRANCIS . CHALLIS = A broche of 5 candles. 

IN . CAMBRIDGE . 1653 = In the field F . C I 

Francis Challis was elected Alderman in 1655, but refused the office. Cooper, 
Ann. iii. 463. 

12. lOHN . CHAPLYN = A broche of 8 candles. 

IN . CAMBRIDGE = In the field i^m i 

13. lOHN . CHAPLYN = A broche of 7 candles. 

IN ."CAMBRIDGE . 1667 = In the field i^m J 

He was common councilman till 1685 (Cooper, Ann. iii. 605). 

14. ED . CLARK . HABERDASHER = The Haberdashers' Arms. 
IN . CAMBRIDGE . 1652 = In the field e^a i 

The Arms are not quite correct, being Sem^ of roundlets (instead of being barry 
nebulae), per bend dexter a lion passant gardant. 

14 a. A variety has for the roundlets tears, thus coming 
near to the true representation of the arms. 

14 b. Cole mentions one of Ed. Clark of the date 1654. 

14 c. Bowtell and Cole describe one of Ed. Clark, with the 
legend as in No. 14, but the date 1664, and the arms correct. 

15. PETER . COLLINS . IN = A hand holding a glove ; no 

inner circle. 
CAMBRIDGE . 1656 = In the field w. m ^ 



8 

16. RICHARD .COOKE . AT . PEASE = In three lines his | 

HALFE I PENY 

HILL . IN . CAMBEIDG. 1669 = A TalLot passant. ^ 

17. lOHN . CRASKE . OF : = The Grocers' Arms, 
CAMBRIDGE . 1667 : =Iu three lines His | half ] peny 

Below i^A 2 

The Arms are Argent, a chevron between nine cloves, in groups of three, sable. 

18. THOMAS . DARE ANT = A griffin passant ; no inner circle. 
IN . CAMBRIDGE = In the field t'^m i 

19. lOHN . DOD . AT . THE . RED . HART = A hart lodged ; 

over its hack 1667. 
AND . ANTELOP . IN . CAMBRIDG = An Antclopc, and 
under it His | i 

The Eed Hart Inn was in Petty Cury on the site of the new buildings 
belonging to Corpus Christi college. 

20. lOHN . EWIN . IN = Man dipping candles ; no inner 

circle. 
CAMBRIDG . 1652 = In the field i^a " ' ' i 

John Ewin was elected Alderman in 1655, but refused the office. He was 
Mayor in 1659-60, aud proclaimed King Charles II. on 11 May. Cooper, 
Ann. iii. 463, 478. 

21. THOMAS . EWIN . IN = A man dipping candles. 
CAMBRIDGE . 1668 = In three lines his | half [ peny 

and below t.e h 

Thomas Ewin was Mayor in 1679, 1690, and 1699. 

22. AT . THE . MITER . IN = A mitre ; no inner circle. 
CAMBRIDGE. 1651= In field e"^e i 

Cooper, Ann. iii. 265. ' The Mitre tavern in Trumpington Street in St 
Edward's parish, now the private dwelling of Mr Farish, surgeon.' Bowtell. 

This house stood where the church of St John Zachary formerly stood, which 
was pulled down to make way for King's college (Blomefield, Collect. Cantab. 212). 
It was on the site of King's college screen, south of the gateway. 

23. GEORGE . fellsted = Two pestles in a mortar ; no 

inner circle. 
IN . CAMBRIDGE. = In the field g.a \ 

George Felslted was displaced from being councilman in 1662. 



24. THOMAS . FELSTED = The Bakers' Arras ; no inner 

circle. 
IN . CAMBiiiDG . 1664 = In tlie field rpfi) ^ 

25. THOMAS . FENN = A woolpack ; no inner circle. 

OF . CAMBEIDGE = In the field T . F ^ 

26. lOHN . FINCH . mar: =^ In the field i . F 

KET . PLACE . CAMBEI. = In the field I . F "I 

Probably on the site of the shop of Messrs Hurrell and Beales, ironmongers. 

27. THO . FOX . AT . THE . BLACK = A buU ; no inner circle. 

BVLL . IN . CAMBRIDGE = In the field T . F | 

Tho. Fox was Mayor in i68o, 1694 and 1707. He died 1710. The Black Bull 
is DOW the Bull near St Catharine's college. 

28. lOHN . FEOHOCK = A Shield of Arms ; no inner circle. 
IN . CAMBRIDG . 1660 = In the field j^m i 

He was displaced from being councilman in 1662. A John Frohock was Mayor 
in 1703. 

The arms are On a chevron between three leopards' faces, as many trefoils. 

29. In five lines will . | goeham . | of . camb | geocee | ^q^ 
A shield of Arms ; a fess between three matches ; crest, 

on a ducal coronet a lamp of three branches. -J 

The Arms of Leete of Kingston Cambridgeshii'e, differing in having three in 
place of two matches. 

30. FEANCis . HAMPSON = Two tobacco-pipes lying trans- 

versely upon a grate. 
IN . CAMBEIDGE = In the field 1667. ^ 

31. EGBERT . HARWOOD = In the field n^c 

IN . CAMBRIDGE . 1660 = In the field ^q \ 

Cole gives the name as Richard Harwood. 

32. lAMES . HAWKE . = The Grocers' Arms. 

IN . CAMBRIDG — In the field i jm \ 

33. A variety has the date 1667 on the rev. \ 

34. lOSEPH . HEATH . OF — A Shield of Arms. 
CAMBRIDGE . 1666 = In the field i^h i 

Joseph Heath was appointed common councilman by the new charter of 1685. 
(Cooper Ann. iii. 603). 

The Arms are Per chevron, in chief two muUets, in base, aheathcock. 



10 

35. ELIZEBETH . HOGHTON = In the field E . H 

IN . CAMBRIDGE = In the field E . H I 

36. EDvvAED . lENNiNGS = A broche of 5 candles ; no inner 

circle. 
OF . CAMBRIDGE = In the field e . i | 

37. FRANCIS . ierman . =The Grocers' Arms. 

OF . CAMBRIDGE . 1667 = In three lines his : | halfe | 

PENNY I 

Francis Jermin was treasurer in 1662-63, and mayor in 1678, 1696 and 1697. 

38. STEPHEN . lOHNSON . OF = A hart. 

CAMBRIDG . 1669 == In the field s?a i 

39. JOSEPH LINSEY = A two-headed eagle displayed. 

IN . CAMBRIDGE . 1663= In three lines His [ half | 

PENY. i 

He died 1665. Blomefield, Collect. Cantab. 61. 

89. a. A variety with the same inscription and device in 
all respects, except that there is an E at the end of half on the 
reverse, and the whole is worse executed. 

40. SAMVELL . LONG . AT . THE = A pot of lilies. 
LILLY . POT . IN . CAMBRIDGE = In the field lees 

41. ' lOHN . LOWRY . OF . CAMBRIDGE . HIS . HALFE . PENyJ 
1657 . encircling a bust of his patron Oliver CromwellJ 
This token is rather singular, being struck in cameol 
that is to say, the letters &c. are indented instead 01 
intaglio, or cut in relief, as coins are in general.' 

{BowtelT) -H 

' J.ohn Lowry is said to have issued a halfpenny in 1657. I have never msB 
with it, and doubt its existence. There were a few halfpennies struck before the 
Restoration, but they are scarce.' — Boyne. John Lowry was Mayor 1644 and 
M.P. for Cambridge in 1658. Cooper, Ann. iii. 472. 

42. CHRISTOFER . MAiES — A brochc of 5 candles. 
IN . CAMBRIDGE = In the field CM 

Christopher Mayes was elected alderman in 1655, but refused the officej 
Cooper, Ann. iii. 463. 



11 

43. lOHN . MARSTON . IN TRUMP. = A hand issuing out of 

clouds and pouring coffee out of a coffee pot 
into a cup, 3 other cups by the side on a table. 
INGTON . STREET . CAMBR = In three lines his | halfe I 

PENNY. I 

44. OWEN MAYFIELD = A mitre ; no inner circle. 

IN,. CAMBRIDG . 1658 = In the field o^s i 

Owen Mayfield was a vintner and lived at the Mitre Inn (see n" 12). He 
was mayor in 1672. He died in 1686, aged 59 years, and is buried in St Edward's 
church in Cambridge. Blomefield, Collect, 82. His will is in MS. Baker xxxvii. 
p. 451 flf. Cooper, Ann. iii. 515, 517. 

45. lOHN . NEWTON . IN = The Grocers' Arms. 
CAMBRIDG . 1652 = In the field i^a i 

John Newton was treasurer of the town in 1657. Cooper, Ann. iii. 466. 

46. lOHN . NICELES . AT . BLEW = An anchor. 

MARKET . HILL . CAMBRIDG = In the field j^i I 

The Blue Anchor was behind the town hall, where the town clerk's offices 
now are, 

47. lOHN . PECKE . 1668 = The Bakers' Arms. 

OF. CAMBRIDGE . . = In three lines his | half | pent; 
below ijii J 

48. SANDis . PEYTON = Shield of Arms and Crest ; no inner 

circle. 
IN . CAMBRRIDGE = In the field s'^M I 

Sandis Peyton died 1682, and was buried in St Benedict's church. He be- 
longed to the family of the Peytons of Isleham. Blomefield, Collect. 47. 

The Arms on this token are On a cross engrailed a mullet, a bordure billotte ; 
those of the Peyton family are Sa. a cross engrailed or, in the second quarter a 
mullet or. The crest is a grifSn sejant, on a helmet. 

49. lAMES . POTTER = In the field 1667. 

IN . CAMBRIDG = In the field j-^e i 

50. ' THOMAS . POWELL . IN . CAMBRIDGE . HIS . HALFPENY . 

Tjs. 1665 . Sign a bunch of grapes.' {Bowtell) J 

61. THOMAS . POWELL . IN = Checkers. 

CAMBRIDGE . 1666 = In three lines his | half | peny |; 
below T^E i 

51 a. A variety reads 1666 : 



12 

52. Also of 1667. 

53. HENERY . EAPER . IN = In the field H^M 

CAMBRIDG . GROCER = A sugar-loaf ; no inner circle. \ 

54. HENERY . EAPER . IN = In the field hI'm 

IN CAMBRIDQE . 1660 = A pair of shears ; no inner 
circle. I 

55. I'RANCiS . RVSSELL = Arms of the Kussell family ; a 

lion rampant within a bordure, crest a demi- 
goat ; no inner circle. 
CAMBRIDGE . 1663 = In the field y\ I 

56. HENERY . SMITH = The Habcrdashers' Arms. 

IN . CAMBRIDGE — In the field h^m J 

57. WILLIAM . SMITH = The Leathersellers' Arms. 

IN . CAMBRIDGE . 1670 = In three lines his | half | 
PENY; below w^e I 

The Arms are Three stags regardant tripping. « • 

58. lOHN . SPARKES . BAKER = The Bakcrs' Arms. 

in . CAMBRIDGE . 1653 = In the field i\ I 

59. BENJAMIN . SPENCE . 1668 = The Grocers' Arms. 

OF . CAMBRIDGE , CHANDLER = In three Hnes HIS I 

HALF I PENY. | 

60. lOSEPH . TIFFORD . IN = Three cloves. 
CAMBRIDGE . 1659 = In the field i . T | 

61. WILL . WATERSON . OF = In the field \^ 
CAMBRIDG . CARYER =' In the field E . w I 

Waterson mentioned in a letter of John Strype. Cooper, Ann. iii. 504. 

62. WILLIAM . WELLS . 3 . TVNS = Three tuns. 

TAVERN . IN . CAMBRIDG = In the field w^S i 

William Wells was appointed Alderman in 1662, and was mayor in that year. 
' A famous tavern on the Market Hill, near St Edward's churchyard. Part 
of it is still an ale-house with the same sign.' Cooper, Ann. iii. 476 f). 



13 

63, PHILIP , WILLIAMS = The Bakers' Arms ; no inner 
circle. 
OF . CAMBRIDGE = In the field p^m I 

Philip Williams was treasurer of the town in 1658 and mayor in 1669. 



(b) The County of Cambridge. 

Abington. 

The tokens attributed to this village by Prof. Babington, 
are given to Abingdon Berkshire by Boyne. 

Arrington. 
1. HENRY . ATKINS . AT , THE = A four-pointed direction- 
post or turnstile. 
AT . ARRINGTON . BRIDGE = In three lines HIS I HALF I 
PENY I . J 

Bourne. 
The halfpenny token of William Birridge mercer 1664 of 
Bourne is given with others to Bourn Lincolnshire, by Boyne. 

I . Brinkley. 

1. JOHN . GROWSE = The Tallow-chandlers' Arms. 

IN BRINKLEY = In field i.^ j 

BURWELL. 

1. OLIVER . HARLIE = The Haberdashers' Arms. 

IN . BURWELL = In field o JVI I 

Caxton. 

1. HVGH . CONNY . OF . CAXTON & ELSWORTH = Three conies 
or rabbits. 

HIS . HALFE . PENY = In the field ^666 h 

2. ROBERT MILLARD BAKER = A pie CrUSt. 

OF . CAXSON . 1668 = In. three lines his | halfe | 

PENNY. . I 



14 
Chatteris. 

1. THOMAS . COAPE . AT . THE = A gate. 

AT . CHATTRIS . FERREY = In four lines HIS | HALF | 
PENT I 1670. J 

2. THOMAS BRING OF CHATERIS = In field HIS HALF PENT. 
IN . THE . ISLE . OF . ELY . 1667 = In field T^i i 

3. WILLIAM . SMITH . OF = A cooper making a cask. 
CHATRis . 1670 =In three lines his | halfe ] penny. | 

Chesterton. 
1. WILLIAM . limber = A hart trippant. 
IN . CHESTERTON. = In the field Vi^D 

COTTENHAM. 
1, PHILIP CHAMBERS = In three lines HIS | half | peny. 
in COTTENHAM 1668 = A wild man with club over his 

shoulder. J 

DODDINGTON. 

1. ROBERT ADAMS 1668 = In field HIS HALFPENY. 

OF DOODiNGTON = In field R . A. (See March). | 

2. lOHN . lOHNSON = A windmill. j 
OF . DODDINGTON . 1669 = In three lines his | half | 

PENY. I 

There are many places called Doddington. (Boyne.) 

Elsworth, SEE Caxton. 

Eltisley. 

1. ISAAC . DES = A shield of arms. 

0F.ELTESLEY.16... = In field j»g (Rev. W. G. Searle) J 

Ely. 

1. HENRY . AUSTIN . IN = A shuttle. 

ELY . WEAVER . 1667 = In field H . A I 

2. THOMAS . CHADRTON . AT = A SWan. 

THE . WHITE . SWAN . IN . ELY = In field t^A i 

3. LUKE . CROCKSON . = A broche of 7 candles, 

IN . ELEY = In the field l^s i 



15 

4. CORNELIVS . FVLLER = The Haberdashers' Arms. 

IN . ELY . 1654 = In the field c . F | 

4 a. There is another of the same person and date, with 
the name spelled coenllvs, and the arms incorrectly engraved, 
so as to appear to be Seme of" roundlets, per bend dexter a lion 
passant gardant. 

5. lOHN . KNOWLS . AT . THE = A ship. 

IN . ELY . 1667 . = In the field i^a i 

6. THOMAS LENSLEY = A pie CrUSt ? 

IN . ELEY. 1664= In field t^a i 

7. WILLIAM . LETTEN = A crowned rose. 

AT . ROSE . & . CROWN IN ELY = In field ^\ ^ 

8. NICHOLAS . MALLABER = A WOolpack. 

AT . ELLY . 1658 = In the field N . m I 

9. WILLIAM . MARSH = A pair of scales. 

GROCER . OF . ELY = In the field w . M I 

10. THOMAS . PORTER = The Grocers' Arms. 

IN . ELY . 1663 =: In the field t . p I 

11. lOHN . READE . IN . ELY = The Fishmongers' Arms. 
GROCER . 1656 = In the field I. r J 

These arms are a form of those of the Fishmongers' Company ; they are, Three 
fishes in pale, in chief three of stockfish saltires. 

12. RALPH . SKITTAR = The Grocers' Arms. 

IN . ELY . 1659 = In the field r.^m i 

13. WILLIAM . TANNER = An irregular star of six rays. 

IN . ELY . BREWER = In the field ^\ I 

14. WILLIAM . TVCKINTON = A broche of 8 candles. 

IN . ELY . CHANDLER = In the field w . T I 

15. WILL . TVRKiNTON . = A broche of 8 candles. 

OF . ELY . 1661 = In the field w . T I 

16. WILLIAM . WAGSTAFE = The Fishmongers' Arms. 
MERCER . OF . ELIE = In the field lozengy of Vs, form- 
ing a cypher consisting of 2 W; no inner circle. ^ 



16 

17. WILLIAM . WAGSTAFE = Arms of the Wagstaff family 

in a heart-shaped shield ; two bends raguly, 
in chief an escallop shell. 
MEECEE . OF . ELY = Devicc as last ^ 

18. JOHN WEATHEEHEAD = The Bakers' Arms. 

IN . ELY . BAKEE . 1666 = In field i\ I 

FORDHAM. 

1. JOHN . BADCOCK = The Grocers' Arms. 

IN . FOEDHAM . 1667 = In the field i . B 

By Boyne attributed to Fordham, Norfolk. 

Gamlingay. 

1. STEPHEN . APTHOEPE = The Grocers' Arms. 

OF . GAMLINGHAY = In tWO lines ?659 4 

2. STEPHEN . APTHOEPE = Grocers' Arms. 

OF . GAMLINGAMS : = In two lines leei i 

3. lOSEPH . HAEVIE . IN . 1667. = The G-rocers' Arms. 
GAMLINGAY . HIS . HALF . PENY = In the field i jji | 

Haddenham. 

1. > JOHN . MOEFIELD . OF == A man walking. 

HADDENHAM . CAEEIEE = In the field I , M ^ 

By Boyne attributed to Haddenham, Bucks. 

HiNXTON. 

1. lOHN . NOETH . 1667 = The Grocers' Arms and I . n 
IN . HiNKSTON = In three lines his | half | peny, | 

HiSTON. 

1. CHEISTOP : chalice = A fleece suspended ; below 1670. 
OP . HISTON = In the field c . c (Rev. W. G. Searle) | 



17 

HOCKINGTON. 

1. OCKINGTON. 1657 = In the field i^m 

HIS I HALFE I PENNY=In tliree lines across the field. J 

This is an early date for a half-penny. Boyne. 

ICKLETON. 
1. GEOEGE . FORDHAM. = The field blank. 

ICKLTON . CAMBRIDGSH = In the field G . F \ 

ISELHAM. 
1. ROBERT . MOODEY . = The Mercers' Arms. 

IN . ISELEHAM . 1664 = In the field r^g i 

Linton. 

1. lOHN . BiTTiN . OF =: A griffin rampant. 

LINTON . 1657 = A griffin rampant. \ 

2. ROBERT . HALLS . 1667 = A pair of scales. 

IN . LINTON . CAMBRIDGSH = In three lines HIS [ 

HALFE I PENY. \ 

3. lOHN ..HARVY . OF = A broche of 6 candles. 

LINTON . CHANDLER = In the field i^s I 

4. ROBERT MOORE = The Grocers' Arms. 

OF . LYNTON . 1667 = In the field R . M \ 

LiTTLEPORT. 

1. Y^ OVERSEERS . OF . Y^ POOR = In the field 1668. 

LITTLE . PORT . ILE . OF ELY = In the field a key. \ 

March. 

1. ROBERT . ADAMS . OF . MARCH = In field R . A 

AND . DODINGTON 1670 = A broche of candles. \ 

2. THOMAS . HARRYSON . IN = In the field T^M 

MARCH , HABERDASHER. = In the field 1657 ^ 



18 

3. THOMAS . HAEEISON = In three lines His j HALF 1 PENY. 

OP . MAIECH . 1669 = In field t\ | 

4. lOHN. INGROM . OF . MARCH = In the field 1666 ' 1| 
IN . THE . ISLE . OF . ELY = In the field I.I i 

5. ROBERT . NEALE . IN = The Grocers' Arms. 

MARCH . GROCER . 1656 = In the field E . N | 

6. THOMAS . TOWERS = A tower. 
IN . MARCH . 1669 = In three lines his | half j peny. | 



Newmarket. 



I 



The tokens bearing the name of this town are placed b; 
Boyne among the Sufiblk tokens ; however, as one of the two )j 
parishes of Newmarket is in this county and the portion oft; 
Sufiblk in which the other parish stands is surrounded by jj 
Cambridgeshire, they are all placed here. 

1. WILLIAM . BRIAN T . IN = In three lines his | half 
peny. 
NEWMARKET . 1669 = In the field ^^m 



2. WILLIAM BRYANT = The Grocers' Arms. 

5 

,M 



OF NEWMARKET 1659 = In the field ^^ 

The Bryant family are still found at Newmarket (Boyne). 

3. HENRY . FRANCIS . AT . THE 2 . KINGS = A still between 

two kings, crowned, standing, holding sceptres. 
AND STILL IN NEW MARKET 67 = In three lines; 

HIS I HALFE I PENY. Below hTe ^j 

Placed by Boyne at Clare Market, London. 

4. AT THE 3 TUNS == Three tuns. 
IN NEWMARKET = In the field I . H II 

5. JOHN HENDERSON AT THE = A ship. 

SHIPP IN NEWMARKET = In three lines His | half | 

PENY. ^ 



19 



6. ROBERT MYNN AT Y^ GOLDEN = An anchor and R . M. 
ANCHOR IN NEWMARKET = In three lines his I 

HALFE I PENNY. J 

7. WALTER . POULTER . AT . THE = Qaeen's head. 

IN . NEW MARKET . IN SUFFOLK = In four HneS HIS \ 
HALFE I PENNY ] 1669. | 

8. THOMAS PRATT = A ship. 

IN NEWMARKETT = In field tTb i 

9. WILL. WAITE . IN . = A stick of candles. 1657. 

NEW . MARKETT = In field W . W | 

As Clare Market, London, is called New Market on the tokens, it is 
doubtful whether all the above belong to this town. 

KOYSTON. 

Although a small part of this parish lies in Cambridgeshire, 
yet the town itself lies in Hertfordshire. 

SOHAM. 

1. ROB . CROW . OF . SOHAM . BAKER. = In three lines A I 

HALFE I PENY. 

IN . CAMBRIDGSHEAR . 1671 = The Bakers' Arms. ^ 

2. Same inscription = A lion rampant e, . p 

Same reverse. ^ 

3. THOMAS . TROWELL = A broche of candles. 
IN . SOHAM . 1664 = In field t jml i 

SOHAM AND HORNSWELL. 
1. MARY . KENT . OF . SOHAM = In the field M . K 

lOHN . KENT . OF . HORNSWELL = In the field \q^ | 

SWAFFHAM. 

1. ROBERT . DENTON . OF = A broche of 5 candles. 

SWAFHAM . 1660^ In the field ^\ I 

It is not improbable that this token, although found near Cambridge, may have 
been issued at Swaffham Norfolk, to which town it is ascribed by Boyne. 

2—2 



20 



SWAFFHAM BULBECK. 

1. WILLIAM . COE . OF = A WOolpack. 

SWAFFHAM . BULBECK = In field W . C 



SWAVESEY. 

1. WILLIAM . BVRTEN = In the field W^S 

AT . SWASEY . 1656 = In the field w^s i 

Thorney. 

1. EDWARD . TAYLOR = The Bakers' Arms. 

IN . thorney . ABBY = In the field e . t I 

Whittlesey. 

1. THOMAS . DAVIE . 1668 = The Grocers' Arms. 
OF . WITTLESEY = In three lines HIS | HALF | PENNI 
Below T^B 1 

2. THOMAS . DAVIE . OF = In the field W . D 
WITTLESEY . 1668 = In the field w.D I 

3. . JOHN . EADES = The Bakers' Arms. 

OF . WHITTLESEY . 1657 = In field I . E I 

4. ROBERT . IVES . 1667 = A woolcomb. 

OF . WHITTLESEY = In the field E^i i 

5. ROBERT . IVES = A woolcomb incorrectly drawn. 

OF . WHITTLESEY = In the field E^i I 

6. GEORGE . LAMBE = The Grocers' Arms. 

OF . WHITELLSEY = In field G . L i 

7. WILLIAM . SEARLE . = The Grocers' Arms. 

OF . WHITTLESEY = In the field w . s i 

WiLBRAHAM (LlTTLE). 

1. JOHN . TVRNER . IN = In field 1666. 

LITTLE . WILBRAM = In field I'J's ^ 



21 

WiSBEACH. 

1. lOHN . BELLAMY . 1667 = The Grocers' Arms. 

OF . wiSBiCH . GROCER = In three lines his | halfe | 
PENNY; below j-^i | 

2. lOHN . BELLAMY = The Grocers' Arms. 

IN . WISBICH . 1665. = In the field ifi I 

3. lOHN . BELLAMY = The Grocers' Arms. 

IN . WISBICH . 1667 = In the field i^i I 

'He was Town Bailiff in 1682: the family still remains at Wisbeach.'— 
Boyne. 

4. HENRY . COLDWELL . 1668 = The Haberdashers' Arms, 
i^. WISBIDG . HABERDASHER = In three lines his | half | 

PENY. i 

William Coldwell was Vicar of Wisbeach 1651 — 1702. 

5. lOHN . FINCH = The Grocers' Arms. 

OF . WISBECH . 1666 = In the field i . f | 

6. RICHARD . HARRISON = The Haberdashers' Arms. 

OF . WISBICH . 1664 = In field r . h ^ 

7. JOHN MO YES 1664 = The Grocers' Arms. 

IN WISBECH = In field i^E i 

jf 8. ANTHONY . RACHELL = A COg wheel. 

IN . wiSBECHE . 1 667 = In the field a% I 

9. HENRY . tVnard . OF = The Bakers' Arms. 
WISBITCH . 1657 = In field h^i | 

10. Also of 1662, reading tinard. J 

11. Also of 1663. I 



22 



ii. The Private Tokens of the xviii^^ and 
ninth Centuries. 



{a) The Town of Cambeidge. 

1. Ohv. CHRIST . COLLEGE , GATE. CHAMB. = The college gate- 

way ; below JAcobs. 
Eev. BRITISH PENNY. In exergue, 1797.== A large globe, on 

which the word BRITAIN is visible, between a small 

thistle and a small rose. 
Edge, i promise to pay on demand the bearer one 

PENNY. Id. 

2. Ohv. EMANUEL . COLLEGE . CHAPEL. In exergUC, CAMB. = 

The fagade of the college chapel ; below JAcobs. 
Edge] ^' ^^^^^^- ^^l 

3. Ohv. KINGS . COLLEGE . CHAPEL. In exergue, CAMBRIDGE.^ 

=The west end of the chapel ; below JAcobs. 
„ , * >• As before. Id. 

4. Ohv. TRINITY . COLLEGE . GATE. In exergue, CAMB. A.D. 

1546 = The college gateway; below JAoobs. 

„, ' j- As before. ° Id. 

Edge] 

5. Ohv. BISHOPS HOSTELL, CAMB. A.D. 1670,= The front view 

of Bishop's Hostel, Trinity College. 

„-, * l As before. Id. 

Edge.) 

6. Ohv. QUEENS COLL. GATE CAMB. = The college gateway ; 

below JAcobs. 

Eev. MIDDLESEX PENNY.=A portcuUis and scales, between 

sprigs of oak and laurel. 
Edge. As before. Id. 



23 

7. Ohv. TEINITY COLL. LIBRARY CAMB. = View of the coUege 

libraiy; below JAcobs. 

„ , ' ^ As the last. \d. 

8. Olv. TO . THE . HEADS AND STUDENTS OF . THE . UNI- 

VERSITY . OF . CAMBRIDGE. Ill exergue, king's COLL. 

CHAPEL ; below, JAcobs. = South view of the chapel. 

Rev. this . MEDAL . IS . HUMBLY . INSCRIBED . BY . THEIR . 
OBEDIENT . HUMBLE . SER"^ . D. HOOD. = The fellows' 

building of King's college. In a circle above and 
below it : west . front . of . the . new , building . 
KINGS COLL. In exergue, JAcobs and 1796. 

Diam. 1^ in. 

David Hood lived in Market street ; he was an ingenious man, and invented 
a hydraulic machine to drain the fens. He sold looking-glasses and likewise silvered 
them : he was also a house-decorator. He had a dispute with Harraden the 
engraver (Camb. Chron. 20, 27 Jan. 1798, 29 June, 6 July, 1799), and afterwards 
went to London, where he died. 

9. As before, in silver. 

10. Ohv. In five lines : DAviD HOOD | print seller [ carver 

gilder & I picture frame maker I CAMBRIDGE. 

Rev. PEACE .PLENTY & LIBERTY. = A wheatsheaf. Engraved 
by Milton. 

Edge. Engrailed or smooth "id. 

11. Struck with the same dies as no. 10, only smaller and 

thinner. 
Edge. Smooth. |- 

12. Also with edge inscribed skidmore . holboen . LONDON. ^ 

13. Ohv. As before. 

Rev. LIBERTY, PEACE, C0MMERCE.= An anchor and cable and 
cap of Liberty radiated. (Mule) |- 

14. Ohv. As before. 

Rev. HALFPENNY . 1791 = Arms between laurel branches. 

(Mule) i 



24 

15. Ohv. As before. . . 

Rev. PEACE AND PLENTY, HALFPENNY = A wlieatslieaf and 
sickle between doves. (Mule) | 

16. Ohv. On raised edge: james burghley^ token Cambridge 

1799; round the field : hobsoi^s conduit built 1614: = 
Hobson's conduit: below, hancock. 

Rev. On raised edge: hobson . Cambridge . carrier . 1596 . = 
In sunk field a man on horseback to the right; in ex.: 
DIED 1630 I AGED 86. At the sidc : hancock. f. 

Edge, value one penny payable at Cambridge. Id. 

John Burleigh, alderman of Cambridge, F.S.A., was a friend of the rev. William 
Cole the antiquary ; he lived in Barnwell at the house of Mr Bailey the brewer, and 
was buried in the Abbey church. He died 22 Apr. 1828, aged 75. His wife died 
23 Apr. 1824, and was buried at St Clement's. His daughter married the rev. 
John James, prebendary of Peterborough. 

17. As before, but edge plain. \d. 



{h) The County of Cambridge. 

1. Ohv. current in the counties of = Bearded head of a 
druid, to the left: below 1795. 

Rev. industry has its sure reward = A bee-hive, surround- 
ed hj a swarm of bees, standing on a four-legged 
stool ; on the ground grass growing. Engraved by 
Wjon. 

Edge. Cambridge Bedford and Huntingdon. J 

2- «*"-l As before. 

Rev.) 

Edge. Tngrailed, no inscription. | 

3. As before, only smaller. 

Edge. Ingrailed, no inscription. | 

4. Ohv. As no. 1. 

Rev. ANGLESEY MINES HALFPENNY 1791.= The letters P MC^ 

intertwined. 
Edge. PAYABLE in LONDON. (Mulc) ^ 



25 

5. Ohv, JOHN OF GAUNT DUKE OF LANCASTER. = A CrOWned 

head in profile, below a small star. 

Rev. LANCASTER HALFPENNY. = Arms. 

Edge. As no. 1. (Mule) l 

6. Ohv. A druid's head in profile, encircled with a wreath 

of oak. 
Rev. NORTH WALES HALFPENNY.=A cypher ENG; above it 

1793. 
Edge. As no. 1. (Mule) J 

7. Ohv. LET GLASGOW FLO UEISH.= Arms of Glasgow. 

Rev. NUNQUAM ARESCERE. = The river-god lying down and 
leaning on an urn inscribed Clyde. In exergue 
MDCCXCL 

Edge. As no. 1. (Mule) | 

Chatteris. 

1 . Ohv. CHATTERIS . FARTHING . 1 8 1 3 = A sugar-loaf, inscribed ^^ , 

c 

between two tea-chests, on which hyson and SOU- 
CHONG. 
Rev. w. CURTIS, wholesale & RETAIL. = In five lines : 

GROCER & I TEA DEALER | LINNEN & | WOOLLEN [ 
DRAPER. ^ 

2. Ohv. CHATTERIS FARTHiNG.= In two lines: W. CVRTIS | 1813. 
Rev. In five lines : FOR public | ONE | farthing | 181S | 

ACCOMMODATION. ^ 

3. Ohv. As no. 1. 
Rev. Smooth, 

Edge. Ingrailed. i 

Chesterton. 

1. Ohv. CHESTERTON NEAR CAMB.= The church and two houses ; 

below JACobs. 
Rev. BRITISH PENNY . 1797.= A large globe between a rose and 

thistle. 
Edge. I promise to pay on demand THE BEARER ONE 

PENNY. \d. 



26 

March. 

1. ohv. to facilitate trade. issued nov^. 1, 1811, = 

In field MARCH SILVER TOKEN ONE SHILLING. 
Bev. PAYABLE BY MESS^^. S. RATCLIFFE, E. ELAM, AND J. 
THURBON. = A fleece suspended. Ish. 

Messrs. Eatcliffe, Elam, and Thurbon joined in the expense of this token, and 
£50 worth was ordered, and put in circulation. After the tokens had been current 
a short time it was discovered that there were more in circulation than the pro- 
prietors had issued. They were in consequence withdrawn from circulation, and 
the silver sold in London. — Boyne, Silver Tokens, p. 52. 

2. Obv. MARCH . ISLE OP ELY = In two lines : JOHN smith] 

1820. 
Bev. WHOLESALE & RETAIL TEA DEALER = In four Hnes : 

linen I & WOOLLEN | DRAPER j GROCER &. | 

3. Also of the year 1825. i 

4. Ohv. In five lines : JOHN | thurbon | grocer | & brewer | 

MARCH. 

Bev. ONE FARTHING.=A barrel lying on the ground, below 
1827. i 

Newmarket. 

1. Ohv. PENNY TOKEN. In ex : newmarket, below mdccxcix.= 

Two jockeys on horses galloping to the right: behind, 
a booth with a flag. 

Bev. In nine lines | craven meeting | s^. h. v. tempests | 

horse HAMBLETONIAN I run M^ COOKSONS I DIAMOND 
OVER THE BEA- j -CON COURSE IN 8 MINUTES | BEING 
4 . M.{iles) 1 FUR. 118 YD^ I & WON BY HALF A | 

NECK. MAR. 26 I . Engraved by Wyon. Id 

2. Ohv. NEWMARKET TOKEN. 1793. =A stag lying under a tree. 

Bev. A SNAIL MAY PUT HIS HORNS OUT.=A Snail, tree, and 
bridge at a distance. Engraved by James. | 



III. 



THE MEDALS OE THE UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGES 
AND THE TOWN. 



i. Installation Medals. 
Struck in gold, silver, bronze^ and white metal. 

1. Olv. JOANN : JEFFREYS MAECH : CAMDEN : NOBILIS '. ACAD : 

CANTAB : CANCELL : The robed bust to the left ; 
below 1835. 
Rev. In exergue, in four lines, deum timeto : eegem hono- 

EATO : I VIETUTEM COLITO : | DISCIPLINJS BONIS | OPE- 
EAM DATO. The interior of the senate house; above, 
Victory flying, with wreath and palm. 1| inch diam. 
Edge. Smooth. 

2. Olv. PEINCEPS ILLUSTEISS : HUGO PEECY NOETHUMB : DUX 

ACAD : CANTAB : CANCELL. 1842. The robed bust to 
the right. 

Rev. The south view of the senate house. An academic pro- 
cession going to the east door. In exergue, senate 
HOUSE, the arms of the university and (round the edge) 
ALMA MATER CANTABEIGIA ; above in a segment the 
arms of the chancellor with supporters and crest, the 
motto ESPEEANCE EN DIEU being written round the 
edge. If inch diam. 

Edge. As no. 1. 



28 

3. Ohv. PEINCEPS CELSISSIMUS ALBERTUS ACAD : CANTAB 

CANCELL. 1847. The robed bust to the left. 
Rev. 1 



Edge.) 



As no. 1. 



4. Ohv. PEINCEPS ILLUSTRIS: GULIELMUS CAVENDISH DEVO- 

Ni^ DUX: ACAD: CANTAB: CANCELL: The robed i 
bust to the left ; below 1862. 
Rev. ] 



Edge.) 



As no. 1. 



ii. University Prize Medals. 

The Chancellor's Classical Medal. 
(First given 1752.) 

5. Ohv. GEORGIUS . II . PIUS . FELIX . PATER . PATRI^. The 
king's bust armed, his head laureated, to the left. On 
the arm e. teo. f. 

Rev. STUDIIS HUMANiTATis. In exergue, in three lines, , 

LIBERALITAS . T . HOLLES . DUC . | NOVOCASTR . ACAD. | 

CANCELL. On a platform raised on four steps is seated 
a figure of holding a caduceus. By her side s 

is standing a figure of holding a cornucopige 

in her left hand, and with her right presenting a 
medal to a student in academic dress. Behind him 
two other students. In the background the senate i 
house. In the foreground a river-god seated reclining ; 
on his urn, which is inscribed camus. On the lowest : 
step of the platform yeo f. By the side of the stand- '■ 
ing figure of are the arms of the duke, -. 

crowned and surrounded with the garter inscribed i 

HONI SOIT QUI. 

Edge. The student's name is cut out in raised letters. 

Value 15 guineas. Gold. Diameter 2 in 



29 



6. Ohs. GEORGIUS III. PIVS FELIX PATER PATRIAE, The 

king's head laureated to the right, bust robed. 
Rev. No inscription. A female figure holding a lyre in her 
left hand, placing with her right hand a wreath on the 
head of a student in academic costume. Above a 
flying winged genius points to the wreath with his 
left hand, and holds with his right a trumpet, to which 
is attached a scroll inscribed detur dignissimo. In 
exergue, ausp : AUG : | hen : dug : de | grafton 

ACAD : CANTAB | CANCELL : | On the ground I.KIKK.F. 

Edge. Plain, the name of the medallist being engraved on it. 

Gold. Diameter 2^^ in. 

7. Ohv. VICTORIA D. G. BRITANNIARUM REGINA. Head of the 

queen. Beneath w. wton, e.a. 

Rev. A student reading. In the background a statue of 
Minerva and a lamp. The exergue is left blank for 
the name of the medallist. 

Edge. Plain. Gold, Diameter 2| in. 

The Browne Medal. (First given 1775.) 

8. Ohv. ESSE ET VIDERI. Head of sir William Browne; 

beneath it, in two half circles : D. gulielmus browne . 

EQUES, NAT . 3 . NON . JAN . A. S, MDCXCII, 

Rev. SUNT SUA PR^MIA LAUDI. Apollo seated places a wreath 
on the head of a student, who is kneeling and holds 
a scroll in his hand. In the exergue, electus COLL, 
MED. LOND. PRASES A. S. MDCCLXV. Engraved by 
Pingo. Gold. Value 5 guineas, 

9. The same, engraved by W. Wyon, R,A. 

The Powis Medal. (First given 1867.) 

10. Ohv. pro CARMINE HEROICO. Head of Virgil ; below it 

VIRGILIUS. Beneath the bust l. o. wton fec. 



. 30 

Eev. AUSPICIIS EDWAEDI JACOBI COMITIS DE POWIS ACADEMIC 
SUMMI SENESCHALLI. The arms of the university 
surrounded by an ivy wreath, and enclosed jby a 
beaded circle. Gold. 

The Norrisian Medal. (First given 1781.) 

11. Ohv. THE WISDOM OF GOD UNTO SALVATION. The 

Cross and the New Testament. 
Rev. DEATH IS SWALLOWED UP IN VICTOEY. The' resur- 
rection. 

Edge. THE nokeisian peize 

.,.^ Gold. Value £7. 45. 



iii. College Prize Medals. 
Christ's College. 

12. Olv. GEOEGIUS hi. PIUS FORTIS DEFENSOE FIDEL The 

king's bust to the left. Below i. phillp . fecit. 
Rev. OB ETHICEN CHEISTIANAM LUCULENTEE ET suaviter 
explicatam. The whole front of Christ's college seen- 
from Petty Cury with portions of St Andrew's street 
and the church-yard of St Andrew's church. In ex. 
in five lines coll. cheisti pietatis [ eego d. 

alumnus OLIM I BEILBY POETEUS, | EPISC. LOND. | 

1808. 
Edge. The name of the medallist and date. 

Gold. Diameter l^in. Weight 2 oz. 2 dwt. Value £15. 

13. Ohv. As no. 12. 

Rev. On raised band: OB insigne in s.s. publice legendis 
ELOQUIUM The gate- way of Christ's college. In ex.: 
as on no. 12. 

Edge. As no. 12. 

Gold. Diameter I35L in. Weight loz.9| dwt. Value £10. 



31 

Trinity College. 

14. Ohv. In five lines, within a laurel wreath : ALUMNIS | 

COLL. S.S. TRIN. | D.D. \ FRANCISCUS j WEANGHAM, A.M. 

jRev. AIBN APISTETEIN, Pythagoras half draped seated, at 
his feet a roll on which is the diagram of Euclid 
Book i. prop, xlvii ; by his side a Muse, standing lean- 
ing on a lyre which rests on a tripod. In exergue 
1842. Along the edge : w. wton, e.a. 
The prizeman's name is cut in on the edge. 

Gold. Diameter 1^^ in. 



iv. Medals of the University Cluhs. 

University Boat Club. 

15. Olv. univeesitas cantabeigiensis. On a sunk field the 

arms of the university in a decorated shield. Below : 

PETERS CAMBBIDGE. 

Rev. Within a wreath in three lines: head | of the | 
EIVEE. Below : peters Cambridge. Diameter 2 in. 

16. Ohv. As before. 

Bev. Within a wreath in two lines : trial [ eights. Below : 
peters CAMBRIDGE. Dlamctcr 2 in. 

17. Ohv. As before. 

Rev. Within a wreath in four lines : ISIDE | teiumphata [ 

EEMIGIBUS SUIS \ GEANTA MEMOE. Below : peters 

CAMBRIDGE. Dlamctcr 2 in. 

18. Ohv. As before. 

Rev. Within a wreath, in five lines: iside et thamesi | 

TEIUMPHATIS ANGLIA IN CEETAMEN I PEOVOCATA— 
GEANTA VICTRIX. Below : peters Cambridge. 

Diameter 2 in. 



32 
University Rifle Corps. 

19. Ohv. As before. 

Bev. Within a wreath the letters C. U. R. intertwined between 
the words winning and company. Diameter 2 in. 

Engraved Oct. Term 1868. 

University Athletic Club. 

20. Ohv. As before. 

Eev. Within a wreath in two lines : VICTOR | ludorum. 

Diameter 2 in. 

21. Olv. As before. 

Bev. university athletic club second prize. Within 
a wreath a winged foot. Below petees cambbidge. 

Diameter 2 in. 

22. Ohv. As before. 

Bev. university athletic club second prize. Within 
a wreath a hand holding a piece of a broken column. 

Diameter 2 in. 

23. Ohv. UNIVERSITAS CANTABRIGIENSIS. The arms of the 

university. Below : munsey cambkidge. 

Bev. UNIVERSITY ATHLETIC CLUB SECOND PRIZE. Within 

a wreath in two lines : freshmen's | sports 1| in. 

Engraved Oct. Term 1868. 

24. Ohv. As no. 15. 

Bev. Within a wreath the letters C. U. A. C. intertwined ; below 
in six lines : winner | of the | grand [ challenge 

CUP I for the I 100 YARDS RACE. Below : petees 
CAMBRIDGE. Diamctcr 2 in. 

25. Ohv. As before. 

Bev. As before only : winner | of the | grand | challenge 
CUP I FOR THE I TWO MILES RACE. Diameter 2 in. 



S3 

University Swimming Club. 

26. Obv. As no. 15. 

Bev. Within a wreath the letters C. U. S. C. intertwined; 
beneath in two lines : meeses prof undo | pulchrior 
EVENIT. Below : peters CAMBRIDGE. Dlaineter 2 in. 



V. Medals of the College Clubs. 

Clare College. 

27. Ohv. On a raised rim: coll. de glare lvd. ath. In 

a plain shield the arms of the college. Below : peters 

CAMBRIDGE. 

Rev. Within a wreath in five lines : ATHLETIS | CLARENSIBUS 
pro M. pass. CURR. I E PREMIIS ( PRIMUM. 

Diameter IJ in. 
Jesus College. 

28. Ohv. V0UIJ3IR POUVOIR. In a sunk field two shields 

of the college and of the founder of the medal, and 
crests. Below : peters Cambridge. 
Rev. Within a wi-eatli in five lines: the | larking | challenge 
I sculls I 1864. Below : peters Cambridge. 

Diameter 2 in. 
Ohv. LOYAL Au MORT. The two shields of the college 
1 and the donor and crests. Below : peters Cambridge. 

Rev. Within a wreath in five lines : the langton | victor 

LUDORUM I MEDAL | JESUS COLLEGE. Below : peters 

CAMBRIDGE. Diamctcr 2 in. 

Pembroke College. 

30. Ohv. On a raised rim : Pembroke college boat club, 

^ 1866. Arms of the college. Below : peters Cambridge. 

Rev. Within a wreath of bulrushes in two lines : first boat. 

Below : peters Cambridge. Diameter 1 in. 

3 



29. 



34 



St John's College. 

31. Ohv. LADY MAEGAEET BOAT CLUB. In a sunk 'field 

the arms of the college; beneath : si je puis. Below: 

PETERS CAMBRIDGE. 

Rev. Within a wreath in four lines : weight | and j peaeson 
SCULLS. Below : peters Cambridge. Diameter 2 in. 

32. Ohv. As before. 

Rev, As before, only in two lines : bateman | paie OAES. 

Diameter 2 in. 

33. Ohv. As before. 

Rev. As before, only in five lines : andeews | and | maples | 
feeshmen's I SCULLS. Diameter 2 in. 

34. Ohv. A raised rim with no inscription. In the field the 

arms of St John's college with crest and supporters. 
Below on a band : pe^emia peimus accipiet. 

Rev. Within a wreath in four lines : champion | EACKET 
medal I ST John's college [ cambeidge. Above a 
coronet and a rose, below a portcullis. Below : peters 
CAMBRIDGE. Dlametcr 2 in. 



vi. Private Medals. 



35. Ohv. As no. 15. 

Rev. Within a wreath in three lines : ceebee | uteaque manu. 

Diameter 2 in. 

Bought by the winner in the boxing matches at Jackson's gymnasium. 

36. Ohv. On raised rim : CAMBRIDGE univeesity billiaed; 

medal 1859. The arms of the university. 

Rev. Within a wreath two cues in saltire and three billiard 
balls. On a label : dum SPIEO SPEEO. Diameter 3 in. s 

Bought by the winner. 



35 

vii. Miscellaneous Medals. 
(a) BoYAL Visits. 

87. Olv. QUEEN VICTORIA. PRINCE ALBERT. The heads of 
the queen and prince to the left. 

Rev. In eight lines: TO | COMMEMORATE \ the VISIT OF | 
QUEEN VICTORIA | AND | PRINCE ALBEET | TO CAM- 

BEIDC4E I JULY 1847. Above, a crown whence issue 
rays, below a garland of roses, shamrock, and thistles. 

Pewter. Diameter ^in. 

38. Obv. ALEXANDRA PRINCESS OF WALES. Head of the 

princess to the right. Below, MDCCCLXiii. Under 
the bust in small letters : pinches london. 

Rev. Within a wreath of flowers in four lines : VISITED | CAM- 
BRIDGE I JUNE 2"?? I 1864. 

Bronze. Diameter l^in. 



(6) Personal Medals. 

39. Obv. CONYERS . MiDDLETON . s . T . P. Head of Conyers 

Middleton, librarian of the university 1721—50, to the 
right, bust robed. Below : gio . pozzo . f . boma . 1724. 

Rev. ACADEMIC . CANTABRIGIENSIS . PROTO . BIBLIOTHECARIUS. 
A book-case partly hidden by a curtain. Before it, a 
table, on which are books. At the side, on a pedestal, 
a bust of Minerva, with helmet and armour. 

Gold, Bronze. Diameter 3^ in. 

40. Obv. In five lines : Charles philip ] viscount royston | 

ATTAINED HIS MAJORITY | 23 . APRIL 1857 | 

Rev. In eight lines : in all | time of his | tribulation in | 

ALL TIME OF HIS WEALTH | IN THE HOUR OF DEATH | 
■ AND IN THE DAY OF | JUDGMENT ] GOOD LORD DELIVER 

HIM. j Pewter. Diameter 1\ in. 



S6 
(c) Cambridgeshire Horticultural Society. 

Established lo March 1824. (Cooper, Ann. iv. 544.) 

41. Obv. No inscription. Pomona seated to the right, holding a 

pine-apple in her left, and a hoe in the right. Behind 
her a vine. In tlie background a greenhouse. On 
the ground, T . W . INGRAM . F. , 

Bev. Within a wreath in a circle: CAMBEIDGESHIEE HORTl-^ 
CULTURAL society; and within this in 3 lines: 

ESTABLISHED | MARCH IOTH ] 1824 

Mge. Name of the prizetaker. Silver. Diameter 2 in. 

ii\ 

(d) School Medals. 

42. Ohv. CAMBRIDGE | NEW ] SCHOOL | 1808. 

Rev. REWARD j OF ] MERIT. Pewter. Diameter 1^ in. 

4.3. Ohv. FROM I SUNDAY | SCHOOL j CAMBRIDGE. 

Rev. REWARD ( OF I MERIT. Pewter. Diameter 1^^ in. 



APPENDIX. 
Checks oe the Cg-operative Society oe Sawston. 

rounded 1867. 

1. sawston co-opeeative society. In field, in two hues: 

ONE I POUND. Copper. 

2. Obv. As before. In field, in two lines : half | SOV?.. 

Brass. 

Rev. Blank. Edge engrailed. 

3. SAWSTON CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY. In field 5/ " 

4. As before, only 2/ • • 

5. As before, only 1/ •• 

As before, only 6^ 

As before, only 3? 

As before, only 1? 

As before, only |? 

Of these all but n° 2 are bracteates, and all but u"^ i and 2 in tin. The. 
diameter varies between /^ ^^^ A i"- 



37 

ADDENDA* 

IL 

THE PRIYATE COINAGES. 



i. The Private Tokens of the xvii^^ Century. 



[a) The Town of Cambeidge. 

1. Jamea Alders was appointed common councilman in 1662, Cooper, Ann. 
iii. 463. 

2. Richard Allen was appointed common councilman in 1662. 

4.* WILL . BASSETT . MERCER. = In three lines : his | 

HALFE j PENNY. 

IN CAMBRIDGE . 1669 = In the field ^^^ \ 

15. The initials do not correspond with the name of the issuer. 

27. Thomas- Fox was appointed common councilman in 1662. 

40. Samuel Long was appointed councilman in 1688. 

41. John Lowry was displaced from being alderman in 1662. 

42. Christopher Mayes was displaced from being coimcilman in 1662. 
55. Of the Russells of Chippenham, Cambridgeshire. 
63. Philip Williams had been a follower of the prophet Ludowick Muggle- 

ton, but conformed to the established church. 

(6) The County of Cambridge, 
doddington. 

I. Robert Adams was a quaker. On the 25th of the nth month in 1660, he 
was one of twenty-seven persons committed to Cambridge Castle, for being present 
I at a Friends' meeting. 

These are chiefly from articles in The East Anglian, Vol. III. pp. 1 1— 13> 39—41- 



38 

Ely. 

2.* WILLIAM CHEVILL = The Merchant Taylors' Arms' 

IN ELEY . 1667 = In field ^^^ ^ 

4.* JOHN GATER OF = The Fishmongers' Arms. 

ELY . NEE . WITCHFORD = In field j^^ ^ 

II. The Reades of Ely were also q^uakers. In i66o four of theReades were 
committed to Ely gaol for refusing to take the oath of allegiance, and, when brought 
before the magistrates, said, * We could not for conscience's sake, being the Lord's 
free men.' George Read was again committed in 1663 for refusing the oath, and 
remained prisoner some months. Richard Reade, in 1663, suffered a distress of a 
large brass kettle, said to be worth £1. 6s. 8d., for refusing to bear arms in the 
county militia. 

ICKLETON. 
1.* GEORGE FORDHAM = In field a wheatsheaf. 

lETLETON IN ESSEX (sic) = In the field G . F. :J 

ISLEHAM. 

2. WILLIAM . READE . IN = The Grocers' Arms. 

lESLEHAM . 1666 = In the field ^^ I 

SOHAM. 

4. HOVELL . lOANES . = The Grocers' Arms. 

OF SOHAM . 1654 = In the field ^^ ^ ^ 

5. As no. 4, only 1658. i 

6. NATHANIELL . STBARNE . = The Grocers' Arms. 

OF SOHAM . 1667 = In the field j^^^^ i ; 

XJPWELL. 
1. SAMUEL . VINCENT = In a shield the Mercers' arms. 

IN VPWELL . 1664 = In the field s . v. (James Carter 
esq.). 



' 89 

"West "Wratting. 

1. EDWARD CRANDFIELD = The Grocers' Arms. 

WESTE . RATINGE = In the field jjC-p 1 



WiSBEACH. 

4.* Also without the date. 

II. 

THE PRIVATE COINAGES. 

ii. The Private Tokens of the xviii^A and xix^^ 
Centuries. 



(a) The Town of Cambridge. 

i6. Thomas Hobson the celebrated earner. Cooper, 4 ww. iii. 230 — 237. 

III. 

MEDALS. 

i. Installation Medals. 

1.* A variety of n° 1, there being some hair on the brow, 
I which in n° 1 is wanting. 

3.* Ohv. Albertus princeps. His head to the left. 

i 

\Bev. In seven lines : celsissimum | principem albertum | 

CANCELLARIUM SUUM | FAUSTO FELICIQUE OMINE | IN- 
ATJGURATUM LiETA CONSPICIT | ACADEMIA CANTABRIGIEN- 
SIS j JULII VI MDCCCXLVII. 

(Messrs Hunt and Roskill and Mr T. Reed.) 
Gold, Silver, and Bronze. Diameter 2 in. 



40 



iv. Medals of the University Clubs. 

St John's College. 

34 * Ohv. As n° 34. 

Rev. ST John's college athletic club, first peize. Within 

a wreath, Mercury, flying. 

Diameter 2 in. 

Engraved May Term, 187 1. 

34**. Ohv. As n° 34. 

Bev. ST John's college athletic club, second prize. 
Within a wreath, a man throwing a weight. 

Diameter 2 in. 

Engraved May Term, 1S70. 

vii. Miscellaneous Medals. 

(a) Royal visits. 

37.* Ohv. her most gracious majesty queen victoria 
& H. R. H. PRINCE ALBERT. Their heads to the left. 
Below : peters and son. 

Rev. Within a laurel wreath, below the royal crown, in 11 

lines : IN COMMEMORATION I OF HER | MAJESTY'S VISIT | 
TO CAMBRIDGE j AT THE INSTALLATION | OF HIS | ROYAL 
HIGHNESS I PRINCE ALBERT | AS CHANCELLOR OF | THE 
UNIVERSITY I JULY 1847. The rose, shamrock and 
thistle are tied in with the branches forming the wreath 
by the ribbon connecting them. Below: davis bikm. 

Silver and White Metal. Diameter 2 in. 



cambeidgb: printed by c. j. clay, m.a. at the university press. 




PUBLICATIONS 

OP THE 

CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 



REPORTS. 
Ten numbers. 1841 — 1850. 8vo. 

REPORTS AND COMMUNICATIONS. 

Reports XL — XIX.; Communications, Octavo Series, Nos. I. — IX. 
Nine numbers. 1851 — 1859. 8vo. 

*** Communications, Octavo Series, Nos. I.— IX., with a title-page 
contents and index, form Vol. I. of the Society's Antiquarian Com- 
munications. 1859. 8vo. lis. 

Reports XX.— XXIV.; Communications, Nos. X.— XIV. Five num- 
bers. 1«S0— 18o4. 8vo. 

*** Comnnmications, Nos. X.— XIV., with a title-page, contents and 
index, form Vol. II. of the Society's Antiquarian Communications. 
1864. 8vo. IQs. 

Report XXV. ; Communications, No. XV. (marked XIV.). 1865. 8vo. 
'2s. 

Report XXVI.; Communications, No. XVI. (marked XV.). 1866. 8vo. 
2s. 

In the Press. 
Proceedings of the Society and Communications, 1867—1871. 8vo. 

QUARTO PUBLICATIONS. 

I. A Catalogue of the original library of St Catharine's Hall, 1475. Ed. 

by Professor Cokrie, B.D. 1840. Is. Qd. 
11. Abbreviata Cronica, 1377—1469. Ed. by J. J.Smith, M.A. 1840. 

With a facsimile. Is. 6d. 
p. An account of the Consecration of Abp. Parker. Ed. by J. Goodwin 

B.D. 1841. fVith a facsimile. 3s. 6d. 
V. An application of heraldry to the illustration of University and 

Collegiate Antiquities, By H. A. Woodham, A.B. Part L 1841. 

TVith illustrations. 

V. An application of heraldry, &c. By H. A. Woodham, M.A. Part 

II. 1842. With illustrations. 

*** Nos. IV. and V. together, 5s. 6d. 
^l. A Catalogue of the MSS. and scarce books in the library of St 

John's College. By M. Cowie, M.A. Part I. 1842. 

II. A description of the Sextry Barn at Ely, lately demolished. By 

Professor Willis, M.A. 1843. With 4 plates. 3s. 

III. A Catalogue of the MSS. and scarce books in the library of St 
John's College. By M. Cowie, M.A. Part II. 1843. 

*** Nos. VI. and VIIL together, 9*. 
X. Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages. By Professor 

Willis, M.A. 1844. With 3 ;;>^aies. 
i. Roman and Roman- British Remains at and near Shefford. By Sir 
Henry Dryden, Bart., M.A. And a Cafcilogue of Coins froiii the 
same place. By C. W. King, M.A. 1845. With 4 plates. 6s. 6d. 
Specimens of College plate. By J. J. Smith, M.A. 1845. JVith 
13 plates. 15s, 



I. 



II. 



III. 



IV. 



V. 



VI. 



E( 



Publications of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society— contmued. 

XII Roman-British Remains. On the materials of two sepulch 

vessels found at Warden. By Professor Henslow, M.A. 18 
With 2 plates. 4s. 
- * Nos. I.— XII., with a title-page, form Vol. I. of the Society's Qua 
* Publications. 

XIII Evangelia Augustini Gregoriana. A description of MSS, 286 

197 in the Parker Library. By J. Goodwin, B.D. 1847. W^ 
. 11 plates. 20s. 

XIV Miscellaneous Communications, Part I. : I. On palimpsest sepulcl 

brasses By A. W. Fkanks. With 1 plate. II. Ou two Bn 
shields found in the Isle of Ely. By C. W. Goodwin MA 
4 plates. III. A Catalogue of the books bequeathed to C. 
College by Tho. Markaunt in 1439. Ed. by J. O. Halliwe 
IV. The genealogical history of the Freville Family. By A. 
Feanks. With 3 plates. 1848. 16s. 
XV An historical inquiry touching St. Catharine of Alexandria : 
which is added a Semi-Saxon legend. By C Hardwick, ^ 
1849. With 2 plates. I2s. 
* * Nos. XIII.— XV., with a title-page, form Vol. II. of the Sociei 

* ' Quarto Publications. 

OCTAVO PUBLICATIONS. 

The Anglo-Saxon legends of St Andrew and St Veronica. 

C. W. Goodwin, M.A. 1851. 2*. 6d. 
Frat^ment of a Graeco-Egyptian work upon magic. Ed. by C.J 

Goodwin, M.A. 1852. With a facsimile. 3s. m. 
Ancient Cambridgeshire. By C. C. Babington, M.A. 1853. 

4 plates and a map. 3s. Qd. 
A History of Waterbeaeh. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 1859. 

3 plates. 5s. 
The Diary of Edward Rud; to which are added several lettei 

Dr. Bentley. Ed. by H. R. Lfard, M.A I860. 2s. 6d. 
A History of Landbeach. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 1861. 71 
1 plate. 4s. 6d. 
VIL A History of Horningsey. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 1865. 2s. 
*„* Noa. IV., VI. and VIL, with a title-page, form a volume entia 
■' «' Three Cambridgeshire Parishes: or a History," &c. 1865. 12i« 
VIII The Correspondence of Richard Porson, M.A., formerly Re 
Professor of Greek. Ed. by H. R. Luard, M.A. 1867. 4s ' 
IX. The History of Queens' College. Part I. 1446—1560. By 

Searle, ma. 1867. 8s. 
X Historical and Architectural Notes on Great St Mary's Church. 
S. Sandars, M.A. Together with the Annals of the Church. 
Canon Venaeles, M.A. 1869. With 1 plate. 3s. 
XL A History of Milton. By the late W. K. Clay, B.D. 1869. 33 

* * Nos. IV., VI., VIL, and XL, with a title-page, form a volume entij 
* " Histories of the Four Adjoining Parishes," &c. 1861—1869. lo# 
XII The Coins, Tokens and Medals of the Town, County and Unive 

of Cambridge. By W. G. Searle, M.A. 1871. 2s. 

In the Press. 
The History of Queens' College. Part II. By W. G. Searle, M. 
October, 1871. 



CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 



I 



i 



'Cambridge Antiquarian Society. Octavo Publications. 
No. XIII. 



THE HISTORY 



OP THE 



QUEENS' COLLEGE 



OF 



MARGARET AND ST BERNARD 



IN THE 



UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. 

PART II 
1560 — 1662. 



BY 



WILLIAM GEOEGE SEAELE, M.A. 

VICAB OP HOCKINGTON, CAMBEIDGESHIKE, AND LAXE 
FELLOW OF QUEENS' COLLEGE. 




(Eamliritige: 

PRINTED FOR THE CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY 

AND SOLD BY DEIGHTON, BELL AND CO., AND 

MACMILLAN AND CO. 

1871. 

Price Eight Shillings. 



CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 

May, 1871. 



^resitrent. 

C. C. Babington, M.A., Professor of Botany. 
Kev. ThOmAs Brocklebank, M.A., King's College. 

^cmtarg. 

Henry Bradshaw, M.A., University Librarian. 

(JDounciI. 

Eev. W. W. Skeat, M.A., Christ's College. 

Rev. T. G. BoNBTEY, B.D., St John's College. 

Rev, H. J. HoTHAM, M.A,, Trinity College. 

Rev. H. R, LuARD, M.A., University Registrary, 

F. A. Paley, M.A. 

Rev, R. E. Kerrich, M.A., Christ's College. 

E. C, Wage, M,A., St John's College. 

W. M. Fawcett, M.A,, Jesus College. 

Rev. S. Banks, M.A. 

Rev. J. E. B, Mayor, M.A., St John's College. 

Rev. W. G. Searle, M.A., Queens' College. 

Rev. J. R. LuMBY, M.A., Magdalene College. 



THE HISTORY 



OF THE 



QUEENS' COLLEGE 

OF 

ST MARGARET AND ST BERNARD 



IN THE 

UNIVEESITY OF CAMBEIDGE. 

PART II. 

1560 — 1662. 



/ 



BY 

WILLIAM GEOEGE SEAKLE, M.A. 

VIOAB OF HOOKINGTON, CAMBRIDGESHIEE, AND LATE 
FELLOW OF queens' COLLEGE. 




OTambrttige: 

PRINTED FOR THE CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY, 

AND SOLD BY DEIGHTON, BELL AND CO., AND 
MACMILLAN AND CO. 

1871. 






€"ain6ritrgc : 



FEINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. 
AT THE UNIVERSITY PEESS. 



OCTAVO PUBLICATIONS, 
No. XIII. 



CONTENTS. 



'he Presidents 

PAOB 

xij. John Stokes 297 

xiij. William Chaderton 3O3 

xiv. Humphrey Tyndall 35q 

XV. John Davenant ^05 

xvj. John Mansel ^^g 

xvij. Edward Martin . ^g^ 

— Sede vacante goq 

xviij. Herbert Palmer 532 

xix. Thomas Horton kk't 

— Edward Martin (restored) 572 



297 




16 Aug. 1560-29 April 1568. 

2—10 Eliz. 

[OHN STOKES (or Stokysj, the successor of Dr Mey, 
appears as one of the bible-clerks of Queens' college 
from 1538 to 1544, when he was elected fellow, being 
then 'non sacerdos.' He was B,A. 1540-1, M.A. 1544, 
and became ' socius sacerdos' about Christmas of the same year. 
In 1547-48 he was junior bursar, and in 1548-49 senior bursar: 
he proceeded B.D. in 1549. 

He conformed to the changes in matters of religion made 
under Edward YI., Mary and Elizabeth, and retained his fel- 
lowship during those reigns. In 1556 he was chaplain of the 
university, and was appointed vice-president of the college. 

In 1558, soon after queen Elizabeth's accession, sir W. Cecil 
drew up a list of the names of persons fit to be preferred, bear- 
ing the title: 'Spiritual Men without Promotion at the present;' 
it includes the names of Barlow, Scory, Coverdale, Cox, Parker, 
Guest, and also those of Dr Mey and 'Stokes, Col. Regin.' 
(Strype, Ann. Vol. i. ch. 12.). On 15 Jan. 1559-GO he was pre- 
sented by queen Elizabeth to the archdeaconry of York, which 
he kept till his death. 

John Stokes was elected president of Queens' college on 
16 Aug. 1560, being then senior fellow. The date 17 Aug. is 
given in Dr Walker's MS. (written 1565), but in the bursars' 
accounts we find the previous day mentioned: — 

III Journale. 1559-60. fo. 271. [Aug.] Item insumebatur in vino 
et zitlio dixplici post electioneni presidis 16 August! ij^ 

On 17 Jan. 1563-4 he (with other heads of houses) signed a 
letter to sir William Cecil the chancellor, praying him to pro- 

20 



298 

cure an alteration in the mode of electing the vice-chancellor, 
so that the heads of colleges should nominate ' two ancient and 
fit men/ of whom the regents should choose one, the previous 
mode having been by free election of the whole university. 
(Cooper, Ann. ii. 179.) 

On 24 May 1564 he was admitted to the prebend of Beck- 
ingham in the church of Southwell. In that year he com- 
menced D.D. and was appointed to take a part in the divinity 
act kept before the queen, when she visited the university 
in August 1564. In 1565-66 he was vice-chancellor of the 
university. 

In 1567 he was, with the vice-chancellor, Dr Whitgift, and 
others, appointed to examine the controversy between William 
Hughes, the lady Margaret's preacher, (formerly student of 
Queens' college, and afterwards fellow of Christ's college) and 
the inhabitants of Leicester, who complained to the university 
of the doctrines which he had preached there. Nothing being 
done by the university commissioners, sir William Cecil the 
chancellor and archbishop Parker decided the matter by forbid- 
ding any discussion of the controverted points. (Cooper, Ann. 
ii. 281, 232; Ath. ii. 28^.) Dr W. Hughes became bishop of 
St Asaph in 1573 and died in 1600. 

Dr Stokes died 29 April 1568, and was buried in the college 
chapel. His monument, a stone with his effigy habited as a 
doctor, an inscription beneath his feet, and a marginal inscrip- 
tion, all on brass plates, was formerly at the east end of the chapel; 
since the alterations in 1777 it has lain in the ante-chapel. The 
lower half of the figure was torn away in Cole's time; it is now 
quite g(me. The marginal inscription, now somewhat imperfect, 
was as follows : 

3Jo]^anne0 .^^toltcg gacrc t^^ologfc profc^sior itxim^ ©olkgit 
iW^agigta- obtit ^» lint iWU«bbtti ^piili^ xxix°. qni qua= 
tuor tiigctpulogi funDabtt in Joe coUcgio et singulis gfptimanig 6 te= 
naitos kgabit tx tcncmcntt^ et tcrrts in ^cfelcg, quas gub mortc 
coUcgio DeCit at) balorcm ixK xm\ tttj^ ct multa praclara bcncficia in 
coUcgitI cotuUt. 



299 

Beneath the matrix of the effigy are these verses : 

©onlitt'' 5oc trigti corpu<{ (benfrante) gcpulcjro 

Sautaquc jcjunts bcrmibug e^ca manct. 
^St animam ccelo ^u^ccpit @|)tigtug, tt illam 

iptliimus a Dextrin congtitui^gc ^attf. 
Mam tua faibarig fi'Dci argumcnta fucrut 

dFacta, tcHnc omni conccklitaniJa lite, 
jFunDc prcccji, aliog ut ©j^rtstu^ gcmpcr in abu 

iPtacIara fettus probocct acta gcqui. 
As he became B.A. in 1541, probably at the age of 18, he 
was probably about 45 years old at the time of his death. 

He held the parsonage of Mexborough Yorkshire. In the 
account of him given in Peck {Des. Cur. B. vii. n°. 15. § 18) he is 
conjectured to be the same as a Provincial of the friars hermits 
of the order of Saint Augustine, and D.D. before 1512 -. this is 
clearly quite wrong. 

By his will, dated 11 April and proved 5 May 1568, he de- 
vised to the college an estate at Oakley Bedfordshire, and be- 
queathed to it £90 in money. His executor was his brother- 
in-law Thomas Berrie of Radwell Bedfordshire, to whom the 
estate was first leased. (II Lease book, p. 80). 

His arms were : Arg. on a bend engrailed Sa. three dolphins 
embowed Or. 




N 9 Aug. 1561 the queen issued an injunction for- 
bidding heads and other members of colleges from 
having their wives and children living within the pre- 
cincts of the college : the fellows were forbidden to be married 
under pain of losing their fellowships by the statutes which 
she gave the university in 1570. 

In Aug. 1564 queen Elizabeth visited the university, ar- 
riving at Cambridge on Saturday the 5th and departing Thursday 
the 10th. The Cofferer, the Masters, and other officers of her 
household lodged in Queens' college during her stay. Full 
accounts of her visit are given in Nichols' Progresses of Queen 
Elizabeth, 1st edition, vol. i. [1788] and vol. iii [1805]. 

Leaving Haslingfield she entered the town by Queens' 
college, from whence she and her escort passed through a 

20—2 



300 

double row of members of the university, arranged according 
to their academic position, beginning with the scholars and 
ending with the doctors and the vice-chancellor at the west 
door of King's college chapel. Two of the sophisters present- 
ed addresses in prose and verse, as did also two bachelors and 
two masters of arts : one of the bachelors was Robert Some, 
fellow of Queens' college. On the following day Sunday 6 Aug. 
she attended divine service in King's college chapel, where a 
sermon was preached by Dr Andrew Perne master of Peter- 
house and formerly fellow of Queens' college. After commending 
Henry VI. for his foundation of King's college, he thus refers to 
the foundation of his old college, ' Quod seculum unquam futu- 
rum erit, in quo admirabilis beneficentia serenissimse Reginse 
Elizabethse clarissimse conjugis Edovardi quarti fundatricis col- 
legii Reginse non in magna laude et admiratione erit V On 
Monday 7 Aug. disputations were held in Great St Mary's 
chnrch both in philosophy and in medicine. In the former 
William Chaderton of Christ's college afterwards president of 
Queens' took part, in the latter Dr Lorkin formerly fellow of 
Queens' was respondent. On Wednesday 9 Aug. the queen 
visited most of the colleges and was received with addresses : 
as she was pressed for time she was only able to 'peruse' 
Queens' college, and the oration prepared by Robert Some was 
not delivered. The same day disputations in divinity were 
held in the university church. Dr Stokes was (with other four 
doctors) appointed to oppugn the second question, ' Civilis ma- 
gistratus habet authoritatem in rebus ecclesiasticis.' His argu- 
ments (together with all the orations delivered or prepared) are 
given in a latin account of the queen's visit by Nicholas Robinson, 
formerly fellow of Queens' college (1548-63), at this time resid- 
ing in college in fellows' commons and afterwards (1566-85) 
bishop of Bangor. It is printed in Nichols' Prog. 1st ed. vol. iii. 
pp. 27-134 

The chancellor, Sir William Cecil, announced the intended 
visit of the queen by a letter dated 12 July and received 
17 July. The college was at this time erecting a new building 
('novum asdificium'), and the accounts of the months from May 
to September record the wages of the workmen, but unfor- 



I 



301 

tunately give no particulars as to the sort of building or its 
position. It contained however rooms with windows and doors, 
above and below. 

The following extracts from the bursars' accounts refer to 
the queen's visit to Cambridge : 

IV Journale. 1563-64. fo. 42. [Jul] Item pro reparando fe- 
nestras vitreas in aula, conclavi et 4 cubiculis in exteriori 
curia, ubi officiarii domus reginise jacebant xvjl vj'*. 

Item pro amphora vini aromatici et pane dulciario, donario dno 
Gulilielmo Cecilio summo iiostro cancellario xj'. iiij^ 

Item pro donario simili dno Koberto [Rob. Dudley] summo 
senescallo universitatis xj'. iiij'^. 

Item pro donario simili dno Edoverdo Rogers inspector! Reginise 
majestati [comptroller of the household] xj'. iiij''. 

Item pro simili donario m™ Thomse Welden m™ cofferer Reginise 
majestati ix". iiij*. 

Item pro scirpis pro cubiculis m" inspectoris et aliorum officiari- 
orum domus Reginise qui in hoc collegio jacebant x^ 

1565-66. fo. 53. [Apr.] Item for glasynge S'' Fitzjefferyes wyn- 
dowes that were broken at y^ tyme when y" Queues ma"® was 
here in Cambridge xvj*. 

From a book presented to the queen on this occasion and 
printed in Nichols' Progr. vol. iii. pp. 135 — 174, it appears that 
there were in the whole university 1267 members of the differ- 
ent colleges, masters, fellows, and scholars, and others (choristers, 
servants, almsmen, etc.) on the foundation. At Queens' there 
were only 65, viz. the president, 15 fellows, 6 pensioners in fellows' 
commons (one a B.D., two M.A, the rest undergraduates), 23 
scholars and bible-clerks, 14 pensioners in scholars' commons, 
and 6 sizars. 



The following miscellaneous items from the bursars' ac- 
counts belong to the presidentship of Dr John Stokes : 

IV Journale. 1560-61. fo. 5. [Oct. Nov.] Item pro ex- 
pensis m" presidis et Henrici Cransho [bibliotiste] Londini 
factis circa terras apud Hoggenton emtas, ut patet per 
billam iij". xviij'. 



302 

I 

Item m'° Ployden reginese magestatis attorn: m" Gardiner senes- * 

callo nostro, m'" a libellis et m"'" Eudstone per presidem 

traditi pro industria circa terras apud Hoggenton emptas, 

ut patet per billam liiij^- vj**- 

fo. 5. b. [Dec] Item Reginese magestati pro fratribus pro arre- 

ragiis xiij^'. vj^ viij*^. 

fo. 6. [Jan.] Item pro ligno combusto tempore nativitatis 

Christi xx^ 

fo. 6. b. [Feb.] Item m™ collegii...ad solvendum reginese majes- 

tati pro fratribns pro arreragiis xiij". vj'. viij*. 

1562-63. fo. 23. b. [Nov.] Item pro quartavini prom™ Gulielmo 

Gibbes qtii attulit reditum pro S'. Nicolas Cowrte vj'^. 

1563-64. fo. 36. b. [Feb.] Item pro constituendo picturam m" 

Andrei Ducket in tumulo suo ij^ vj^ 

fo. 44. [Sept.] Item pro procurationibus et interdictione ecclesise 

Hogginton, ut patet per billam xij^ viij*. 

fo. 44. b. Item Jacobo Silcocke fabro lignario pro novo sedificio 

nostro xviij". iij'. iij^ 

1565-66. fo. 53. b. [May] Item payed to M' WMtgifte for 
makinge tbe sermon on Easter daye for tlie colledge at Saint I 
Dionesse in London vj^ viij^ \ 

1566-67. fo. 57. b. [Dec] Item for glasing in the cbauncell at ' 
Hogginton vij^ 




803 



fHl^ OTiIIiam Cfeatrertom 

7 May 1568— .June 1579. 
10—21 Eliz. 

T the time of the death of Dr Stokes 
the society of Queens' college did 
not contain any fellow of sufficient 
importance to claim the succes- 
sion, and court influence being 
brought to bear upon it, a member 
of another college was chosen pre- 
sident. William Chaderton was born 
about 1540 of a good family of that 
name at Nuthurst near Manches- 
ter. He was educated at the 
grammar-school of Manchester, 
and was sent to Magdalene college, Cambridge : from thence 
he removed to Pembroke college, where he matriculated as 
pensioner in Nov. 1555. He was B.A. 1557-8, and M.A, 1561, 
about which time he was elected fellow of Christ's college. 

A latin elegy by William Chaderton is prefixed to the trans- 
lation by Barnaby Googe (of Christ's college) of the first six 
books of the Zodiake of Life by Marcellus Palingenius, 1561. 
They are here given as the only known verses of Dr Chaderton. 

In Gogei ^ditionem, G. Chaterto- 
-ni carmen Elegiacum, ad Lectorem. 

Marmorese turres, prsecinctee mcBnibus urbes 

Tempore labenti preecipitata ruunt. 
Intereunt statuse, monumenta antiqtia virorum, 

Quicqtiid et Orbis habet, tempore cassa jacent. 
TJrbs Romana licet sublimibus alta columnis, 

Occidet horrendi conscia dedecoris. 




304 

Magnificam Poenis videas Carthaginis urbem : 

Nulla loci aut urbis pristina signa manent. 
Sempseterna manent, quse scripsit carmina Gogus, 

^tnseis minquam prseda voranda rogis, 
Non opus egregium Iloc hymnis celebrare decorum est 1 

Hoc erit in toto notius Orbe nihil, 
Te tamen inprimis nostra liaec mirabitur setas, 

Si moriere, tuum non morietur opus. 
Anglia Isetatur se tali prole parentem, 

Estque sibi solum te geniiisse satis. 
Hsec antiqua domus, tibi quondam sedula nutrix, 

Extulit ad verbum nominis ecce caput, 
Quos et Hebrsea minus vel quos nee Grseca juvabunt 

Cuique minus forsan turba Latina placet. 
Hue omnes populi, vos hue generosa juventus, 

Confluite hue pueri, decrepitique senes. 

In August 1564 Thomas Byng, M.A. fellow of Peterhouse, 
afterwards master of Clare hall, kept the philosophy act before 
queen Elizabeth, when she visited Cambridge, with great ap- 
plause, his questions being 'Monarchia est optimus status 
reipublicse' and Trequens legum mutatio est periculosa.' 
William Chaderton, Thomas Cartwright, Thomas Preston, and 
Bartholomew Clerke of King's college, were his opponents. 
Chaderton's speech is printed in Nichols' Prog. Eliz. 1st ed. 
vol. iii. [1805] 68. 

'This Dr William Chaterfon, now Bishop of Lincoln, and 
before of Chester, I may remember in Cambridge a learned and 
grave Doctor; though for his gravity he could lay it aside when 
it pleased him, even in the Pulpit. It will not be forgotten in 
Cambridge while he is remember'd, how preaching one 4ay in 
his younger yeeres, a wedding Sermon, (which indeed should be 

festivall,) Mr Chatterton is reported to have made this pretty 

comparison, and to have given this friendly caveat : That the 
choice of a wife is full of hazzard, not unlike as if one in a 
barrell full of Serpents should grope for one Fish; if (saith 
he) he 'scape harm of the snakes, and light on a fish, he may 
be thought fortunate, yet let him not boast, for perhaps it may 
be but an Eele, &c. Howbeit he married afterwards himself, 



805 

and I doubt not sped better than his comparison.' (Sir John 
Harington, Briefe View of the State of the Church of England, 
London, 1653, 8vo. p. 80.) ' Sir John Moore was wont to com- 
pare the choosing of a wife vnto a casuall taking out at all a 
verie ventures of Eles out of a bagge, wherein were twenty- 
Snakes for an Ele.' (Camden, Remaines of a greater works 
concerning Britaine, 4to. Lond. 1605, p. 228. Hunter, Life of 
More, by Cresacre More, Lond. 1828, p. 10.) 

He proceeded B.D. in- 1566, and early in the following year 
(1567) he was elected the lady Margaret's professor of divinity, 
in succession to Dr Whitsfift. 




N 7 May 1568 he was elected president of Queens' 
college through the influence of sir William Cecil, to 
whom he returned his thanks in a latin letter on the 
following day. (MS. Baker iv. 189.) He was admitted Saturday 
8 May 1568. {Computus Finalis 1532-1716, p. 48. IV Journale. 
fo. 64.) 

IV Journale. 1567-68. fo. 63. b. [Apr.] Item for the colledg 
diner at the admitting of our m' xiij^ iij^ 

His letter of thanks is here given from MS. Baker iv. 189. 
Honoratissimo Viro D. Gul. Cecilio Summo Acad. Cant. Cancel- 
lario etc. : 

Celebratur a multis, Honoratissime Cecili, ilia Hectoris Nseviani' 
oratio : ' Lsetus sum laudari me abs te, Pater, laudato viro.' Quo 
mibi quidem magis gratulor commendatione tua ad amplissimam 
dignitatem commendato. Quid enim prseclarius, quid bonorificeutius 
mibi accidere potuit, quam tuo judicio cseteris prselatum esse, quern 
omnes ingenio et sapientia reliquis anteponunt 1 Quamobrem cum 
literse tuse disertissime et prudentissime scriptse, tantam mibi digni- 
tatem decusque attulerint, sequitur illud, ut te existimare velim, mibi 
magnse curse fore, atque esse jam, prim.um ut dignum m.e biis bono- 
ribus prsestem, quos tua commendatione amplissimos sum consecutus ; 
deinde ut omnia quse ad tuam Amplitudinem et laudem augendam 
pertinebunt, quse ipsa per se clarissima est, summo studio mediter ac 
cogitem. Quorum alterum quidem facio necessario, ut propter earum 

^ The tragedy of Hector by Nsevius. 



306 

rerum, quas per te adeptus sum, splendorem et magnitudinem, 
summam in Iiiis honoribus tuendis diligentiam adhibeam, ut consul ere 
omnibus, mederi incommodis hominum, providere saluti communium 
litei'arum, et pietatis studium amplificare possini. Alterum facie 
libenter ut omnia in tuum honorem officia conferam, cum maxima in 
me beneficia sapientia tua contulerit. Itaque do me libenter meam 
partem, prsestantissime Cecili, ut te officiis colam, laudibus exomem, 
studio me, omnique prorsus cura atque industria bonum virum 
meritorumque memorem prsestem. Impera mibi quod vis, et utere 
me quantum vis. Ipse me conformo ad voluntatem tuam, studiumque 
meum ad bonorem et amplitudinem libentissime confero. Deus te 
Academise, Reique publicse quam diutissime incolumem tueatur. 
Cantabrigise e collegio Regineo, 8°. Idus Maii. 

Tui honoris et valetudinis studiosissimus 

GULIELMUS ChADERTONUS. 

The president succeeded Dr Stokes also in the archdeaconry 
of York on 31 May. 

On 13 May 1568 he joined the vice-chancellor and other 
heads of colleges in applying to the chancellor to obtain a dis- 
pensation for the king's professors from reading their lectures 
between Midsummer and Michaelmas. This dispensation was 
granted. (Strype, Whitgift, B. i. ch. 3. App. n°\ 5, 6.) 

In 1569 he was created D.D. 

He was chaplain to the famous Eobert Dudley earl of Lei- 
cester, and contemplating marriage soon after his election, he 
wrote to his patron giving him notice of his intention, and (as 
it would seem) asking his consent. The earl's reply, dated 
5 June 1569, is printed in Desid. Cur. B. iii. n". 3; and Peck 
(Pref. p. XV.) remarks, 'In which letter I must own the earl's 
gravity diverts me as much as perhaps the doctor's mirth may 
do others. He writes like a saint, and as for women (if we did 
not know his true character better) one would think he would 
hardly touch them.' Dr Chaderton married Katherine, daughter 
of John Revell of London, and by her had one daughter Joan 
his heir. Humphrey Toy the printer was his brother-in-law. 

By a letter from Dr John Mey and other heads of houses 
to sir William Cecil the chancellor of the university, dated Nov. 
1569, it appears that Dr Chaderton had read the lady Marga- 
ret's lecture for nearly three years, and was recommended by 



307 

the heads to succeed Dr Whitgift, then about to resign the re- 
gius professorship of divinity, ' as one most fit in their Judg- 
ments to succeed in his Place.' (Strype, Whitgift, B. i. ch. 3.) 
He was elected to this professorship in Nov. or early in Decem- 
ber 1569, and retained it till he became bishop of Chester. 

In Aug. 1569 he was sent by the university to Cecil to beg 
him to persuade the duke of Norfolk to persevere in his inten- 
tion of withdrawing his patronage from the corporation of the 
town of Cambridge on account of their contentions. The duke 
was high-steward of the town, (Cooper, Ann. ii. 242.) 

On 14 Dec. 1569 the earl of Leicester wrote to Dr Chader- 
ton thanking him for sending a horseman to serve the queen 
under the earl of Essex against the earls of Northumberland 
and Westmorland, who had taken up arms with the design of 
releasing the queen of Scots and restoring the old religion. 
(Peck, B. iii. n°. 4.) 

Dr Chaderton resigning the lady Margaret professorship, 
Thomas Cartwright was elected to succeed him, and lecturing 
on the first and second chapters of the Acts of the Apostles, 
he so strongly attacked the existing form of church-government, 
that Dr Chaderton wrote to Sir William Cecil on 11 June 
1570 representing to him the pernicious and intolerable cha- 
racter of his' successor's teaching, and urging him to take some 
steps in the matter. 

He was strongly opposed to the advanced puritans, for Ed- 
ward Dering, in his letter to sir William Cecil (18 Nov. 1570) 
about the new statutes of queen Elizabeth, (describing the 
heads of houses, who were opposed to Cartwright's teaching, as 
enemies of God's gospel, or faint professors, or secretly papists,) 
says of Dr Mey of St Catherine's hall and Dr Chaderton of 
Queens' college, that ' ther is smalle Constancie ether in ther 
Life or in ther Religion.' (Strype, Parker, App. n° 78.) He 
joined with other heads of houses in writing to sir W. Cecil 
recommending Dr Roger Kelk to succeed Dr Longworth as 
master of St John's college on 18 Nov, 1569 in preference to 
William Fulke the favourite of the puritanical party, while 
he also signed on 17 Feb. 1568-9 the order of the heads of 
colleges requiring Marmaduke Pyckering M.A., fellow of Corpus 
Christi collesre to withdraw certain statements against the 



308 

reformation and some of the reformers, which he had publicly 
made. (Cooper, Ann. ii. 239.) In Nov. 1570 he again read the 
lady Margaret lecture, probably during the suspension of 
Thomas Cartwright. 

Dr Chaderton is charged in the objections to the statutes of 
1570 (in the framing of which code he himself was concerned) 
with the use of harsh language in the schools : Mr Han- 
son of Trinity college objecting to the new statutes that in 
public disputations they put the 'replier' at a disadvantage as 
compared with the ' answerer/ ' Dr Chaderton by and by bur- 
dened him with speaking agaynst the newe statutes, and cried 
out, Statim mittam te ad caeceres, statim, jam, jam ! and 
so in a heate brake up the disputations, flatt contrarie to 
statutes, and to no small wonder of all the by standers.' (Lamb, 
Orig. Doc. 372.) 

In 1572 he was one of the heads of houses who joined the 
vice-chancellor in declaring William Chark fellow of Peterhouse 
to be expelled from the university, and in censuring John 
Browning fellow of Trinity college for preaching against the 
established order of the church of England. (Strype, Whitgift, 
B. i. ch. 7, 8, App. n° 11.) 

On 28 Sept. 1572 Dr Chaderton and other heads wrote to 
lord Burghley, for the love of the university to continue his 
favour to Dr Whitgift in the opposition which he met with 
from the fellows of Trinity college. (Strype, Whitgift, B. i. ch. 5.) 

On 19 Nov. 1572 Dr Chaderton made an unsuccessful ap- 
plication to lord Burghley for the deanery of Winchester. His 
letter is here transcribed from MS. Baker iv. 190. 
To the Right Hon. My L^ Burghley etc. 
Cum ab exemplo raajoruin meorum (Nobilissime Domine) mani- 
festo satis iutellexeram, quae tua sollicitudo foret, ad promovendum 
eos qui in ista Academia, ad propagandam Dei gloriam, sedifican- 
damque ecclesiam, nocturnes diurnosque labores atque vigilias exantla- 
verant : futurum esse tandem aliquando confisus sum, ut pro immensa . 
ilia pietatis gratia, qua Academise tuse akimnos semper amj)lexus es, 
me quoque, qui jam annos psene septem, Theologiam publice pro- 
fessus sum, ab ista servitute in libertatem vindicares ; ut una cum 
clarissimis illis et eruditissimis viris Beaumonto, Huttono, Whit- 
gifto, majoribus meis, quorum augendse illustrandseque dignitatis 
unicus author exstitisti, meritorum tuorum magnitudinem confiterer, -mi 



309 

ac pro te, piissimaque conjuge, liberis, omnique familia Deum Opti- 
mum Maximum (quod assidue facio,) precibus meis invocarem, ut 
unumquemque vestrum in sua vocatione et loco illustrare et conser- 
vare velit, ad uominis Sui gloriam, fidei propagationem et utilitatem 
totius regni ac reipublicse. Cum vero nonnuUi necessarii ac familiares 
mei me non ita pridem. bortarentur, mortuo jam Newtono Yintoniensis 
ecclesise decano, Amplitudinem ac dignitatem tuam obtestari, ut tua 
apud serenissimam Principem mediatione in ejus locum surrogarer, 
monentibus illis non recusabam obsequi; humillime petens omnique 
cum reverentia, ut si voluntas tua, vel facultas mea ferat, hoc ipsum 
facias : sin minus, ut me eadem qua prius benevolentia complectare, 
qui et paratus sum, istam legendi laboriosam proviociam svistinere, 
eousque quoad libertatis meas tempus tuo unius arbitrio appropinquare 
videatur, Christus te quavis hora liberet ab omni malo, et in multos 
annos academise, ecclesise reipublicseque nostrse conservet incolumem. 
Cantabrigise ex collegio Reginali, xiij Calend. Decembr. Anno Dni 
1572. 

Tuce Dignitati devinctissimus in Christo 

GULIELMUS ChADERTONUS. 

He was made prebendary of York (of the prebend of Fen- 
ton) 16 Feb. 1573-4, and resigned his archdeaconry in 1575. 

He is also said to have been prebendary of Beckingham in 
the collegiate church of Southwell (MS. Cole vii. 136), but this 
Mr Cooper considered a mistake (Ath. ii. 482). 

In 1574 Dr Chaderton preached a sermon at Paul's Cross, 
against a new sect resembling the Family of Love, lately sprung 
up in the neighbourhood of the university and different parts of 
the county of Cambridge, and took occasion to declare openly 
that 'a mighty deformity' had there manifested itself ; pretend- 
ing to shew his zeal to conformity, but in reality to ' expose the 
Bishop of Ely, who now lay under a Cloud at Court,' in conse- 
quence of his steady refusal to give up part of the revenues of 
the see to certain favorites of the queen. For Chaderton indeed 
had hoped, as was thought, that the bishop (Dr Rich. Cox) for 
his firm denial would be deprived and that he himself would 
succeed him. 'Which, if it were so, remains a Blot upon 
Ghatertons Memory. And yet so did the Archbishop [of Can- 
terbury] write to his Brother of Yorh, viz. 

" That he had searched out this Report so confidently told 



310 

in the Pulpit concerning the Sectaries in that Dioces; and 
had found these News to be enviously uttered: and that 
Chaterton talked his Pleasure of the Bishoprick of My, which he 
looked to enjoy, and had laid Wagers of the present Bishop's 
Deposition, as the Archbishop was informed ; and that he would 
give Somershani House [a seat of that Bishop's] to him who sued 
for it, [i. e. the Lord North, if I mistake not], which this Man, 
the present Bishop, would not do. And therefore it had brought 
him such displeasant Beport." 

' This Chaterton defamed also the Archbishop himself, whom, 
alluding to his Name, he called Chatterer in his foresaid Letter 
to the Archbishop of York: To whom he wrote, that he had 
been credibly informed by Letters, that he should report very 
ill Words of him, uttered to the same Chaterton, as he pre- 
tended, by Sands the Bp. of London. The Matter seems to be 
concerning the Plot before mentioned. But the Archbishop 
vindicated himself by saying, " That he cared not for it three 
Chips, for ought that could be proved ; in his Allegiance, doing 
it so secretly, faithfully, and prudently as he did : And would 
do the same again, if he knew no more than he did at that 
time."' This plot, which came to light in June through the 
primate's steward, proved after all to be a sham plot got up by 
one Undertree to discredit the puritan party. Parker was 
blamed by Cecil for lack of activity in investigating the matter. 
(Strype, Parker, B. iv. ch. 40, 38.) 

He was appointed canon of Westminster by patent of 5 Nov. 
1576, and was installed 17 Dec. 

On 13 June 1578 the earl of Leicester wrote to the vice- 
chancellor, requesting that Dr Goad might at the ensuing com- 
mencement supply the place of his chaplain Dr Chaderton. 

Peck (B. iii. n". 7) has printed a 'letter (dated 24 March 
1578-9) from a certain great man at court (probably Wm. Lord 
Burghley) to Dr Wm. Chaderton, shewing the queen's dislike of 
the clergies meddling with state affairs in their sermons ; touch- 
ing also the queen's readiness to hear what they had to say of 
that kind in private, and the perverse temper of some preachers : 
seemingly a rebuke for what he himself had preached there.' 

At Cambridge, Dr Chaderton ' was beloved among the 



I 



311 

schollers, and the rather for that he did not affect any soure 
and austere fashion, either in teaching or government, as some 
use to doe; but well tempered both with courage and courtesie' 
(Harington, as above). 

During his abode in Cambridge, he and Dr Andrews, after- 
wards bishop of Ely, and Mr Knewstubb...and others united in 
the observance of weekly meetings for conference upon Scrip- 
ture (Green, Whitney s Emblems, notes, p. 351). 




N or about 25 June 1579 Dr Chaderton resigned the 
presidentship of Queens' college, his successor being 
elected 3 July. In 1579 he became bishop of Chester 
by the influence of his great friend and patron the earl of 
Leicester, being confirmed on 7 Nov. and consecrated the next 
day in St Gregory's church near St Paul's London, by Edwin 
Sandys archbishop of York, John Aylmer bishop of London, 
and John Young bishop of Rochester. 

He resigned the regius professorship in 1580, his successor 
being W. Whitaker, afterwards master of St John's college. He 
was allowed to hold in commendam with his bishopric the warden- 
ship of Manchester, to which he was appointed in 1580, his 
dispensation bearing date 5 June 1580 ; and this preferment he 
retained till he was translated to Lincoln (MS. Lansd. 983, fo. 125 
[74]). He also held with his bishopric the rectory of Bangor. 

The doings of Dr Chaderton, while bishop of Chester and 
warden of Manchester, will be found in Peck's Des. Cur. Vol. i. 
B. iii. iv. and Dr Hibbert Ware's History of the College and 
Collegiate Church of Manchester (1830 ff.) vol. i. pp. 101—128. 

In 1580 he granted the patronage of the archdeaconry of 
Chester for the next turn to the earl of Leicester. 

In June 1580 bishop Chaderton was appointed one of the 
ecclesiastical commissioners in the north for discovering and 
convicting popish recusants. Among the others were Henry 
Hastings earl of Huntingdon and lord president of the north, 
the archbishop of York and the earl of Derby. 

In Peck's Desiderata Curiosa (Books iii. and iv.) we find 
a great number of letters written to him, partly in this 
capacity and partly as bishop, between the years 1580 and 1585. 



312 

He was very actively engaged against tlie Roman catholics, 
of wliom a great number resided in his diocese. Of the 8512 
recusants in England, 2442 lived in his diocese, and his. con- 
tinual exertions to reduce them to conformity brought him 
much odium. He was also strict in enforcing the use of the 
clerical apparel, and suspended and deprived some of his 
clergy for their disregard of the rubric. 

On account of his being occupied on this work, the queen 
on 13 Jan. 1580-1 gave him leave to be absent from parlia- 
ment, requiring him to send his proxy in sufficient time (Peck 
B. iii. n°. 27). 

In 1581 the bishop took up his abode at Manchester, a step 
of which the earl of Huntingdon approved, suggesting to him the 
propriety of establishing a daily morning lecture there, prayers 
and lecture to occupy but one hour (Peck, B. iii. n°. 41). 
He lived there with the view of executing the business of 
his commission for discovering recusants with better effect, to 
which he was often urged by the privy council ; and while in 
this office, the children of many families of the diocese were 
committed to his charge for the more effectually stemming the 
progress of the Boman catholic religion. ' He was a learned 
man, liberal and given to hospitality, and a more frequent- 
preacher, than other bishops of his time. He resided in Man- 
chester, till the too frequent jarrings between his servants and 
the inhabitants of the town occasioned him to remove his 
habitation to Chester.' (MS. Lansd. 983. fo. 125 [74].) 

About the year 1571 prophesyings or exercises, meetings 
for expounding the Holy Scriptures and prayer, were much used 
throughout most of the dioceses. At first they were unauthorized, 
but the inconveniences arising from them called for the interfer- 
ence of the bishops. Begulations were made for their use by 
different bishops ; those given by bishop Chaderton are printed in 
Strype, Ann. ii. App. n°l 38, 39. As however they seemed to pass 
the bounds of that obedience to authority which queen Eliza- 
beth demanded, and to tend to the introduction of new rites 
and forms in the church, she commanded their suppression by 
a letter to the bishops, dated 7 May 1577. (Strype, Grindal, 
app. to B. ii. n°. 10.) Yet notwithstanding this, they were not 



m 



313 

everywhere laid aside, and in 1581 we find archbishop Sandys 
writing (on 2 May) to bishop Chaderton : 

* My lord, yow are noted to yelde to muche to general 
fastings, all the daie preachinge and prayinge. Verilie a good 
exercise in time and upon just occasion, when yt cometh from 
good auctoritye. But, (when there is none occasion, nether the 
thing commanded by the prince or a synod) the wisest and best 
learned cannot like of yt, nether will her majestie permitt it. 
There lurketh matter under that pretended pietie. The devill is 
craftie; and the younge ministers of these oure times growe madd.' 
(Peck, B. iii. n°. 29). Peck (B. iv. n°. 41) has printed a letter 
from the council to the bishop, dated 2 Apr. 1584, from which it 
appears that at that time exercises were still kept up by the 
clergy of Cheshire and Lancashire in a few places and only 
thrice in the whole year ; under the peculiar circumstances of 
that part of England, the council recommended him ' to have 
the said exercises of religion hereafter more frequently used and 
in more places of the diocese.' 

On 13 Feb. 1583 the archbishop of York addressed a letter 
to bishop Chaderton and the other bishops of his diocese, urging 
them to diligence against the papists, whose priests were very 
active in the North, especially in Cheshire and Lancashire. 
(Strype, Ann. iii. B. i. ch. 15, app. n°. 29.) 

On 23 Jan. 1585-6 queen Elizabeth required the bishop of 
Chester to furnish three horsemen, as his quota towards 1000 
lances, which she intended to send to the assistance of the 
government of the United Netherlands against the king of 
Spain. The men and their accoutrements he was to provide, 
and to pay £25 a man to buy the horses on the continent 
(Peck, B. iv. n°. 57). 

In Whitney's Emblems 1586, reprinted by Henry Green M.A. 
in 1866 (London, 4to.), we find one (p. 120) dedicated to this 
bishop. 

In 1589 the bishop gave to the college library a very fine 
copy of Montanus' Polyglott Bible (8 vols. fo. Antw. 1569-72). 

To the year 1591 belongs the following : 

' Articles to be observed through the Diocese of Chester given 
and set fourthe by William Bjsshope of Chester and others his 

21 



314 

associates her Majesties commissioners for causes ecclesiastical 
within the Province of Yorke the xij ^^ day of Januarie in 1590.' 
(MS. Cai. Coll. 197, p. 185). 

From the complaints made 14 Dec. 1595 by some of the 
fellows of St John's college against the president Mr Alvey, at 
the vacancy of the mastership in that year, it seems that Wil- 
liam Bourne M.A. who was chosen April 1595 from another 
college, 'went to my lorde of Lincolne, that was then byshoppe 
of Chester, to take orders, which he coulde not have, because 
he refused to subscribe. And he was likewise at my lord of 
Peterborough, and there repelled for the same cause, and at 
lengthe he went into Wales to the byshoppe of St Asaph.' 
(Heywood and Wright, Univ. Trans, ii. 78.) 

* The Funerall for Henry, late Earl of Derby, was solemnized 
at Ormschurch the fourth of December [1593], which was per- 
formed with great honour by Ferdinando his son then Earl of 
Derby, who also died the 16th of Aprill following. (King, 
Vale-Royal 206.) To this event refers the following : 

'Being made Bishop of Chester, he was a very great 
friend to the house of Darby. Preaching the funerall sermon 
of Henry Earl of Darby, for some passages whereof he was 
like to be called in question, though perhaps himselfe knew 
not so much; I was present when one told a great Lord 
that loved not Ferdinando the last Earle, how this Bishop 
having first magnified the dead Earle for his fidelity, justice, 
wisdome, and such vertues, as made him the best beloved 
man of his ranke (which praise was not altogether undeserved), 
he afterward used this Apostrophe to the Earle present; and 
you (saith he) noble Earle, that not onely inherit, but exceed 
your fathers vertues, learne to keepe the love of your Countrey, as 
your father did ; you give, saith he, in your Arms, Three Legs; 
know you what they signifie ? I tell j^ou, they signifie three 
shires, Cheshire, Darbishire and Lancashire; stand you fast 
on these three legs, and you shall need feare none of their 
armes. At which this Earle a little moved, said in some 
heat, not without an oath. This Priest, I believe, hopes one 
day to make him three Courtsies [i.e. three bondings of the 
knees on being appointed by the Queen to higher dignities]'. 
(Harington, as above.) g| 



315 

The only events mentioned in King's Vale-Royal connected 
with Dr Chaderton's residence at Chester are the followinof : 

'The earl of Leicester, chamberlain of the county palatine 
of Chester, visited Chester 3 June 1583 with the lords Derby, 
Essex and North, and were received in great state. They 
lodged at the bishop's palace. 

'1591. One Henry servant to William Bisbop of 

Chester, was found dead hanging on a tree beyond Blacon-head. 

'1592. William Geaton, servant to the Lord Bishop of Ches- 
ter, was arraigned at the Assizes, holden at the Castle the 27th 
of Aprill, for the murdering of Ja : Findlorve a seller of Scottish 
cloath, for which fact the said Geaton was condemned and 
hanged in chains upon Grapnell Heath, near the place where 
the deed was done.' (pp. 203, 205, 206.) 




N 5 April 1595 Dr Chaderton was elected bishop of 
Lincoln on the translation of Dr William Wickham to 
Winchester; he was confirmed 24 May and enthroned 
by proxy 6 June. He was enthroned in person 23 July 1596. 

On his translation be resigned the wardenship of Manches- 
ter, wherein he was succeeded by the celebrated Dr Dee. 
-Y Journale, 1594-95. fo. 47. [July] Item the charges of the 

College present to the BB. of Lincolne xlvj'. iij*. 

1595-96. fo. 51. b. [Jan.] Item given to him which broughte half 

a doe and a swanne from my lord bishop of Lincolne xij*. 

1596-97. fo. 57. b. [Jan.] Item given to him that brought a Doe 

and a Swann from my Lord Bushupp of Lyncolne v". 

1597-98. fo. 63. b. [Jan.] Item given to my lord of Lincolne's 
men for bringing a swan and redd deai-e ij°. vj"*. 

On 27 May 1595 Dr Whitgift wrote to Bishop Chaderton 
desiring him ' to admonish the Preachers within' his ' Diocese 
to exhort the Wealthier sort of their Parishioners to contribute 
more liberally towards the Relief of the Poor,' that time being 
a ' Time of Scarcity and Dearth of Corn and Victuals.' (Strype, 
Ann. iv. n°. 187.) 

On New-year's day 1588-9 be being bishop of Chester made 
the queen a present of £10 in gold and received in return 14f oz. 
of gilt plate; in 1599-1600 being then bishop of Lincoln he 

21—2 



316 

presented her £20 in gold and she gave him in return 30 oz. of 
gilt plate (Nichols's Progr. 2nd ed. vol. iii. 5, 17, 449, 461). 

On 14 Nov. 1601 he assisted the primate in the consecrjition 
of Dr Francis Godwin as bishop of Llandaff (Strype, Whitgift, 
B. iv. ch. 28). 

Bishop Chaderton preached before king James I. then on 
his progress from Scotland to London at Burghley on 
Easter-day 24 April 1603 (Nichols, Progr. vol. iii. [1805]). 

He was present in the convocation of 1603 (Strype, Annals, 
iv. n°. 295, p. 396). 

He silenced Arthur Hildersham 24 April 1605 'for refusal 
of subscription and conformity' (Clark's Zwe* [1677] 116, 117). 

The bishops of Lincoln had a place at Buckden Hunting- 
donshire, but Dr Chaderton had bought an estate at Southoe, 
about a mile from it, and lived on it, suffering the episcopal 
palace to go to ruin, being hindered residing there by certain 
leases granted by his predecessor. ' He lived in Holywell in 
his house called The Place, which descended by his daughter to 
Sam. Fortrey, Esq. He died there in Apr: 1608.' (MS. Lansd. 
983. fo. Ill [67]). This probably belonged to him while he 
was president, as we find : 

IV Journale. 1576-77. fo. 118. b. [Sept.] Item to one for 
cariage of a letter to our master to Holliwell aboute the 
colledge busines viij''. 

1578-79. fo. 132. [Sept.] Item to M' Some for sendinge thrise to 
Halliwell ..-. iij'. vj^ 

On 11 April 1608 bishop Chaderton died suddenly at 
SouthoOj and on the following day was buried in the chancel of 
the parish church. No monument was erected to his memory. 

Dr Chaderton has not left any works behind him other than 
official documents. His will was proved in the prerogative court. 

His portrait engraved by Woolnoth is in Hibbert Ware's 
Manchester. 

His arms were : Quarterly 1 and 4 (Chaderton) Gu. a cross 
potent crossed Or. 2 and 3 (Nuthurst) Arg. a cheveron gu. 
between three imt-hooks sa. Crest : A demi-griffin segreant gu. 
beaked, winged and membered or. 






317 

Sir John Harington speaking further of bishop Chaderton 
says, ' The Bishop was removed to Lincoln, where he now remains 
in very good state, having one onely daughter married to a 
Knight of good worship, though now they living asunder, he may 
be thought to have no great comfort of that matrimony, yet to 
her daughter he means to leave a great patrimony; so as one 
might not unfitly apply that Epigram written of Pope Paulus 
- and his daughter to this Bishop and his grandchild. 

Cum sit Jllia, Paule, cum tibi aurwm, 
Quantum Pontifices habere raros 
Vidit Poma prius, patrem non possum 
Sanctum, dicere te, sed possum beatuin. 

Which I thus translated, when I thought not thus to apply it : 

Thou hast a daugMer, Paulus, / a?n told, 

and for this daiighter thou hast store of gold. 

Tlie daughter thou didst get, the gold didst gather 
make thee no holy, but a happy father. 

But if the Bishop should fortune to hear that I apply this 
verse so saucily, and should be offended with it, I would be glad 
in full satisfaction of this wrong, to give him my sonne for his 
[grandjdaughter, which is manifest token that I am in perfect 
charity with him' (Harington, as above. Peck, vol. i. pref. p. vi.). 
His pedigree as given in the Cambridgeshire visitation of 
1619 is as follows : 

John Chalderton of Nuthurst, co. Lane. = 



Edmund Chalderton of Nuthurst = Margery, da. of ...Cliff. 

of Chesliire. 



George "William Chaderton =Katherine da. Elizabeth =Ilot)t. Parker 



Bishop of Chester 
and of Lincoln. 



of John Re- 
vell of Lond. 



of Brows- 
holme, esq. 



Sir "Richard Brooke, = Jane, da. and Roger Parker, D.D. 

of Norton, Cheshne sole heir. b.*l 55 8, precentor 

m n T ^ -rh'- — ? , , ■■ of Lincoln 1598, 

TorrellJosselyn = Elizabeth, da. and pean 1613. died 

ot Essex I sole heir. 1629. F.C. ofQu. 

Theodora, da. and sole heii'. Coll. 8 July 1582. 



318 

Elizabeth Josselyn or Joceline was 'a virtuous gentle- 
woman of rare accomplishments' and 'being big with child 
wrote a book of advice, since printed, and entitled " The 
Mother's Legacy to her unborn Infant;" of whom she died 
in travail.' (Fuller, Worthies, Cheshire.) This work, 'beau- 
tiful for its spirit of deep love and devotion,' which she left 
unfinished, was printed at Oxford in 1684, 'for the satis- 
faction of the person of quality herein concerned.' From the 
'Approbation' of Dr Tho. Goad it appears that she was 'from 
her tender years carefully nurtured, as in those accomplish- 
ments of knowledg in Languages, History, and some Arts, so 
principally in studies of Piety.' She was married about the 
year 1615, and 'Octob. 12. 1622. In Cambridgeshire she was 
made a Mother of a Daughter, whom shortly after, being Bap- 
tized and brought to her, she blessed, and gave God thanks 
that her self had lived to see it a Christian : and then instantly 
called for her winding sheet to be brought forth and laied upon 
her. So having patiently born for some nine dales a violent 
Fever, and giving a comfortable Testimony of her godly reso- 
lution, she ended her Praiers, Speech, and Life together, rend- 
ring her Soul into the hand of her Redeemer, and leaving 
behind her unto the World a sweet Perfume of good name, and 
to her onely Child (besides a competent Inheritance) this 
Manual, being a deputed Mother for Instruction, and for 
solace a twin-like Sister, issuing from the same Parent and 
seeing the Light about the same time.' 

Elizabeth Joceline was buried at Hockington Cambridge- 
shire 26 Oct. 1622, and her husband Torrel Joceline on 7 Nov. 
1656 at the same place. 

Theodora her daughter was probably the wife of Samuel For- 
trey of Hockington, as we find ' Trovers Fortrey daughter of 
SamuellFortrey esquire and of Theodory his wife baptized January 
y® 3** 1650' and 'Samuell Fortrey sonn of Samuell Fortrey esq^ 
and of Theodory his wife Baptized March y^ 2^ 1651.' James 
Fortrey, another son, was in the service of king James 11. and 
his consort Mary of Modena, and on the Revolution he retired 
into private life, residing for some time at Queens' college as a 
fellow-commoner. He died in 1719 (Lysons' Cambridgeshire, 236). 



31^ 

* The Mother's Legacy to her Unborn Child' was reprinted as 
an addition to the ' Sermons preached in the parish church of 
Old Swinford, Worcestershire,' by the rev. C. H. Crauford, rector. 
(Lond. 1840, 8vo.) 




N May 1569 Anthony Rodolph Chevallier (Cooper, Ath. i. 
306-8) was appointed hebrew lecturer in the university, 
and received from Queens' college a stipend of £1 a 
year, the first payment being thus entered ; 

IV Journale. 1568-69. fo. 71. b. [Aug.] To Mr Baxter the 
Bedle for Mr Schevelleiius v'. 

He left Cambridge in 1572, and died the same year. 
1571-72. fo. 87. [March] Item to Mr Sheveler V. 

In 15*70 Dr Whitgift master of Trinity college procured a 
new code of statutes for the government of the university to be 
given by Royal authority. They were generally unpopular, 
and, having been drawn up for the purpose of repressing the 
puritan party, were particularly obnoxious to them. On 6 May 
1572, 164 members of the senate including many of the lead- 
ing puritans, authorized the orator, the proctors, and two others 
to draw up letters to the lords of the council to obtain the 
reformation of certain parts of the statutes, which they did not 
like. Among the subscribers were the following seven fellows 
of Queens' college : Edm. Rockrey, William Sole, Tho. Sickle- 
more, Francis Linley, John Smith, Tho. Scott, and William 
Bradley. The bishops, to whom the matter had been referred, 
decided 31 May 1572 that the statutes should stand. 

On 13 May 1571 the college made a statute for the founda- 
tion of thirteen scholars, one of whom was to be librarian, and 
another scribe or registrary of the college, out of the revenues 
of the manor and rectory of Hockington with a stipend of lOd. 
a week each. 

In 1572^ the rectory of Little Eversden Cambridgeshire, 
was given to the college by Mr John Cheetham of Great Liver- 



320 

more Suffolk, on condition that he and his heirs should enjoy 
the power of nominating to one of the small scholarships for 
ever, a privilege now long obsolete. 

By a statute of 20 April 1572 the seniority of the fellow- 
ships was thus fixed by the society: 

Lady Roos 5 Dr William Lyday 1 

Dr John Drewell .' 2 John Greene 1 

Lady Joan Burgh 1 Archdeacon CoUinson...! 

Lady Alice Wyche 1 Dr Hugh Trotter 1 

John Marke 1 



John Alfrey 1 John Barby (Law) 1 

Lady Joan Ingaldsthorp. . .1 John Otware (Medicine) 1 

On 2 Dec. 1573 sir Thomas Smith, formerly fellow of 
Queens' college and one of the principal secretaries of state, 
made over to the college a rent charge of £12. 7*. 4c?. issuing 
out of the manor of Overston Northamptonshire, for the pur- 
pose of founding two readers, one on arithmetic with a stipend 
of £3, the other on geometry with a stipend of £4, and two 
scholarships with a stipend of £2. 35. 8d each. 

The reader on geometry was to lecture daily on Euclid, the 
reader on arithmetic, which included also algebra, was to use 
Tonstall (de arte supputandi libri quatuor 4°. Lond. 1522. Par. 
1538) or Orontius (the Protomathesis of Orontius Finseus fo. 
Par. 1532) or Stiphelius (the Arithmetica Integra of Michael 
Styfel 4". Norimb. 1544) as his text books. ' The which two 
lectures are not to be redd of the reader as of a preacher out 
of a pulpit, but "per radium et eruditum pulverem" as it is 
said, that is with a penn on paper or tables, or a sticke or com- 
passe in sand or duste to make demonstracon that his schollers 
male both understand the reader and also do it themselves and 
so profit.' 

The scholars were expressly required not to proceed B.A. 
' befor that they be well expert in the parts of Arithmatique, 
addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and extraction of 
roots as well of whole numbers as of fractions bie the judg- 
ment of the reader of arithmetique uppon the said readers oth,' 



321 

nor M.A., 'before he hath redd and do understand the first six 
bokes of Euclide, bie the judgment of the reader of geometrie, 
upon the saide reader of geometrie his oth.' 

The remaining sum of twenty shillings was 'to be em- 
ploied at one or two dales in the year to amende the cheare 
of the fellows and scholars in such one dale or two as it shall 
please them at the assignation of the president or his vicegerent 
to hear and see the exercise of the said Artes and how the 
schollers have profited therein, or otherwise at the said M''. and 
fellowes pleasure.' 

Sir Thomas Smith died 12 Aug. 1577 ; and by his will, dated 
18 Feb. 1576-7 and proved 15 Aug. 1577, he bequeathed his 
latin and greek books to Queens' college. 

IV Journale. 1577-78. fo. 127. b. [Sept.] Inprimis given to 
Vaughan for his charges going to Hill-hall on the colledg 
busines iiij\ v''. 

Item to m' Smythe and to s' Smythe for ther charges going to 
Hill-hall fetching home of the colledg books, ut patet per 
billam xix'. vj^ 

Item for the carters dinner which brought home the colledg 
bookes xij**. 

In 1574 Dr Caius published his history of the university, 
and in it gives the number of students and members of the 
several colleges. The whole university contained 1813, in- 
chiding 35 servants on the foundation. The number at Queens' 
was as follows : 1 master, 19 fellows, 8 bibleclerks, 17 scholars, 
77 pensioners : in all 122. Trinity college had altogether 393, 
St John's 271, Christ's 157, King's 142, Clare 129; the other 
colleges were smaller than Queens' in point of numbers. 

Ralph Jones, fellow of this college, was on 17 June 1568 
admonished by the president for sowing discord between two of 
the fellows, John Igulden and Edmund Rockrey, by a letter 
which he wrote to the former. 

On 23 June 1574 he was again admonished for quarrelling 
with Mr Maplesden a member of this college, and was on 
26 Jan. 1574-5 expelled from his fellowship for retaining in his 
hands £44. 15s. ll^d. after the final audit of his accounts as 



322 

senior bursar. (Lemon, State papers, 493, 494.) He was soon 
afterwards restored to his fellowship at the instance of lord 
Burghley, after payment of the debt and a promise ' quietly to 
behave hymself in the college hereafter.' On 12 and 19 July 
1575 he signed letters on behalf of William Middleton. On 
11 Feb. 1578-9 the president and fellows of Queens' college 
wrote to lord Burghley on behalf of R. Jones, begging the chan- 
cellor to recommend him for a preachership at Bedford to the 
gentry of that county: that so he might enjoy the same stipend 
that his predecessor Mr Sparks had enjoyed. 

Dr Jones ceased to be fellow about Mich. 1584. 

In 1575, an heraldic visitation of the County of Cambridge 
was made by Robert Cooke, Clarencieux king-at-arms, who on 
this occasion made the following grant of a crest to the college 
arms: 

To all and singuler, as well nobles and gentills, as others to 
whom these presents shall come Robert Cooke Esquier, Alias 
Clarencietilx principall Herehault and Kinge of Armes of the South 
East and Weast partes of this Realme of England, from the river 
of Trent Sowth-wards sendith greeting in our Lorde God everlast- 
ing. Wheras aunciently from the beginning the valiant and vertuoiis 
actes of worthie persons have been comendid to the world with 
sondry monumentes and remembrances of their good desertes, amongst 
the which the chiefest and most usuall hath been the beering of 
signs and tokens in Shildes called Armes, which evident demon- 
stracions of prowes and valoir diversly distributed according to the 
quallities and desertes of the persons : which order as it was most 
prudently devised in the beginning to stirre and kindell the hartes 
of men to the imitacion of vertue and noblenes, even so hath the 
same ben and yet is continually observed to th' end that such as 
have don comendable service to their prince or country eather in 
Warre or peace may both receive due honor in their lives and 
also derive the same successively to their posteritie for ever, and 
Whereas the Queues CoUedge of St Margaret and St Barnard in 
Cambridge was incorporate by the name of President and fellowes 
of the same Colledge by Margaret Queue of England doughter of 
the Kinge of Sicile and Hierusalem, and wife unto Kinge Henry the 
sixte in the xxvi'^ yere of the same Kinges raigne, at which tyme 
she did also graunt unto the saide president and fellowes and their 



323 

successoi-s her armes to be used in the saide Colledge, as they 
stand depicted in this margent and thus biased, That is to saye, 
Quarterly, the first quarter, barry of eight argent and gules, the 
second asur semy flower de lucis gold, a labell of thre pointes argent; 
the third argent, a ci'oss latune betwen fower crosses golde ; the forth 
asur, semy flower de lucis golde, a border gules; the fifte asur, two 
lucis indorced, semy crosse crosselettes golde; the sixt gold on a 
bend gules thre egles displaide argent; all the which sixe cotes 
are inclosed within a border vert; Yet nevertheless for divei's good 
consideracions me moving, and at the request of William Cliader- 
ton now doctor of divinitie and President of the said Colledge and 
the fellowes of the same Colledge, I have assigned, geven, and 
graunted unto these their saide armes the Creast or Cognoiscance 
hereafter following, Videlicet uppon the healme, out of a croune golde 
an Egle rowsant sable, wings golde, manteled gules dobled argent as 
more plainly apperith depicted in this margent, The which Armes 
and Creast and every pai't and parcell thereof in manner and 
forme above saide, I the saide Clarencieulx Kinge of Armes (by 
power and authoritie to my office annexed and graunted by letters 
Patentes under the greate Seale of England) do by these presentes 
ratifie and confirme, give and graunt, unto and for the saide pre- 
sident and fellowes of the saide Colledge and to their successoi's in 
office and like place, and they the same to use, beare and shewe in 
all places honest according to the auncient lawe of armes at theire 
liberty and pleasure, without impediment let or interruption of any 
person or persons. In witness whereof I the saide Clarencieulx 
Kinge of Armes have signed these presentes with my hand and sett 
hereunto the seale of my office. 

Yeven at London the tenth of may in the yere of oure Lord God 
a thowsand five hondreth seventy and five and in the seven tenth 
yere of the raigne of oure soveraigne Lady Elizabeth by the Grace of 
God, Queue of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the faith 
etc. 

Rob Cooke, Alias Clarencieulx 

EoY Darmes. 

The college arms and crest are depicted in the margin of 
the warrant. 

lY Journale. 1574-75. fo. 107. b. [May] Item to m' Clarencieus 
for renewyng (or revewying) the colledge armes... iij". vj^ viij^ 




324 

ILLIAM Middleton (B.A. 1570-1) was elected fellow 
of Queens' college 28 June 1572. 

In the Computus Finalis 1532-1716, p. 126, we 



find the following : 

Anno Doniini 1574 Maji 4°. Guilielimis Mydleton artium bacha- 
laurens et hujus collegii socius, admonitus fait a me Guilielmo Cha- 
derton presidente charitative pro. seminatione discordiarum inter se 
ipsum et alios ex sociis, ut se emeudare studeret et ab hujusmodi 
contumeliis abstineret in posterum. 

According to the college statutes he was bound to pro- 
ceed to M.A. in 1574, and accordingly performed all the exer- 
cises required by the university for that degree. However 
the president and the major part of the society refused 
him his college grace to proceed to that degree, no reason 
being alleged against him. Hereupon, to avoid losing his fel- 
lowship, he went to Oxford and there took his degree. But 
on 8 July 1575, at a college meeting held in the chapel, 
the president and major part of the fellows, having first sent 
Middleton out, made an interpretation of the statute 'De pro- 
cessu sociorum de gradu in gradum' to the effect that the de- 
grees required must be taken in the university of Cambridge. 
They then recalled him and asked whether he had commenced 
in Cambridge? when he answered. No. Dr Chaderton gave 
sentence against him, and removed him from his fellowship. 
Then to make sure work and quite to displace him, the presi- 
dent gave notice of a new election, and read the first of the 
three admonitions necessary to an election, and the next morn- 
ing the second. The third he read to the fellows in his own 
chamber on the 10th, and on Monday the 11th attempted to 
proceed to an election; but the two seniors, Edmund Rockrey 
and Robert Some, admonished him, ' in virtute juramenti,' not 
to proceed to an election before a place was void. At this the 
president deferred finishing the election till he should have fur- 
ther counsel. Rockrey, Some, Ralph Jones, Henry Goad, and 
Andrew Arnold, wrote to lord Burghley on 12 July, and again 
on the 19th. Their letters are here given as in Heywood 
and Wright, Cambridge University Transactions during the 



325 

puritan controversies of the 16th and 17th centuries, i. 177-184,- 
fromMS. Lansd. 20: 

Whereas we have a statute in oure coUedge, beinge the Queues 
Colledge in Cambridge, in this forme followinge : Statuimus et ordi- 
namus quod quilibet socius baccalaureus in artihus hujus collegii 
frocedat ad gradum magisterii in eadem facultate infra quatuor annos 
immediate sequentes ejus determinationeni, sub poena amissionis suce 
societatis ipso facto. These are therefore to testifie, that the laste 
yeare, 1574, Mr. Mideltones grace to proceade master of arte was 
propounded accordinge to ordre amonge the master and fellowes, he 
havinge done and perfourmed all his actes in. the schooles which were 
to be required for that degree ; but that was denied him by the 
master and moste parte of the fellowes, and he finallie staled without 
anie cause alleadged againste him. Wherefore, he to avoide the 
daunger of the statute which tended to his undoinge, with testimonie 
of learned and godlie men of this Universitie to Doctor Umphrey, 
and to other of the Universitie of Oxforde, he repaired to Oxforde, 
where he proceaded master of arte, thinckinge by this meanes to have 
satisfied the statute before mentioned, and to have avoided daunger. 
But now, anno 1575, on Fridaie, after one of the clocke, being the 
eighte daie of Julie, the master and fellowes meetinge together by 
apointement of the master in the chapell of the saide colledge, pro- 
pounded the matter to be considered, commaunding Mr. Midelton 
cute, the which we take to be injurious. The master and the greater 
parte of the fellowes havinge by statute authoritie to interprete the 
statutes, the master demaunded of the fellowes whether that statute 
was locall ; that is, whether those that were fellowes in the colledge 
were bounde onelie to proceade in Cambridge, and no where els. To 
the which the master and more parte of the fellowes agreed j but some 
were of the contrarie judgment, shewinge that then the master and 
fellowes could graunte licence to none to procead in anie other place, 
having no authoritie to dispense with anie statute, and that it was 
probable that the master himself was the laste yeare of that judgment ; 
because that after he had finallie staled him at Cambridge, he 
laboured also to stale him at Oxforde, firste in not gevinge him 
licence to go forthe of Cambridge, untill he by admonition of two of 
the senior fellowes was urged thereunto ; secondlie, in that after lie. 
had given him leave, he wi'ote an uncharitable letter to Doctoiir 
Umpfrey, to have discredited Mr. Midelton there also. Moreover, it 
was alleadged that if that statute were locall, according as he inter- 



326 

preted locall, yet Mr. Miclelton was no cause of the breach thereof, 
labouring by all meanes to perfourme the same^ and no man is bounde 
to an impossi bill tie. Further, it was alleadged that, as before a 
favorable interpretation was made for saving the master from daunger 
in not making an election in tyme accordinge to statute, the like 
interpretation might here for safegarde of a fellowe be admitted, the 
wordes being alike, althoughe appertaining to severall and distincte 
thinges, frocedere ad electionem and procedere ad gradum magisterii. 
Lastlie, it was alleadged that the practise before in Doctor Stokes his 
time might be an interpretacioun to the statute, and therefore neaded 
now no newe interpretacion, when as one Mr. Rastall, according to 
his own desier, being not able to beare the charges of that degree, 
was staled till the yeare followinge, kepinge and enjoyinge neverthe- 
lesse his fellowship. Notwithstandinge these allegacions, the master 
and moste parte of the fellowes determined upon this interpretacion : 
Anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo septuagesimo quinto per prcesi- 
dentem et majorem partem sociorum declaratum fuit, quod omnes illi 
gradus ad quos suscipiendos singuli socii suo ordine tenentur, juxta 
vim, formxmth, et effectum. statuti de processu sociorum, a gradu in 
gradum, cap. 32, in academia hac nostra Cantabrigiensi tantum, et 
non alibi, sunt susdpiendi, sub poena in eodein statuto prcescripta ; 
et quod procedere ad gradum magisterii in artibus est in eadem 
facxdtate determinare juxta modum etformam hujus academice. And 
as before theie had staied him from his degree, and nowe agreed to 
this interpretation, so laste of all they agreed to expell him for not 
proceadinge according, as they sale, to the statute. And calling him 
into the chappell, the master asked him whether he had commensed 
in Cambridge ; to the which when he had answered, no, then oure 
master gave sentence declaratorie againste him, and removed him 
from his fellowship. Mr. Midelton trusted that the master and 
fellowes woulde not deale so hardelie with him, requestiuge theire 
frendship ; but nothinge woulde move them ; wherefore he was driven 
to the laste refuge, which was his appellation. Then the master 
purposing to make suer worke, and quite to displace him, gave imme- 
diately an admonition preparatorie to a newe election ; and the 
morning following the seconde admonicion, where it was shewed to 
the master that pendente appellatione nihil est innovanduTn, and that 
the interpretacion determined of them the dale before did not pertaine 
to Mr. Midelton, but to those that shoulde proceade hereafter, etc., 
and therefore the saide Mr. Midelton to remaine fellow still, and no 
place to be voyde ; the master saide he woulde answere his doinges, 



327 

and so departed for that time. The dale following, betwene fowre 
and five in the afternone, the fellowes being called together, Mr. 
Midelton, thoroughe advise and counsell, as fellowe went in amongest 
them into the chappell ; the master coramannding him out, he 
answered that he might not without prejudice of his cause. In 
effecte the master went out of the chappell, commaunding all the 
fellowes to, waite on him to his chamber, willing Mr. Midelton to 
come into his chamber if he durste ; and there in his chamber at that 
time he gave the third admonicion to the election, whereof by some 
of the fellowes it was alleadged as before. On Monday following, in 
the morning, at 7 a clocke, the fellowes were warned to mete in the 
chappell ; at what time the master going to the Lordes table, called up 
accordinge to statute the two senior fellowes to be with him in the 
scrutinie, where the two seniors admonished him in virtute juramenti 
to observe the statute, not to procede to an election before a place 
was voide ; at the which the master staled communicating the same 
to the rest of the societie, differringe the finishinge of the election 
untill he shoulde have furder counsell. This is the summe and 
effecte of that which in this matter hathe hetherto bene done. In 
witnesse whereof we, parte of the societie there present, have sub- 
scribed oure names to this testimoniall with oure owne handes, the 
12 of Julie, 1575. 

Robert Soome. Heneie Goade. 

Edmund Eockrey. Andrew Arnold. 

Raphe Jones. 

Honoratissimo viro, domino de Burghley, summo Anglise thesau- 
rario, et Cantabrigiensis academise cancellario dignissimo, hse 
tradantur. 

NoN ita pridem (illustrissime vir) eo confidentise processimus, ut 
cum honore tuo per literas nostras liberius coUoqueremur, quibus 
scilicet id potissimum tibi significavimus, Middeltonum quendam in 
loco valde lubrico vei-satum, de salute et statu suo periclitari, ad 
quem vindicandum ab eis quae jam turn imminebant periculis tuam 
imprimis facilitatem imploravimus ; ex quo quidem accidit (amplis- 
sime vir) Middeltonum in lubrico (ut diximus) versatum jam nunc 
eo discriminis adductum esse, ut de sua statione et sede non dimoveri 
modo, sed dejici potius videatur. Julii enim 8° D. Chadertoni et 
quorundam socioinim consensu, susb societatis, in quam prius ascriptus 
fuerat, jus omne sibi quasi e manibus extortum habuit. TJtrum vero 



328 

id jure an injuria factum fuerit, honori tuo, ad quern Middeltonus 
appellatione usus confugit, judicandum relinquimus. Rem. autem 
universam, quemadmodum hactenus gesta est, in duabus schedulis 
vere et perspicue descriptam acerrimo judicio tuo subjecimus. lllam 
idcirco inprimis, qua semper in judicando usus es, iineiKeiav expecta- 
mus, jus ipsum, quemadmodum soles (clarissime vir) sequitate causae 
metiare ; summisque precibus ab honore tuo contendimus, ut Middel- 
tonum hunc misere afflictum et dejectum prorsus, auctoritate tua 
recreare tandem velis et erigere, atque ex omnibus jactationum 
fluctibus ad portum aliquando perducere. ^ternua Deus amplitu- 
dinem tuam tueatur, et nobis reique publicse conservet incolumem. 
Cantabrigise, 19° Julii, anno Domini 1575. 

Amplitudini tuse deditissimi, 

ROBERTUS SOOME. HeNRICUS GrOADE. 

Edmundus E.OCKREY. Andreas Arnolde. 

RoDOLPHUs Jones. 



A testimoniall concerninge Middelton, of Queens Colledge in Cam- 
bridge. The seconde testimonyall for my lorde treasurer. 

Seynge that in a former testimonyall we bave sett downe the summe 
and effect of the masters and more parte of the fellowes dealinges 
against Mr. Mydelton, pmyttinge the enlarginge of somthinge for 
brevyties sake ; yet no we seinge that in one or two poyntes the 
whole issue of the matter seameth cheefly to consist, we are con- 
strayned further in this to enlarge these poynts. The firste is, that 
the master and more part of the fellowes think yt unlawfull by our 
statute for Mr. Mydelton to ajjpeale, and that thay have an absolute 
jurisdiction, not to be called before any judge ; in mayntayninge of 
the which liberty thay purpose to stande. We, on the contrary 
parte, thinke otherwyse, moved so to judge by the wordes of our 
statute (ca. 10), whiche are these : Quarto, jurahis quod si contigerit 
te, oh demerita tua, expelli ah hac societate, per sententiam prcesidentis 
et majoris partis omnium sociorum, nulla appellatione nee alio juris 
remedio contra eos vel eorum aliquem uteris. Whereupon yt followeth, 
that yf any be expelled non propter demerita, he may lawfully appeale, 
or use any other remedy by lawe, to be restored agayne : the which 
is Mr. Mydeltons case, he takinge himselfe to be expelled non propter 
demerita, desiringe to have the matter examyned and tryed. And 
that thay have no suche absolute authoryty as thay chalenge, not to 



I 



829 

be called before any otber judge, appeareth by the wordes of this 
statute (ca. 26) : Si discordia oriatur inter prcesidentem et socium vel 
socios hujus coUegii, teneatur idem prcesidens convocare socios tribus 
vicihus, idque inter2')ositis tribus ad minus diebus, ut illi inter se {quod 
maxime optamus) hujusmodi controversies finem imponant ; verum si 
nee turn earn tollere queant, tunc tenebitur tarn prcesidens q%mm socii 
prcedicti stare judicio cancellarii et majoris 2^'^'>'t^^ prcejjositorum 
coUegiorum, sub poena privationis et expulsionis a collegia ipso facto. 
But if thay, by any one of our pry vate statutes, had suche a priviledge 
(as thay have not), yet the newe statutes gevethe authorytye to the 
chauncellour of the Universyty to determyne upon all causes (ca. 42) : 
Cancellarius j^otestatem habebit ad omnes omnium scliolasticorum 
atque etiani eorum famulorum controversias sunimarie et sine idla 
juris solennitate, prceter illam quann nos 2^'>'cescribemus, secundum jus 
civile, et eorum privilegia et consuetudines, turn audiendas, turn diri- 
mendas. Abrogating all other statutes contrary to those, as appe- 
rethe, ca. 50: Statuta omnia, compositiones, et consuetudines, qua; 
Scripturis Sacris, institutis nostris, aut istis statutis, adversari vide- 
huntur, abrogata et rescissa sunto, reliquis suo robore j^srmansuris. 
Therefore Mr. vice-chancellor, as it may seame, laboringe to represse 
the masters unjuste proceadinge to an election pendente cqjj^ellatione, 
gave him an inhibition that he shoulde ceasse to proceade in his 
election : the which no doubt he woulde not have don, yf he v^^ere not 
of this judgement, that it were lawfull to appeale, and that of right 
my lorde treasurer might judge and determyn of the matter, willinge 
Mr. Some to signifye unto his honour what he had don in the matter. 
Further, the master himselfe seamed before that to allowe of the 
appellation, in that he stayed the fynyshinge of the election at the 
admonytion of two of the senior fellowes ; for otherwise he might 
have safely proceaded. The seconde poynte ys, that the master and 
fellowes have proceaded against Mr. Mydelton upon their interpreta- 
tion of the statute, the which, accordinge to the judgment of the 
wisest and most learned in the lawes of this Universytie, cannot 
apf ertaine to Mr. Mydelton, but to suche as shall proceade after the 
makinge of the same : lex trahi non potest ad proiterita. And as 
Mr. Some hath learned of Mr. vice-chauncelour, who was somtyme 
fellowe of our colledge, the practise of tha,t statute before tyme hath 
bene contrary to their interpretation now sett downe ; for Sir Thomas 
Smythe, beinge fellowe of the colledge, proceaded doctor of the civill 
lawe in Padway, continewenge nevertheles fellowe. This is that 

22 



330 

whicli we fhoiTglit necessary to ad to tlie former ; to the wHcli we, in 
like sorte, have subscribed our names witli our owne handes, the 19 th 
daye of Julye. 

Egbert Soome, Henrie Goade. 

Edmunde Eockrey. Andrew Arnolde. 

Eaphe Jones, 

At last lord Burghley commanded that he should be re- 
stored to his fellowship but not to his seniority. 

These events are thus recorded in the Computus Finalis 
1532-1716 (p. 129) : 

Memorandum quod anno Domini 1575 Julii 8° Guilielmus Midle- 
ton per sententiam presidentis et majoris partis sociorum privatus fuit 
sodalitate sua pro demeritis suis: videlicet quod non processerit ad 
gradum magisterii in artibus juxta vim formam et effectum statuti 
de processu sociorum de gradu in gradum : Cap. 32. 

In the margin is also written in another hand : 

Memorandum that at the Instance of the righte honorable S''. W™. 
Cecill, Lorde Burgheley, and chauncellor of this unyversytie, the said 
W™. Mydleton upon his humble submyssyon and promes to lyve 
orderlie and quietlie hereafter, was shortlie after Mychelmas eodem 
anno predicto chosen agayne fellow and so became a junyor and lost 
both his allowance and senioritie. 

His usual stipend was £9, but in the year 1575-76 it was 
only iiij", vijl x^ 

The following extract from the case of Mr Hickman of 
Corpus Christi college in 1588 (Hey wood and Wright, i. 538) 
explains the chancellor's interference. 

The chancellar, ex officio, may take notice of any such violence 
offred to any schoUar in the Universitie, thoughe yt had bine per- 
formed by full consent, and in good forme of lawe ; quia cancellarii 
est, cancellare vim et rigoreni juris, notwithstanding the priviledge ; 
as hath bine heretofore scene in like cases, and amougest the rest in 
one Mr. Middeltons restitution of Queues colledge, notwithstanding 
the bishop of Chester, then being master of that colledge, stood very 
peremptorilye uppon the like exemption and pretence of breache 
of oathe. 



831 

He was incorporated at Cambridge in 1576, and vacated his 
fellowship about Easter 1589. He was rector of Hardwick Cam- 
bridgeshire, and died 14 June 1613. (Cooper, AtJi. ii. 446.) 

Later in life under another president he incurred a similar 
rebuke to that mentioned above; the cause is thus given in 
Computus Finalis 1532-1716, p. 127 : 

Anno Domini 1585. Mr Middleton bacclieler of Divinitie fellow 
of the house was admonished by the master before two of the seniors 
Mr Jhon Jegon and Mr Wiliame Lawrence bacchelers of Divinitie 
for cumminge with fowr of the fellowes to geve the master ane admo- 
nitione for gevinge and bestowing a chamber upon one of the fellowes 
as in his discretione he thoughte meete ; for which his procedinge 
therin not accordinge to the statute and thereby aowinge and 
raysinge contentione both betwen master and fellowes and fellow and 
fellows and slander to the house, he receyved an admonitione and 
was charged to surcease frome such disorderly and contentious prac- 
tises and dealinge, ujDon the perill furder to ensewe, upon the statute 
de seminandis discordiis. 

Umphry Tyndall. 

Testibus H^^Z J^«°^- 

( WiLLM Laurence. 



In 1576, an act of parliament was passed, requiring one 
third of all college rents to be paid in wheat or malt : it is 
' an Acte for the maintenance of the Colleges in the Universities 
and of Winchester and Eaton' (18 Eliz. c. 6). It had a most 
beneficial effect on the revenues of the colleges, and has been 
generally considered to have been suggested by sir Thomas 
Smith formerly fellow of Queens' college, though it has also 
been attributed to lord Burghley, or to Dr Perne a former 
fellow of the college and at that time master of Peterhouse. 
(Cooper, Ann. ii. 342.) 

On 24 April 1576 the queen sent a letter to the college 
desiring them to elect Thomas Hughes (B.A. 1575-6) fellow in 
the room of Robert Harrington, who had resigned his fellow- 
ship. The letter contained the praises of Robert Hughes for 
his 'honest behaviour and towardness in learning,' and then 
required the society to elect him to the vacant fellowship be- 

22—2 



332 

fore any other, any statute of the college to the contrary not- 
■withstanding, in which case the queen did dispense with it. 
Hughes was a native of Cheshire, and bis county being already 
filled up, and sir Thomas Smith suing for his nephew Clement 
Smith, the college hesitated to comply with the queen's man- 
date. Hence lord Burghley and some other members of the 
council wrote again to the college on 10 July, urging obedi- 
ence to the queen, who not only might dispense with a statute, 
but was also the patron (if they rightly considered) of all other 
their privileges and immunities, the rather that they under- 
stood Mr Smith's suit be also otherwise served. And as three 
other vacancies happened that year, both Thomas Hughes and 
Clement Smith were chosen fellows on 8 Sept. (Peck, Des. Cur. 
B. iii. nos. 5, 6.) 

Garret Wallis came to the college from Eton on 4 May 1574, 
bringing with him the queen's letters of recommendation to 
the society to elect him fellow as soon as possible. He was 
chosen scholar, and became B.A. in 1577-8; and, as no fellow- 
ship that he could hold was at that time vacant, he sought 
to have the queen's letters returned to him, that he might give 
them back to the queen in order to seek other preferment by 
means of a fi-esh mandate. Of this the society informed lord 
Burghley in a letter dated 11 June 1578 (MS. Lansd. 27, 
art. 21). 

On 14 July 1578 David Yale one of the society wrote 
to [lord Burghley] begging that if Dr Chaderton, their present 
master, were made bishop of Chester, a free election to the 
mastership of the college might be permitted to the fellows, 
and that the earl of Leicester might not be allowed to exert 
his influence over the fellows in favour of Mr Tyndall, a can- 
didate for the mastership. (Cal. State Papers, 1547-80, p. 595.) 

The custom of granting letters mandatory for fellowships 
and schola.rships had at this time become very common, and 
this was found to be so detrimental to the university as a 
learned body, that on 11 Kal. Ap. (22 March) 1578-9 the vice- 
chancallor, Dr Thomas Bjmg, and heads of houses, wrote to lord 
Burghley to complain of it. Lord Burghley wrote in reply on 
7 April 1579, throwing all the blame on those who had drawn 



333 

up those letters, and explaining tliat the queen never intended 
thereby 'any violation of the statutes and orders for elections,' 
or to have the colleges to ' admit any person to any room that 
should not be thought meet by the order of the houses to be 
chosen.' He promised that greater care should be taken here- 
after in the matter, so that nothing should 'pass to the offence 
of the statutes' of any of the colleges, but advised that at 
elections, ceteris paribus, the queen's recommendation be com- 
plied with, or some good reason given to one of the secretaries 
of state, why the request might not be fulfilled. 

Henry Wilshawe was fellow of Queens' college from 1537 
to 1548 (apparently about 15 July), afterwards fellow of Trinity, 
prebendary of Lichfield, and rector of West Grinstead and of 
Storrington Sussex : on 7 May 1579 he gave £80 to found two 
scholarships, with a preference to students of his name or 
family, or who should be natives of Bakewell, Capel-le-Frith, or 
Glossop, Derbyshire. (Cooper, Ath. i. 398, 567.) 

A suit having arisen between the dean and chapter of Can- 
terbury and the college touching a certain rent to be paid to 
the chapter out of the estate of St Nicholas Court Kent as 
holding of the manor of Monkton which was chapter property, 
archbishop Grindal decided the controversy on 28 June 1579, 
and besides ifixing the amount to be paid, directed that as an 
equivalent for certain arrears, which were not to be claimed, 
the college was to admit two bible-clerks on the nomination of 
the dean and chapter, one on 20 Nov. 1579, the other on 
20 Nov. 1580. 

lY Jom-nale. 1577-78. fo. 128. [Dec] Imprimis to Mr Anger 
for charge of suit against y^ dean and chapter of Canterburye, 
ut patet per billam ix^ viiij'^ 



DMUND Eockrey (B.A. 1560-1) was elected fellow of 
Queens' college in 1561 (Cooper, Ath. ii. 242-3). In the 
year 1568-69 he was one of the proctors of the uni- 
versity, and in 1570 he subscribed with others, among whom 
were several fellows and ex-fellows of Queens', letters on behalf 




834 

of Thomas Cartwright, on 3 July and 11 Aug. (Strype, Ann. ii. 
App. n°^ 2, 3.) 

The new university statutes were given in 1570, and, on 
Sunday 26 Nov. 1570 Dr Chaderton having convened a meeting 
of the society, in pursuance of the command of the vice-chan- 
cellor Dr Whitgift, warned the fallows not to speak against 
them. Rockrey boldly denounced them, as impairing the 
liberty and privileges of the university, asserting that some of 
them were directly against God's word, and remarked that 
godly princes might be deceived by hjrpocrites and flatterers, as 
David was by Ziba, 

For this he was on the same day bound "over in a surety of 
£40, and John Persyvall M.A. and John Maplisden M,A. gave 
bonds of £20 each, that he should 'personallye apeare ffrom 
tyme to tyme w*4n this towne before the vicechaunc. or his 
deputie, untyll such matter be determyned and ended, as is and 
shalbe laied agaynst hym by M"" D'' Chaderton.' 

The following day, 27 Nov., he appeared before Dr Whitgift 
the vice-chancellor, Dr Chaderton and other heads, when certain 
articles were objected to him, to which the vice-chancellor re- 
quired a faithful answer. Rockrey refused to reply, except he 
were furnished with a copy of the articles, and then William 
Paget B.D., Thomas Sicklemore, George Goldsen (Gulson), 
Francis Lyndley, masters of arts and fellows of the college, and 
John Cooke, M.A., were produced, and, Rockrey making no 
objection to them, the vice-chancellor examined them at once. 
The following day Robert Some, M.A. fellow of Queens', entered 
into a surety of £40 sub conditione sequente — viz., that Rockrey 
' should remayne, contynew and quietly kepe his chamber, as a 
trew prisoner, onles he were called fourth by the vicech. or his 
deputie, untyll such matter were ended, which is objected 
agaynst hym' (Acta curiae Cancellarii 1550-78 called Liher 
Utinam [in the registry of the university], fo. 136). 

The affair was then reported to the chancellor. 

On 31 Jan. 1570-1 lady Elizabeth Hoby the widow of sir 
Thomas Hoby and sister-in-law to Cecil, writing to the chan- 
cellor from her seat at Bisham Berkshire (Cooper Ath. i. 242-3) 
on some matters of business, added a postscript in favour of 



835 

Rockrey, who had lived in her house as tutor to her children. 
This part of her letter is transcribed from the original in the 
Public Eecord office. {Domestic. Elizabeth, vol. Ixxvii. n°. 11; 
Cal. State Papers 1547-80, p. 407.) 

Sir, 

I understand that one Edmond Rockery of Cambridge is in, 
truble for certaine woords spoken by him. for the defence of certain 
liberties, which ar construed to farr other meaning then he thought. 
My sute therfore to you now is, that it woold pleas yow the rather 
at my ernest request to be good unto him, for that having had no 
small tryall of him both for religion good nature and disposition to 
learning and other virtewes during the tyme of his being skoolemaster 
in my bowse, me tbinketh I durst in my conscience awnser in his 
behalf that what fond woords soever passed him, perhapps in some 
heate, tbey preceded not from a minde desirows of sedition or other- 
wise less willing to shew himself a most trew subject to his Prince 
then eny one of his Colledge. And therfore assuring myself that if 
yow knew him so well as I do (notwithstanding you now justly by 
information conceyve ill of him) yow woold alltogether alter your 
opinion of him to the contrary, I end as a most earnest suter to the 
Chawnceler of the Universitie of Cambridge to stand his good Master 
and to pardon this his first folly. 

Elizabeth Hoby, 

On 7 Feb. 1570-1 Dr Chaderton, Dr Perne master of Peter- 
house, Dr Mey master of St Catharine's college, entered into 
recognizances of £100, £50 and £50 respectively to appear 
before the vice-chancellor from time to time until the affair 
should be settled ; on the same day Edmund Rockrey, Thomas 
Sicklemore, and David Yale, fellows of Queens', entered into the 
like recognizances, as did also William Paget, B.D. fellow of 
Queens', William Redman, M.A. (Cooper, Ath.ii. 333), and Richard 
Paget, M.A. fellows of Trinity college ; and on 9 Feb. Robert 
Garret, M.A. fellow of Queens', and John Cookes, M.A., and 
Owen David (Davies), M.A., pensioners of the said college, 
entered into recognizances to the same amounts. 

On 7 Feb. he was cited before the vice-chancellor Dr Whit- 
gift and the heads of colleges, when it was decreed that he 



336 

should acknowledge and revoke his rashness openly in the same 
place and before the same company, where he had given offence, 
in the following form {Liber Utinam, fo. 141. b. 142) : 

ffor as much as on Sonday being the 26 of novemb., in this place 
before yow, I disorderlye stod up (after that o"^ M'' D' Chaderton, 
havyng commaundment from the vicechan., had gyven warning 
that we should not speake agaynst such statutes as the Queues Ma*'® 
had sent to thuniversitie) and spake words, tending to the confu- 
tynge of such thyngs, as wei"e then by our said M'' spoken, to the 
discredityng of some about the Queues Ma*'*, saing that godlie 
princes might be deceaved by ypocrits and flaterers, as David was 
by Siba or such like, and to the derogation of the said statutes and 
condemnation of some of theim, sainge, that thei tended to the 
impairynge of the liberties and privileges of thuniversitie, and that 
some of theim were directlye agaynste Gods word : I therfor acknow- 
ledg my rashenes and undiscretenes in so doinge, and am hartelie 
sorie for the same, desierynge yow to thinke, as it becometh dewtyfull 
subjects to thynke of y® Queues Ma*'* her cownsaylers, and lawes, 
and reverentlye to obey the same, as I for my part intende to doe, 
God willynge, to the uttermost of my power. In witnesse wherof I 
have subscrybed this confession with my owne hand and delyver the 
same here in yo*' presence, to o"" M"" to be by hym also delyvered to 
M"" vicech. 

This he after much consideration refused to do, and on 
15 March -the vice-chancellor decreed, that unless he read this re- 
cantation on the following Sunday or on the Sunday next before 
Easter, he should be expelled from the university on one month 
from that day. Accordingly on 18 Apr. 1571 {Computus Finalis 
1532-1716, p. 126) 'Mr Edmunde Rockrey was pronounced 
non-socius, beinge expelled out of the colledge and university 
for his grete disobedience, disorder and contumacy, as well by 
the authority of the Queue's Ma"^^ counsell, as also by the sen- 
tence of the Lorde Burgheley chancellor of the universytie and 
the residue of M""" of Colleges then there present. Hiis testibus 

W. Chaderton, p'sidens collegii. W. Pachet. 

W. Sole. Robert Some. R. Garret. 

Thomas Sycklemore. D. Yale. F. Linley. 

Jhon Peesevall.' 



337 

The following account of these proceedings is taken from 
the Liher Utinam (fo. 141. b. 142, 143). 

vii Febr. [1570] Coram vicecancellario, [assidentibus Doctoribus 
Perne, Hawford, Kelke, Mey, Harvey et Bynge,] M"" vicecb. call- 
yug before bym the said M"" Rokerey, wylled bym to acknowledg and 
confesse bis faiilte, and openlye to revoke bis rasbenes in tbe same 
place, and before tbe same companie in tbe said colledg, wbere be 
bad gyven tbe offence, and tbat in wrytynge, wbereof be said be 
would tbe nexte day send bym a copie, grantyng bym tyme to con- 
sider upon tbe said wrytynge untyll Wensday folowyng, being tbe 
14 of Febr., tben to gyve awnswer wbetber be would reade tbe 
same or no, and accordynglie tbe said vicecb. sent tbe said scedule, 
and at tbe said Wensday tbe 14 of Febr, tbe said M"" Rokerey 
comyng agayne before tbe said vicecb. and tbe forenamed assistence 
desieryd longer tyme of deliberation and upon bis request M"" vicecb. 
graunted bim tbe Wensday folowyng to make a finall and i"esolute 
awnswer. 

21 Febr. be ajoeared agayne and bad daye tyll 1 of tbe clocke 
of Tewsday folowyng. 

27 Febr. 1570 comparuit Edm. Rokerey, et professns est se 

nolle confessionem prsedictani palam et publice legere, juxta decretum 
Domini alias sibi factum, unde Dns pi-a'cepit eidem, ut non egredere- 
tur collm lieginale, juxta formam alias sibi injunctam, quousque 
aliter per eum" decerneretur. 

. xv° Martii. . .Dns decrevit, ut M"" Rokerey perlegeret die Dominica 
proximo sequente aut die Dominica proximo prfecedente ante festum 
Pasc' palam et publice in capella collegii Reginei coram omnibus 
ejusdem collegii presentibus, confessionem alias sibi in scriptis 
traditam, et donee eam perlegeret, decrevit eundem piivandum 
omnibus commoditatibus dicti collegii et ab isto die ad mensem si 
non legeret, decrevit eundem amovendum ab Academia. Insuper 
monuit eundem, ut non exiret dictum collegium per tempus prse- 
dictum, nisi aliquis prsepositorum collegiorum eundem evocaret ad 
colloquium, et immediate fiuito hujusmodi colloquio voluit eundem 
ad collegium prsedictum revertere. Proviso semper, quod si D"" 
Cbaderton abfuerit dicto die Dominico prsecedente Pasc', tunc si 
dictus Edm. confessionem prsedictam lectam et subscriptam, ut prse- 
dicitur, viceprsesidenti ejusdem collegii tradiderit, satisfecisse officio 
8no judicabitur. 

Although lord Burghley is spoken of as having been a party 



338 

to Eockrey's expulsion, yet not long afterwards lie procured his 
restoration to his fellowship, and in the Liber Utinam fo. 143 
we find : 

M'*. quod 4'° Julii 1571 de consilio et avisamento Dni Willmi 
Cecill Dni Burghlie, rescissa et revocata fait hsec sententia per Dnm 
vicec. et doctores assidentes, et dictus Edm, in integrum restitutus. 

Hitherto Rockrey had held different college offices, as dean 
of philosophy in 1563-64, senior bursar in 1564-65, dean of ^ 
theology 1566-67, 1567-68, 1569-70; but in 1571-72 we find | 
him and another acting as dean of theology, and from that I 
time he is not mentioned as taking any important part in the 
working or management of the college. j 

In spite of the efforts of the heads of houses, the agitation | 
against the new university statutes increased, and among the 
many members of Queens' who signed against them in May j 
1572 was Edmund Rockrey. 

He soon afterwards got into fresh trouble for refusing to ! 
wear the clerical and academical vestments, and for his con- 
tinued nonconformity to the rites and ceremonies of the church 
of England, and in Computus Finalis 1532-1716 we find the 
following memorandum (p. 126) : 

Memorandum quod a°. domini 1 57. . Edmundus Rockrey huius 
collegii'socius charitative admonitus fuit a me Guilielmo Ohaderton 
prsesidente, coram Roberto Some vicepresidente, ut se prsepararet ad 
communicandum Dominicse coense cum proxime eandem in collegio 
celebrari contingeret, quoniam non sine sociorum scandalo per duos 
integros annos ab eadem in prsedicto collegio abstineret. 

The date unfortunately was never completed ; the next 
date on the page is 6 Nov. 1573. In the margin is written 
' non est factum.' 

In spite of his nonconformity he preached on behalf of the 
college at St Denys Backchurch. 

lY Journale. 1573-74. fo. 99. [Oct.] Item a sermon preacbed 
the last quarter at London by Mr Rockereye vj'. viij". 

On 6 Jan. 1574-5 Dr Chaderton complained by letter to 
lord Burghley of Mr Eockrey's contumacy, asking him for 



339 

his advice how to deal with him. (Public Eecord office, Dom. 
Eliz. vol. ciii. n°. 1 ; Cal. State Papers 1547-80, p. 493.) 

...There is one M"" Rockrey in our College whom your L. moved 
me to receive again into the College. Since his return I could never 
by any advice or charge bring him to receive the Communion in the 
College once amongst us, neither yet to keep any order in apparel 
and ceremonies, whereby doth rise some inconvenience in our College, 
for reformation whereof I most humbly beseech your L. to let me 
know your mind how I should deal with him, otherwise our laws 
and orders will fall into great contempt... 

The Computus Finalis gives us the following notes of subse- 
quent admonitions (p. 129). 

Memorandum quod A". D. 1574 februarii 18°. Edmundus Rockrey 
huius collegii socius admonitus fuit a me Guihelmo Chaderton 
prsesidente, coram Roberto Some vicepresidente, Roberto Garret, 
Davide Yale, Francisco Lynley et Georgio Jermyn, sociis ejusdem 
collegii, ut se prsepararet, adeoque prseparatus communicaret coenae 
Dominicae, die Veneris primo mensis Martii, quoniam abstinentia sua 
scandalum excitatum fuit in collegio. 

Eodem die idem Edmundus Rockrey requisitus fuit a me prsedicto 
G. Chaderton prsesidente, ut capellse chorum ingrederetur cum super- 
pellicio et caputio suo secundum statutum Academise de vestitii scho- 
larium cap. 46'. tempore publicarum precum matutino, die Domiuico 
quadragesimse primo proxime subsequente, sub periculo incumbente. 

Per me Guilielmum Chaderton. 

Memorandum quod Edmundus Rockrey prsedictus 2°. requisitus 
fuit A°. Dhi 1575 Junii 14. coram omni societate, ut capellee chorum 
ingrederetur cum siiperpellicio et caputio suo juxta statutum acade- 
mioe de vestitu scholarium cap. 49. (sic) tempore publicarvim precum, 
die Dominico proxime prsecedente festum beati Petri apostoli, sub 
periculo incumbente, a me G. Chaderton prsesidente ut supra. 

Eodem die idem Edmundus Rockrey admonitus fait a me G. 
Chaderton pra^sidente 3° coram omnibus sociis ut se prsepararet, 
adeoque ])r8eparatus communicaret Dominicae coense die primo Julii 
proxime subsequente \ sub periculo incumbente. 

Per me Guilielmum CHADERTOif. 

■^ 1 July 1575 was a Friday. Why he should have been twice required to 
communicate on a Friday, is not explained. 



340 

Memorandum quod a". Dui 1575 Julii 8°, Edmundus Rockrey 
admonitus fuit a me G. Chadertou presidente 3° coram omnibus 
sociis ut se prsepararet, adeoque prseparatus accederet in capellse chorum 
Dominica in 17° die Julii proxime subsequente cum supevpeilicio et 
caputio suo juxta statutum de vestitu scholarium cap. 46. tempore jj 
publicarum precum matutino, sub periculo incumbente. ■ 

Per me G. Chaderton. 

On 12 and 19 July 1575 Edmund E,ockrey signed the letters ' 
above given, on behalf of William Middleton. 

During the autumn of 1575 DrChaderton and lord Burghley ( 
being at Theobalds together, the president repeated his com- f 
plaint about Rockrey to the chancellor, who advised him to i 
wait a year. Apparently at the expiration of that term, he i 
addressed (on 24 Oct. 1576) the following letter to lord Burghley. i 
(MS, Baker iv [Harl. 7031]. fo. 190.) 

ISTunquam mihi dubium fuit, Honoratissime Domine, quin arduis 
quotidie atque ambiguis reipublicse negotiis impliceris, a quibus si vel 
tantillum animum tuuni meis literis avocarem, illud mihi capitale 
crimen visum fuit, quo fit ut rarius ad te scribam, quam vel mea 
voluntas vel ofl&cium postulat. Nunc vero, quoniam qusedam mea 
negotia tuam avitlioritatem requirunt atque consilium, et me vicissim 
voluisti tuam Dignitatem certiorem facere de infligendo graviori sup- 
plicio ante latam sententiam, idcirco ausus sum has ad te literas 
dare, nihil magis cupiens, quam ut voluntati tuse morem geram. 

Manet hie apud nos in collegio nostro Rockrseus quidam, Sacrse 
Theologise bachalarius, Honori tuo vir non incognittis, nam ante 
quatuor annos publica regii consilii authoritate e collegio ejectus fuit 
propter contumaciam : rursus vero rogatione tua admissus fuit in 
sodalitium. Is ab eo tempore, non ai-tibus sohim ac cseremoniis 
nostris, sed a commtini etiam vita adeo alienus fuit, ut et plurimos 
bonos viros offenderit, et exemplo malo alios etiam ad eandem ara^Lav 
excitarit. Egi, ut par fuit, cum homine primum amice ac pie, sed 
profeci nihil. Postea {quod statuta nostra postulant) admonui homi- 
nem tribus vicibus, ut se tum in habitu, tum in vestitu, ad communem 
et approbatam Academise consuetudinem componeret : sed vel eccle- 
siastico habitu, vel academic© pileo prorsus recusat indui. Id ego 
superior! anno (cum una tecum Thibbaldii versaremur) significabam 
Honori tuo. Atque tum hoc tuum decretum fuit, ut per annum 
unum improbitatem illam tolerarem, postea vero, nisi se ad Academise 



341 

'morem conformaret, ferrem ex statute sententiam. Sive ergo hoc 
faciendum probas, sive alia quacunque poena afficiendum mones, 
obsequar consilio tuo ; quod ut ad me, vel per literas, vel per nun- 
cium perferri cures, etiam atque etiam Honorem tuum rogo. Non 
enim possum alios in officio atque ordine continere, si quisquam 
libere pro arbitrio vivat, neque certe vim ullam liabiturse Academise 
leges, nisi rebelles et contumaces prjescripta pcena comprimantur. 
Deus Optimus Maximus te et reipublicae et AcademiiB nostr?e, qnse te 
intimo amore complectitur, quam diutissime servet incolumem. 
Cantabrigise ex collegio Reginali. 

Tuse Dignitatis ac valetudinis studiosissimus 

9 Calend. Novemb. 1576. Gulielmus Chadertonus. 

Though at this time filling no college office, Rockrey still 
appears to have been residing in college. 

IV Journale. 1575-76. fo. 114. [April.] Item to Mi- Eockrye for 
preaching the quarter sermon vj^ viij**. 

1576-77. fo. 121. [Feb.] Item for the locke of m^ Eockeries 
garden xvj'\ 

In 1577 he was preferred to a prebend at Rochester, and 
Dr Chaderton soon (probably in October) consulted lord Burgh- 
ley as to his power of retaining his fellowship with the prebend. 
The chancellor, though opposed to it, yet directed the president 
to consult Thomas Wilson one of the secretaries of state 
and Dr David Lewes, who gave it as their opinion that the 
fellowship could not be held with the prebend, au opinion in 
which Dr William Clarke also joined. Burghley then thought 
that Dr Chaderton 'might proceed according to the statute 
without danger to offer the party any injur}?- ;' notwithstanding 
which the master strove to prevail upon Rockrey to resign 
without compulsion. He at first was willing to relinquish his 
fellowship, if the college would elect Thomas Stockden (or 
Stoughton) B.A. in his place, but though Dr Chaderton was 
willing to do so, ' because the young man was of good toward- 
ness,' Rockrey afterwards withdrew his consent, hoping to be 
able to retain his position in the college. He then on 18 Janu- 
ary 1577-8 appealed to the chancellor against the master, but 
professed himself willing to resign, if lord Burghley thought 
the two preferments incompatible, and enclosed in his letter 



342 

'certain articles respecting his right to retain his fellowship 
extracted from the ancient statutes of the university^' (Public 
Kecord office, Dom. Eliz. vol. cxxix. n°. 15. Cal. State papers 
1547-80, p. 616.) 

Most humbly besechetb your Lordship your bounden orat' 
Edmunde Rockreye fellowe of the Quenes Colledge in Cambrydge, 
that where your sayde orat' hathe together with his sayde fellowship 
a smale prebende in the Cathedrall Churche of Rochester which aa 
well by the auncyent Statutes of the sayde Colledge as by the or- 
dinaunces of her m''^^ visitors in the fyrste yere of her reigne, your ij 
sayde oraf^ as he is enformed by men learned in the la we may holde ; 
and retayne together. And yet neverthelesse is diversly molested 
and disquyeted by the M"" of the sayde College for reteyninge his 
seyde fellowship. It may please your honour, to whose judgment 
your sayde orat"" most humbly submyttethe himselfe in this case, to 
peruse the artycles herein enclosed. And yf upon view therof your 
honour shall fynde, that your sayde orat' hathe right together with 
the sayde prebend to keape his fellowship aforesayde, that yt will 
please your honour of your accustomed goodnes to wryte your favor- 
able letters unto the sayde M'^ for your sayde orat" better and 
quyeter deteyninge of the sayde fellowship : if on the contrary 
parte your honour shall thinke, upon perusynge of the Statutes here- 
in enclosed, that your seyde orat' ought not with the sayde prebende 
to reteyne and keape his seyde fellowship, your seyde orat" is content, 
thoughe he be not otherwise yet provyded for necessary maynte- 
naunce, voluntarily to relinquishe the seyde fellowship. And so 
yoiir seyde orat' (wishinge all heavenly benefyttes unto your honour) 
ceasseth further to be troublesom. 

Your honour's most bounde orato' 
Edmunde Rockkey. 

Burghley gave his judgment in a letter of 2 April 1578 
apparently adversely to Rockrey, who replied on 18 April^ 
shewing that other fellows of the college held preferment with 
and without cure of souls, and praying for leave to defend 

1 This letter bears no date, but is endorsed ' 18 January 1578' by a person, 
■who seems to have been in the habit of beginning the year in January and not 
on 25 March. 

2 This letter is not dated, only endorsed. 



343 

himself. (Public Record office, Dom. Eliz. vol. cxxiij. n°. 26. 
Cal. State Papers 1547-80, p. 588.) 

Eight honorable, 

My dutie in moste hnmhle wyse remembred : whereas the 
15*^ daye of this monethe I cam to London purposynge to have gon 
further to Rochester but stayeinge for the confirm acion of absence 
graunted me by the Fellowes of owr Colledge, the which I coulde not 
obtayne, I receaved your honors letter beringe date the 2 of this 
monethe Api-ill contayninge your honors judgment vipon a clause of 
our Statxite and the Visitors tolleration : desyringe notwithstandinge 
your honour further to consyder how that by the Statute there is no 
certayne valuation sett down for the 5 senior Fellows, and that, yf the 
visitor's Decree be but a tolleration and no restrainte of the Statute, I 
am not (as I thinke) to be touched therby, For it is one clause only in 
the Visitors Decree that seamethe to be agaiuste me, which is the ly- 
mitacion of distaunce of place, the which is nothinge prejudicial!, as I 
have partely signyfied already unto your honour, because the Livinge 
is sine cura, and [I] have the judgment and handes of divers learned 
and skilfull in the lawe to approve the same. Also that there is one 
of our fellowes, that hatha had a prebende as muche againste statute 
this 6 or 7 yere, beinge never molested aboute yt, nor so muche as 
called into question. And therfore that there is som secreat cause of 
this my trouble, the which may better appeare to your honour in the 
further tryall of the matter. And lastly that there be other in our 
Colledge that have lyvinges with cure which in value farre passe 
myne, althoughe not so valued, which likewyse by Statute are not to 
be touched, because of the reasonable valuation. So that yf I may 
obtayne the lyke favour I truste by your honour's procurement, to lyve 
quietly and not to be molested, as from tyme to tyme I have bene, 
being keapte backe from suche commodytie and liberty as by order 
or statute I am to enjoye. Therfore I am most humblye to desyre 
your honour to graunte me lycense to use suche meanes as I Chris- 
tianly may and ought to use for my safegarde, the betteringe of 
myne estate, and the finall endinge of lyke controversies hereafter 
and the further manyfestinge of the truthe. For God knoweth my 
desyre is not to have the x-ight in this case sixppressed, but rather 
Injury removed if any be ofiered : and withall (to ende) consyderinge 
that my suyte is not what many in theise days labour for great 
superfluytie, but to keape that which is scarce able (respectinge my 



344 

degree charge and callinge) to putt awaye povertye. Thus I ceasse 
further to trouble your honour desyringe the Lorde to geve you a i 
longe and prosperous lyfe with day lye increase of his blessinges and '' 
in the ende eternall blessednes. 

Your Honour's moste bounden and humble 

Orato'" ^ Edmunde Rockrey. 

Rockrey had also obtained an opinion in his favour from 
W. Aubrey, John Hammond, LL.D., master in chancery and 
chancellor of the diocese of London, and William Lewyn, LL.D., 
the chancellor of the diocese of Rochester, (Cooper, Ath. ii. 
245.) It is unfortunately not dated. (Public Record office. 
Bom. Eliz. vol. ex. n°, 45. Cal. State Papers 1547-80, p. 5-35.) 

Matters seem to have gone on till 23 Jan. 1578-9, when 
Burghley wrote to Chaderton in behalf of Rockrey, to whom 
on 30 Jan. Chaderton replied remonstrating. He detailed the 
whole circumstances of the dispute, and enclosed the college 
statute on the subject and the opinion of the civilians before 
mentioned, and while submitting himself to the chancellor's 
determination, added, ' only I beseech your L. to consider that 
if there should be any extraordinary toleration, first it will , 
touch my oath, being resolved to rest upon these honourable, 
wise and learned mens opinions, 2'^'^ I shall be in danger for i 
not executing the statute upon the offender, 3'*''' I shall daily be i 
molested to grant a continual absence, which will prejudice 
both learning and good manners... and lastly that liberty, which 
is already granted unto the seniors doth greatly hinder the 
preferment of young men.' He concluded with beseeching that 
he might understand Burghley's mind herein at his leisure. 
(Public Record office, Dom. Eliz. vol. cxxix. n°. 23. Cal. State 
Papers 1547-80, p. 617.) 

Rockrey was at this time in college and signed the monthly 
accounts for February, March and April. No further docu- 
ments appear on the subject, but Thomas Stoughton was elected 
fellow on 19 Sept. 1579, and Edmund Rockrey soon retired 
from his fellowship, probably in October 1579, as we find him 
receiving three weeks' stipend in the bursarial year 1579-80, 
and so about Nov. 1579 the college got rid of a troublesome 



345 

member ; by this time however Dr Chaderton had left Cam- 
bridge for the bishopric of Chester. (Mr Cooper states that he 
resigned his fellowship in January 1578-9.) But his troubles 
were not yet at an end. About 1584 he was suspended from 
the ministerial function for four years. It also appears that he 
vacated the canonry in 1587. How he past the next and last 
10 years of his life is not recorded in Cooper's Ath., only that 
he died in 1597, about 55 years old. He is said to have been 
distinguished for his learnmg and abilities, and to have been 
an admired and popuhir preacher\ 



j The following account (taken from MS. Lausdowne xxiv 
art. 20) is transcribed from Cooper, A7in. ii. 347-9 : 

The Minister of Trinity parish was committed to prison by 
the Yice-chancellor and Heads, for having solemnized an irregu- 
lar marriage between Mr Byron of Queens' college and a daugh- 
ter of Mr Beaumont^: two Masters of Arts who were present at 
the marriage, were also committed. The circumstances are 
detailed in the following letter from Dr Goade Vicechancellor, 
to Lord Burghley : — 

My boundeu duty humbly remembred, &c. Ther hath fallen 
"out of late here in Cambridge such an evill example so notoriously 
known, and so neerly touching the credit of the universitie, that I 
have not only thought good to deale therein according as to mine 
joflo^ce dyd appertayne, but also did thiiike it my part and duty therof 
jto advei-tyse your Lordship that you might rather understand the 
truthe from mee then to heare of it by reporte upon uncertaine 
rumors. The matter is touching a seacret contract and mariage 
betweene the soomi and heyer of Mr Jhon Byron of Notiugham- 

1 For great assistance in the case of Eocki-ey, the writer is much indebted to 
the kindness of W. Noel Sainsbiury esq. of the Public Becord office. 

2 A.uthony, eldest son and heir apparent of Sir John Byron, knt., of New-^ 
stead, Nottinghamshire, married Catharine, daughter of Nicholas Beaumont, 
Esq., of Cole Orton, Leicestershire. After Mi- Byron's death, this Lady married 
Hemy Berkeley, Esq., (afterwards Sir Henry Berkeley, Bart.) of Wymundham, 
Leicestershire. — Nichols, History of Leicestershire, ii. 413, iii. 733. 744. 

23 



346 

sheere and a daughter of Mr Beamotinds of Leicestershere sojourninge 

with his family here in Cambridge. To passe over all that went 

before the marriage, by whome and what meanes it was moved and 

procured, bycause I have no certayne knowledge thereof, I will 

breefly certefy your Honor of that which upon examinacion before 

mee hathe been tried and found out to be trew,. viz. That the said 

parties were maryed upon Thursday" being the 24*^^ of this present 

februarie, in Trinitie church, in Cambridge (adjoyninge upon the 

baksyde of the said Mr Beamond's howse) in the presence of 7 

persons with the Ministre, wherof three v,^ere schollers and Masters 

of Art, the other 4 of Mr Beamond's howse, but neither himself 

nor his wief then present in the Churche, thoughe bothe of theim 

were at the same tyme at home or not furth of towne. The 

circumstances may seeme to aggravat the dealing in this contract. 

The place in Cambridge, the yonge Gentleman a great heyer, a 

schollar of Queues Coll edge, a pupill about the age of 19 yeres, 

committed to the charge of a Tutor in the same College, the mariage ^ 

without either consent or privity of the Gentleman's parents or tutor, i 

the solemnizacion close and seacreat without banus or licence for the ' 

ministre to marry theim, the younge gentleman sence conveyed into 

the country wherby I cannot take ordre for the restoringe of him to 

his Tutor untill his father's pleasure be knowen, besyde the greatest 

inconvenience of all (if it fall out trew) of a precontract pretended 

sence the said marriage betweene the said scholler and another yonge 

gentlewoman of the town. This matter beinge in itself evill, in 

common report here very famouse, and in example in this place 

pernitious, besyde the note of infamy herof like to redound to the 

whole university; I thought it my duty (with the advice of y® heads 

of Colleges) to deale therein with some severitie against those three 

Masters of Art who were present & witnesses of the said mariage, 

one of them being the Ministre, whome by the consent of the heads I 

have committed to ward, ther to remayne untill farther ordre shall 

be taken with theim, wherof I thought meet to make your Honor 

pry vie, that if it please your Lordship to appoint and direct how' 

thei shall further be delt with, or ells to leave the ordering herof to 

the heads and mee, upon your Honors pleasure knowen I may be 

ready to do accordingly. So referring the farther relacion of this 

matter to the bearer herof yf it please your Lordship to requier the 

^ There is some mistake as to this day, as it is subsequent to the date of this 
letter. 



347 

Ssame, I comend jonr Honor to allmiglitie God. From Cambridge 

I the Qtliof Febr. 1576. 
f 

Your Lordsbipps most bounden to comaund, 

Roger Goade, Procan. 

I To the right Honourable the Lord Burghley, Lord 
Treasurer of England, and of her Majesties most 
honorable pryvie Counsell yeave theis. 

Anthony and John Byron of Nottinghamshire were admitted 
fellow commoners of Queens' college under Mr Smith on 3 Oct. 
11573 and matriculated Dec. 1573. 




HE following miscellaneous items from the bursars' 
accounts belong to this mastership : 



IV Jom-nala 1568-69. fo. 69. [Jan.] for a Beaver in the Parlor 

after readinge the statutes ij^ 

fo. 71. [June] for a keie for the gate by the cloisters into the 

frieres xij**. 

1569-70. fo. 75. b. [Feb.] Item to .2. for carying earthe from 

D. Stockes grave viij*. 

Item for laying the stone on D. Stokes his grave ij'. vj'*. 

fo. 76. [Apr.] Item for the new bell xviij'. 

Item the cariage of the bell frome London ix**. 

fo. 77. b. [Aug.] Item for the chardges of m' Anger vij dales in ser- 

ching and ordering all the evidence of the colledge . . .xxiiij'. viij**. 

Item gyven hyme for his paynes : xx% 

1570-71. fo. 81, b. [May] Item for vj paper books for terriers 

and byndenge the statute booke vijl iiij''. 

fo. 82. [July] Item for wrighteng the newe statutes iij'. iiij^ 

fo. 82. b. Item the reparation of Hogengton chauncell....xxix^ j"*. 
fo. 83, [Aug.] Item for a marchpayne and a pottle of Ippocras 

for S"^ Thomas Smyth and m' Heneadge xiiij'. viij^ 

1571-72. fo. 87. b. [May] Item to Renolde for our bi-eakfast in 

the visitation of Hogington xiiij^ 

23—2 



348 

Item two black e lethei' jackes for the m' his lodgiage iiij^ iiij*. 

fo. 88. [July] Item francunsence to the buttrey iij*. 

1572-73. fo. 92. b. [Dec] Item for bromes and frankensense for 

the buttrie ij'*. 

1573-74. fo. 98. b. [Sept.] Inprimis ij payre of glowes at my L. |j 

Kepers beinge heare , ix'. ! 

fo. 99. b. [Nov.] Item the presidents expenses in the coUedge |i 

affayeres with S'' Thomas Smith and others xlvj'. viij''. 

fo. 100. [Dec] Imprimis for the statute booke and rentalls viij'\ ■ 

skynnes parchmente v^ iiij''. i 

fo. 103. [July] Item the expenses of Mr Kockerey and Mr 

Jones and one with them, when they wente to surveye the 

colledge lande at Babrahme xix^ x"". 

1574-75. fo. 106. [Dec] Item to m"" Coton for readyng Seaton , 

the first quarter v'. j; 

(This was William Cotton afterwards bishop of Exeter. He lee- || 

tured for the whole of this year and the following.) 

fo. 108. b. [July] Item a free stone to grave the colledge 
armes on iiij°. 

fo. 109. [Aug.] Item to Thomas Graye for makyng pillars to the 
colledg armes thirtene days xiij'. : 

Item to his man twelve dayes x'. 

Item to Theodore for gravyng the colledg armes and lyeng on the 
colors V. 

Item to the same Theodore for graving the pillars, gildyng and li 
castyng on there colors xlv'. j 

1575-76. fo. 111. b. [Sept.] Item spent by the president and 
diverse of the fellowes about the colledge busines with my p 
Lord treasurer iiij^. xviijl viij*. jj 

[Oct.] Item to him that keppe the sti-eetes in the plage time..iiijl j**. 

Item to Mr Some and Mr Rockreyes expenses to Waltome x'. 

fo. 112. b. [Jan.] Item to Waist the joiner for making the col- 
ledg pear tree a joined table v'. 

fo. 113. [Feb.] Item to the french man for dressing the m' Lis ! 
vyne xij dayes worke xij'. ' 

[March] Item for xvij foote of quared stoen for the post of the 
vines frame to stande on v'. viij*. 

fo. 113. b. Item to Robert Gardener carpenter and ij of his men 
for xj deyes woorke setting uppe the frame of the vine in 
the fellowes garden xxvij'. vj**. 



849 

Item to Thomas Thatcher and his man for iij dayes woorke in 

framing the stones to sett the vynes frame on and making 

holes in the wall for the same v". iiij**. 

Item to the frenche man for iij dayes work and a haulfe in setting 

uppe and planting the fellowes vine iij^ vj**. 

Item payed for 3500 privie and one thousand of hunnysucles for 

the iland and other places of the colledge ix'. x^ 

Item to Andrew for keping the colledge gaites iij weekes in the 

plage time xv*. 

Item for nayles for the roses in the fellowes garden v**. 

fo. 114. b. [May] Item to [Arthur Glatior] for new glasse in the 

lover over the hall and mending the librarye windowes x^ 

fo. 115. b. [Aug.] Item to Andrew for keping the gaites in the 

plage time xvj^. 

(The plague was in Cambridge in 1574 from July to September, 
Cooper, Ann. ii. 321 — 4.) 

1576-77. fo. 120. [Jan.] Item to 4 men for watchinge one 

nighte after the fire xviij^ 

fo. 124. [Aug.] Item to Greene the smithe for mendinge the 

locke of the tenisse cou.rte gate vj^ 

1578-79. fo. 132. [5 Nov.] Inprimis a marchepane and hyppocraa 

presented to the L. keper xiij'. iiij*^. 

[17.] Item excedinge the fellowes and schollers the queues 

day ' vij^ vj**. ob, 

fo. 132. b. [Dec] Item pitche and pitcheboards burnt in the 

plagiie time iijs. j^ 

fo. 133. [Feb.] Item to the almesse wemen infected, granted by 

consent xxviij^ ix*^. 

Item a new table for the colledge benefactours and founders... iij^ 
fo. 133. b. [March] Item to olde Gybbons for takinge a bu2;arde...vj'^. 
fo. 134. [April] Item Gibbons for takinge a ringtayle iiij^ 



350 




PF* lumpi^rep Cpntrall. 

3 July 1579— 12 Oct. 1614. 

21 Eliz.— 12 Jac. 1. 

|N the vacancy made by Dr Chaderton's resignation, 
Humphrey Tyndall was elected president 3 July 
1578, being then only about 30 years of age. 

He was a younger son of sir Thomas Tyndall of 
Hockwold Norfolk kt., by his second wife Amye daughter of sir 
Henry Fermor of East Barsham Norfolk kt. The family had 
been settled at Redenhall Norfolk for a hundred years before 
his birth, and before that at Deen Northamptonshire as far 
back as the reign of Edward IV. Sir WiUiam Tyndall of Deen 
married the heiress of Felbrigg Norfolk, and their grandson sir 
William Tyndall K.B. sold his estate at Deen to the ancestor 
of the late earl of Cardigan and settled at Hockwold. His son 
sir John Tyndall K.B., who married Amphelicia the daughter 
of sir Humphrey Coningsby kt., was the grandfather of Dr 
Humphrey Tyndall. 

He was born in 1549, and matriculated as pensioner of 
Gonville hall in Nov. 1555 : his age is not mentioned in the 
matriculation book, but he can only have been 5 or 6 years old. 
We find many examples of matriculation at 10 or 12 years of 
age and even at 8 in the case of Peter Worlich pensioner of 
Gonville hall matriculated in Nov. 1559, but Humphrey Tyndall's 
example is almost if not quite without a parallel. He possibly 
did not come in to residence for some years, as he graduated 
at 16 or 17 years of age. 

He was scholar of Christ's college, and Andrew Willet, An 
Harmonie upon the first Booke of Samuel, Cambr. 1614, fo. 
mentions in the Epistola Dedicatoria to the master, fellows and 



351 

dther members of Christ's college, among members of that col- 
lege who were of note, 'D. Doct. Tyndallum olim CoUegii vestri 
alumnum, Decanum Eliens.' He was elected fellow of Pem- 
broke hall 24 Nov. 1567. He was B.A. 1565-6, M.A. 1569. 
He filled the college offices of junior bursar in 1570 and of 
senior bursar in 1572. In 1572 he with many others signed 
the letter authorizing the proctors to subscribe their names to 
letters directed to certain noblemen 'for reformation of certain 
matters amiss in the new statutes of the university' (Lamb, 
Documents 357,8). 

In 1572 also he was ordained by Dr Scambler, bishop of 
Peterborousfh. 




[iE was chaplain to the earl of Leicester, whom he 
married to the widow of the earl of Essex privately on 
20 Sept. 1578. 

Walter Devereux, earl of Essex died 22 Sept. 18 Eliz. 1576, 
'but not without suspicion of Poison ; and was buried at Caer- 
marthin, in South-Wales. Which suspition did the more aug- 
ment; by reason^ that the earl of Leicester then forsook the 
Lady Douglas Sheffeild (his wife, as 'twas believed by many) 
by whom he had a Son ; and more openly shewed his Love to 
the Lady Lettice, the Widow of this deceased Earl. Whom, 
though (as 'twas said) he had privately Married; her Father 
(Sir Francis Knolles) who well took notice of Leicester's wan- 
dring affections, would not give credit to it; until^ in the 
presence of some Witnesses, besides himself, and a publick 
Notary, he had regularly taken her to wife.' (Dugdale, Bar. 
ii. 178.) 

In the Calendar of State Papers 1581-90, p. 11, we find: 
"13 March 1580-1. Depositions of Ambrose earl of Warwick, 
Eoger lord North, sir Francis Knollys and Humphrey Tyndall 
clerk, relative to the secret marriage of the earl of Leicester 
with Letitia countess of Essex at Wanstead house 21 Sept. 1578." 
Indorsed : " Dy vers notes and coppie of the procedinges of Sr 
Roberte Dudley conserninge his legittymation." 

1 Annal. Eliz. per W. Camd. [fo. Loud. 1615, p. 264, sub anno 1567]. 



352 

The portions, which relate to Humphrey Tyndall, are here 
extracted from the original in the Public Record office [Dom. 
Eliz. Vol. cxlviii. no. 24). 

In Dei nomine, Amen. Per prsesens puhlicum instrumentum 
cunctis evidenter appareat et sifc notum, Quod anno Domini secun- 
dum cursum et compiitacionem Ecclesie Anglicane Millesimo qxiin- 
gente&imo octagesimo, mensis vero Martii die decimo tercio, annoque 
regni illustrissime in Christo principis et domine, Domine Eliza- 
bethe Dei gracia Anglie Frauncie et Hibernie" Regine, Fidei Defen- 
poris &c. vicesimo tercio, in palatio si^e domo communiter vocato 
Leicester Howse prope Temple Barre et extra suburbia civitatis 
London notorie situato, inque presencia mei Edwardi Barker notarii 
publici infrascripti ac testium inferius nominatorum, persoualiter 
constituti honorandi principes Robertus Dudlei comes Leicestrie et do- 
mina Leticia comitissa Essexie, timentes (ut asserebant) ex una [parte] 
ne per intempestivam veritatis detectionem publicara indignationi 
regis aliisque incommodis subjacerent, ex altera ne per supersticio- 
sam ejus suppressionem lionoris jacturam et cobabitationis minime 
caste suspicionem imposterum subirent, ipsorumque liberi (si quos 
fortasse benedictione divina inter se procrearent) per successuros 
lieredes status et legitimationis questionem paterentur, protestati 
punt, Quod lubeutissime cuperent matrimonium inter ipsos alias con- 
tractum et consummatum omnibus palam fieri, sed quoniam id 
(sine summo et certo ipsorum pei-iculo) fieri non posse existimabant, 
rogarunt et requisiverunt me nutarura publicum antedictum, ut 
ipsorum protestationes confessiones allegationes et probatioiies ad 
omuem iuris efFectuui audirem reciperem et inactitarem. Et ne 
qua fraus dolusve huiusmodi ipsorum protestationibus confessioni- 
bus aut allegationibus subesse censeventur, prefati nobilissimi prin- 
cipes, tactis et deosculatis tunc et ibidem per ipsos et eorum utrum- 
que sacrosanctis Dei Evangeliis, iuramentum prsestiterunt corporale, 
protestaciones ipsorum prtecedentes et allegaciones et confessiones 
ipsorum sequentes in omnibus et per omnia veros esse, statimque 
uuanimi consensu fassi sunt et allegarunt prout sequitur, viz. Quod 
ipsi prenominati Bobertus comes Leicestrie et Leticia comitissa 
Essexie ab omni contractu matrimoniali libeii et immunes atque in 
liuiusmodi libertate et immunitate notorie exiateutes, matrimonium 
verum purum et legitimum per verba de prsesenti ad id apta 
mutuum ipsorum consensum bincinde exprimentia ad invicem con- 
traxerunt, Quodque ipsi postea vicesimo primo viz. die mensis Sep- 
tembris anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo septuagesimo octavo 



353 

inatrimonium prsedictum inter ipsos per clericum in sacris ordinibus 
constitu turn, viz. Humfredura Tindall, secundum formamecclesie Angli- 
cane in praesentia nonnullorum testiuni celebrari et solerapnizari 
procurarunt et obtinuerunt, Quodque fuerunt et sunt veri et legitimi 
inter se coniuges, ac a tempore solempnizati inter ipsos matrimonii 
quantum comode potuerunt et ausi sunt cobabitarunt ; atque in pro- 
bacionem pi^semissorum rogarunt me notarium publicum antedictum, 
quatenus iuramentum. deferrem honorabilibus Ambrosio Dudley 
comiti Warwick, Rogero Northe baroni de Kirtlinge, et Fi-ancisco 
Knowelles militi, ipsorum dicta testimonia et deposiciones virtute 
ipsorum iuramenti respective reddendas etiam audirem reciperem et 
ad perpetuum rei geste memoriam inactitarem. 

Ambrosius Dudley comes "Warwick &c. setatis quadragiuta octo 
annorum aut circiter, interrogatus primo de noticia partium, dicit 
quod E.obertum Dudley comitem Lecestrife a tempore nativitatis 
suae et Leticiam comitissam Essexise per viginti annos adminus bene 
novit, ad allegationem vero dicit et deponit in vim juramenti sni, That 
lie beinge brother to the erle of Leicester and very familier with him 
and his affaires, was by him made acquainted with the good love and 
likeinge grounded betweene him and the countesse of Essex and 
lastlie how he was resolved to make her his wief, Wheruppon this 
deponent for the dispatch therof at the request of his said brother 
uppon a Satterdaie (as he now remenibreth) came to Wanisted house, 
her Ma'® then lyinge (so far as he likewise remembreth) at one 
Stoners in Waltham Forrest, in which howse (as he sayeth) and in 
a litle gallery therof, the next morninge followinge beinge (as he 
now remembreth) the xxj* dale of September in anno Dni 1578 
his said brother and the said countesse of Essex were marryed 
together after the order of the booke of Comon Prayers by one Mr 
Tindall a servaunt and chaplein to his brother Leicester, in such 
like manner and forme as other folkes are accustomed to be mar- 
lyed, Att which tyme he wellremembreth S'' Frauncis Kno wiles, 
father unto the Countesse did give her for wief unto the aforenamed 
erle of Leicester in the sight and presence of this deponent, the 
erle of Pem brook e, the lord North, S"" Frauncis Knolles, M'' Tin- 
dall, and M' Pichard Knowlles all which were present and saw the 
said mariage solemnized as he hath deposed 

Humfridus Tindall Clericns in sacra theologia Baccalarius annos 
natus 34 aut circiter, super allegatione prpedicta etiam prsedictus per 
prsefatum Pobertum Dudeley comitem Leicestrium, ac juramento per 
me oneratus corporali de dicendo totam et meram quam noverit in 



354 

praemissis veritatem, taetis prius et deosculatis per ipsTim sacrosanctis 
Dei Evangeliis, dixit et deposuit in vim juramenti sui prout sequi- 
tur, viz: — That uppon a Satterday beinge as this deponent now 
remembreth the twentith daie of September in Anno 1578 The 
I'ight honorable S' Robert Dudeley erle of Leicester brake with this 
deponent beinge then attendaunt nppon him att Wanisted nere 
London as his chaj)lein to thefFect followinge (viz:) He signifyed 
that he hadd a good season forborne mariage in respect of her 
Ma'''^ displeasure, And that he was then for sondry respectes and 
especially for the better quiettinge of his owne conscience determyned 
to marry with the right honorable conntesse of Essex ; But forso- 
much as ytt might not be piiblicqlie knowne without great daunger 
of his estate, he moved this deponent to solemnize a mariage in 
secrett betwene them, and fyndeinge this deponent willinge therunto, 
he appoynted him to attend for the dispatch therof the next morn- 
inge about seven of the clock which he this deponent did according- 
lie, And theruppon betwixt seven and eight of the clock in the next 
morninge beinge Sondaie, this examinat was conveyed up by the 
lord North into a litle gallary of Wanisted howse openinge uppon 
the garden, into which gallery their came within a while after 
togetheir with the aforesaid erle of Leicester, the right honorable 
the erle of Pembrooke, the erle of Warwick and S'^ Frauncis 
Knolles, and within a litle after them the countesse of Essex herself 
attired (as he now remembreth) in a loose gowne, And then and 
their he, this deponent, did with the free consent of them both, marry 
the said right ho: Robert Dudeley erle of Leicester and the ladie 
Lettice countesse of Essex togeither, in such manner and forme as 
is prescribed by the Communyon booke, and did pronounce them 
lawfull man and wief before God and the world, accordinge to the 
usuall order at solemnization of mariages. And further this depo- 
nent sayeth, that he well remembreth M' Erauncis Knolles did at 
that tyme give the said ladie Lettice for wief unto the said erle of 
Leicester; att the solempnizinge of which mariage (as he sayeth) 
were then and their present, and saw and hard the same, besydes the 
parties marryed and this deponent, the right honorable the erle of 
Pembrooke, the erle of Warwick, the lord North, S'' Erauncis 
Knolles and M"" Richard Knolles as he remembreth and no more, 
Et aliter nescit deponere, saveinge that he this examynat was att 
that tyme full minister and had byn ordered by the reverend father 
in God the lord bishop of Peterborough in anno 1572, for proof 



1 



355 

wherof he exhibited at the tyme of this examination his letters of 
orders under the authenticall seales of the said bishop, the tennor 
wherof ensewith yerbatim, viz. : — ' Tenore presentium, ISTos, Ednum- 
dus permissione divina de Burgo Sancti Petri alias Petriburgen' 
episcojjiis notum facimus universis, quod die Jovis (viz.) ultimo die 
mensis Julii anno Dni Millesimo quingen"'" sepuage"" secundo et 
nostre consecrationis anno duodecimo, in capella nostra infra palla- 
tium episcopale Petriburgen', omnes sacros ordines Dei omnipotentis 
prsesidio celebrantes, dilectum nobis in Xpo Humfredum Tindall, de 
vita sua lavidabili morumque et virtutum suorum donis nobis multi- 
pliciter commendatum ac in sacrarum literarum doctrina et scientia 
sufficienter eruditum et a nobis per examinatores nostros approbatum, 
ad sacrosanctum diaconatus ordinera juxta morem et ritum ecclesie 
Anglicane in hac parte saluberrimum editum et provisum admisimus 
et promovimus, ipsumque D' Humfredum Tindall in Diaconium rite 
et canonice ordinavimus. In cuius rei testimouium sigillum nostrum 
presentibus apponi [feciraus]. Dat' mense die loco ct anno predict' etc' 



He was university preacher in 1576. 

On 14 July 1576 he was incorporated at Oxford (Wood^ 
Fasti sub anno 1614). 

He was B.D. in 1577, in which year he was presented by 
his college to the vicarage of Soham Cambridgeshire, on the 
decease of Richard Hebb, and was instituted 18 Oct. ; this pre- 
ferment he held till his death. 

On 14 July 1578 David Yale fellow of Queens' wrote to 
lord Burghley, begging that if Dr Chaderton were made bishop 
of Chester, the earl of Leicester might not be allowed to exert 
his influence over the fellows in favour of Mr Tyndall, whom 
he considered to be unfit to be president on account of his 
youth and his inexperience in college affairs. (Cal. State 
Papers 1547-80, p. 595.) The letter is here given from the 
original in the Public Eecord office {Dom. Eliz. vol. cxxv. n°. 26). 

Etsi non ignorem, Honoratissime Yir,te reiiim civiliiim administra- 
tione omnino negotiosum et in mediis reipublicse procelKs quasi fluctu- 
antem, aliarum rerum non perinde gravium mentione, turbari non 
oportere : fecit tamen et naturae et fortunes tuse fselicitas, in te sole 
clarius elucens, qua et cupis et potes multis benefacere, ut a gra- 



356 

vissimis tuis cogitationibus non dubitem paulisper te avocare. In- 
valuit apud Cantabrigienses opinio, C''"' Chadertonum Cestrensis 
episcopatus dignitate insignitxim iri: hujus autem vicem in collegii 
Reginalis gubernatione, Tindallum quendam Comitis Lecestrensis 
prociiratione snscepturum. Quern propter vitam alioquin et cogni- 
tionem, licet perpauci improbent, tamen, ad gnbernacula Collegii 
adeunda, quippe juvenem et alienigenam iisque rebus minime exer- 
citatum, vix ullus est, qui probat. Quin multi in eodem collegio 
socii et tempore maturiores et collegii status peritiores non desunt, 
quorum sponte et liberis suffragiis (reliquis item sociis eidem adver- 
santibus) locum ilium nisi quod regineam autlioritatem subvereantur, 
ne sperare quidem poterit : opinantur autem omnes et confidentius 
sperant, clarissimum virum Comitem Lecestrensem solutam eorum elec- 
tionem nee concidere, nee labefactare conaturum. Verum enim non de 
Tindallo solum, omnis eorum timor et suspicio nascitur. Quoniam 
enim qui uxorum et liberorum cura conficiuntur, privatse magis 
quam communi plerumque utilitati consulunt, fieret profecto, ut 
hujusmodi prsefectis freti (cum vel de Phrygibus dictum sit sapuisse 
sero) sese omnino sapere non posse perdolerent. Hsec eo pertinent 
ut intelligat Dominatio tua, istius negotii caput et authoritatem 
^pud te plurimum residere; quern omnes et sperant et certo sciunt, 
neminem alium sibi prseficiendum esse curaturum nisi qui et honori 
tuo, et eorum votis ac voluntati commode satisfaciat. Ignosce 
quseso si confidentius quam par fuit, honorem tuum interpellaverim : 
eo me impulit, partim ingenii tui candor et facilitas, partim mea in 
communem caussam pietas, dum quod crebro multorum sermone 
perceperam, id honori tuo significandum esse judicavi. Instigarent 
me fortassis mese ipsixis rationes tuum hac in re patrocinium ad 
meum aliquem fructum obsecrare ; utcumque tamen mea se res 
habet, mallem quidem intelligeret Amplitudo tua, publicse caussse 
potiixs quam privatse omne meum studium et cogitationes intendi. 
Deus opt: max: honorem tuum nobis quam diutissime conservet. 

Bene valeat Amplitudo tua. 
Tuse Dignitatis studiosissimus 
[Indorsed] David: Yalus. 

U Ju: 1578 

David Yale 
That the free election 
of y" m of the Q. Colledg in 
Cambridg may be permitted 
to the fellowes. 




357 

N 8 July 1579 Humphrey Tyndall was elected president 
of Queens' college on the recommendation and through 
the influence of lord Burghley, to whom on 23 Sept. he 

addressed the following letter of thanks (MS. Baker iv [Harl. 

7031]. fo. 183) : 

Illustrissimo viro domino de Burghley, etc. 

Ornatus non ita prideni, Ilhistrissime Heros, insigni tuo prsestan- 
tique beneficio, non esseni studio dignus et Uteris his, in quibiis 
versamur, non liac vita, si posseni vel in ipsa Lethe (turn cum omnia 
mea meque ipsum obhtus essem) tui tamen pietatisque tuse tuorumque 
meritorum oblivisci. Agam itaque illud hoc tempore, licet serius 
forsitan quam debueram, quod mihi singularis cujusdam officii neces- 
sitate impositum est, ut Amplitudini tuse gratias agam, eas si vel ex 
suo, vel ex tuo nierito spectentur, sane perexiguas, si ex vuibus et 
facultate mea mediocres, sin ex studio et voluntate, longe maximas, 
longe inquam maximas, Amplitudini tuse, cujus ego auspiciis, autlio- 
ritati, gi-atia?, honorificentissimse denique literarum approbatioui, 
novse istius dignitatis mese post Optimum Maximum Deum partem 
optimam maximamque debeo. Nam et tantum eas apud socios 
collegii (per te jam) nostri valuisse non dubito, quantum Auglise 
thesaurarius apud Anglos, Academise Cancellarius apud Academicos, 
Csecilius apud bonos omues suo jure valere debuit. Et tarn illustres 
continebant judicii de me tui eTrio-Ty/xao-tas, quantis etiamsi nullo modo 
satisfacere queam (fatendum est enim,) jucundum tamen est ab ilio 
illis insignitum esse, qui sit ipse omnibus et nobihtatis ornamentis et 
virtutum luminibus insignissimus. Ego vero cum ignorare nequeam, 
ipse me noscens, quam nihil in me dignum tali tantoque loco fuerit, 
tribuam authoritati tuse (nobiUssime Burghleie) non meo merito necesse 
est, quod sim in eum, unanimi subselliorum et suffragiorum omnium 
assensu consensuque cooptatus. Quod cum Dominatio tua, nulhs 
quidem familise nostrse erga illam meritis, pi£e tamen patris pro iilio 
petitioni tribuerit, proque illius ad se literas, suas pro me nee minus 
pias nee minus patrem spirantes avraixeiif/aL voluerit, hoc ijjso cou- 
duplicari necesse est meam in agendis gratiis solicitudinem : tauto 
magis hoc, quod omnino fuerit in Tendallo patre ad hsec promerenda, 
sitve in Iilio ad eadem compensanda facultatis. 

Complexus jam fere omnia, Honoratissime Domine, superest ut 
includam hue quoque petition em, ut me ope nunc operaque tua, 
honesto quidem iUo ac splendido, sic est, sed lubrico etiam difficilique 



358 

in loco versantem, authoritatis nunc quoque magisque nunc tuo scute 
a/x^t7repto-T€i/fat digneris : quemque Patronus alumnum pro benigni- 
tate tua tuendum suscepisti ut liumanissimus, Cancellarius prsesi- 
dentem profcegere velis ut, potentissimus. Quod facies tu quidem 
(Clarissime Cecili) cur enim spem ipse meam optimis ominibus non 
prosequar 1 De me vero Honori tuo sic, contestans Deum Immor- 
talem, promitto atque confirmo, me pro imperio tuo, in hac Academia 
cui prsees, prsesisque precor diutissime, obeundo res tuas clientis, 
laborando officiosi bominis, observantia alumni, obsequio servi, 
suscepturum officia atque partes, tuamque me omni in re et vocem 
pro oraculo et nutum pro imperio et voluntatem pro lege perpetuo 
babiturum. Denique, cum ne sic quidem mibi satisfaciam, cumque 
nee beneficii tui magnitudinem, nee voluntatis mese propensionem 
ulla aut officia, aut orationes aut cogitationes gequare valeant, csetera 
supplebo precibus, quas ego ad Deum Optimum Maximum quotidie 
effundam, ut Dominationi tuse tantum vitse curriculum largiatur 
quantum sapientise tuse optatissimum, fructuosissimum saluti publicpe, 
divinse voluntati erga te, misericordise erga nos, convenientissimum 
fore videbitur. Vale. 23 Septembris, 

Tui Honoris observantissimus 

. Umphridus Tendall. 

The following items from tbe college accounts refer to his 
admission to the presidentship : 

IV Journale. 1578-79. fo. 135. [July] Item a key to the newe 

orcharde to our M'' xij**. 

Item a key for bym for the fellowes walkes. viij*^. 

Item exceding in the hall att his admission xyj**. 

In 1582 he was created B.D. 

In 1585-86 he served the office of vice-chancellor. During 
his term of office he was preferred to the chancellorship of 
Lichfield cathedral and prebend of Alrewas, being collated 21 
Feb. 1585-6 and installed 14 April 1586, and at the same time 
also to the archdeaconry of Stafford, offices which he had on 
the promotion of Thomas Beckley to the see of Chichester, and 
which he retained until his death. 

While vice-chancellor, John Smith M.A. was brought before 
him and the heads of colleges at Queens' college in February, 
to answer some questions concerning the Christian sabbath, its 



859 

obligations and its duration, to which a sermon ad clerum 
preached by him on Ash Wednesday had given rise. He under- 
took to repeat his explanations fully in another sermon, which 
was to be first submitted to the vice-chancellor, and as no 
further notice occurs of the affair, his explanation was pro- 
bably considered satisfactory (Strype, Annals; Cooper, Ann. ii. 
415). 

Other matters, in which Dr Tyndal was concerned in his 
official character as vice-chancellor, are recorded in Cooper's 
Annals of Cambridge ii. 416-428. 

He composed the following verses on the death of Sir Philip 
Sidney, which were published with others by different members 
of the university in 'Academise Cantabrigiensis lacrymse tumulo 
nobilissimi equitis D. Philippi Sidneij sacratse, per Alexandrum 
Nevillum.' London, Windett, 16 Feb. 1586-7 (p. 4, 5). 

In ohitum D. Plbilij)})^ ' Sidnei clarisswii 
fortissimique equitis. Carmen. 

Magne Deus, quid magna juvant, et inania mundi 

Gaudia ? quid rerum gestarum laude priores 

Exuperasse duces, famamque sequasse supernis 

Sideribus 1 quid in his opis est 1 quid quseso, quid heec sunt 1 

Magnus Eques, et Marte potens, comitumque duorum, 

Atque equitum totidem clarissimiis occidit hsei'es, 

Occidit heu juvenis, cui clarus et integer eevi 

Sanguis erat, viresque suum teuuere vigorem. 

Occidit, occidit heu, crudeli Marte P7i^7^pp^(s 

Magnus eques, et Marte potens, felicior illo. 

Qui quondam juvenis Macedonica sceptra tenehat ; 

Si patris ante necem media lusisset in aula, 

Parvus Alexander, justo qui tempore posset 

Esse etiam magnus, magnumque referre parentem: 

Occidit heu, corpusque suis exangue relinquens 

Spiritus alta petit, plenoque manentia cornu 

Gaudia in jeternum ter felicissimus haiirit. 

Hum. Tindallus. 

In the same collection we also find verses by two fellows of 
Queens', Miles Sands, and Richard Milborne afterwards bishop 
of Carlisle, the latter in greek. 



360 

Dr Tyndall was collated to the prebend of Halloughton in 
the church of Southwell 7 July 1588; he resigned it in 1599. 

In 1591 or 1592 he became dean of Ely in succession to 
Dr John Bell, who died 31 October, his patent being dated 
17 Dec. 1591 and the mandamus for his installation 18 Dec, 
and also rector of Wentworth in the Isle of Ely, on the pre- 
sentation of the dean and chapter of Ely. He resigned the 
rectory in 1610. 

William Barret (Trin. coll. B.A. 1584-5), fellow of GoDville 
and Gains college, preached a sermon ad clerum for the degree 
of B.D. in Easter term 1595, and was charged with having in it 
preached false doctrines by speaking against the Calvinistic 
view of the divine decrees of predestination. He was induced 
to read a form of recantation, which, in spite of a strong feeling 
against him in the university, he revoked on 2d July. Much 
correspondence passed between the primate, to whom the matter 
was referred, and the university, and Whitgift sent for Barret 
and examined him, and gave his own opinion respecting the 
disputed questions. At last to heal this breach the archbishop 
appointed him to make a retractation drawn up in his own 
terms, which he made about January 1595-6, though even then 
only after some evasive delays. In the following year he de- 
parted beyond seas, and there became a papist. 

In consequence of the agitation which this affair created in 
the university, the vice-chancellor Dr Roger Goad, provost of 
King's college, sent Dr Whi taker, master of St John's college 
and Regius professor of Divinity, and Dr Humphrey Tyndal, to 
consult with archbishop Whitgift and other learned divines 
about these points with a view to allaying these differences. 
The propositions, upon which these divines had agreed, were 
laid before the primate, who modified them and softened them 
down, though even then they were strongly Galvinistic, and so 
did not approve themselves to the queen or the best English 
divines of that time. 

On 20 Nov. 1595 they were drawn up into form, and ap- 
proved of by the archbishop, Richard Fletcher bishop of London, 
and other theologians, and sent to the university, the primate 



361 

requiring that nothing should be publicly taught to the con- 
trary ; but these articles have no claim to be viewed as synodical 
determinations binding on the church, but only (as archbishop 
Whitgift wrote to the university) as the subscribers' private 
judgment, 'thinking them to be true and correspondent to 
doctrine professed in the Church of England and established by 
the laws of the land, and not as laws and decrees.' 

On 12 Dec. 1595 Dr Tyndall and Dr Neville wrote to Mr 
Roger Manners, begging for his influence with lord Burghley, 
the chancellor of the university, in favour of Mr Laurence 
Stanton for the mastership of St John's college in succession 
to Dr Whitaker (Heywood and Wright, ii. 67. Cooper, Anri. 
ii. 465). 

In 1597 he was in the commission of the peace for Cam- 
bridge (Heywood and Wright, ii. 153), in 1607 in the commis- 
sion for the repair of the great bridge (Cooper, An7i. iii. 29), 
and in 1609 in the commission for levying an aid from the 
colleges of the university of Cambridge towards making Henry 
prince of Wales a knight (Cooper, Ann. iii. 31). 

In 1602 he was recommended for the see of Norwich (MS. 
Tanner Ixxvi. 166). 

Under date of 20 Sept. 1604 we find in MS. Tanner Ixxv. 
125 a letter from Dr Tyndall to bishop Jegon of Norwich, ex- 
cusing himself from attending his visitation, Soham then being 
in the diocese of Norwich. 

On 7 Jan. 1604-5 he gave a certificate of the conformity of 
the college to ecclesiastical and academic order, and gave the 
dates of ordination of some of the fellows. 

In 1610 he resigned the rectory of Wentworth, and pre- 
sented to it Daniel Wigmore B.D. one of the fellows of Queens' 
college, who was instituted by bishop Andrews on 2 Nov. 1610 
(MS. Baker xxviii. 129). 

In 1611 Dr Tyndall's death was expected, and it was even 
reported to have taken place ; and a mandate, dated 17 June, 
was sent down to the society for the election of Dr George 
Meriton, who had been fellow of Queens' college from 1589 to 
1600, as president in his room (Cal. State Papers 1611-18, 45). 

24 



362 

. Dr Tyndall died at Ely 12 Oct. 1614 in the sixty-fifth year 
of his age. He was buried in the south aisle of the choir of 
his cathedral. The slab bears his effigy of full size, an inscrip- 
tion beneath his feet, coats of arms at the four corners and a 
square plate above his head, the whole being surrounded by a 
marginal inscription, all on brass plates. 

The marginal inscription is : — 

Ymphridus Tyndall Nobili Norfolciensivm Tyndallokvm | 
familia orivndvs decanvs qvaktvs istivs ecclesi^ obiit xii° die 1 
Mensis Octob. ano Salvtis Millessimo Sexcentessimo Decimo I 

QVARTO ANNO ^TATIS SV^ SeXAGESSIMO QVINTO. j 

I 

The inscription beneath his feet is : — 

i 

YSQVEQVO DOMINE YsQUEQVO j 

The Body op the woorthy & Reverende Prelate 
Vmphry Tyndall, Doctor of Divinity the fovrth Dean 
of this Chvrch and master of Qveenes Colledge in 
Cambridge, doth heere expect y= coming of our Saviour 

In presence, gouernment, good actions and in birth, 
Graue, wise, couragious, Noble, was this earth. 
The poor, y^ churcli, y® colledge saye here lyes 
A friende, A Deane, A maister, true, good, wise. 

The four coats at the corners of the composition are : 

i. (At the top on the dexter side) 

Quarterly: 1 and 4 (argent) on a fess (sable) three garbs 
(or) for Tyndall. 2 and 3 (argent) a fesse dancettee, in chief 
three crescents (gules) for Deen. 

ii. (At the top on the sinister side) 

Party per pale : 1. Quarterly: Tyndall and Deen, impaling, 
2. Russell: a lion rampant, on a chief three escallops. 

iii. (At the foot on the dexter side) 

Party per pale: 1. Deanery of Ely: (gules) 3 keys in pale, 
2 and 1 (or), impaling, 2. Quarterly: 1 and 4 Tyndall, 2 and 3 
Deen. 



363 

iv. (At the foot on the sinister side) 

Party per pale : 1. A boar's head fessewise on a crozier and 
pastoral staff saltire-wise, impaling, 2. Tyndall and Deen quar- 
terly. 

On the square plate above his head is a shield of six coats : 
1. Quarterly: Tyndall and Deen. 2. Bigod: (or) a cross 
(gules). S. Felbrigg: (or) a lion rampant (gules). 4. Scales: 
(gules) six escallops (argent). 5. Ufford: (sable) a cross en- 
grailed (or). 6. Mondeford: (argent) 3 fleur-de-lis (gules). Over 
all a crest of six feathers. 

Besides the part that he took in the drawing up of the 
Lambeth Articles, his work in the university seems to have 
been mainly of an official character. Few of his letters are 
extant, and no literary works. 

He was succeeded at Soham by Thomas Muriel, who was 
presented 28 Dec. 1614. 

By his will, dated 12 March 1613-4, and proved 13 Dec. 
1614, he bequeathed to the college library all his books in folio, 
which it did not already possess, in number 58. He also gave 
to the college for the use of his successors 'all the seeling and 
waynscoting of his 'chamber and lodging, which... amounted 
to £250 or thereabouts, more than' he had 'received from the 
college or any other benefactors towards the same.' 

His will is here transcribed from MS. Baker xxvi. 123 : 

The last will and Test, of Humfrye Tindall 
made the xii*'' day of March 1613. 

In the name of God, Amen. I Humfrye Tindall Dr in Divinity 
and president of the Queens college in Cambridge, Dean of Ely, 
being of good memory, the day and year above written do make 
and ordain this my last will and testament in manner and form 
following : First my soul into the hands of my only Saviour and 
Redeemer Jesus Christ, and my body to the grave, there to rest 
until the day of judgment. And for my funeral 1 leave it to the 
discretion of Jane my wife, to be buried according to my calling. 
Item I give to the president and fellows of Queens college in 
Cambridge to my successors use all the ' seeling ' and wainscoting 
of my chambers and lodging I have, which (I take) amounteth to two 

24--2 



364 

hundred aud fifty pounds or thereabouts more than I have received 
from the college or any other benefactors towards the same. Further 
I give to the use of the society of Queens college aforesaid all my 
books in folio which are not in the library already, there to be 
maintained according to their appointments, or the more part of 
them. Item I give and bequeath to the poor of Ely ten pounds of 
lawful English money to be employed to their use, at the discretion 
of the dean and chapter of the cathedral church of Ely, so as the 
same may continue to the use of the said poor for ever, in such 
manner as the said dean and chapter shall think good in their 
consciences to ordain. Item I give unto my sister Upcher during | 
her natural life all my household stuff and other moveable goods, 
which I have in the vicarage house of Soham and after her decease 
to Amie Coxie her daughter, except the portals and wainscot and | 
glass in the windows, which I give to my successors to remain in [ 
succession to the use of the vicar of Soham aforesaid for the time 1 
being for ever. Item I give to Joan my loving wife the copyhold 
which I have in Sutton, which my brother Upcher hath taken up in 
trust for me, and for my use, with all commodities and appertenances, 
that now do, or hereafter may belong thereunto. Item I give to 
Joan my wife thirty pounds of lawful English money due upon a bond j 
by Thomas Taylor of Lichfield gentleman, within three months after" j 
my decease, as more at large by the said bond appeareth. I do also ' 
give unto Jane my wife all the rest of my goods and chattels what- 
soever unbequeathed as well that I have in mine own right, as that 
others have in trust for me. And I make the said Jane my wife sole j 
executrix of this my last will and testament, hereby revoking and '' 
utterly disannulling all former wills heretofore by me made. And 
I do appoint my brother Mr Francis Tindall supervisor of this 
my last will and testament, by whose advice I would have my 
said wife to be ruled and counselled, as being assured he doth 
love me and mine well and that he will shew that at his death. 
And I give to him for a remembrance of me my seal ring. These 
being witnesses to this my said will, whose names are hereunder- 
written 

John Davenant, Ro. Newcome, Nicholas Frithe. 

His will was proved in London 8 Oct. by his widow and 
again in Cambridge 13 Dec. 1614 before William Smyth S.T.P. 
surrogate of the vice-chancellor, Dr Samuel Harsnet bishop of 
Chichester. 



365 

Dr Tyndall married Jane daughter of Robert Russell (fourth 
son of Thomas Russell of West Rudham Norfolk) and his wife 
Jane sister of sir William Drury of Hawstead Suffolk. She 
survived the dean, and married secondly Henry Jay alderman of 
London, and thirdly sir Henry Duke of Cossington Kent, kt. 
(Herald. Visitation of Norfolk in 1563 with additions. MS. 
Harl. 6093. fo. 138.) 

The following items in the college accounts refer to her: 

V Journale. 1614-15. fo. 155. [Oct.] Item paid to M"^ Tyndall 

for stuffe in y® lodginge 9'\ 19^ 

fo. 156. [Feb.] It. to M™ Tindall for Pewter for o'. M'... 4". 10'. 

It. to the man John w"^ he payed for brmging y^ pewter 

from El^'e 2^ 

In MS. Baker vi. 276 is a short list of the masters of 
Queens' college compiled by Thomas Fuller. In it he says : — 

I58I. Umphred. Tyndall Decanus Elien. Magister eligitur» 
Hie uxori suas (quam senex duxerat) nimis iudulsit, 
non sine Collegii detrimento, csetera satis laudaudus. 

In the parish register of Hockington under the year 1593 
we find the following entry: 'Maste'' Maste'' was maried the xx 
day of Decembe^' This Cole conceives to apply to the Master 
of the college Dr Tyndall: if however he was born in 1549 he 
would at this time be only 44 years of age, which does not 
agree with Fuller's statement 'quam senex duxerat.' Fuller 
is wrong in the date 1581 as he became president in 1579. 

Of any children the following trace alone has been found 
among the burials registered at St Botolph's church Cambridge: 
'Johannes filius Umfridi Tyndalli Decani Eliens. sep. 12". Febr. 
1610.' Morant {Hist, of Essex, ii. 280) says however, that he 
had several sons, who all died without issue. None seem to 
have been alive when he made his will. 

There was another Humphrey Tyndall uncle to the president 
grandson to sir Humphrey Conyngsby whom in his will dated 
26 Nov. 1535 he styles his 'coz. and godson.' He was probably 
the vicar of Wellinger (Wellingore) Lincolnshire, who is author 
of a rhyming prophecy in MS. Harl. 24. n". 3. 

He had a sister Ursula, who is buried at Ely, with the follow- 



866 

ing inscription on a brass plate affixed to a stone between the 
monuments of bishop Heton and bishop Gunning (Bentham, 
Ely, App. 48) : 

Yet a very little, And He that will come shall come 
The Speritte and the Bride say come 
Lett him that heareth say come 
And lett him that is athirst say come 
Even soe come, Lord Jesu &c. 

{Ttndall by birth 
CoxEE by choice 
TJpcHER in age and for comfort. 
Anno ^tatis 77. 

In the II Leasebook fo. 325 is a lease of land at Coton to 
' Edward Upcher and Ursula Upcher, the no we wife of the said 
Edward of Sohame' dated 4 Oct., 6 James I. 1608. She died 
in 1628, and her will which was dated 12 Dec. 1628 was proved 
9 Jan. 1628-9. She had by her first husband a son Humphrey 
Coxey who was entered as a pensioner at Queens' in 1611 and 
who was living at the time of his mother's death ; a daughter 
Amie, mentioned in her uncle's will, who married William 
Hitch, clerk, who had been admitted sizar of Queens' college 
1 May 1606. 

The dean had two brothers Francis and John, 

Francis Tyndall, who was of Lincoln's Inn, held leases of some 
college estates in 1587 and 1590, and was also one of the two 
auditors of the college in 1611 (II Leasebook p. 167, 187, 164, 
189, 295, 320 b). He is later described as of Pinner Middlesex 
esq. or of Harrow on the hill. He died unmarried 1631, and by 
his will dated June 1626 he left to Queens' college £40 to buy 
a bason and ewer, or otherwise to be bestowed to the use of the 
college as it shall please the master, and £5 to be distributed 
among such poor scholars of the college, as the master should 
think fit. Dr Martin gave a receipt for the money on 7 Nov. 
1632 (MS. Addit. 4276. Ayscough Cat. p. 798, n". 28). 

John Tyndall of Great Maplestead Essex esq. was appointed 
steward of the courts 1598. He was LL.D. of Lincoln's Inn, 
master in chancery, and was knighted 23 July 1603. He 



867 

married Anne daughter of Thomas Egerton, widow of William 
Deane esq. He and his son Arthur were appointed jointly stew- 
ards 1614 (II Leasebook, fo. 319. 321 b). He had another son 
Deane Tyndall of Queens' college who died 1678, aged 92. Sir 
John Tyndall was murdered 12 Nov. 1616 by John Bertram 
gent, for giving judgment in a cause against him (Morant, 
Essex, ii. 280, 281). 

The pedigree of Dr Humphrey Tyndall is as follows.* 

Robert Tyndall, of Tonsover Northants, temp. H. III. et E. I. 

Robert Tyndall, temp. E. 1 1. 

William Tyndall, ob. 40 E. III. 
= Elizabeth d. and coh. of Henry de Dean, of Dean Northants. 

I 
John Tyndall, d. 1 H. V. 

Sir William Tyndall, d. 1427, 
= Alana d. and h. of sir Simon de Felbrigg, d. 1458. 

Thomas Tyndall, d. 1451, 
= Margaret da. of sir Will. Yelverton. 

Sir William Tyndall, b. 1443, d. 1498, 
= Mary da. and h. of Osbert Miindeford of Hockvvold, esq. 

Sir John Tyndall, b. 1488, d. 1539, 
= Amphelicia da. of sir Humphrey Coningsby. 



1" Anne da. = Sir Thomas = 2" Amy da. of sir Humphrey 



of William 
Paston 



Tyndall | Henry Fermor 
of East Barsham 



William Tyndall Sir John Humphrey Francis Susan Ursula 
of Hockwold, Tyndall dean of Ely Henry 
d. 1591 



MONGST the later Masters of this Colledge' (says 
Fuller) 'Dr Humphrey Tyndall Dean oi Ely must not 
be forgotten, of whom there passeth an improbable 
tradition. That in the reign of Queen Elizabeth he was prof- 
fered by a Protestant Party in Bohemia to be made King 
thereof Which he refused alleadging That he had rather he 
Queen Elizabeths subject than a forain Prince. I know full 
well, that Crown is Elective. I know also for some hundreds 



368 

of years it has been fixed to the German Empire. However 
because no smoak without some fire or heat at least ; there is 
something in it, more than appears to every eye. True it is 
that he was son to Sir Thoynas Tyndall of Hockwold in Norfolk, 
and how Bohemian blood came into his veins I know not. 
Sure I am he gave the arms of Bohemia {viz.) Mars, a lyon 
with forked Tayle Luna, crowned Sol, with a Plume of Estrich- 
feathers. for a Crest' {Fuller, Hist, of the University sub anno 
1447). 

Bohemian blood there certainly was in Dr Tyndall, for 
Alana his ancestress was daughter of sir Simon Bigod de Fel- 
brigg 8(!nd his wife a lady named Margaret, who on their common 
brass at Felbrigg is described as ' nacione et generoso sanguine 
Boema.' What the actual pedigree of Margaret de Felbrigg was, 
the lack of historical monuments makes it difficult to decide. 
One of the Tyndall family, Thomas Tyndall of Eastwood, re- 
sided in France in the latter part of queen Elizabeth's reign 
from 1586-1600, and while there was a political agent or spy 
of lord Burghley's. He drew up a pedigree of his family, (now 
in the possession of John Warre Tyndall esq. of Perridge House 
Somersetshire), and in it thus describes his ancestress Margaret 
de Felbrigg: 

' Margaret daughter and heir of Semovitz duke of Teschen 
[in Silesia] by Elizabeth daughter of John [Count] of Luxem- 
burg... and of his wife Elizabeth queen of Bohemia; the said 
Elizabeth being sister of Charles the 4th, Emperor, and aunt 
unto Wenceslaus and Sigismund, Emperors, and of Anne 
Queene of England, married to Richard 2nd : so that Queen 
Anne and Margaret were right cousins germaine. This Mar- 
garet came over with Queen Anne, and married with Sir 
Simon Bigod of Felbrigg K.G, standard bearer of England in 
the reign of Henry 5th. Wenceslaus and Anne died without 
issue. Sigismund married Barbara daughter of the Earl of 
Cilya in Transilvania [Hermann II. count of Cilly in Styria]... 
who bare him a daughter married to Albert Duke of Austrish, 
who thereby intruded into the kingdom of Bohemia with her 
posterity. But — as Munster sayth — they of Austrich clay me 
Bohemia by a deed of Transaction, whereby it was conditioned 



I 



369 

and agreed [1515] that whichever house died first without 
male issue, the other should succeed. But the States of 
Bohemia sent to present the kingdom to Sir John Tyndall K.B., 
as his right by his great grand mother Margaret of Teschen. 
He accepted the ornaments of a King, but refused the kingdom, 
to the ruin of his ancient and honourable house. The Baroii 
of Slavatta in Bohemia told me in Paris, that of right a 
Tyndall should be their king. And when Truccesse Arch- 
bishop of Cologne forsook the Pope in hopes by 4 electors to 
choose a K. of Romaine against the house of Austria, William 
Tyndall the son of the last sir Thomas was sent for to the 
Court of England with intent to set up his title, but Truccesse 
being thrust out of Colon, that plot fell to the ground.' 

These ornaments are described by Blomefield (Norf.), as the 
Crown, Bobes, Bed and Cloth of State ' which remained in the 
hands of his descendants.' 

Sir William Tyndall, elder son of sir Thomas, says in his 
will dated Sept. 1591 and proved 8 Oct. 1591 in London Reg. 
of H.M. court of probate (St Barbe fo. 72), ' I bequeath to my 
brother John of Lincolns Inn [afterwards sir John Tyndall] 
my bed called the Bed of Bohemia.' 

Semovitus or Ziemovitus was the brother of Przimislaus 
duke of Teschen 1358-1400, who was the ambassador of 
Wenceslaus king of the Romans and of Bohemia to England 
to conclude the treaty of marriage between his sister Anne 
and Richard II. of England. Przimislaus is mentioned in very 
many documents in Rymer (Vol. vii. p. 283 ff.). Queen Anne 
of Bohemia and her mother Elizabeth of Pomerania speak of 
Przimislaus as ' consanguineus noster,' and king Wenceslaus as 
'sororius noster.' In default of other evidence these expres- 
sions may be explained by the following relationship taken 
from Balbinus {Miscell. Hist. Bohemice — in genealogiis) viz. that 
Wenceslaus Y. King of Bohemia, brother of Elizabeth who 
was grandmother of Ann Queen of Richard II., married Viola of 
Teschen, aunt of Przimislaus and Ziemovitus. Ziemovitus was 
lord of Glogau in Silesia and died in 1381 without male heirs 
(Zedler's Universal Lexicon, [fo. 69 vols. Halle 1733-54] vol. ...), 
so that apparently he was married and had at least one daughter.. 



370 

But Palacky {Geschichte von Bohmen, ii. 2. (1850) gives the 
pedigree of tlie house of Luxemburg very minutely, and from 
this it appears, that Elizabeth the sister of Charles IV. was 
born 27 March 1323 and died ... Aug. 1324. 

Other authorities make Margaret the daughter of Pre- 
mislaus duke of Teschen. She died 27 June 1416 (or 1413). 

Sir Henry Spelman (born 1562) in his 'Icenia sive Norfolcise 
descriptio ' says 'Hinc in boream Mari vicinior habetur Felbrigg; 
Nomen et Sedem prsestans vetustse et effoetse Familise Felbrig- 
gorum; e qua D, Simon de Felbrig, Eques inter nostrates 
celeberrimus, Connubio potitur Margaretse, Filise Ducis Thasse, 
Regis Bohemise Nepotis, h qua Alanam Filiam et Hseredem 
suscitavit, nuptam Gulielmo Tyndall, Patri Thomse Tyndall, qui 
genuit Gulielmum Tyndall, ad creationem Arthuri Principis 
Wallige Balteo cinctum militari [29 Nov. 1489], et jure Mar- 
garetse Proavise suse Hseredem Regni Bohemise denunciatum. 
Sic Heraldorum nostrorum Fasti ; sic — me puero — fama Celebris.' 
{English Works, fo. London, 1723. p. 152). 

The Jesuit Giovanni Botero (Benetensis, born at Bene in 
Piedmont in 1540) wrote a work on the history and geography 
of the world, Relazioni universali (4°, Rome 1592), which passed 
through many editions and was translated into many languages. 
A geographical work founded on this was published by Robert 
Johnson in 1613, and of this an enlarged edition appeared (4°, 
London 1630) under the following title. Relations of the most 
famous kingdomes and commonwealths thorowout the world. Of 
this book the following is an extract: 

'The people of Bohemia ... are divided in opinion of Re- 
ligion, the Protestants of the Augustane confession being so 
potent, that they were able to chuse a King and to put out the 
Emperour. Their Kingdom is meerely elective, although by 
force and faction now almost made hereditary to the house of 
Austria, which it seems it was not, when as within these two 
Ages, that State made choice of one M. Tyndall [Sir Thomas 
Tyndall] an English gentleman father to M. Doctor Tyndall 
Master of Queenes College in Cambridge, sending over their 
Ambassadors to him, and by them their presents, which story is 
'famously known at Cambridge' (p. 276). 



371 

This tradition is probably the foundation of Fuller's state- 
ment, whose History of Cambridge was not published till 1655 ; 
there is however no trace of it in the original or in the latin 
translation, [Boteri (Joh.) Imperioriim Miindi Catalogus et 
descriptio. 8", Colonise 1613], or in Johnson's work. 




N 1580 the brewhouse of the college was built, the ex- 
pense being defrayed by the produce of the sale of a 
number of large trees cut down about the college. 
Having been informed of the felling of the trees, lord Burghley 
wrote to the college, who on 18 Jan. 1579-80 answered his 
letter, expressing their regret that his directions had not been 
received in time to prevent it, and explaining the object of 
their proceedings. On 22 Jan. Dr Chaderton bishop of Chester 
wrote to Burghley, regretting the reckless felling of the woods 
belonging to the college, but mentioning 'a longe row of very 
fayre ashes' that yet remained, and so strongly did he feel on 
the subject, that he wrote again on 23 Jan. lamenting the sale 
of the trees, 'the ornament, bewty and defence of the colledge,' 
and. hoping that Lord Burghley would preserve 'the long row 
of goodly ashes ' (Calendar of State Papers 1547-80, pp. 643, 
644). 

Upon this Burghley wrote to Dr John Hatcher the vice- 
chancellor on 24 Jan. 1579-80, directing him to investigate the 
matter. His letter, the vice-chancellor's reply dated 3 Feb. and 
the explanation made by the college, which he sent to the 
chancellor, are here given from MS. Baker xxix. 394, 395. 

To my very loving friend Mr Dr Hatcher viceclian. &c. 

After my hearty commendations. When I wrote my letters of late 
to the master and fellows of the Q. college to stay the fall of certain 
woods, growing within the precinct and view of that college, mis- 
liking greatly that any svich attempt should be made there, upon any 
colour or pretence whatsoever without good advice and approbation 
first had of the same; who as I vuiderstand by your answer have so 
far proceeded ua their bargain, that they cannot well of themselves 
revoke the same, and have suffered some fall to be made of part of 



372 

the same woods whicli is now past help to remedy; and yet never- 
theless do pretend, that the most part thereof were sere trees, not 
like long to continue, and that they made sale for a public benefit 
to the house towards the erecting of a Brewhouse which they allege 
is the excuse and defence of their doings, I have thought good, 
for the better preservation of these woods, that yet remain uncut 
down, to pray you to take the pains with the assistance and advice 
of such others as you shall think good to use therein, to view the said 
woods or other trees, serving for the defence of the buildings or other 
commodity of the walks for the students, and to take order to stay 
the fall thereof by your authority; as also to pi-ovide that the spring 
of such as shall be thought more convenient to be felled, may be pr'e- 
served if they be likely to grow again, or else that new be planted in 
their places, that there may remain as much thereof, to the ornament 
of the college, as may be, and the residue to be supplied by good pro- 
vidence, to leave a hope of like ornaments to the posterity : and in 
no wise to permit any more to be felled, than is fallen, which may 
be thought like to have any continuance, inhibiting them in my name 
to fell any of those which you shall think fit to be preserved. And 
for their pretence of a brewhouse I understand by my L. of Chester 
late M"" there, that he left the college in so good state, and so before- 
hand, as they might easily have broTight that thing to pass, without 
any such device as this, of the stock of the college, whereby I con- 
ceive rather, that it proceeded of some greedy covetousness and of 
private respects ; whereof T pray you also to enquire, for that the 
contrary is pretended, and to advertise me hereafter, as you may 
conveniently, as well of your proceedings herein, as of your opinion 
touching any other matter that concerneth this cause. A.nd so giv- 
ing you thanks for the great pains you took in bearing of my burden 
there, I bid you heartily farewell. From the court at Westminster 
this 24th of January 1579 

Your assured friend 

"W. BURGHLY. 

My bounden duty most humbly remembered. It may please your 
good Loi'dship to understand that after T had received your honorable 
letter, dated the 24th of Jan. concerning the fall of certain ti-ees 
within the precinct of the Queens college in Cambridge, I went thi- 
ther to view the same, which I did that I might consider thereof 
before I called any assistants. And shortly after I went thither 



373 

at two several times accompanied with assistants, viz. Drs Pearne, 
Still, Howland, Harvie, and Binge, where we found that some trees 
were felled in divers places and carried away : whereof it appearetli 
by the stiibbs that many of them were sere trees, and most of them 
that are yet standing, notably putritied, not like long to continue. 
Wherefore we thought good for a further trial and consideration to 
send for one of the skilfnllest men in such things, that dwelleth near 
nnto Cambridge. And after good deliberation had, as well for the 
preservation of the new spring which shall come thereof, as for the 
fall of the said trees, we concluded and set down in writing our minds 
plainly, as well for those trees which shall stand, as those which are 
already fallen and to be felled, and the preservation of the spring 
thereof. There is a great long rowe of trees, most ashes, growing 
round about the whole precinct of the said ground, which (although 
many of them be ' fawtie ') we suffer to grow still for the defence of 
the buildings, hortyard, and walks, and the comliness thereof to the 
use of the students, until the new spring shall be grown. We also 
called before us all the fellows of the said college, whom we find to 
agree in one voice, that the fall of the said wood was made of the 
master and them all upon great deliberation and not for any respect 
of private gain, to the master or any of them, as it may please your 
Honour further to be certified by certain articles, set down by them 
\ipon our examination written by Mr Stokes a ' Regester,' where- 
with we thiiik your Honour will be satisfied and contented with 
the doings of the said master and fellows, whom we find very careful 
of the said college in all respects. Thus being loth to trouble your 
Honour any longer, I take my leave. 

Cambridge the third day of February. 

Your Lordship's unworthy deputy 

[Jo. Hatcher.] 

The answer of all the fellows of the Queens College in Cambridge to 
the contents of the Lord Treasurer's letter, sent unto Mr Dr 
Hatcher vice-chancellor, made the 3rd of February 1579. 
The sale of the wood was made by the assent and consent of the 
master and all the fellows, which was done by the advice before had, 
of the best and skilful woodmen, that were dwelling about Cam- 
bridge, both for such trees, as were to be cut down, as for such as 
were thought good for the defence of the college and the main- 
tenance of the spring. 



374 

This agreement was not made for any respect of any private 
gain to the master or any of the fellows, but only to and for the use 
of the college, and towards the setting up of a brewhouse and furni- 
tiire of the same. 

They have felled no wood or made any sale or made any profer of 
sale, in any place, except this within their college precinct, since the 
coming of Mr Tyndall to be master of the college. 

As for the state of the house or college, they answer that at the 
admission of Mr Tyndall into the mastership, there was found in the 
treasury but 30'"'' only, which was part of such money as one Mr Wil- 
shaw had given for the foundation of two scholarships in that college, 
and they were then indebted unto the said Mr Wilshaw 40"^ more, 
which was before the admission of Mr Tyndall laid forth for and in 
necessary uses of the college. 

Also they further say that the yearly rent or revenues of their 
lands will not discharge the ordinary and yearly charges of the col- 
lege, insomuch that their Recepta forinseca this year added to their 
revenues, the college was indebted to their Bowser or Thresurer in 
18^'^ : 18' : Q*! ob : upon his account. 

Wood appointed to be felled within the Queens college precinct by 
Mr Dr Hatcher vice-chancellor and his assistants, viz. Doctors 
Perne, Still, Howland, Harvie and Binge. 

All trees standing between the orchard and the outer pale from 
the wall and gate of the pond yard unto the pale at the common, and 
their great bridge-foot to the orchard, saving the oaks and walnut 
trees to be cut down. 

And from the said pale to the south pale, except the oaks to be 
felled, being within the pale. 

With provision, that the springe may be kept and preserved. 



According to the Form for the Commemoration of Bene- 
factors (4° Cambridge 1823) John Josselyn M.A., who had been 
fellow of Queens' from 1549 to 1557, and who afterwards was 
archbishop Parker's latin secretary (Cooper, Atli. ii. 366), gave 
£100 to the college for founding a Hebrew lecture about the 
year 1580. This benefaction was applied to the building of the 
Walnut-tree Court, in 1618, and the lecturer's salary was 
charged on the rents of the rooms (Old Parchm. Reg. 8). 

In 1581 occurs the latest notice of Mr Thomas Pecocke 



I 



375 

president of Queens' college from Oct. 1557 to May 1559. On 
23 Oct. of that year he gave £20 to the corporation of Cam- 
bridge, the burgesses covenanting to give 16s. a year to the 
poor prisoners in the Tolbooth. As he took the degree of B.A. 
in 1533-4, probably at the age of 17, he would be at this time 
about 64 years old. 

Dr Nicholas Eobinson Bishop of Bangor died in 13 Feb. 
1584-5. He had been fellow of Queens' college from 1548 to 
1563 (Cooper, Ath. i. 503-5). 



In 1585 there was a difference of opinion between the 
fellows and the president, the former wishing to elect Alexander 
Eichardson fellow, the latter being opposed to his election. 
The fellows wrote to lord Burghley on 26 March, the president 
in reply to Burghley on 9 April 1585 giving his reasons for this. 
The two letters are here given from MS. Baker iv. fo. 184, 
185. 

Illustrissimo viro domino de Burgliley, etc. 

E Reginali Collegio 26 Martii, 1585. 

Vixit inter nos per sex fere annos, Illustrissime Mecaenas, et ita 
vixit Alexander Richardson, ut prseter immensos labores in studiis 
positos et fructus inde ubei-rime perceptos, pietatem semper coleret et 
probitatem singularem. Cujus ergo cum sesquialtera societatis pars, 
eidem nee amicis, nee genere, nee patria, nee scriptis cuiquam com- 
mendato, sine omni ambitii op time velit : omnesque domi manentes, 
tribus vel ad summum qnatuor ex integro numero exceptis in alium 
viz. cum Prsefecto propensioribus, chirograpbis illud suis testati sint, 
Petimus, alumni tui, et obnixe in Domino contendimus, Amplissime 
MoucnjyeVa, ut vel Uteris tuis Prsefectum flecteres, vel vim illam 
negantem, qua premi videamur, summse sequitatis et prudentis tuse 
septis definires. 

Tuse deviuctissimi Amplitudini 

GuiL. MiDDLETON, Andr. Arnold, Jno. Smithus, Rich. 
Sparke, Henricus Godly, Zachary Steward, Thomas 
Brightman, John Seaman, Richardus Bateman. 

My dutie in most humble wyse unto your Ld** remembred. I 
have receaved lately your Honours letters, by w* yt seemeth your 



376 

LdP conceavetli hardly of me, that I should not yeald to j' choise 
of one Alexander Richardson to be fellowe of our house, having a 
suflScient number of voyces for his election. May yt therefore please 
your Hon. Ld'' to understand, that the place now voyde was resigned 
up by one M"" Stoone, chaplain to my Ld. Chancellor, upon the 
motion of his Lorde, in my hands, in behalf of one Astiil M"" of 
Arte with the condition that yf the said Astiil enjoyed yt not, the 
partie that resigned shuld resume his place againe, as appeareth by 
an instrument under the hand of a publique notarie. The case so 
standing, yt were hard dealing for me, both to put IVr Stone by his 
place, and not to pleasure hym, for whose cause yt was resigned into 
my hands. And further, yf that extremitie shuld be shewed, neither 
to suffer him to enjoy his place againe neither to pleasure him, for 
whose cause the place was made voide, yt hath pleased the Queens 
Maj. to recommende one Dammeporte unto us to be chosen Fellow of 
our coUedge, who is to be considered of before any other, especially 
having been required severall tymes to accomplish her Maj*'^' pleasure 
thei-ein. I trust therefore that your Ld^ seeth that I have just 
cause to stand for the choise of Astiil, knowing him to be of honest 
behaviour, of great towardnes in learninge, and now ready to enter 
into the studye of Dyvinitye, whereas the other is but a bachelor of a 
yeares standing, and may hereafter in his due tyme be considered of 
And thus claiming most humbly of your L : for the more quiet 
and peaceable government of the colledge, which hitherto I have 
enjoyed, that the younger sorte may not receave anye incouragement 
by your Honours favour, contentiouslye to stand in a reasonable 
cause, being also ready to attend upon your Honor, to shew farther 
just causes of my not yeldinge, yf your Ld'^ so require, I humbly take 
my leave, y^ 9**^ of Aprill 1585. 

Your Ld^^ most humbly to command, 

Umphry Tyndall. 

Alex. Richardson, of the county of Surrey, was admitted 
pensioner of Queens' college on 7 Aug. 1579. He was B.A. 
1583-4 and M.A. 1587. He was the author of The Logicians 
Schoolmaster or a comment upon Ramus, London 4°. 1629. 
8°. 1657. 



The vice-chancellor for the year 1586-87 was John Copcot 
D.D. fellow of Trinity college. He was the last vice-chancello: 



I 



377 

who was not a head of a college. Among the vice-chancellors 
of this class ennmerated by Cole, we find the following fellows 
of Queens' college: John Fawne 1512-18-14, Henry Bullock 
1524-25, and Thomas Smith 1543-44. 

In 1587 the college was troubled with a lawsuit about the 
rectory of Little Eversden, in which it was successful (MS. 
Plumptre). ' 

IV Journale. 1586-87. fo. 187. b. [May] Item to m-- Auger for 
charges of our suite for Eversden parsonadge ]vj^ viij"*. 

Andrew Perne, master of Peterhouse and dean of Ely, died 
on 26 April 1589 (Cooper, Ath. ii. 45-50). He had been fellow 
of Queens' from 1540 to 1552, when he became canon of West- 
minster; in 1554 he became master of Peterhouse and in 1557 
dean of Ely. To Queens' college he bequeathed a bowl or goblet, 
with a cover all gilt, weighing 43 oz. ; this unfortunately went 
to Oxford in 1642 to be melted up for the use of Charles I. 
He had previously given four messuages in St Botolph's parish. 
In spite of the ridicule, which his power of adapting himself to 
the variations of the religious barometer and of escaping with 
safety in the religious tempests of the age brought upon him, the 
memory of Dr Perne should be cherished as that of a true lover 
of the university, for he took care of its welldoing, he upheld 
its rights and privileges, and especially he procured a revival 
of its public library, after all the benefactions previous to the 
Reformation had been swept away as useless rubbish, by ob- 
taining gifts of books from archbishop Parker and other men 
of rank. 

'The Archbishop shewed himself a Benefactor this Year 
(1574) also to the... University in another respect, namely by 
enriching the publick Library there with many of his Books; 
which Dr Perne, now Vice-chancellor, did thankfully acknow- 
ledge by his Letter in the name of the University, together 
with the many other Tokens of his Generosity and Favour to 
it. The said Per^ie being also of a publick Spirit towards the 
good Estate of this University, backed and countenanced by 
the Archbishop, set himself to furnish this Library, to make it 
of Use and Reputation. For which p\irpose he was come up 

25 



378 

tliis year to London, the better to solicit Eminent Men to be 
Benefactors to it ; having in the mean time his Harbour and 
Board at Lambeth, with the Archbishop. And he found Suc- 
cess in these his commendable Pains ; For he got Books from 
the Lord Keeper, the bishop of Winchester and divers other 
Honourable Persons, as well as from the Archbp. When Perm 
returned to Cambridge, he was employed in making convenient 
Places and Receptacles for the Books of each Benefactor, that 
their Books might have Standings distinct by themselves ; that 
so each Giver might be the better remembered to Posterity.' 
Speaking of his own pleasure in this good work he says, ' I do 
judge the mind of others that loveth Learning and the Uni- 
versity, by my own great Delectation, that I do conceive of that 
comely Placing of the said Books' (Strype, Parker, 484-6). 

On 10 Aug. 1590 Dr John Jegon fellow and vice-president 
of Queens' was made master of Corpus Christi college, being 
recommended to that society by the crown by a letter dated 23 
July 1590. (Cal. State Papers 1581-90, p. 682.) On his migra- 
tion he took Math him several members of Queens' college who 
were his pupils. 

In 1590 a comedy called Lelia was performed at the college 
{Retrospective Review, xii. 29). 

In 1591 the celebrated preacher Henry Smith, lecturer of 
St Clement Danes London, died about 30 June. From his elo- 
quence he was called Silver-tongued Smith. He had been a 
fellow-commoner of Queens' college where he was admitted 17 
July 1573, though he does not seem to have continued long at 
Cambridge, nor ever to have graduated either here or at 
Oxford (Cooper, Ath. ii. 103-108). 

On 16 Nov. 1591 died Matthew Stokes formerly fellow of 
King's college and registrary of the university, who also had 
been auditor of the college accounts from 1578. By his will he 
devised (on failure of issue male of his son Matthew) part of his 
estates to Queens' college for the foundation of scholarships. 
This with other like remainders to Corpus Christi college, St 
Catharine's hall, and the lady Margaret preacher, did not take 
effect (Cooper, Ath. ii. 109). 

George Mountain, fellow 1592-1611, was 'first noticed in act- 



I 



379 

ing in Miles Gloriosus in the College' (Th. Ball, life of Preston). 
It was probably about this time. 




HE second wife of sir Henry Cromwell of Hitchenbrook 
Huntingdonshire died of a lingering illness about July 
1592; this was ascribed to witchcraft. John Samwell, 
I his wife Alice, and their daughter Agnes, inhabitants of Warboys, 
were charged with having killed lady Cromwell, and were im- 
prisoned. The mother who was old and decrepit, was so tor- 
I tured in prison, that at last she confessed every thing that was 
' dictated to her, and she was tried in April 1593 before Mr justice 
Fenner and convicted of bewitching not only lady Cromwell, 
I but also many other persons. She was then hanged, as were 
i also her husband and her daughter. Their goods, of the value 
f of £40, were forfeited to sir Henry as lord of the manor of 
\ Warboys, but he gave them to the corporation of Huntingdon, 
on condition that they procured from Queens' college Cambridge 
a doctor or bachelor of divinity to preach every year on Lady- 
day a sermon against the sin of witchcraft in one of the churches 
of Huntingdon, and distributed 10s. yearly to the poor. (Cooper, 
' Ath. ii. 367, 868.) Sir Henry and lady Cromwell were buried 
in All Saints church Huntingdon (Carruther's Hunt. 262). 

The whole account is to be found in a book entitled ' The 
most strange and admirable discoverie of the three witches of 
Warboys, arraigned, convicted, and executed at the last assizes 
at Huntingdon for the bewitching of the five daughters of 
Robert Throckmorton, esquire, and divers other persons, with 
sundrie Divellish and grievous Torments : and also for the Be- 
witching to Death of the Lady Crumwell, the like hath not 
been heard of in this age.' London 1593, 4to. 

The following books contain accounts of this melancholy 
affair : 

A compleat History of Magick, Sorcery and Witchcraft (2 
vols. 12™°. London 1715, 1716), ch. ill. pp. 49-152. 

Francis Hutchinson, D. D. An Historical Essay concerning 
Witchcraft (8°. London, 1718), pp. 101-108. (From this latter 

25—2 - 



380 

book apparently all later accounts have been drawn, as Dr 
Hutchinson by mistake once calls lady Cromwell's husband 
Samuel instead of Henry, in which most of the succeeding 
writers on the subject have followed him.) 

E. C[arruthers]. The History of Huntingdon, 8vo. Hunting- 
don 1824, has an account of this taken from Francis Hutchin- 
son's Historical Essay concerning Witchcraft. 

Martin Joseph Naylor, M.A. fellow of Queens' college Cam- 
bridge, The inanity and mischief of Vulgar Superstition, Four 
Sermons preached at All Saints Huntingdon on the 25th day 
of March in the years 1792, 1793, 1794, 1795. To which is 
added some account of the witches of Warboys. Cambridge, 
1795, 8vo. 

The original book is very scarce, and the following account 
is compiled from the abridgement of the history given by Mr 
Naylor, the History of Magick, and Dr Hutchinson's Essay. 

About 10 Nov. 1589 Jane, one of the five daiighters of Robert 
Throckmorton esq. of Warboys, a little girl of nearly ten years of age, 
fell into a strange kind of sickness ; she would sneeze for half an hour 
together, and then lie in a swoon, afterwards ' she would begin to 
swell and heave up her belly, so as none was able to keep her down-' 
sometimes she would shake one leg or one arm only or her head, as if 
she had been afflicted with the palsy. After some days an old 
woman Alice Samwell, aged nearly 80 years, who lived next door, came 
in to see the child, who then, frightened at her appearance, called her 
a witch, but made no charge against her. A Cambridge physician, 
Dr Barrow, having tried the effect of his prescriptions without suc- 
cess, su.ggested witchcraft as the cause of the illness. However this 
notion made no deep impression upon the minds of the parents, till 
about a month after they found that their other four daughters, of 
whom the eldest Joan was then 15 years old, were attacked in a 
similar way, and that they all agreed in placing their affliction to 
the account of old Alice Samwell, a charge also brought by the six 
women-servants of the house, who were afflicted in the same manner 
as the daughters. In February 1590 their uncle Mr Gilbert Picker- 
ing finding the children in this state, induced by tin-eats Alice to visit 
them ; they then fell down strangely tormented, ' so that if they had 
been let lie still on the ground, they would have leaped and sprung 
like a quicke jnckerel newly taken out of the water. ^ The yoimgest 



381 

child being carried to bed, shewed much hatred to the old woman, 
scratching her when her hand was put near the child, with such 
vehemence, ' that her nayles brake into spilles, with the force and 
earnest desire she had to revenge.' The uncle took his niece Elizabeth 
home with him to Titchmerch grove, where she was much troubled 
with fits till her retarn to Warboys 3 Sept. Her sisters had been 
similarly tormented at home. The children were always tormented 
during family prayers or when the Bible was read or any other 
godly book, and professed to love witchcraft, Papistry and the Mass, 
but not the Word of God, or the Bible, or prayer, or the Gospel ; 
they had too the j^ower of predicting the time of their own recovery, 
and these predictions uniformly came true. M"" Throckmorton sent 
his girls in turn on visits to their friends, and while from home they 
continued to have fits, though not so frequently. 

In March lady Cromwell came to visit them, and at once, as 
always happened when strangers came to see them, the children all 
fell in to their fits, and this so touched lady Cromwell's heart that she 
sent for 'mother Samuel" and charged her with witchcraft, 'using also 
some hard speeches to her,' The old woman denied having anything 
to do with the children, and said ' that Master Throckmorton and his 
wife did her much wrong so to blame her without cause. Lady 
Cromwell unable to prevail with her by good speeches, sodainely pulled 
of her kercher, and taking a paire of sheeres, clipped oif a locke of 
her haire, and gave it privily to Mistress Throckmorton, together with 
her hail'- lace, willing her to burn them.' Perceiving herself so ill 
used, she said to the lady, ' Madam, why do you use me thus ? I 
never did you any harm as yet.' That same night lady Cromwell 
dreamt, that a cat sent by Alice Samwell tried ' to plucke off" all the 
skin and flesh from her armes and bodie,' and she afterwards ' fell 
very strangely sicke,' with fits like the children, and so continued 
till she died about a year and a quarter after being at Warboys. 
She could never forget the old woman's observation to her. 

From the children's statements there were nine spirits concerned 
in the bewitchment, whose names were Pluck, Blue, Catch, White, 
Calico, Hardname, and three cousins of the name of Smack, and 
that they paid their visits in the shape of dun chickens. Of these 
one of the Smacks was in love with the eldest daughter Joan, who 
had by that time reached the age of eighteen years, and for her sake 
would quarrel with the other spirits, breaking Pluck's head, Catch's 
leg and Blue's arm. The narrative contains a great amount of the 
conversation that passed between the girl and Smack. All this 



382 

■while, old Alice Samwell resided in Mr Thi-ockmorton's house, as 
her presence at first was a sure relief to the children ; this failed 
after a while, but she still remained in the house, because they would 
take nothing biit from her hands. 

In Feb. 1592-3 they began to teaze her to confess herself a witch, 
saying ' that if she did not so voluntarily, the spirits themselves 
would (as they said) enforce her to confess in despite of herself.' The 
father promised forgiveness, entreated her to restore them to health, 
and set before her the punishments that she would surely meet with 
both in this world and in the next, if she continued in her wick- 
edness. But all was of no use, she would not confess, * for it was a 
thing she never knew of, nor consented unto.' 

At last one of the children being attacked with a fit, more vio- 
lent than any before, and being threatened by the spirit with one 
still more terrible, the old woman, at their request, charged the 
spirit that ' Mistress Jane' should never have that fit. The child 
professing to know that it should not have the threatened fit, old 
Alice at the father's request charged the spirits in the name of God 
to leave all the children, and then suddenly three of the children, 
that had been in fits for three weeks, became ' as well as ever they 
were in their lives.' This strange result of her words had this 
effect on her, that she confessed that she was the cause of all this 
trouble to the children, and repeated her confession next day pub- 
licly in the church. As however on better thoughts she withdrew 
her confession, Mr Throckmorton, having endeavoured to induce her 
to confess again, sent her on 26 Dec. 1592 to Buckden before 
bishop Wickham, and then, (and subsequently on 29 Dec. before the 
bishop and two justices of the peace,) she confessed that the spiri- 
tual dun chickens had been the cause of the children's trouble, but 
that they had now 'come into her, and were then at the bottom of 
her bellie, and made her so full, that she could scant lace her cote,' 
and made her so heavy that the horse she rode on fell down and was 
not able to carry her. It appeared, by an appeal to these spirits, that 
she had received them from *an upright man' named Langland, who 
* had no dwelling,' but was ' beyond the seas.' Upon this confession 
she was committed, together with her daughter, to Huntingdon 
gaol. The daughter Agnes Samwell was bailed out and sent to 
M' Throckmorton's house, to see whether she were as guilty as her 
mother. After a few days the fits began again and were truly fore- 
told, and the spirits told the children that they should be presently 
well, whenever Agnes Samwell said, */ charge thee, divil, as I love thee 



383 

and am a witch, and guiltie of this matter, that thou mffer this childe 
to he well at present ■' and again, '/ charge thee, divel, as I am loitch 
and a tvorser witch than my mother, and consenting to the death of 
Ladie Crumwel;' and, ' As I have bewitched M""^ Pickering of El- 
lington (an aunt of these children) since my 'mother confessed ; ' and 
again, ' As I woidd have bewitched Mistris Joan Throckmorton to 
deaths The effect of these charges was always effectual before 
strangers and was proved by the jvidge himself, yet so that the chil- 
dren continued in their fits, till all these confessions had been repeated. 
The spirits having revealed that John Sam well the husband was like- 
wise a witch, the three were on 5 April 1593 put on their trial 'for 
bewitching of the Ladie Cromwel to death, and for bewitching of Mis- 
tress Joane Throckmoi-ton, Mistris Jane Throckmorton and others.' 
As to the two women their guilt was evident, and that of the man 
was proved in manner following. The spirit had told ' Mistris Jane' 
on 16 March that she should never come out of her fit, unless the 
spiiit were charged by the old man. Hence at the trial as Jane was 
produced to the judge in her fit, John Samwell was induced by threats 
to say, '■ As I am a witch and did consent to the death of Ladie 
Cromwell, so I charge thee, divell, to suffer Mistris Jane to come 
out of her fit at this present.'' And at once the child was relieved. 
The three were then condemned to death, the old woman vainly put- 
ting in the ridiculous plea that she was with child. And so they 
Avere executed, Alice confessing her guilt and charging her husband 
with complicity (who yet resolutely denied it to the last), biit excul- 
pating her daughter, who however could not finish the Lord's prayer, 
being unable to pronounce the sentence 'but deliver us from evil,' 
and in the Creed missed very much, and could not say that 'she 
believed in the Catholick church.' 

' To conclude this Relation, since the Death of these Persons, the 
Children have continued well, without any Fits at all, enjoying their 
perfect Health.' 

" To this narrative, so fertile in ' proof, presumption, circum- 
stances, and reason,' we shall add no further observation, though 
it furnishes such an ample field for comment, fully persuaded 
that its consistency, clearness and probability are sufficient to 
remove every doubt and hesitation from the mind of the reader." 
(Mr M. J. Naylor.) 

The indenture itself is here transcribed from II Leasebook, 
fo. 17. 



384. 

This Indenture made the xxviij" daye of Septemb'' in the xxxv° 
yeare of the Raigne of our soveraigne Ladye Elizabeth by the grace 
of god of england fFrance and Ireland Queene defeudo'' of the fayth 
etc. Betwen the Burgesses of y'' Boroughe of Huntington in^ the 
Count, of Hunt, of thone part And the p'^sideut and fellowes of the 
Cull, of S''^ Margaret and S'^ Barnarde coiiionly called y^ queens coll. 
in Cambr. on thother parte : Witnesseth, that whear S" Henry Wil- 
liams alias Cromewell of Hinchingbrooke in the said Count, of Hunt. 
Knighte is Lord of the manuo'' of Warboies w*4n the said Count, 
of Hunt, and havinge div'se jurisdiccons and priviledges w'4n the 
said manno'' and especially the forfiture of all the goods and Chattells 
of ffellons happeninge w*in the said manno"" of Warboise, (as by his 
Ires pattents therof playnely maye appeare), So it happened that one 
John Sam well Alice his wife and Anne their daughter having div''se 
goods and Chattells w'^n the said manno'' weere att the assises and 
Gayle deliv''ye holden for and w*in the County of Hunt' the iiij" 
daye of Aprill laste paste before the date of these pnts Indited 
arraigned convicted and executed for witchcrafte Charme Inch^unte- 
ment and Sorcerye for bewitching and Inch*untinge of Ladye Susane 
Cromwell the late wife of the said S"' Henry Cromwell, wherby she 
the said Ladye Susan was felloniouslye kylled and destroyed, By w* 
Attaynter of the said parties ther goods and Chattells came to thands 
and possession of the . said S'' Henrye Cromewell, w*"^ goods doe 
amounte to the value of fforty pounds, who of his bounty Charitable 
and free dispotition hath given and bestowed the said fforty pounds to 
and uppon the said Burgesses of the said Boroughe of Hunt', to 
the intent that the said Burgesses shall give and graunte one rente 
charge of forty shillings goyinge forth of ther Lands and tenem*^ in 
Hunt, aforesaid to the said p''sident and fellowes of the said Coll. 
and yer successors for ever to begine at the feaste of thannuntiacon 
of our Ladye next cominge To these intente aud purpose that they 
the said p''sident and fellowes shall for ev'' more provide and fynde one 
Sufficient Doctor of Divinity or Bachelor of Divinitye to preache 
and make one Sermon yearely at and w*4n some Churche w'^in the 
Towne of Hunt, uppon the feaste daye of the annuntiacon of the 
blissed vii'gine for ev'' more, In w°^ sermon the said preacher shall 
preache and Invaye againste the detestable practise synne and offence 
of witchcraft Inch^untem* Charme and Sorcerye, And after suche 
sermon and preachinge so made, the said Burgesses and ther successors 
shall the same daye paye or cause to paid to the said preacher and 
sermon maker ffortye shillings, to the entente that y^ said preacher 



385 

shall retayne and keej^e to liis owne use for his jiayues and travile 
thirty shillings of the said forty shillings, and the other tenn shillings 
The said pi-eacher shall bestowe and distribute to the moste needye 
and poore people dwelliuge and abiding w^'^in the said Borough of 
Huntington, The said preacher makinge and deliv''inge to the said 
Burgesses ev''y yeare one writtinge under his hande and seale testify- 
inge the receipte therof, the yv"^ writinge shalbe a sufficient discharge 
to the said Burgesses and ther successors for that yeares rent so 
received by the said preacher againste y^ said p''sidente and fellow es 
and ther successors accordinge to the true iutente and meaninge of 
the ffounders and givers of the said forty pounds and rentcharge, 
And the said p''sident and fellowes for themselves and ther successors 
do by these pnts coven'^unte promise and gr'\mte To and w*'' the said 
Burgesses and yir successors never hearafter to violate infringe or 
breake the true intente and meaninge of these Indentures nor the 
good and godly worke and purpose of the founders and beginners of 
the same, and yf they doe infringe breake or ov''throwe the good 
intente true meaninge and good worke in these pnts meconed That 
then the said rent Charge utterly to cease and be mearly voyde, Any- 
thinge in these pnts or in the said gr'^unte of rent charge to the 
contrary notw*standinge. In witnesse wherof to thone part of these 
Indentures remayninge w"^ the said p''sident and fellowes the said 
Burgesses have setto ther comon seale, and to thother parte remayn- 
inge w"^ the said Burgesses the said p''sident and fellowes have setto 
their comon seale the daye and yeare above written. 

From the deed of gift of the rent-charge from the burgesses 
to the college of the above date, it appears that they put the 
president and fellows in possession of the rent-charge by paying 
to Mr Henry Godly the sum of 4 pence, and that the rent- 
charge issued from a certain tenement in the parish of St Bene- 
dict Huntingdon in the tenure of George Ringsted, a certain 
close in Trinity parish called the Temple-hall yard, and an acre 
and a half of pasture land in the parish of St Mary near the 
castle lands (II Leasebook, fo. 17- b). 

It appears from the corporation accounts of Huntingdon 
that these sermons were duly preached in the period 1771 to 
1812, the records of earlier date not being extant ; the last 
preacher Avas the 'Rev. Mr Goram;' probably the rev. Cornelius 



386 

Gorham fellow of Queens' college, afterwards vicar of Brampford 
Speke Devon. (Information from E. Maule esq. Town-clerk of 
Huntingdon.) 




WARDS the close of the year 1593 the plague broke 
out in Cambridge: the members of the different col- 
leges dispersed themselves into the country, and all 
public assemblies in the university were put off till 20 February 
1593-4 (Cooper, Ann. ii. 522). 

On 7 May 1594 Dr Edmund Scambler bishop of Norwich 
died aged 85. He was a member of Queens' college in 1564, 
when he was created D.D. He was made bishop of Peter- 
borough in 1561 and was translated to Norwich in 1584 
(Cooper, Ath. ii. 167). 

Dr John Aylmer bishop of London died 3 June 1594. He 
had been a member, but never fellow, of Queens' college. He 
was B.A. 1540-1 and M.A. 1545. He was tutor to lady Jane 
Grey. He became bishop of London in 1577 (Cooper, Ath. ii. 
168). 

In Sept. 1594 Dr William Wickham bishop of Lincoln 
came to Cambridge to hold a visitation of King's college. 
Queens' college made him a present of a pair of gloves (Cooper 
Ann. ii. 525). 

V Journale. 1593-94. fo. 42. b. [Sept.] Item for a paire of gloves 

w"'' the Coll. gave unto my L. Byshope of Lyncolne viij'. 

On 6 Sept. 1594 there was a great flood occasioned by ex- 
cessive rains. The great bridge and the bridges of King's col- 
lege and St John's college were carried away by the force of 
the waters (Cooper, An7i. ii. 524). 

V Journale. 1593-94. fo. 43. [Sept.] Item for beere loste in the 

floodes iij". xix^ vj''. 

1594-95, fo. 45. [Oct.] Item allowed to 6 men for remooving 

the beere out of the cellar at the fludde iijl vi^ 

fo. 45. b. [Dec] Item for stopping the water out of the lead 

cellar at the latter fludde x^, 



387 

Mention is elsewhere made of damage caused by the floods. 

V Journale. 1596-97, fo. 57. b. [Dec] Item to Burton for help- 

ing in the seller at the flood xij**. 

Item to Baines for laying the beare fast in the seller wher the 

flood was xij**. 

The bridge was rebuilt. 

V Journale. 1595-96. fo. 52. [March] Item paid towardes the 

bviildinge of the great towne bridg for the colledg landes 
holden at Eversden (Cooper, Ann. i. 194, 251, iv. 288) ... v\ 
fo. 52. b. [April] It. paid more to Tho. Barker towards 
building the great bridg out of the colledg landes at 
Eversden iiij^ iij". iiij''. 

Sir Thomas Heneage chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster 
died 17 Oct. 1595. He was matriculated as a pensioner of 
Queens' college in May 1549, and was created M.A. in 1564 
on the occasion of the queen's visit to Cambridge, when, with 
other officers of the household, he was lodged at the college 
(Cooper, Ath. ii. 194). 

Henry Hastings third earl of Huntingdon, who had been 
educated in part at Queens' college, died on 14 Dec. 1595. He 
was lord-president of the council in the north (Cooper, Ath. ii. 
200). 

At the bachelors' commencement 28 Feb. 1594-5 a great 
number of noblemen visited Cambridge, of whom the greater 
part were entertained at Trinity college, where two comedies 
and a tragedy were performed, ' the which were the cause of 
their coming down:' there was also a comedy acted at Queens' 
college (Cooper, Ann. ii. 529; MS. Baker xxxii. 529). 

On 10 Nov. 1595 the society wrote the following letter to 
lord Burghley against the suit of Mr Johnes the queen's tailor 
for a lease in reversion of St Nicholas Court in the Isle of 
Tlianet (MS. Lansdowne 79. art. 57). 

Our humble duties unto your Hon. Ld^ premised Having lately 
received letters from your Hon. dated y® 22 of Sept. for the accom- 
plishing of a suit, one M"" W. Johnes her Ma*'^' taylor hath by her 
Ma''^^ letter directed unto us, for a lease in reversion of St. Nicholas 
court in y^ Isle of Tennet in y^ county of Kent, belonging to our 
Colledge : we are most humbly to crave, that as your Ld" bath 



388 

always been a protection to the university in all causes, a maintainer 
and Preserver of all statutes and good order amongst us, a defence 
against such as by indirect and extraordinary meanes have sought 
any wayes to make any breach into those orders, statutes and lawes 
•whereby we are governed, so it w^ please your good Ld^ to stand 
our Hon. Patron unto her Maj. in y^ cause, that forasmuch as this 
his suit being for the most principal! thing y' belongeth to y^ colledge, 
}s iKit only against y*^ equity and good order, y^ laws of y® land have 
prescribed lis to use, in letting of our leases, enjoyning us not to 
demise but for 21 years or three lives, and also not before three 
years of y* expiration of y* old lease, he requiring it for forty yeares, 
there being yet sixteen yeares to come in y* lease in esse, but also is 
prejudicial! unto us for the present and to our succession hereafter, 
whereof in duty we ought to have regard and may prove hurtful! 
even to y® Inheritance of the colledge (as otir M'' is able to inform 
your Ld^) if his suit were granted. 

In consideration of these and many other inconveniences, we be- 
come humble suitors unto your Hon. Ld^ to vouchsafe that favour 
to our colledge, to be a meanes unto her Highness, that we may not 
be jiressed to lett this lease before y^ due tyme and but for yeares 
limited by law; So shall both we and our posterity and succession 
liave evermore cause to be bound unto your Honour, for the Honor- 
able favour, to y* good both of us and them; Also we shall avoyd 
the just reproof of the tymes hereafter : the rather because y^ like 
example in y^ university in our remenabrances hath not been, since 
the lawes provided in that behalf. This in all humbleness we crave 
of her Maj. by our humble letters, if by your Ldp's good favour we 
may finde acceptance of them. 

So beseeching the Almighty for the long preservation of your 
Honour to y*" good, not only of us, but of the whole realm, we 
most humbly take our leaves. The 10"" of Novembr, 1595. 

Your LdP^ most humbly to command 

The M"" and fellowes of the Queens colledge 

Umphky Tyndall. 

Clement Smith, Heney Godlie, Rand. Davenport, 
William Covell, Will. Robinson, John Rhodeknight, 
Walter Howse, Beaupr:i^ Bell, Clement French, 
Rob'. Pearson, Henrie Parker, Nathaniel Fletcher. 



389 

From 1592 to 1595 Florimond Pereaux (or Periell) of Or- 
leans, a licentiate of civil law, lived and gave lectures in He- 
brew in the college. 

VJoumale. 1591-92. fo. 28. b. [Sept.] Item to Moiinsier .... x^ 
1593-94. fo. 39. b. [Jan.] Item to the frenchman for his quar- 
terage x^ 

fo. 41. ]). [May] Item to Mounsieur Periaiix for his quarterage 
aUowed of the college x^. 

On returning home he left to the college library as a 
'pignus amoris sui/ 

Kimchi Sepher Michlal sive Grammatica Hebrsea. Ven. 1544 
8°. and Kimchi Psalterium Hebraicum cum Commentario. Isnse 
] 542. f ". 

William [Brooke] lord Cobham and lord warden of the 
Cinque-Ports died 5 April, 39 Eliz. 1597. He was a member 
of this college in 1543-44, according to MS. Walker (written 
1565), where fo. 135. b. we find 'M'' Guilielmus Cobham jam 
dominus de Cobham et 5 portarum fuit pensionarius 35" Henr. 8\' 
He was frequently sent by the queen on missions to the Low 
Countries (Dugdale, Ba7\ ii. 282). 

Robert Bowes who was matriculated as a pensioner of 
Queens' college in Nov. 1547, but who apparently left the 
university without taking a degree, was ambassador to Scotland 
at different times between 1577 and his death. He also was 
M.P, for Knaresborough, Carlisle, Appleby and Cumberland. 
He was one of queen Elizabeth's oldest and most faithful and 
intelligent servants. He died 15 Nov. 1597 (Cooper, Ath. ii. 
227). 

William Covil, B.A 1584-5, M.A. 1588, of Christ's college, 
and fellow of Queens' college from 1589 to 1599, preached at 
St Mary's at the end of Dec. 1595 on the text, "My house is 
the house of prayer, but ye have made it a den of thieves," 
and in applying it, 'took occasion to rave and inveigh against 
those that did facere speluncam latronum of the Church, of- 
fensively and extraordinarily: charging the noblemen of this 
realm especially, and in some sort also the bishops: in spoiling, 
he meant, the church in the revenues thereof, and alienating 
its patrimony.' The vice-chancellor Dr Goade acquainted lord 



390 

Burghley the chancellor and archbishop Whitgiffc with this. 
The latter was at first minded to bring Mr Covil before the 
ecclesiastical commissioners, for what he had said, but Dr Gpade 
remonstrating, that this might prove a dangerous precedent 
and promising to bring him to a voluntary submission, the pri- 
mate gave way, and the matter dropped, though it does not 
appear that Covil could be induced to make any public satis- 
faction. (Cooper, Ann. ii. 544-5 ; Strype, Whitgift, B. iv. ch. xix. ; 
Ann., Heywood and Wright, ii. 87.) He was the author of 
works in defence of the church of England : 

A modest and reasonable examination of some things in 
use in the church of England. 4°. London 1604. ' Brief 
answer' to John Burges (with a dedication to William bishop 
of Lincoln dated 22 Jan. 1605). 4° London 1605. 

Lord Burghley, who had been chancellor of the university 
from the beginning of queen Elizabeth's reign, died 4 Aug. 
1598. On 10 Aug. Robert Devereux earl of Essex was chosen 
his successor, and, shortly afterwards visiting Cambridge, was 
entertained at Queens' college, 'where the Room he lodged in' 
w^s 'called Essex Chamber' in Fuller's time, 'and where the 
2)leasant Comedy of Lelia was excellently acted before him' 
(Fuller, Cambridge sub anno 1598). 

The college accounts make no mention of a comedy at this 
time, nor indeed of the earl's visit. 

The death of Dr John Mey bishop of Carlisle occurred 15 
Feb. 1597-8. He was brother of Dr William Mey formerly 
president of the college, was fellow 1550-1559, and master of 
St Catharine's hall, and became bishop in 1577 (Cooper Ann. 
ii. 233-4). 

On 30 Nov. 1597 Dr Richard Cosin died. He matriculated 
before he was 12 years of age as a pensioner 12 Nov. 1561. 
' The fame of his precocity soon extended beyond the walls of 
his college, and the members of Queens' college invited him 
to join their society. This was prevented by Dr Beaumont 
master of Trinity college, who procured him a scholarship. He 
became fellow of Trinity, was created LL.D. 1580, was dean of 
the Arches 1583, and M.P. for Hendon 1586. William Barlow 



391 

afterwards bishop of Lincoln, who had been educated at his 
expense, pubhshed in 1598 a panegyrical biography of him, 
accompanied by a collection of verses; this work was entitled 
'Vita et obitus.,.Richardi Cosin Legum Doctoris...per Guil. 
Barlowum S.T.B. amoris sni et officii ergo edita (Lond. 4°.). 
It contains verses by Nathaniel Fletcher and Thomas Hall 
fellows of Queens' and by Nicholas Wood one of the scholars of 
the college (Cooper, Ath. ii. 230). 

In 1598 the college estate at Babraham near Cambridge, 
part of John Otware's benefaction, was sold, but in an illegal 
manner, since the act against the alienation of the property of 
corporate bodies had then been passed. The mode used to 
evade the law was as follows : 

A lease of the college lands in Babraham, Sawston, and 
Pampisford, dated 7 Feb. 40 Eliz. [1597-8] was granted to sir 
Horatio Pallavicini for the three lives of his children, Henry, 
Toby, and Bettina, with a reserved rent of £3. 35. ; and then a 
deed was executed 9 Feb. covenanting that, in consideration of 
£200 paid by him, 'being the full value of the fee simple of 
the said lands and more,' he was to enjoy the estate 'quietly 
and peaceably,' and in the same manner 'as if the same were 
absolutely his owne in fee simple;' that acquittances should be 
given by the college for the reserved rent, as it became due, 
without its being received; that at any time, within one month 
after requisition, the college should grant new leases, and that 
it should give up all writings belonging to the estate to sir 
Horatio. The last lease granted in pursuance of this covenant 
was in 1636 to Thomas Minott of Stortford Hertfordshire, with 
the rent reserved of a peppercorn, if demanded. 

In the aforesaid deed, it is said to be the intention of the 
president and fellows to purchase 'a better portion of land' 
with the £200; this was however never done, but in 1617 the 
money was applied towards the erection of the Walnut Tree 
Court Buildino^. The estate consisted of about 80 acres of land 
and some tenements, 'and the price given for the purchase 
might be a fair one at that time. The purchaser was a cour- 
tier, and a great favourite of James I ; and how far this act of 



392 

the then body is to be excused on the score of court influence 
must be left to the reader.' (MS. Plumptre.) • 

John Joscelyn, formerly (1549-57) fellow of Queens' college, 
died 20 Dec. 1603. He was archbishop Parker's latin secretary 
and assisted him in various works, especially in the De Anti- 
quitate Britannicse Ecclesise, the authorship of which has been 
often ascribed to Joscelyn ; he was also an anglo-saxon scholar 
(Cooper, Ath. ii. 360). 



I 




|N 24 March 1603-4 queen Elizabeth died, and James I, 
succeeded her. 

Two collections of verses by members of the univer- 
sity were published on this occasion, ' Threno-thriambeuticon 
Academias Cantabrigiensis,' and ' Sorrowes Joy,' but they do not 
contain any contributions by Queens' men. 

The death of Dr John Whitgift archbishop of Canterbury 
occurred in 1604. He began his university life at Queens', but 
migrated to Pembroke college before his matriculation. He 
was fellow of Peterhouse, master of Pembroke college and 
Trinity college, lady Margaret and Regius professor of di- 
vinity, bishop of Worcester 1577, and archbishop of Canterbury 
1583 (Cooper, Ath. ii. 369, 553). 

Edward de Vere, 17th earl of Oxford and lord great cham- 
berlain of England, died 24 June 1604. During his father's 
life he bore the name of lord Bulbeck, and under that name 
was matriculated fellow-commoner of Queens' college in Nov. 
1558. He subsequently migrated to St John's, where he lodged 
when the queen visited the university in 1564. He was then 
created M.A. (Cooper, Ath. ii. 389, 554). 

On 15 Dec. 1604 the chancellor addressed a letter to the 
vice-chancellor and heads of houses requiring them to take 
measures for securing strict conformity to the university and 
college statutes and the constitutions of the church. It is 
printed in Cooper, Aiin. iii. 11, 12. In consequence the follow- 
ing report of the state of the college (MS. Baker iv. 187) was 
sent in by the president : 



393 

Queens Colledge Jan. 7'^. 1604. 

According to Mr Vicechancellors appointment, I do hereby certify 
That the Fellows, Scholars and Students of our Colledge as usually 
before time, so at this present, do continue y'' conformity in Divinis 
Officiis, both in Surplisses and Hoods, every one according as the 
University Statutes do requii-e, and also in due observation of the 
Communion Book. 

The names of the Ministers, who being now present fit home, 
have shewed y'' letters of orders, are these. 

1. Mr Smith made minister by the B^" of Ely in Dec. 1577, and 
had y^ university licence for preaching in January 1585. 

2. Mr Mountain made minister by the B" of Petr : in June 1594, 
not having any other licence to preach. 

3. Mr Bigland made minister by the Suflfragan of Colchester in 
Jan. 1599, not having any other licence to preach. 

4. Mr Person made minister by the Bp of Lincoln in Oct. 1596, 
having no other licence to preach. 

I 5. Mr Tyndall made minister by the B? of Lincoln June 1601, 
Ihaving no other licence, 

6. Mr Hall made minister by the Suffi-agan of Colchester April 
1601, having no other licence. 

I 7. Mr Bowles made minister by the Suffragan of Colchester 
April 1601, having no other licence. 

8. Mr Dengain made minister by the Suffragan of Colchester 
April 1601, having no other licence to preach. 

9. Mr Taylor made minister by the B^ of Lincoln in June 1601, 
having no other licence to preach. 

10. Mr Mansell made minister by the Bp. of Petr. in Sept., 
|1604, having no other licence to preach. 

Umphry Tyndall, President. 

In 1605 Dr Tyndall was one of heads of houses to whom the 
iPrivy Council entrusted the investigation of a case of supposed 
witchcraft. Two young girls, who were thought to be bewitched, 
were brought to Cambridge by the king's direction to be under 
proper care and inspection. After some months' investigation 
'oy ' skilful Phisitions and learned De vines' the case was decided 
-0 be one of natural disease, and as it was ' some what strauge 
iud extraordinary and of much difficulty to be cured,' the two 
patients were sent home again (Cooper, An7i. iii. 13-14). 

26 



394 

The plague was in Cambridge in the autumn of 1605 
(Cooper, Ann. iii. 19). 

V Journale. 1605-06, fo. 106. b. [Nov.] Item for the visited to 

Benjamin Prime 23'. 4*. 

Item for keepinge the gates 3 weekes to Liuly 3°. 

Item for keepinge of the gates to Rausthorne. 12*. 

In Feb. 1606-7 on the occasion of the performance of a 
comedy at King's college, the disorderly behaviour of a mob of 
students and others, riotous beyond all previous example, 
called for a decree made by the vicechancellor and heads, of 
whom Dr Tyndall was one, against such proceedings in future. • 
It appears that they broke down a strong gate and threw many 1 
great stones through the hall windows to the great annoyance i 
and disturbance of the audience. Offenders were to be punished ' 
with different degrees of punishment according to their offence 
and their position in the university (Cooper, Ann. iii. 24). 
Broken windows were a consequence of the acting also at 
Queens'. 

V Journale. 1594-95. fo. 46. [Feb.] Item for repairing th' hall 
windowes after the plaies xlv°. 

Sir Christopher Yelverton, speaker of the house of commons, | 
and justice of the king's bench, died 1607. He was matricu- ' 
lated pensioner of Queens' college in Nov. 1550. 

Thomas Newton, rector of Little Ilford Essex, a theologian, 
a physician and one of the most elegant Latin poets of the age, , 
died in May 1607. He had been a member of Queens' college, 
where he was matriculated in Nov. 1562. He was a member of 
Trinity college Oxford, before he came to Cambridge, and re- 
turned thither after residing some time at Queens'. He does 
not appear to have graduated at either university (Cooper, 
Ath. ii. 452-4). 

According to the ' Form for the Commemoration of Benefac- 
tors,' Humphrey Davies, gentleman, founded in 1607 one fellow- 
ship and six scholarships. He was matriculated sizar of this 
college Oct. 1567 and was B.A. 1571-2, M.A. 1575. For the 
purpose of endowment he devised lands at Leamington Hast- 
ings in Warwickshire. In 1630 the college compounded with 



.395 

his executors for £250, ' to bee acquit of all the Landes which 
the said Mr Dauyes by his last will and testament bequeathed 
to this Colledge.' This was paid by instalments between 
that year and 1637, but the money being in the hands of 
Dr Martin, it was sequestered by the parliamentary party in 
1642 with his own property, and so was lost to the college. 

VI Journale. 1623-24. fo. 13. b. [Apr.] For charges into War- 
wicksliii'e i — xj — o. 

1627-28. fo. 31. [Sept.] Spent in the suite for M' Davis an- 
nuity 0. 16. 8 

Junii 25, 1633, 

Joannes Kidby et Thomas Robinson assignati sunt a prsesidente 
et sociis ad loca ilia scholarium, quse pro proximo anno fundanda 
sunt ex illis pecuuiis quse mutuo arbitratu inter collegium et haeredes 
cujusdam M" Davers solutse et acceptse sunt in satisfactionem plena- 
riara istius annul redditus, quern idem M"" Davers e terris suis in 
Lemington-Hastings Comitatus Warwic. moriens collegio legavit. 

(Old Parchm. Reg. 17. b.) 

In 1607 James Stoddard, citizen and grocer of London, 
founded one scholarship by will, which he endowed with a 
rentcharge on the inn called the Swan with two necks. Lad 
Lane, London (Form of Commemoration of Benefactors, p. 6). 

In 1607 George, fourth earl of Huntingdon, was entertained 
by the college. His visit was probably occasioned by his grand- 
son Henry, afterwards fifth earl, being a member of the college, 
having been admitted a fellow-commoner in Oct. 1601. 

V Journale. 1606-07. fo. 115. [Aug.] Item for the earle of Hun- 
tingdons entertainm* iiij''. v^ iiij'^. 

On 11 April 1608 Dr William Chaderton, bishop of Lincoln 
and late president of Queens' college, died at Buckden Hunt- 
ingdonshire. 

On 5 May 1610 Lewis Frederick, prince of Wirtenberg, 
visited Cambridge. Besides Trinity college, St John's college 
and King's college, he inspected Queens' college among others 
(W. B. Rye, England as seen hy Foreigners. London 1865. 4°. 
p. cxix). 

26—2 



396 

John Lumley lord Lumley died on 11 April 1609, aged 76. 
In May 1549 he was matriculated as fellow-commoner of 
Queens' college. He was a nobleman of antiquarian and lite- 
rary tastes, and his library was the most valuable collection of 
books, that up to his time had been made in England (Cooper, 
Ath. ii. 516-521). 

In the autumn of 1610 the town of Cambridge was visited 
with the plague (Cooper, Ann. iii. 40), and in November the 
college 'brak upp for 5 weeks' (Old Parchm. Reg. 1. b). 

In 1610 the university and the town completed a new river 
from a place called the Nine Wells in the parish of Great Shel- 
ford to the town of Cambridge for the purpose of scouring and 
cleansing the common drain called the king's ditch (Cooper, 
Ann. iii. 37). 

V Journale. 1610-11. fo. 135. [Jan.] For scowring the new 
I'iver 5°. 

1611-12. fo. 142. b. [Aug.] To Alexander Bond for the yearly 
contribution toward the maintenance of the common 
drayn v'. 

1612-13 fo. 147. b. [July] Towards the newe river v'. 

1613-14. fo. 152. b. [Aug.] Ffor the new river a yearely allow- 
ance , . . . . v'. 




HE celebrated puritan divine, John Preston of Hey- 
ford Northamptonshire, who was afterwards master of 
Emmanuel college, became fellow of Queens' towards 
the end of Dr Tyndall's life. Though not from Eton school, he 
matriculated as a sizar at King's college in July 1604. His 
admission at Queens' college is not recorded in the college 
books, but from his life written by his pupil Thomas Ball, 
(printed in Samuel Clarke's Lives of Thirty-Two English 
Divines, fo. London, 1677), it appears that he migrated thither 
about 1606, when 'his Tutor, Master Busse, was chosen Master 
of the School at Eaton' and was 'received and admitted under 
the tuition of Master Oliver Bowles, one of the Fellows of that 
House, a very godly learned man,' He was B.A. 1607-8, being 
then 20 years of age. 



397 

The fellow of King's, who became master of Eton school as 
here mentioned, was Matthew Bust, the son of Matthew Bust 
fellow of Eton; he was admitted at King's college in 1603 
and became head-master of Eton in 1611. He has Latin and 
French verses in the Threno-thriambeuticon of 1603, 

Thomas Ball seems again not very trustworthy, as he makes 
Oliver Bowles leave the college for the rectory of Sutton Bed- 
fordshire about the time of Preston's B.A. degree, whereas he 
received only a half-year's stipend as fellow in the year 1605-06, 
and so, if this included his year of grace, he must have been 
presented to Sutton about Easter 1605. Any how he left the 
college at the latest about Easter 1606, while Preston did not 
become B.A. for nearly two years afterwards. 

He is described as a very hard-working student, even against 
the advice of his tutor, and he ' came off with honour and ap- 
plause in all his acts, and was admired in the Regent House 
when he sate for his degree, both by the Posers and all the 
Masters that examined him.' 

After taking his degree, he became scholar of Queens' about 
Sept. 1608, and seems to have resided the greater part of the 
time, till he commenced M.A. in 1611. Almost immediately 
afterwards he was elected fellow. 

Ball gives- the following account of his election : — 
. When Oliver Bowles left the college, ' another of the Fellows, 
then Master, (afterward) Doctor Porter became his Tutor, a very 
learned man and great Philosopher, who never went about for 
to disswade him from his studies, but gave him all assistance 
and encouragement. The year following it came unto his Tutor 
to be Head Lecturer in the College, and Sir Preston being to 
probleme in the Chappel, made such an accurate and strong 
position, and answered so understandingly, that his Tutor bor- 
rowed his position of him, when he had done, to look on and 
peruse; and finding it elaborate, resolved to make more use of 
it, than ever his pupil did intend. 

' The Master of the CoUedge at that time was Doctor Tyndal, 
who was also Dean of Ely, and resided for the most part there ; 
Thither his Tutor goes, and carries his position with him, which 
he shewed to the Master, and acquainted him with what he had 



398 

observed, that he was a youth of parts and worth, and deserved 
some incouragement ; The Master was an honest gallant man, 
and loved a Scholar, and was glad of any opportunity to shew it, 
and so bids his Tutor send Sir Preston over unto Ely to him, where 
he assured him, he should not want what was in him to do him 
good ; and bade him hold on, and he would take care for him : 
and there being an Election in the Colledge, soon after he was 
chosen Fellow by the unanimous consent of Master and Fel- 
lows, and his Tutor, Master Porter, brought him word of it, as 
he was at study, not thinking anything, and told him that he 
must come down into the Chappel presently to be admitted, 
and accordingly was admitted Fellow of Queens Colledge in Cam- 
bridge Anno Dom. 1609. That is, five years after his first 
admission into the University.' 

Although Porter was Censor Philosophicus for the year 
1608-09, it would seem that Ball is again wrong; he has possibly 
confused the circumstances of Preston's scholarship election in 
1608 and his subsequent fellowship election, Preston was cer- 
tainly both scholar B.A. and fellow M.A. in the year Michs. 1610 
to Michs. 1611. His statutory stipend as fellow would have been 
2^. 2d. a week, and as he received 42s. 3d!. (Y Journale. 1610-11) 
he must have been fellow for about 19 weeks before Michaelmas 
1611, or have been elected towards the middle of May 1611. 
Very soon after (21 June) we find students of the college entered 
under him, and in common with many other fellows he appears as 
taking pupils, though not any great number, till the death of the 
president. He did not hold any college office under Dr Tyndall. 

' Before he commenced M.A, he was so far from eminency 
as but a little above contempt ; thus the most generous wines 
are the most muddy before they fine. Soon after his skill in 
philosophy rendered him to the most general respect of the 
university' (Fuller, Worthies, Northamptonshire). 

Thomas Ball of Salop, the above quoted biographer of John 
Preston, was admitted sizar of Queens' college under Preston 
14 May 1618. He was B.A. 1621-2. He lived afterwards at 
Northampton. 

King James I. seems to have been very anxious to procure 



399 

the admission of his countrymen to fellowships and scholarships 
in the colleges. A remonstrance was sent by the heads of 
houses to the chancellor of the university Feb. 1610-1, shew- 
ing that Scottish students could not legally be elected on the 
foundations, the statutes forbidding any born out of the realm 
of England to be chosen, and also that they could not be main- 
tained by any allowances from the colleges, because their found- 
ations were already full, their expenses thus equalling their 
income. Under the aext president we find Lewis Wemys a 
Scotchman elected fellow by royal mandate, so that the re- 
monstrance of the university did not put a stop to the practice 
complained of (Cooper, Ann. iii. 43). 

In 1612 Roger Manners fifth earl of Rutland died on 26 
June, aged 38. He had been a member of Queens' college, 
having been admitted fellow-commoner on 27 Nov. 1587 ; he 
was one of Dr Jegon's pupils, and, when he became master of 
Corpus Christi college. Lord Rosse (as he then was) migrated 
to that college, where he took the degree of M.A. in 1594 
(Masters, C. G. C. C. 127, 344). 

The college had a right of appointing a proctor for the year 
1612-13. Accordingly on the Oct. 1611 at the annual meeting 
for the election of officers Stephen Hagget, M.A. was chosen by 
the majority "of the society. However some of the society pro- 
tested against the validity of this election, and another one was 
held on 20 July 1612 confirming the previous result, and 
although even then some objected, yet he was admitted to the 
office by the university (Old Parchm. Reg. 1, 2). 

The following petition preserved in the Public Record Office 
(Cal. State Papers 1611-18, p. 106) refers to this dispute. 

To the right Honourable Earle of Salisbury our most worthy 

Chancellour : 
The humble petition of the feUowes of Queens Colledge in Cam- 
bridge, Sheweth 
That whereas it was your Lp's pleasure (whome all that live in 
thuniversity are sworne to obey) upon our humble suite, to inhibits 
the Master and fellowes of the said Colledge ether to proceed to a 
newe election of the proctorship, or to ratify the ould, untill your 
Lordship had given sentence of the validity of that had beene done 



400 

allready : notwitlistanding the master attempting to ratify the pre- 
tended election seeks advantage of a Colledge statute misapplied, to 
force tis to surcease (upon hazard of our places) the plea w* wee have 
entered upon, and wherein your Lordship by vertue of our appeals 
hathe sore interest to determine. Wherfore our humble suite unto 
your Lordship is this : to bee pleased to assist us with your Lord- 
ships second inhibition to the Yicechancelour and heads, that they 
proceed not at the instance of our Master, to admonish us upon 
perill of our places to let fall our just exceptions against the pre- 
tended election untill your Lordships pleasure be further knowne. 
And V7ee your Lordships humble suppliants shall acknowledge our- 
selves ever bound to pray for encrease of your honour. Your Lo^'. 
humble oratours 

George Porter. Thomas Bendish. 

John Mansell. Abdias Cole. 

Giles Burie. Laurence Britten. 

John Towers. Edmunde Bardseye. 




HE following miscellaneous items from the bursars' ac- 
counts belong to this mastership : 



lY Journale. 1578-79. fo. 135. b. [Aug.] Item to doctor 

Chaderton for horse breade at divers tymes due unto hym at 

his departure and payd then vij^ ij^. 

1579-80. fo. 138. b. [Sept.] Item for carriadg of auld stuff to 

the fayre and bringing home of newe vij*. 

fo. 142. b. [March] Item to M'' Wilkinson for preaching at 

S' Dennys his church in London on -i^sterdaye vj^viij*. 

fo. 145. [Aug.] In primis for perfume att M"" Goad [fellow 

1571-79] his buriall viij". 

1580-81. fo. 152. [June] Item to Reignolde Tolson for fyve 

cartes that brought timber ij^ vj"*. 

1581-82. fo. 158. [May] Item to S' Capell for glass in his 

chamber and both the studies ij^ ix"*. 

1582-83. fo. 162. b. [Jan.] Item for xxiij hard stones for paving 

of the enterie from the great brydge to the cloysters . . . xjl vj**. 
Item a marchpayne and a potle of hypocras given by the colledge 

to the B. of Lyncolne [Thomas Cooper D.D. bishop of Lin- 

colne 1571-84, and of Winchester 1584-94] xj'. 



401 

fo. 163. [Feb.] Item a loyne of mutton for tlie musitians .... xviij**. 
1583-84. fo. 168. [Oct.] Item irons for the seacole fires in the 

parlor xvij^ 

Item for killing two buzzards vij''. 

fo. 169 b. [March] Item beer for the auditt, 2 hogshedds strong 

and two barrells comon xxxij\ 

1584-85. fo. 174. b. [Jan.] Item to Gibbons mending the table 

and formes in the parlor a day xij'^, 

fo. 175. b. [Apr.] Item blacking the walls of the tennis- 

cort xviij^ 

fo. 176. [Apr,] Item a loyne of mutton for the wayts xx''. 

[May] Item a payre of hooks for the pondyeard dore viij'*. 

Item a greene carpet for the M" vj^ 

1585-86. fo. 181. [Feb.] Inprimis to the Hebrewe reader geven 

him by consent xx'. 

fo. 182. b. [Aug.] Item to Gibbons... mending the bridge bet- 

twixt the garden and the iland [etc.] xij**. 

1586-87. fo. 185. b. [Oct.] Item for bringing in of 13 cholder 

of seacole for the coiiions and parloure fyer iij^ 

fo, 186. Item to Gibbon and another carpenter 6 day work in 

the pondyard xij^ 

fo. 186. b. [Jan.] Item for 2. newe towells for the fellowes 

buttry , xiijl iiij'*. 

Item a kay for the sedge yarde gate vj**. 

Y Journale, 1587-88. fo. 3. b. [Jan.] Item the musitians sup- 
per xviij^ 

fo. 4. b. [July] Item mowinge orchyarde and friers xij**. 

1589-90. fo. 12. b. [Oct.] Item to .4. that worked a whole 

night ij^ -vjd. 

Item for watchinge on Sunday night '^j''. 

Item to Lambe watchinge one night viij**. 

fo. 13. b. [Jan.] Item our Masters chardges att London .2. 

tearmes and an extracte of M" Towers will XJ"' "vj** . 

1590-91. fo. 20. b. [Oct.] Item allowed Vaiihan for his chardges 

to Elie iij'. 

1 59 1-92. fo. 25. [Oct.] It. for a bible to read in the hall . . . iiijl iiij"*. 

fo. 26. [Dec] It. for ij cast of counters xvj''. 

fo. 26. b. [Mar.] It. to m"" Covill for a sermon vj'. viij''. 

fo. 27. [May] Inprimis a yard and a half of blew for the porters 

liverie xij^ vj''. 



402 

It. an ell of fustian for it xij^ ' 

It. facyng xviij<*. 

It. buttons and silke for it xiiij*. 

1592-93. fo. 35. [July] It. c brick about the wall in the seniors 

garden xx"*. 

fo. 35. b. [Sept.] It. for carriage of mony by Hobson to \ 

London iiij^ iiij*. j 

1593-94. fo. 39. [Nov.] Inprimis for mending the tables in the 

parlor and perfuming it viij''. ; 

fo. 39. b. [Dec] It. for putting barrs in the coUedge windowes ij 

towards the streete iiij*. ] 

[Jan.] It. for beaver for reading the statutes v'. vj**. ) 

fo. 40. b. [April] Item to M' Mountayne and S' Pearson for 

their chardges to Huntinton vj'. 

Item for their horse heire thither iiij^ viij^ ! 

fo. 42 .b. [Sept.] Item to M"" Smith for the porters cognizaimce. . . xx^ 
fo. 43. Item to Thomas House for laundring the Coll : linn- i 

ing X'. X*. 

It' for a grene Carpete for the M' his Lodginge lixl viij"*. 

1594-95. fo. 45. [Oct.] Item for 2 casts of counters ijl ij*. 

fo. 45. b. [Nov.] Item for the musition's suppers on the Queenes 

daie viij . 

1595-96. fo. 52. b. [March] Item for a set of counters xij*. 

fo. 53. [June] It. for makeing up the Hand banke with 

rubish xiijl iiij"*. 

1597-9'8. fo. 63. [Nov.] Item for clensing the river imder the 

Bocards vj*. 

1598-99. fo. 70. [Feb.] Item for cariing slates by John a Wood 

two days out of the wadward into the orchard xvj^ 

fo. 72. [Sept.] Item the charges of m' Damport and m'' ffrancis 

Tyndall auditor of the colledg being at London attending uppon 

the commissioners about the assurance and repurchacing of 

the mannure of Okington to the colledg again . . . xxv". xiij^ vij**. 
1599-1600. fo. 75. b. [Feb.] Item for charges and horsemeat 

for M' Mountaine and myself the second tyme wee went to 

Bugdin iij'. ix"^. 

1600-01. fo. 80. [Oct.] It. 2 cast of counters ij^ iiij". 

1601-02. fo. 85. [Oct.] Bourdes for the chamber above M' Church 

[tutor of the earl of Huntingdon] 20''. 

1602-03. fo. 91. b. [Dec] For a sett of counters xij^. 



403 

1603-04, fo. 96. b. [Feb.] ffor wine and a marclipaine for the 

Bishop of Lincolne xiij^ x**. 

fo. 97. b. [June] ffor the Porters badge iij^ vj<*. 

1605-06. fo. 106. [Sept.] Item for a cast of counters 10**. 

Item for a cast of counters for M'' Smith 1 8*^. 

1606-07. fo. 115. b. [Sept.] Item to Ledington (adm. sizar 28 

Nov. 1 604) for writing the statutes x.\ 

1607-08. fo. 119. b. [Feb.] A sett of bone coimters for M"- Smith... ij^ 

fo. 121. [Aug.] A longe wainscott table with leaves iij''. 

A doozen and halfe of Scottish and Mockador cushions iij''. 

1609-10. fo. 129. [Oct.] For the Princes aide. (Cooper, Ann. 

iii. 30) v". 

fo. 129. b. [Dec] To the gardiner for crabstocks 3'. 6*. 

fo. 131. [July] for a lode of freestone to mend the Bogards. ... \3\ 4**. 

fo. 131. b. [Aug.] To the kings trumpeters 2^ 6**. 

1610-11. fo. 135. [Jan.] For taking out the beare, and watching 

it, and scouring the sellar 2^ 6'*. 

Two yards of brode cloth for a carpet for the Audit chamber. . . 22^ 
fo. 135. b. [March] To the carpenter for making the arbours in 

the Masters garden 8\ 

1611-12. fo. 140. [Dec] A sette of counters for our Master. . . iij^ j^. 
fo. 142, [June] Given to an Italian preacher by the appoint- 
ment of our Master xx^ 

1612-13. fo. 146. [Jan.] ffor the Ladie Elizabeth hir aide v". 

fo. 146. b. [Mar.] To M' Tyndall for charges w-^^ he was at 

about the rent for Eversden manor v'. iiij**. 

Towards the princes entertainment. (Prince Charles. Cooper, 

A7in. iii. 56-7) xP. 

For tarre to dresse the trees in the friers ij^ 

fo. 147. [May] To an Italian protestant at D'' Davenant his 

appointment xx'. 

To Martin Pust for a bill of inditment against Mxon that stole 

the coll. peuter [and] for a poor labourer that was stopped a 

whole day for a witnesse, in all ij'- x**. 

1613-14. fo. 150. [Sept.] To an Italian Knight x'. 

fo, 150. b. [Dec] The 16 of Decembr' for S' Thomas Smyths 

feast xx^ 

To S'' ffrauncis Bacons man for bringeing venison x^ 

[Jan.] ffor hire of 2 horses for 2 workemen to M'' Deane of 

Westminster xiiij'. 



404 

To one of my L. Dukes Trumpeters ij'. vj*. 

fo. 151. [Feb.] Gyven to S' Jolm Tyndall's clerke by our M" ap- I 

pointment x'. 

[March] ffor stuffe and 3 dales "worke to a carpenter aboute the 

Ilande bridge vij'. xj^ 

fo. lol. b. [April] ffor paynters worke about the bridges to the 

garden and Hand [etc.] iiij^ 

[May] ffor palinge the seniors garden xxxij^ vij**. 

fo, 152. [June] ffor worke done about D'' Davenant, M' Turner 

and M' Bendish theire schollers studies iiij'. iiij**. 




405 




Dolbtt IBabenant* 

20 Oct. 1614— April 1622. 

12—20 Jac. I. 

N Thomas Ball's life of John 
Preston is the following curious 
and characteristic account of the 
way, in which the election to the 
presidentship on tlie death of Dr 
Tyndall was managed by him : 

' . . , And so he (Preston) went 
on in his work, untill Doctor 
Tyndal [Master of the Colledge] 
died. He was an old man, and 
that preferment of the Master- 
ship of Queens, was more ac- 
counted of than noAv it is. There were very many that 
had their eyes upon it, but Doctor Mountain in a special man- 
ner, who was- often heard for to professe, he would rather be 
Master of that Colledge than Dean of Westminster. But Master 
Preston had another in his eye. Doctor Davenant was a Gen- 
tleman descended, and was a Fellow-Commoner when under 
Graduate, but very painfull, and of great capacity, and grew 
accordingly in learning and in reputation, and for his worth 
and parts was already chosen Margaret Professour, and read in 
the Schools with much applause those excellent Lectures upon 
the Colossians which now are printed ; Him Master Preston 
pitched upon, but knew it must be carried very privately ; for 
the mountain was already grown into some bignesse, was one of 
parts, and first observed in acting Miles gloriosus in the Col- 
ledge, and had been Chaplain unto the Earl of Essex, but like 
the Heliotrope or flower of the Sun, did now adore Sir Robert 
Carr, already Viscount Rochester, the only Favourite. 

' When it was agreed among the Persians, that he should 



40(j 

reign, whose horse first saw the rising Sun, and neighed at 
it, one turned his horse head towards the mountains, be- 
lieving that the Sun would first arise there ; but it fell not 
out so here. Master Preston having laid his plot before-hand,! 
and seen what mountain was in his way, had taken care that 
word should be daily brought him how the old Doctor did, and 
when he found him irrecoverable, laid horses and all things 
ready ; and upon notice of his being dead, goes presently and 
was at London, and in White-Hall before any light appeared 
upon the mountain top ; the Court was quiet, and he had somei 
Friends there. His businesse was only to get a free Election, 
which he made means for to procure : But knowing also with 
whom he had to do, makes some addresses unto Yiscount Ro- 
chester in the behalf of Doctor Davenant, who being unac- 
quainted with his Chaplains appetite to that particular, was 
fair and willing to befriend a learned enterprise. So Master I 
Preston returns unto the Colledge before the Masters death was 
much took notice of; and assembling Doctor Davenants Friends, 
acquaints them with what had past at Court, and so they went | 
immediately to Election, and it was easily and fairly carried 
for Doctor Davenant, who being called, was admitted presently. 
But when Doctor Mountain understood that Doctor Tyndal was 
departed, he sends and goes to Court and Colledge for to make 
friends : But alas the game was played, and he was shut out. 
Never did JEtna or Vesuvius more fume, but there was no cure; 
only he threatens and takes on against the Actors, but they 
were innocent and not obnoxious. This Doctor had made great 
promises, gave a very goodly piece of Plate into the Colledge 
with this inscription, Sic incipio^, but now he vowed it should 
be Sic desino. However the Colledge for the present was well 
paid, and grew in reputation very much ; and because they wanted 
room to entertain the numbers that flocked to them, built that 
goodly Fabrick that contains many fair Lodgings both for Schol- 
lars and Fellows, towards Kings Colledge'. (Tho, Ball, Life of 
Dr John Preston, in Clarke's Lives, 1677, fo. pp. 83, 4; it was 
written before 1655, when Fuller published his Church History .) 

^ Dr Mountaine's Poculum Caritatis, weighing 37 oz., was sent with other 
college plate to Oxford in 1642. 



407 



HE Davenants were an ancient family, which resided 
on a domain called Davenant's land in the parish of 
Sible Headingham Essex in the reign of Henry III. 
The descent of the family, given as 'from Mr Wm. Holman 
of Halstead 1722,' in MS. Baker xxx. 452, is as follows : 




m 



t ^ 

i p5 



H 



w 



© «!-( 



'C 












f! 


^ 


+a 


bo 


a 


P 


a 


^ 


^i* 


■3 


eS 


£iO 


CIS 


J 


!L| 


© 


U 


cS 


31 




s 


© 


s 


II- 








3 


«t-l 


1— 1 


A 


O 




^ 


'd 


f4 


Cm 

o 


■73 


Ph 


•to 

i4 




s 

© 


1 


II — 


"ft 


p 


.£3 


ft — 


-c 


# 


fl 


.a 


C3 


.a 


o 


Ph 


o 


i-s 




►-S 







Pi 
S 



^ 



a 



PQ 



s 


s 


-u 


W 


-ft 


^ 


-Ti 


Ph 


;.< 


•^l 


J 


P^ 



© pH 



o 



P5 






11- 

a 
o 

o 



r^ P^ 



&o 



o 

•-3 



^ 



O 



he 
© o 



A 



fe 



o 



Ti .2 



> 



« S 
a. 2 

©r— 

oSOQ 

o 



„ «§ 

II ^'^ 
_• o ei 
Q'-s o 

■^ ^ O 
t3 © © 
^ § I 



II O.P 

tJOgH «« 



:=iPh • 
L-a 3 . © ® 

© 






408 

John Davenant was born 20 May 1572. 'His Father was 
a wealthy and religious citizen of London,' a merchant tailor 
living in Watling Street, who had acquired a large estate in 
trade. He was admitted a pensioner of Queens' college under 
Mr Seaman 4 July 1587. Fuller his nephew and Ball both by 
mistake make him fellow-commoner. He was also matriculated 
as pensioner in Dec. 1587. He had an elder brother Edward, 
of whom Aubrey {Lives, ii. 297) gives this account : 'He under- 
stood Greeke and Latin perfectly and was a better Grecian then 
the Bishop. He writt a rare Greeke character as ever I sawe. 
He was a great mathematician and understood as much of it as 
was knowen in his time.' 

He was B.A. 1590-91. 

In Ayscough's Catalogue of MSS. in the British Museum we 
find (p. 146, n°. 108) under date of 15 Sept. 1593 a letter 
addressed by him to F. Bacon. 

He commenced M.A. in 1594, 

He was elected fellow of Queens' college 2 Sept. 1597, and 
admitted apparently about Easter 1598. 

When a fellowship was first offered him, his father would 
not allow him to accept it, though offered, ' as conceiving it a 
bending of these places from the direct intent of the Founders, 
when they are bestowed on such as have plenty. Though in- 
deed such preferments are appointed, as well for the reward of 
those that are worthy, as the relief of those that want : and 
after his Fathers death he was chosen into that Society. In 
his youthful exercises, he gave such an earnest of his future 
maturity, that Dr WJiitaker ' [Master of St John's College and 
Regius Professor of Divinity] ' hearing him dispute, said. That 
he would in time prove the Honour of the University/. A predic- 
tion' (says Fuller, Church History, sub anno 1641, § 53) 'that 
proved not untrue ; when afterward he was chosen Margaret 
Professour of Divinity [in 1609], being as yet but' [36 years of 
age and] ' a private Fellow of the Colledge.' 

When he was ordained has not been ascertained, but it was 
probably about 1597. 

In 1597-98 he was Examinator, in 1598-99 and 1599-1600 
Lector Grascus, and in 1600-01 Decanus sacelli ; he does not 
seem to have held any other college offices. 



40.9 

He was B.D. in 1601. 

Richard Parker in his Skeletos states him to have been 

'Rector of in the county of Lincoln,' without giving the 

name of the parish ; Mr Gorham in his Collections (now in lord 
Spencer's library at Althorp) mentions him as rector of Leyke 
(Leake) Nottinghamshire. 

He probably did not reside in college, as we find only two 
members of his family admitted pensioners under him, George 
Davenant on 24 May 1602, and Edward Davenant on 18 Dec. 
1609. 

On ... July 1608 Robert Cecil, earl of Salisbury, the chan- 
cellor of the university, wrote to the vice-chancellor to the fol- 
lowing effect : ' Where I understand you purpose to proceed to 
the election of the Divinity Reader of the Lady Margaret, 
though I have no purpose to prevent Mr Playfayer formerly 
interessed in the same, yet I have thought good to recommend 
unto you one Mr Davenant, B.D. and Fellow of Queens' College, 
well known among you ; and do request that if the reputation 
of his parts and learning be equal with his competitor, you 
would acknowledge my inclination and suffrage with him, and 
make choice of him to the Readership.' (Bp. Fisher's sermon 
for Lady Margaret ed. Hymers, 74; Cal. State Papers 1603-10, 
450). 

Of this Thomas Playfere Fuller says ; ' The counsel of the 
apostle is good, (l)pov6iv ek to aax^povelv. His foe-friends com- 
mending of him, and his own conceiting of himself, made too 
deep an impression on his intellectuals. It added to his 
distemper that when his re-election to his place (after his last 
two years' end) was pat into the Regent-house, a great Doctor 
said, "Detur digniori".' [Worthies, Kent.) This was probably 
the time when Mr Davenant was his competitor. Dr Playfere 
had at this time outlived his great reputation, yet was he re- 
elected. However he did not hold the professorship much 
longer, as he died 2 Feb. 1608-9. The life of Mr Davenant's 
opponent is written in Cooper, Ath. ii. 513. On the following 
day the vice-chancellor Dr Jegon, master of Corpus Christi 
college, wrote to the earl of Salisbury, announcing to him the 
death of Mr Playfere and also that the university was well 

27 



410 

affected towards Mr Davenant for his successor (Cal. State 
Papers 1603-10, 489), and he was accordingly elected lady 
Margaret professor on 13 Feb. 1608-9 ; to this office he was 
re-elected 10 July 1612, and held it with great reputation till 
1622. 

In 1609 he was created D.D. 

On 31 March 1612 Dv Davenant was presented by the 
college to the vicarage of Hockington Cambridgeshire, and was 
instituted 8 April. He however soon resigned it, as his suc- 
cessor was instituted 30 Nov. (II Lease-book fo. 321.) 

Thomas Fuller, Dr Davenant's nephew, relates the following 
anecdote of him belonging to this period. ' A Reverend Doctour 
in Cambridge, and afterwards Bishop of Sarishury, was troubled 
at his small living at Hogginton with a peremptory Anabaptist, 
who plainly told him, It goes against my Conscience to pay you 
Tithes, except you can shew me a place of Scripture whereby 
they are due unto you. The Doctor returned ; Why should it not 
go as much against my Conscience, that you shoidd enjoy your 
Nine parts, for which you can sheiu no place of Scripture ? To 
whom the other rejoined; But I have for my Land, Deeds and 
Evidences from my Fathers, who purchased, and were peaceably 
possessed thereof by the Laws of the Land. The same is my 
Title, saith the Doctour; Tithes being confirmed unto me by 
many statutes of the Land time out of mind. Thus he drave 
that Nail, not which was of the strongest Metall or sharpest 
Point, but which would go best for the present. It was Argu- 
mentum ad hominem, fittest for the person he was to meddle 
with ; who afterwa.rds peaceably paid his Tithes unto him. 
Had the Doctour ingaged in Scripture-Argument, though never 
so pregnant and pertinent, it had been endlesse to dispute with 
him, who made Clamour the end of his Dispute, whose Obsti- 
nacy and Ignorance made him uncapable of solid Reason ; and 
therefore the worse the Argument, the better for his Apprehen- 
sion.' {Church Hist, sub anno 855.) 

When Prince Charles and the Elector Palatine visited Cam- 
bridge in March 1612-3, an extraordinary commencement was 
held, and scholastical disputations took place in St Mary's church, 
Dr Davenant being appointed to moderate in the one in Theo- 



411 

logy between Dr Samuel Collins and Mr John Williams 
(Hacket's Life of Williams, 24, 26). 

Speaking of the dexterity of Collins, Hacket thus mentions 
Dr Davenant : ' It was well for all sides, that the best Divine in 
my Judgment, that ever was in that place, Dr Davenant held 
the Rains of the Disputation ; he kept him within the even 
Boundals of the Cause ; he charmed him with the Caduccean 
Wand of Dialectical Prudence ; he order'd him to give just 
Weight and no more. Horat. I. 1. Od. 8. Quo non Arbiter 
Adrice major tollere, seu ponere vult freta. Such an Arbiter as 
he was now, such he was, and no less, year by year, in all Comi- 
tial Disputations ; wherein whosoever did well, yet constantly 
he had the greatest Acclamation.' 




N the death of Dr Tyndall, Dr Davenant was, by the 
device of John Preston already mentioned, chosen 
president of Queens' college, 20 Oct, 1614, and was 
admitted the same day. Who the 'very many' were that wished 
the place, as Ball says, or the 'three others' before whom he 
was preferred, as Lloyd states, does not appear, with the ex- 
ception of Dr George Mountain and perhaps Dr George Meriton 
(p. 361). 

George Mountaigne, mentioned as Dr Davenant's com- 
petitor for the presidentship, was born 'honestis penatibus' 
at Cawood Yorkshire in 1569, was elected fellow of Queens' 
college 15.92; he was dean of Westminster 1610, and bishop 
successively of Lincoln 1617, of London 1621, of Durham 1627, 
and finally archbishop of York 1628, in which year he died. 
He must have known of the death of Dr Tyndall almost as 
soon as Preston, as on the following day he addressed the fol- 
lowing letter of condolence to the society, in which strangely 
enough he recommends the same course to be taken as that 
adopted by Preston, viz. procuring freedom of election to the 
fellows. This letter is preserved in the college. 

Salutem in Xhro. 
Gentlemen, 

Having lived long in that Colledg and brought tip in the same 
under D' Tindall, I could doe no lesse then condole his death w"^ 

27—2 



412 

youe and y^ Colledg, from whome, wliilst I lived tlier, not only my self 
but the whole Colledg receaved so mutch good, and therfore I am 
bold to intreate youe all, as youe ar all bound unto him, so to strive 
every one how youe may best honor him, either by sepulture in y' 
chappell, or other funeral solemnities, w"^ as I will not p'"scribe unto 
youe, of whose wisdomes I am so well assured, so if youe wilbe pleased 
to lett me understand what course youe think meet to be holden in 
the. same, I wilbe redy to joyne w"" y^ colledg and w**" you especially 
in y^ point of expens and chardg, for I desire very mutch to bring one 
stone myself unto his Monument. 

And because I have begun to write unto youe, I pray youe give 
me leave to proceede a little further, and first to crave y' good Inter- 
p'tation for that I shall write ; proceeding (I protest to God) of no 
other Humor, but a zeale I have for y^ good of youe all and of y® 
Colledg. If I were worthy to advise youe, the first thing I would have 
done should be an humble supplication to his Ma"^ for a free Election, 
w* who desires not loves not the Colledg, and then, if that be granted, 
I nothing doubt but God will bless the rest, so as y* w*out all parti- 
ality and faction he shalbe chosen, w"^ is the likeliest most to advaunce 
y® good of y* Colledg, w* I desire and wish w* all my hart ; and so 
craving pardon if I have bene to bold to show my desires and zeale 
for y* good of that Colledg, I remaine to that worthy society and Colledg 

A faythful servant 

and friend 

George Montaigne. 
Westminster this 13* of Octob. 1614. 

Addressed : 

To the Rightworshipf" the 

Senior fellow of Queenes 

Colledg now at home and 

the rest of y' worthy 

society dd 

Notwithstanding the resentment against the college, which 
Ball imputes to Mountaigne, he was soon reconciled to it, as in 
1618 he bestowed a house in Cambridge on it, for the purpose 
of endowing two scholarships. 



I 



I 



413 



By the king's command the vice-chancellor, the two pro- 
fessors in divinity, Dr Davenant and Dr Eichardson, the dean 
of St Paul's, and the master of St John's college, attended him 
at Newmarket on 3 Dec. 1616, when he gave them certain 
directions for the routine of the university (Cooper, Ann. iii. 
104). 

In 1618 Dr Davenant was sent by James I., together with 
Dr George Carleton bishop of Llandaff, Dr Joseph Hall dean 
of Worcester, afterwards bishop of Norwich, and Dr Samuel 
Ward master of Sidney college, as deputies from the English 
church to the synod of Dort or Dordrecht. Dr Davenant and 
Dr Ward attended before the king 8 Oct. at Royston, and 
landed 20 Oct. at Middleburg. The synod opened 3 Novem- 
ber 1618 and closed 29 April 1619. At the conclusion the 
States gave them £200 for their expenses, and 'besides, a 
golden Medall of good value was given to every one of them, 
wherein the sitting of the Synod was artificially represented.' 
After a tour through Holland they returned to England. The 
king ' after courteous entertaining of them, favourably dismissed 
them,' and they 'returned to their several professions,..,Dr 
Davenant, besides his Collegiate Cure, to his constant Lectures 
in the Schools' (Fuller, Church Hist.). 

The medal is 2^ in. in diameter ; on the obverse is a repre- 
sentation of the synod with the inscription ASSERTA RELIGIONE, 
on the reverse, a mountain, on the summit of which is a temple, 
to which men are ascending along a very steep path. The four 
winds are blowing with very great violence against the moun- 
tain. Above the temple is written nirT*. The inscription is 
Erunt ut mons Sion. cioiocxix. It is engraved in Van Loon 
ii. 105, and (the obverse only) in Walton's Lives, London (Wash- 
bourne) 1857, 8vo. p. 69. 

Edward Davenant, fellow of Queens' and nephew of the 
president, went with his uncle, as the following college-order 
implies : 

Octob. 6th 1618. 

Leave granted M' Davenant to go into Holland, and all his allow- 
ances till his return, as yf hee wer at home. J. D. 

(Old Parchment Reg. fo. 9. b.) 



414 

'At a public election, lie gave his negative voice against 
a near kinsman, and a most excellent scholar [Mr John Gore 
(afterwards knighted) of Gilesden in Hertfordshire]. " Cousin," 
said he, "I will satisfy your father, that you have worth, but 
not want, enough to be one of our society " ' (Fuller, Worthies, 
London.) John Gore of London was admitted pensioner 20 March 
1618-4 and fellow-commoner 14 Jan. 1615-6, and was B.A. ad 
Baptistam 1617. 

He was presented to the rectory of Cottenham in Cam- 
bridgeshire by archbishop Abbot 27 Sept. 1620 (MS. Lansd. 
985, fo. 3). His successor Leonard Mawe afterwards bishop of 
Bath and Wells became rector in 1623. 

In MS. Baker xxxij. 166, we find a draft of dispensation to 
Dr John Davenant fellow of Queens' college and Lady Mar- 
garet professor to hold together his fellowship for the space of 
ten years with any benefices not exceeding the yearly value of 
£40, sent up by Ja. Montague bishop of Bath and Wells. 




iN 1621 Dr Davenant became bishop of Salisbury, by 
the influence of Dr John Williams then only dean of 
Westminster, but soon to be bishop of Lincoln and 
Lord Keeper. He was one of four, whose advancement Williams 
' being warm in Favour ' procured at the time of his own 
promotion. ' Twelve years he had been Public Reader in Cam- 
bridge, and had adorn'd the Place with much Learning, as 
no Professor in Europe did better deserve to receive the la- 
bourer's Peny at the twelfth Hour of the Day.' The others 
were Dr Carey, Dr Laud, and Dr Donne (Hacket, Life of 
Williams, i. 63). Li a letter to Dr Samuel Ward, dated 
27 May 1621, he mentions his appointment to the see of 
Salisbury (MS. Tanner Ixxiij. 31). The conge d'elire was dated 
29 May 1621. He was elected 11 June, and received the royal 
assent 10 August ; he was confirmed 17 Nov. and consecrated 
together with William Laud bishop of St David's and Valentine 
Carey bishop of Exeter on 18 Nov. in the chapel of the house 
belonging to the see of London, by George Mountain bishop 
of London, and the bishops of Worcester, Ely, Chichester, 



415 

Oxford, and Llandaff, He received restitution of the tem- 
poralities 23 Nov. 1621 (Rymer, Fcedera xvii. 301, 319, 340). 

His predecessor in this see was his brother-in-law Robert 
Townson formerly fellow of Queens' college, who had been 
promoted from the deanery of Westminster to this bishopric 
in July 1620, but had died on 15 May 1621, leaving behind 
him a wife and fifteen children, 'neither plentifully provided 
foi", nor destitute of maintenance, which rather hastened than 
caused the advancement' of his brother-in-law. As soon as (if 
not before) Dr Townson died, Dr Davenant's friends began to 
bestir themselves to procure his promotion 'in pity and com- 
miseration for Mrs Townson's case,' that as he was 'a single 
man and well-deserving ' he ' might succeed his Brother[-in-law] 
in the Bishoprick, and so make some provision for his Children' 
(Th. Ball, Life of Preston). Their success seems however to 
have been at first somewhat doubtful. (Letter of Jos. Meade, 
18 May 1621. Birch, Letters, James I. ii. 254.) 

* It was probably on account of the domestic burthen that 
thus devolved upon him, rather than from his merit, that our 
Bishop was excused the payment of the introductory fees, and 
of the a,nnual pension, which was then, it seems, customarily 
paid to the crown on ail similar appointments, proportionate 
to the wealth or poverty of the individual.' (Weldon, History 
of the Court of King James, by an Eye-witness. Allport, Life 
of Bishop Davenant, xxxi.) 

According to Camden {Annals, sub anno 1621) when he was 
made bishop, the king ' charged him not to marry.' 

Robert Toulnesonne or Townson, the son of Reginald Tolson 
or Toulson the subcook of Queens' college, was baptized on 
8 Jan. 1575-6 (St Botolph's register). He was admitted sizar 
of the college on 28 Dec. 1587, a few days after his father's 
death, being then 12 years of age. He was scholar of that house, 
and continued so till he became M.A. in 1595; he was elected 
fellow the same day as John Davenant, on 2 Sept. 1597. He 
vacated his fellowship about Midsummer 1604. In 1607 he 
was presented to the rectory of Old or Wolde Northampton- 
shire on the presentation of Sir William Tate and Mr Francis 



416 

Tate (Wood, Fasti). He retained this perferment till 1620. 
He was chaplain to the King. 

On 16 Dec. 1617 he was installed dean of Westminster, and 
on 9 July 1620 consecrated bishop of Salisbury. (Cassan, 
Bishops of Salisbury.) He died 15 May 1621, leaving a large 
family by his wife the sister of Dr John Davenant. He is 
described as a man of a comely carriage, courteous in nature, 
of singular piety, eloquence, and humility, and an excellent 
preacher. (Fuller; Hacket.) 

'When Bp Coldwell came to this bishoprick, he did lett 
long leases, which were but newly expired when Bp. Davenant 
came to this see ; so that there tumbled into his coffers vast 
summes. His predecessor, Dr Tounson, married his sister, con- 
tinued in the see but a little while, and left several children 
unprovided for, so the K. or rather D. of Backs gave Bp. Dave- 
nant the bishoprick out of pure charity, S". Anth. Weldon [in 
his Court of King James] says, 'twas the only bishoprick y' he 
disposed of without simony, all others being made merchandise 
of for the advancement of his kindred. Bp. Davenant being 
invested, maried all his nieces to clergie-men, so he was at no 
expence for their preferment,' (Aubrey, Lives, ii. 800.) 

Mrs Townson lived in her brother's house till her death in 
1634. (Inscription on her monument in Salisbury Cath.) 

Of the fifteen children that the bishop is said to have had, 
the following only are mentioned in Dr Davenant's will made in 
1637, viz. three sons : 

1°. John. 

2°. Ralph, student of Christchurch Oxford, born in North- 
amptonshire, 1613, who died 1678, aged 65. 

3°. Robert, fellow of Queens' college Cambridge, 1625-33 : 
and six daughters : 

1°. Margaret, who married John Ryves, LL.B., archdeacon 
of Berks 1634-1665. 

2°. Gertrude, who married James Harris, esq., of the Close, 
Sarum, the ancestor of the earls of Malmesbury. 

3°. Ellen, who married Humphrey Henchman, precentor of 
Salisbury, bishop of Salisbury 1660-63, and of London 1663-75. 

4". Anne, who married Cooke. 



417 

5°. Judith, who married James White, B D. 

6°. Maria, who married Alexander Hyde, bishop of Salisbury 
1665-67, whose daughter married sir Henry Parker, bart. an- 
cestor of admiral sir Hyde Parker, and the other baronets of 
the name of Parker. 



'After his consecration, being to perform some personal 
service to king James at Newmarket, he refused to ride on the 
Lord's-day ; and came (though a day later to the Court) no less 
welcome to the king, not only accepting his excuse, but also com- 
mending his seasonable forbearance.' (Fuller, Woo'thies, London.) 

In May 1621 Dr Davenant wrote to Dr Ward expressing his 
desire of retaining his mastership with the bishopric, but wish- 
ing Ward to accept the Margaret professorship, to which he was 
also elected on 23 Feb. 1621-2 (MS. Tanner Ixxiij. 25). 

On 10 Jan. 1621-22 bishops Davenant and Carey were 
invited to St John's college, Avhere after supper the two bishops, 
with Dr Richardson master of Trinity and Dr Gwyn master of 
St John's, came down into the hall and played at cards (Letter 
of rev. Jos. Mede. Baker's St John's, ed. by J. E. B. Mayor, 676). 

On 22 April 1622 he resigned the presidentship of Queens' 
college : 

VI Journa-le. 1621-22. fo. 5. [Apr.] For a Dinner bestowed on 
my Lord of Sarisbnrie at bis de];)art\ire 5'. 15'. 2^ 

For a paire of glones bestowed on liim 1'. 18'. 0*. 

' Taking leave of the college, and of one John Rolfe, an 
ancient servant thereof, he desired him to pray for him, and 
when the other modestly returned, that he rather needed his 
lordship's prayers : "Yea John" (said he), "and I need thine 
too, being now to enter into a calling, wherein I shall meet 
with many and great temptations." " Praefuit qui profuit," w^as 
the motto written in most of his books ; the sense whereof he 
practised in his conversation.' (Fuller, Worthies, London.) 

John Rolfe is probably a misprint for John Boise or Bosse, 
who had been in the service of the college for more than 
20 years : 

y Journale. 1598-99. fo. 69. b. [Jan.] Item to John Bosse for 
wine siigar candles and 2 hogshed of small beare xlj'. vi''. 



418 

1600-01. fo. 80. b. [Jan.] Item John Eosse his bill...ix". vj». iiij". 
1601-02. fo. 86. [Jan.] Item John Koyse his bill of fare 9". 4^ 8^ 
1619-20. fo. 180. b. [Jan.] To John Eoyse for y« audit 22". 16'. 6". 
1620-21. fo. 185. b.[Jan.] To John Roise for the audit 26^ 3^ lO^ 



In Hatcher's History of Old and New Bavum, being Vol. v. 
of Hoare's Wiltshire, we find the following reference to bishop 
Davenant (p. 851) : 

" On the 28th of September [1625] we find the King and Queen 
at Wilton, where their Majesties were entertained by William, the 
third Earl of Pembroke. The council was commanded to meet [at 
Salisbury], and the episcopal palace was required for the accommo- 
dation of Blainville, the French envoy, but the bishop Dr Davenant 
refused to relinquish his residence." 

In 1627 he published his Exposition of the Epistle of St 
Paul to the Colossians, which he had before dehvered in a 
series of lectures to the members of the university as lady 
Margaret's professor. 

In Hatcher's Sarum, we find (p. 835) : 

"July 14, 1628. At this Court it is ordered, that a piece of silver 
and gilt shall be provided and given to the Lord Bishop of Sarum, 
at his coming to this city, the same not exceeding 10^." 

"The weight of the silver cup, given unto the Reverend Father in 
God, Robert Lord Bishop of Sarum, is twenty-six ounces, at seven 
shillings the ounce." 

On one of the Sundays in Lent 1629-30^ bishop Davenant 
preached at Whitehall before the king (Charles I.), and his j 
court. His text was the latter part of Rom. vj. 23, ' The gift ; 
of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord;' the j 
former part of the verse, ' the wages of sin is death/ having been j 
the subject of a discourse in the previous year. He touched on i 
the matter of election, and some of his adversaries at court I 
thought ' to make him fall totally and finally from the king's j 
favour,' as the king's declaration prefixed to the 39 Articles 

^ Fuller places this event in Lent 1630-31 ; the above is the date given in 
the catalogue of the Tanner MSS. 



419 

seemed to forbid preaching on predestination and the cognate 
points of theology. ' Two days after he was called before the 
Privie Gouncell, where he presented himself on his knees, and 
so had still continued for any favour he found from any of his 
own function there present. But the Temporall Lords bad him 
arise and stand to his defence, being as yet only accused, not 
convicted.' . Archbishop Harsnet of York appears to have been 
vehement against him, aggravating the boldness of his offence 
in a long speech. Bishop Laud was present, but said nothing. 
On Dr Davenant explaining that he had not wilfully trans- 
gressed the king's intention, and promising, now that he under- 
stood his majesty's mind, to yield obedience to it, he was 
allowed to depart, and was admitted to kiss the king's hand 
before leaving London (Fuller, Church History, sub anno 1630-1). 
The bishop's letter to Dr Samuel Ward giving an account of the 
circumstances is among the Tanner MSS (ccxc. 86). 

In 1631 the bishop published his * Prselectiones Theologicae.' 

In 1634 he published his ' Determinationes qusestionum 
quarundam theologicarum per J. D. publico disputatarum.' 

While bishop of Salisbury, Dr Davenant and the chapter 
had a controversy with the corporation of the town, in conse- 
quence of the pretensions advanced by the latter over the for- 
mer. James I. had given them a charter, which was in it- 
self an infringement of the feudal rights of the bishop, and 
subsequently they had begun to interfere with the privileges 
of the close. Hence Dr Davenant opposed the renewal of the 
charter in 1630, and the jealousy which their contending claims 
created, was manifested in a way not altogether dignified. The 
contention lasted from 1631 to 1634, when it seems to have 
been amicably settled (Hatcher, Sarum, 377-80). 

The chancellorship of the order of the Garter pertained to 
the see of Salisbury from 1450 to 1539. Henry VIII. and 
his successors conferred the office on laymen. On 1636 Dr 
Davenant petitioned the king to restore the office to his see, 
and the matter was debated till 1640, when the troubles in 
Scotland caused the bishop to relinquish his suit (Ashmole, 
History of the Garter, 24). Several papers relating to this 
matter are among the Ashmole MSS. In 1671 Dr Seth Ward 



420 

procured this recovery of the chancellorship (Cassan, Bishops of 
Salisbury). 

When Dr Godfrey Goodman bishop of Gloucester refused to 
subscribe the canons of 1640, and the primate wished him to be 
suspended by convocation after three admonitions pronounced 
by him within a short time, Dr Davenant 'being demanded his 
opinion, conceived it fit some Lawyers should first be consulted 
with, how far forth the power of a Synod in such cases did ex- 
tend,' and added also that the admonitions to a bishop ought to 
be at considerable intervals, 'in which the party might have 
time of convenient deliberation.' (Fuller, Church History, sub 
anno 1640, §§ 22, 23.) 

In 1641 Dr Davenant published a treatise in support of his 
former views on the subject of Predestination, and in reply to a 
work which had appeared some years before. Samuel Hoard, 
B.D., Rector of Morton in Essex, sent forth a tract in 1633, en- 
titled, God's Love to Mankind, manifested by disproving His 
absolute Decree for their Damnation: and it appears to have 
been the earliest treatise in this country in opposition to what 
is called the Calvinistic opinion. Davenant's reply was entitled. 
Animadversions written by the Right Rev. Father in God, John, 
Lord Bishop of Salisbury, upon a treatise intituled, God's Love 
to Mankind. Hoard was no contemptible adversary, and the 
reply in the form of an Epistle, in which he incorporated the 
whole of Hoard's work, was written with all the powers of the 
bishop's mind. Hoard accumulated every argument in opposi- 
tion to the Calvinistic views and pressed them with considerable 
energy : but in no work is the acuteness of Davenant's powerful 
mind more exhibited than in this reply, which abounds with 
striking passages, and in which he maintains with force and 
eloquence the unconditionate decree of election : and while he 
contends that this admits of sufficiency of grace given to all, he 
likewise maintains that reprobation is of necessity involved in 
election: and his view of it is thus expressed, "Reprobation is ;j| 
not a denial of sufficient grace, but a denial of such special I 
grace, as God knoweth would infallibly bring them to glory " 
(Allport, Life, pp. xli., xlii.). 




421 

E, Davenant died 20 April 1641, of a consumption, ' to 
which, sensiblenesse of the sorrowfull times, (which he 
saw were bad,' [archbishop Laud had been on 1 March 
1640-1 sent to the Tower, the Commons had on 10 March 
passed a vote against the bishops sitting in parliament, and 
the trial of the earl of Strafford had begun,] ' and foresaw would 
be worse,) did contribute not a little.' His nephew Thomas 
•Fuller was present at his death, and has given the following 
account of it in his Church History. 'I cannot omit, how 
some few hours before his death, having lyen for a long time 
(though not speechlesse, yet) not speaking, nor able to speak 
(as we beholders thought, though indeed he hid that little 
strength we thought he had lost, and reserved himself for pur- 
pose) he fell into most emphaticall prayer for a half a quarter 
of an hour. Amongst many heavenly passages therein, He 
thanked Ood for this his fatherly correction, because in all his 
life time he never had one heavie affliction, which made him 
often much suspect with himself, whether he was a true Child of 
God or no, untill this his last sichiesse. Then he sweetly fell 
asleep in Christ, and so we softly draw the Curtains about him.' 
He was buried with a solemn funeral in his own cathedral, 
Dr Nicholas, afterwards dean of St Paul's, preaching an ex- 
cellent sermon at his interment (Fuller, Woi'thies, London), 
To his memory there is a mural tablet of white marble sup- 
ported by two black marble Corinthian pillars in the south aisle 
of the choir, bearing the following inscription : 

Monumentorum omnium 

lOHANNIS DaVENANTII 

Minime perenne, quid loquatur audi. 

Natus Londini Anno Christi MDLXXIl Mail die xx 

Cantabrigise in Collegio Reginali 

Bonis Uteris operam, felicem dedit 

Cuius cum Societate esset meritissime donatus 

^tatemq. et doctringe at morum gravitate superaret, 

Cum nondum plures quam xxxvi annos numerasset, 

D. Margaretse iu S. Tlieologia Professor est electus 

Celebremque prius Cathedram longe ornatiorem reddidit. 

Intra quadrienniura mox Collegii sui Prsesidens factus est, 



422 

Cui dubium an Rector an Benefactor profuerit magis. 

Turn vero a serenissimo et in rebus Theologicis 

Perspicacissimo Rege, Jacobo, honorifice missus 

Synodo Dordracensi magna pars interfuit. 

Tandem hujusce Diocoeseos Sarisburiensis Episcopus 

Anno MDCXXI die Novembris [x]vm consecratus est, 

Qui velut vivum exemplar antiquitatis venerandse 

Universas Primitivi Prsesulis partes explevit, 

Atque ita per xx pene annos huic Ecclesise prsefuit, 

Summo turn bonorum omnium, tum etiam hostium 

Consensu optimus, et vel inde felicissimus 

Quod ruinam sedis, cum superesse per setatem non potuit, 

Priusquam oculis conspiceret, vivere desierit, 

Anno scilicet Christi MDCXLI, Aprilis die xx. 

(The History and Antiquities of the Cathedral Church, of Salisbuiy 

and the Abbey-Church of Bath [8°. Lond. 1719] p. 126.) 

His will is in tlie office of the (late) Prerogative Court of j 
Canterbury (Evelyn, fo. 101). ■ 

It bears date 29 January 1637, and was proved 23 July] 
1641. He directs his body to be buried in the cathedral, be- 
queaths to it £200, rings to the dean and each of the residen- i 
tiaries, and gowns to 40 poor persons. In it he makes a great 
number of bequests to his brothers and sisters and to their 
children, and ratifies his gift of the rectory of Newton Toney ' 
to the college. However Dr Humphrey Henchman, (afterwards 
bishop of Sarum), who had married his niece Ellen Townson, and 
Thomas Clark, who w^ere seized in fee of the advowson of the 
living, were to have the presentation at the next avoidance of it. 

Bishop Davenant was a great benefactor to the college. In 
1626 he gave £100 for the use of the library, with which 130 
volumes were purchased, and in 1637 he gave a rent-charge on 
an estate at Eastchurch Isle of Sheppey, out of which two scho- 
lars were to be maintained, and besides £10 per ann. out of the 
same estate to be employed in increasing the library. 

1665. May 30. Granted by the Mr and fellows to Mr Pedley 
10', to Mr Court 5' for their services to the coll. in the sute about 
Shepey rents B" Davenants gift to the coll. (Old Parchm. Reg. 139.) 

In addition to this, he gave to the college in 1637 two 



423 

livings, the rectory of Cheverel Magna Wiltshire (exchanged 
in 1774) for the rectory of Seagrave Leicestershire), and the 
rectory of Newton Toney Wiltshire. 

i His arms were : Gules semee of cross crosslets or, 3 escallop 
jshells arg., a crescent or for difference. 

His portrait is in the lodging of the president of Queens' 
college. It represents him full face, in the episcopal habit, with 
a skull cap and small double ruff, and with beard and moustache. 
It is engraved by Garner, and prefixed to AUport's work. 

His printed works were: 

1. Expositio Epistolse D. Pauli ad Colossenses. fo. Cantabr. 1627, 
1630, 1639. 4°. Amst. 1646, 

2. A fast Sermon on Jer. iii. 12. 4°. Lond. 1628. 

3. Praelectiones theologicse de dnobus in Tlieologia controversis 
capitibus, de judice controversiarum prime; et de justitia habituali 
et actuali, altero. fo. Cantabr. 1631. 

4. De pacis ecclesiasticse rationibus inter Evangelicos usurpandis 
et de tbeologorum fundamentali consensu in colloquio Lips, inito, 
trium in ecclesia Anglicana episcoporum, Tbo. Mortoni, Job. Dave- 
nantii, Jos. Halli, sententise Jo. Durseo traditse. 4°. 1634. s. L 

5. Determinationes [xlix] qusestionum qnarundam tbeologicarum 
per Joannem Davenantium publice disputatarum. fo. Cantabr. 1634, 
1639. 

6. De Pace inter Evangelicos procuranda sententise qnatuor, 
Tho. [Morton] Dunelmensis Episcopi; Jo. [Davenant] Sarisburiensis 
Episcopi; Josephi [Hall] Exoniensis Episcopi; et qnorundam Eccle- 
sise Gallicanse Pastorum. ... Amst. ... 18°. Lond. 1638. 

7. Ad fraternam communionem inter evangelicas ecclesias restau- 
randam adbortatio; cui prsefixa est de pace itidem ecclesiastica com- 
mentatio, Jo. Durseo non ita pridem missa. 8° Cantabr. 1640. 

8. Animadversions on a treatise lately published and entitled 
'God's love to mankinde manifested by disproving bis absolute decree 
for tbeir damnation, [by Samuel Hoard].' 8° Cambridge 1641. 

9. An exhortation to brotherly communion betwixt the pro- 
testant churches. 12mo London 1641. 

10. Dissertationes duse ; prima, De Morte Cbristi, quatenus ad 
omnes extendatur, quatenus ad solos electos restringatur, altera de 



424 

Prjedestinatione et Reprobatione, quibus subnectitur ejusdem D. Da- 
venantii sententia de Gallicana controversia sc. de gratiosa et salutari 
Dei erga homines peccatores voluntate. fo. Cantabr. 1650. 

['These treatises, selected from our Author's papers, had been 
sent to Abp Usher by Dr Edward Davenant, for the purpose of pub- 
lication. But the wretched state of the times prevented their appear- 
ing for some years ; and it does not seem that the Archbishop was 
the editor : for the preface is signed with the initials T. B.', pro- 
bably Thomas Bedford, mentioned below. (Allport).] 

11. A letter to Dr Samuel Ward prefixed to T. Bedford, Yin- 
dici^ gratise sacramentalis. 8°. Lond. 1 650, 

An autograph of Dr Davenant in the album of sir Thomas 
Cuming of Scotland is in MS. Addit. 17083, fo. 108, in the 
British Museum. 

In the Bodleian library is a series of letters of Dr Davenant 
toDr Samuel Ward, master of Sidney college; the following 
list is taken from the catalogue of the Tanner MSS. of which 
they form part: 

Ixxiij. 25,... May 1621. I . ^^ ^ 

Ixxiij. 31, 27 May. / ''^^''^^ *° ^^°^^- 

Ixxiij. 36, 7 June. Directions for the moderation at the ap- 
proaching commencement; rumoured translations in the epis- 
copal bench. 

Ixxiij. 66, 5 Aug. Day of his consecration to the bishopric of 
Salisbury not fixed. 

Ixxiij. 273, 20 Feb. 1622-3. His readings not in a fit state for 
publication. 

Ixxiij. 497, 9 Dec. 1624. Pelagianism of Mark Antonio de Domi- 
nis, archbishop of Spalatro. 

Ixxij. 52, 26 Sept. 1625. Consents to publish his Readings on 
the Colossians. 

Ixxij. 61, 5 Dec. 1626. Directions for printing the Readings; 
Richard Mountagu's opinions on Predestination contrary to 
the doctrine of the church of England. 

ccxc. 81, 10 Oct. Progress made in transcribing the Readings. 
Approval of Ward's theses, as also his vindication of the synod 
of Dort from the charge of Mr Mountagu. 

Ixxij. 135, 312. Ixxi. 5, 26, 37, 41, 64, 140, 153. 1626-32. 
Letters on the Predestination controversy. 



425 

Ixxij. 146, 17 July 1626, Desires a fellowsliip for his nephew 
Thomas Fuller of Queens' College. 

Ixxij. 173, 174, 13 Feb., 6 March 1626-7. Two letters to same, 
relating to the imperfect transcript of his Headings. 

Ixxij. 205, 27 July 1627. Sends the dedication for his lieadings. 

Ixxij. 207, 213, 230; 23 Sept., 25 Oct., 28 Oct., 1627. Three 
letters to Ward on the plague at Salisbury and the fellowship 
for Thomas Fuller. 

Ixxij. 296, 21 Oct. 1628. Removal of Thomas Fuller to Sidney 
college on being passed over at the election at Queens'. 

Ixxij. 298, 4 Nov. 1628. Mr Mountagu's book contrary to the 
doctrine of the church : notice of Dr Jackson's treatise of the 
Divine essence : approval of Ward's publishing the SufFragium 
Collegiale. 

Ixxij. 31 Oj 27 Feb. 1628-9. Notice of a sermon preached by 
Mr Williams at Sleaford : the bishop of Lichfield disajaproves 
of Dr Jackson's book : controverted points in the doctrine 
of Election. 

ccxc. 86. 16 March. 1629 30. A.ccount of his appearance before 
the council for preaching on predestination. 

Ixxi. 105 ff. 27 Sept., 12 Oct. 1631. Draught of the Epistles de- 
dicatory to the King and of that to the reader, prefixed to 
the " Pi'selectiones," with two letters to Dr Ward touching 
the same. 

Ixxi. i64, -23 July 1633. On various controverted points of 
theology; censure of a sermon preached at Cambridge by 
M"" Simson. 

Ixxi. 172, 23 Feb. 163|. Surprize at the delay in filling up the 
mastership at St John's college. 

Ixx. 41, 8 Dec. 1634. Sends one of his determinations for pub- 
lication. 

Ixx. 48, 27 Jan. 1635-6. Sends presentation copies of his Deter- 
minations: passage to be omitted in the Determination last sent. 

Ixvij. 1, 2i7 March 1638. Offer of the vicarage of Martinston to 
Mr Hasell : design of building a library at Cambridge. 

Ixvij. 40, 31. Oct. The doctrine of oral manducation. 

Ixvij. 55, 23 Feb. 1638-9. Directions in reprinting the Deter- 
minations. 

Ixvij. 147, 29 Oct. 1639. Notice of Thomas a Kempis de imita- 
tione Christi : advises John Fuller to remove to Trinity Hall 
for the study of the law. 

28 



426 

Ixvij. 160, 3 Dec. His age too great to allow of his writing on 
the controversies of the day; notice of his animadversions upon 
Sam. Hoarde's "God's love to mankind." 

Ixv. 80, 1 June 1640. Directions for publishing his treatise De 
fundamentalibus. 

Ixv. 118, 12 Sept. Presentation copies of the De fundamentali- 
bus; the deputies at Dort from Bremen accused of heresy. 

cclxxix. 297 ff. Notes concerning predestination, election and 

grace, 
cclxxix. 300. Annotata ad concionera Pauli Micklethwaite. 
cclxxix. 302. De baptism! effectu in parvulis. 

The following are some other of the MS. remains of the bishop : 

Bishop Davenants answer to queries propounded by certaine 
ministers concerning the oath in the sixt canon [of 1640]. MS. Cai. 
Coll. Lib. n". 291, p. 274 fi". 

Letter of Davenant to archbishop Laud touching the administra- 
tion of the oath &c. in his Diocesse [1640]. Lambeth MSS. 277. 
p. 259. 

'His discharge of his episcopal functions is allowed, on all 
hands, to have been most exemplary ; and it would not be easy 
to find a more decided testimony than that afforded by the 
Lord Keeper Williams, a man eminent for his learning and 
official attainments ; for his long exercise in all the functions of 
public business ; and for his penetration in diving into the 
characters of men. Upon resigning the great seal, and retiring 
to the more consistent duties of his See of Lincoln, he took 
Bishop Davenant for his pattern, and framed his measures upon 
what he deemed the most wise and successful example in these 
times of peculiar difficulty and danger ; and it is confessed by 
his enemies, that the episcopal conduct of Williams was remark- 
ably temperate, discreet, and conscientious' (AUport, Life of 
Bishop Davenant [prefixed to his translation of the bishop's ex- 
position of St. Paul's Ep. to the Col, 2 vols. 8vo. Lond. 1831] 
p. xxxii). 

'He was humble in himself and (the consequence thereof) 
charitable to others. Indeed once invited by bishop [Theophi- 
lus] Field [of St David's 1627-35, and of Hereford 1635-36] and 



427 

not well pleased with some roisting company there, he em- 
braced the next opportunity of departure after dinner. And 
when bishop Field proffered to light him with a caudle down 
stairs, " My lord, my lord," said he, " let us lighten others by 
our unblameable conversation ;" for which speech some since 
have severely censured him, — how justly I interpose not' (Fuller, 
' Worthies, London). 

His opinions were such as bear the name of Sublapsarian 
Calvinism. It is however distinctly stated by Baxter, that with 
: respect to the doctrine of Universal Redemption he was led by 
' Archbishop Usher, and he mentions that the archbishop gloried 
that he was the man who had brought bishop Davenant and 
Dr Preston to the doctrine of Universal Redemption as Baxter 
held it. From this it has been inferred by Jackson in his life of 
John Goodwin and by Nicholls in the preface to his edition of 
the works of Arminius, that the views of Davenant underwent 
I a change, and that he declined to the opinion that redemption 
was attainable by all, but his reply to Hoard shortly before his 
death agrees strictly with his views at the synod of Dort, viz. a 
idoctrine of Universal Redemption inseparable from the doctrine 
af Reprobation, and this makes it difficult to understand Baxter's 
assertion of a change in his opinions (Allport). 

' Few men appear to have been more honoured and venerated 
by all parties than Bishop Davenant. In all works of friends or 
opponents, there is not to be found a single sentence approach- 
ing even to disrespect, much less anything that can tend to cast 
the slightest reflexion upon his deportment in any measure of 
his public or private life. His profound learning, acuteness of 
intellect, catholic spirit, active benevolence, and meekness, are 
jconstantly adverted to ; and the phrases — " the good Bishop 
Davenant," the "excellent Bishop Davenant," "the learned 
Bishop Davenant," &c., &c,, a.re the usual appendages to his 
lame, even in the writings of those who took up the pen in ex- 
press hostility to certain of his theological views' (Allport, Life, 
slix). 

' The regard of U^her and Davenant appears to have been 
ceciprocal. The former, in writing to Dr. Ward, says, " For the 
Aj-minian Question, I desire never to read more than my Lord 

28—2 



428 

of Salisbury's Lectures, touching Predestination and Christ's 
Death." And again, ''I thank you most heartily for communi- 
cating my Lord of Salisbury's Lectures. They are excellent; 
learnedly, soundly, and perspicuously performed ; and, I hope, 
will do much good for the establishing of our young divines in 
the present truth." ' (Allport, Life, xlix.) 

At the Synod of Dort, bishop Carleton was so urged by the 
Dutch divines on the subject of the doctrine of Redemption as a 
blessing to be universally proposed and offered to all men, and 
this led to so much unpleasant discussion, that he would have 
given way, but Davenant declared he would sooner cut off his 
hand than yield. He assigned his reasons at length ; and they are 
printed in John Hales' Golden Remains, in the Appendix. In 
fact, Davenant appears to have been peculiarly eminent in these 
proceedings. 'What a pillar he was,' says bishop Hacket, 'in 
the Synod of Dort, is to be read in the judgments of the British 
Divines, inserted among the publicacts ; his part being the best 
in that work ; and that work being far the best in the compli- 
ments of that Synod' (Allport, Life, xvi). 

In Panzani's Memoirs p. 246 he is described by bishop 
Montague as violently bent against the church of Rome. 

Davenant ' was very strongly opposed to the church of, 
Rome and was not willing to grant that she was a true church 
in error, but rather regarded her as utterly apostate and essen- 
tially antichristian' (Davenant to bishop Hall, Hall's Works, ix. 
320), In this Davenant agreed with the learned James Usher, 
primate of Ireland, and went further than his friend bishop 
Hall, who being called upon by Laud to alter some places 
in Jiis treatise on l^piscopacy, where he has styled the pope 
Antichrist, was willing .to do so (Perry, Hist, of Church oj 
England, i. 636). 

His opinion on this subject he thus himself expresses : 

■' Viderit itaque Romanaecclesia, quae fundamenta fidei Christianse 
sua potissimum opera gloriatur fuisse hactenus conservata, an in fun- ! 
damentalibus Decalogi non erraverit crasse et damnabiliter; ut de 
erroribus aliis nihil dicam.' (Ad fraternam comnmnionem, p. 98.) 

A difference happening between the minister of Wilt- 
shire and the churchwardens about the place of the Holy 



429 

[Table, which the minister desired to transpose to the east end 
of the church, while the churchwardens wished to keep it as it 
had stood before, the business was referred to bishop Davenant, 
who, on a full consideration of the matter, decided in favour of 
the incumbent; and, by a decree under his episcopal seal, 
settled the table in the place where the altar stood, as the 
minister desired to have it. 




jST 20 and 21 January 1614-5 there was a great flood in 

I Cambridge. On 22 January the great frost began, 

=J and it continued at least six weeks. The great snow 



began on 12 Feb. (Cooper, Ann. iii. 8.3). 

; Y Journale. 1614-15. fo. 156. [Feb.] Item to Coxy [scavenger] 
for carryinge away the yce about the Coll 2°. 

The Earl of Huntingdon's picture now hanging in the 
Audit-room of the college was given in 1614. 

Y Journale. 1614-15. fo. 155. [Oct.] It. for a curteine rod 
for the picture and hookes IS"*. 

fo. 156. [Dec] It. to M"" Growse for holdfasts for the Earles 
picture 6*. 

fo. 156. b. [May] Inprimis for a payer of gloves for the Earle of 
Huntingdon 36'. 

In 1615 Dr John Jegon made the college a present of a 
I fine gilt cup with a cover, weighing 30f oz. 

Y Journale. 1614-15. fo. 156. [Feb.] It. to Bishop of Norwiche 

his man that brough the plat 10^ 

■ It probably resembled the cup of his gift still preserved at 
! Corpus Christi College, thus mentioned in Masters, Hist. 130*^: 

'As a testimony of his Affection for his Old House, he gave a 
handsome gilt Cup and Cover, (still preserved in the Treasury,) with 
this Inscription round it, Ux clono Jo. Jegon Epi. Nor. Martii x. 
A.D. 1614. 

It went with the other college plate to Oxford in 1642. 

On 7 March 1614-5 James I. accompanied by his son 
Charles prince of Wales, visited the university and remained in 



430 

Cambridge till the llth. Acts in divinity, law, physic and 
philosophy were held, and four plays were performed in the hall 
of Trinity college, which was arranged to accommodate 2000 
persons. In the divinity act bishop Harsnet the vicechancellor 
was moderator, Dr John Davenant lady Margaret professor was 
respondent, and Dr Eichardson Regius professor of divinity and 
others the opponents. One of the questions was, 'Nulla est 
temporalis Papse potestas supra reges, in ordine ad bonum spi- 
rituale.' 'The question was maintained in the negative con- 
cerning the excommunicatiott of kings.' Dr Richardson vigor- 
ously pressed the practice of St Ambrose excommunicating 
of the Emperor Theodosius ; insomuch that the king, in some 
passion returned, "Profecto fuit hoc ab Ambrosio insolentis- 
sime factum." To whom Dr Richardson rejoined " Responsum 
vere regium et Alexandro dignum. Hoc non est argumenta 
dissolvere sed dissecare" : and so, sitting down, he desisted from 
any farther dispute' (Fuller, Worthies, Cambridgeshire). i 

In the philosophy act Dr Matthew Wren afterwards bishop > 
of Ely was respondent and John Preston first opponent. The 
subject was. Whether dogs could make syllogisms. 'The op- 
ponent urged that they could ; An Enthimeme (said he) is a 
lawful and real Syllogisme, but Dogs can make them ; He 
instanced in an Hound, who had the major Proposition in 
'hm mind, namely, The Hare is gon either this or that way ; 
smels out the minor with his Nose ; namely She is not gon ; 
that way, and follows the Conclusion, Ergo this way with open '•- < 
mouth. The instance suited with the Auditory.' (Montaigne, 
B. ii, ch. 12, ^Elian, Hist. Anim. vi. 59.) The respondent 
drawing a distinction between the sagacity and the ' sapience' 
of dogs, Preston replied with another syllogism, and the 
King was so excited with the sport, that when the moderator 
interposed his authority and silenced Preston, he stood up , 
for the reasoning power of dogs, and speaking of one of his I' 
own dogs who shewed great sagacity in procuring assistance ' 
while pursuing a scent, asked 'what the moderator could 
have done in that case better, and desired him that either he 
would think better of his Dogs or not so highly of himself,' j 
The moderator contrived to bring the argument to an end with ' 



431 

a compliment to the king, 'That he would consider how his 
illustrious influence had already ripened and concocted all these 
Arguments and Understandings, that whereas in the morning 
the reverend and grave Divines could not make Syllogismes, 
[the Lawyers could not, nor the Physitians, now every Dog 
'could, especially his Majebties/ 'and the king went off well 
,pleased with the businesse.' 

j In this Act Preston acquitted himself so well, that his pre- 
ferment in the church would have been certain, had not his 
inclination to puritanism been a bar in his way. 

Having received some strong religious impressions from a 
sermon by John Cotton fellow of Emmanuel, a puritan preacher, 
which had the effect of makino^ him all his life a stronsf adhe- 
rent of Calvinistic tenets and puritan church-forms, he made it 
his business to train up the young men committed to his charge 
in the same principles, and became conspicuous in the univer- 
sity by the puritan tone of his public lectures and sermons 
(Clarke's Lives [1677], pp. 78, 79, 219. Masson, Life of Milton, 
i. 94). 

' On the second night [8 March] was a comedy of Clare Hall 
with the help of two or three good actors from other houses.' 
This was the celebrated Latin play of Ignoramus by George 
Ruggle fellow of Clare hall, 'wherein David Drummond in a 
hobby horse, and [Francis] Brakin the recorder of the town, 
[who had made himself obnoxious to the university by the 
part he took with reference to the dispute between the vice- 
chancellor and the mayor as to precedency,] under the name of 
Ignoramus, a common lawyer, bare great part. The thing was 
full of mirth and variety, with many excellent actors, among 
whom the Lord Compton's son, though least, was not worst, 
but more than half marred with extreme length.' (Chamber- 
lain's letter to sir Dudley Carleton in Cooper, Ann. iii. 71.) In 
this play the following members of Queens' college took part: 

Dulman Mr Towers. 

Eosabella, virgo Mr Morgan. 

Dorothea, uxor Theodori, matrona...Mr Norfolk. 

Surda, nana ancilla 1 ivr /-i i. 

-r^ ,, \ Mr Compton. 

V mce, puer DorotheseJ 



432 

Mr Compton was the Hon. Spencer Compton, afterwards 
second Earl of Northampton. He was born in 1601, and so was 
at this time about 14 years old. He was killed fighting on the 
king's side at the battle of Hopton Heath 19 March 1642-3 
(Lloyd, Mem. 353). 

Mr Towers was fellow of Queens' and afterwards bishop of 
Peterborough. Many years after, when King James first heard 
the bishop preach at Castle Abbey, he recognized one of the 
actors in his favourite play (Kennet, Beg. and Chron. 244). 

Mr Morgan was Thomas Morgan who was admitted fellow- 
commoner under Preston, being then B.A. 

Of Mr Morgan's acting on this occasion we find the follow- 
ing notice in BalFs life of Preston : 

'Men thought him meet for to be trusted with the care 
of youth ; and many had their eyes upon him, for their Sons 
or Friend's. Master Morgan of Heyfords had been some-time 
dead, and had left his Son and heir an Orphan, in trust with 
some that were his Kinsmen, and like to manage his estate to 
most advantage. This Master Morgans Son, under whose sha- 
dow these Prestons had for some time lived, was by his Guar- 
dians now commended to his care ; not only for that relation he 
had to Heyfords, his native Town, and to the Family, but also 
that by that means the young Gentle-man might be preserved 
from the influence of his other Friends, who were many of 
them Popish. King James had been so well pleased at the 
Commencement held before him lately, that he resolves upon 
another visit. The Heads agree to entertain him with a 
Comedy. There was one Buggies of Glare-hall, that had made 
a:jeering Comedy against the Lawyers called Ignoramus. This 
was resolved on for to be acted before the King, and great care 
was taken for to furnish and accommodate all parts, with 
Actors answerable. Master Morgan was a comely modest 
Gentleman, and it was believed would well become a womans 
dresse, and accordingly his Tutor [Master Preston sent to,] that 
he would give way and all encouragement unto the service. 
He liked not the motion, could not believe that his Friends 
intended he should be a Player, and so desired to be excused. 
But the Guardians were not so exact and scrupulous, but 



433 

thought if he played this Game well, he might win more than 
could be hoped for elsewhere ; and so Master Morgan was 
I allowed by his Guardians to play his part, and afterward 
i removed unto Oxford, and suffered to play what part he would, 
i and so relapsed into Popery, which hath proved fatal and in- 
fortunate to him and his.' 

The following extract from a list of royalist sufferers in 
Lloyd, Memoires (p. 670), may explain these last words : 

'Col. Thomas^''\ Col. Antony and Col. James Morgan, Sir 
Edward Morgan of Fencoed Mon. whose Loyalty stood him in 
1007/.' ^^^ ' Col. Thomas Morgan q/" Weston was sladn at the 
first Newberry battel! 

* At [the king's] departure degrees were vilely prostituted to 
mean persons, such as apothecaries and barbers, and that in so 
scandalous a manner that some of them were afterwards de- 
graded by a grace of the house [of 24 March 1614-5] ; though 
to soften the matter, it was pretended that some of these de- 
grees were surreptitiously obtained.' (Baker, St Johns, ed. by 
J. E. B. Mayor, 202, 618.) Among these persons, who thus ob- 
tained unenviable notoriety, was ' Faiercloth, Reginal. ,' who may 
have been Samuel Fairclough or Fetloe, afterwards a puritan 
minister (Calamy, Ace. ii. 635-40, Cant. 786), who was admitted 
sizar of Queens' college 11 July 1608 and was B.A. (ad Bapt.) 
1613. 

The king was so pleased with the comedy of Ignoramus, that 
he desired to see it again, and being unable to prevail upon the 
actors to come to London, he made a second visit to Cambridge, 
arriving Saturday 13 May and departing on Monday 15 May 1615. 
Ignoramus with the same actors was represented on Saturday 
evening, and on Monday an act was performed. ' Mr Hoberts 
Trinitatis,' one of the disputants, is supposed to be William 
Roberts fellow of Queens' and ultimately bishop of Bangor. 
Another disputant was Edward Bigland B.D. fellow of Queens'. 
The others were Th. Comber afterward Master of Trinity 
college, and Wm. Chappell of Christ's, afterwards bishop of 
Cork (Cooper, Ann. iii. 85-89). 

From this time John Preston became a notable member of 
the university, and a leading man among the puritans. He 



434 

continued residing uninterruptedly in the college, chiefly oceu- 1 
pied with pupils and with preaching, but taking little share in 
college or university business. ' This faithfulness to Master 

Morgan, increased his Reputation in the Countrey, so 

that now he was accounted the only Tutor, and' was ' careful 
to read unto them and direct their studies' (Ball, Life of 
Preston^ 

'He was the greatest pupil-monger in England in man's 
memory, having sixteen fellow-commoners (most heirs to fair 
estates) admitted in one year in Queens' college, and provided 
convenient accommodations for them. As William the popular 
earl of Nassau was said to have won a subject from the king 
of Spain to his own party, every time he put off his hat; so 
was it commonly said in the college, that every time when 
Master Preston plucked off his hat to doctor Davenant the 
college-master, he gained a chamber or study for one of his 
pupils' (Fuller, Worthies, Northamptonshire). The above state- 
ment of Fuller it has not been found possible entirely to verify; 
however between 18 Apr. 1618 and 28 Apr. 1619 he entered 
in the college books as his pupils 13 fellow-commoners, 5 pen- 
sioners and 2 sizars. This number of fellow-commoners was 
however quite exceptional. Among the fellow-commoners were 
sir Henry Slingsby and sir Arthur Capel, both beheaded as 
royalists during the civil wars. 

In 'The Diary of Sir Henry Slingsby, of Scriven, bart.' 
edited by the rev. Daniel Parsons, M.A. (8vo. Lond. 1836), we 
find (pp. 302 — 318) several letters written by him to his father 
from Queens' college, and by his father to him. He was ad- 
mitted fellow-commoner on 2 Jan. 1618-9, and his letters 
belong to that year, except one of 1621. Unfortunately his 
letters are very short, a fact of which his father complains, and 
we are in consequence deprived of what might have been a 
source of much valuable information as to the studies and habits 
of the undergraduates of the time of King James I. In a 
letter of 3 May 1621, his father had requested him to find out 
whether Preston would take a young man, Robert Talbot of 
Worcestershire, who was connected with the Slingsby family, as 
his pupil, and on 13 June he wrote as follows on this point: 



435 

' As for that Gentilman you writt of, I have spoken to my 

. Tutor about him, and he gave me this answer, that he never 

tooke Pupill but upon two conditions. First that they should be 

an elder brother, secondly, of a stayd sober cariage ; upon these 

two conditions he is ready to doe him all the good he can.' 

This corroborates Fuller's statement. 

In 1616 Dr Davenant caused an account of the foundation 
of the college and of its endowments to be drawn up. Of this 
there are several copies, University Library, Addit. MS. 47, 
MS. Baker xxxvi. 75-83, MS. Car. Plumptre [in Queens' college] 
fo. 58 ff. &c. 

Sir Capel Bedel of Huntingdonshire, grandson of sir Arthur 
Capel of Hadham Hertfordshire, was admitted fellow-commoner 
of Queens' college on 5 July 1617, being matriculated in March 
following. He was Preston's pupil, as many of sir Arthur's 
sons had been. He got acquainted with Jane the daughter of 
Dr JSTewcome ' a Civilian and Commissary to the Chancellor of 
Ely,' who lived in St Botolph's parish, ' a very Proper well-bred 
Gentlewoman.' As it seemed likely that they might very shortly 
become contracted, Preston took sir Capel and other fellow- 
commoners his pupils for a journey to Saffron Walden and 
Audley End, and either by design or accident one of the young 
men proposed to go on to Hadham, sir Arthur's seat ; where 
Preston told him the circumstances. On his advice the grand- 
father, who was also his guardian, kept sir Capel back, and 
then persuaded him to go abroad upon his travels. 

Novemb. 10'\ 1617. Memorandum that it was decreed by the 
Master and fellows that the fii'st problem supper w"'' fellows make 
after ther admission should bee alwais kept upon the moonday after 
ther disputation in the Colledg hall; and that for every messe (reck- 
ning six to a messe) they should allow ten shillings, besides bread, 
beer, and wiue. 

John Davenant. 

(Old Parchm. Reg. 8.) 

ffebr: the 4'*". 1617. It was decreed by the ioynt consent of the 
master and fellowes, that so often as the Bachelors make no piablicq 
coinencement supper in the halle, ther should b© taken out of the 



436 



I 



comencement naonny to the use of the Colledg, twenty shillings a 
peece for every Bachelor : the remainder to bee bestowed according 
to the Custome. 

John Davenant. 

(Old Parchm. Eeg.'S.) 

In 1617 Dr George Mountain dean of Westminster and 
formerly fellow of Queens' college became bishop of Lincoln, 
being elected 20 Oct. and consecrated 14 Dec. 

In 1618 lie endowed two scholarships. 

V Journale. 1619-20. fo. 179. b. [Oct.] For a paire of gloves to 
the byshop of Liucol: 5 . 

On 13 March 1617-18 died Dr John Jegon, bishop of Nor- 
wich. He had been fellow of Queens' college from 1572 to 
1590, and was chosen master of Corpus Christi college 1590. 
Some of his pupils removed with him from Queens' college to 
Corpus. During his mastership and under his discipline and 
good management the college was in a very flourishing condi- 
tion. He became bishop of Norwich in 1603, 




N Dr Davenant's mastership the increased number of 
students induced the college in 1618 to erect a new 
building for their accommodation. It was built on 
some of the land formerly belonging to the Carmelites, and is 
described as 'in the friars.' 

The following notices of the building occur in the college 
books : 

V Journale. 1617-18. fo. 169. b. [Feb.] Inprimis to 2 free 
masons for contriving the Buildinge v'. 

fo. 171. b. [Sept.] Plumbers bill for lead in the new build- 
ing iiij". xviij^ ij'*. 

1618-19. fo. 175. b. [May] To Finder for worke and stuffe in 
palinge before the new Buildinge ij". xix^ iiij''. 

fo. 176. [July] For makinge cleane y® new Courte x'. iiij'^. 

fo. 176. b. To the painter for colouringe the rayles in the new 
buildinge x'. 

November y" 15'\ 1607. It was agreed uppon by y^ Master 
and fellows, that y® hundred pound given by Mr Joselin, and y* 



43Y 

200' taken for land soulcl at Babram, should bee imployed towards 
erecting a new building in tlie ffriers ; provided alwaies that y® 
stipend of 5' yeerly due unto the Hebrew Lecturer, and also the 

yeerly rent which j" Land at Babram would have yeelded unto 

y* Colledg, bee payed out of the chamberrents of the sayd building; 
untill such time as y" Colledg shall purchase land of equall valoi-, to 
yt ^ch ^g^g gQui(j away. 

J. Davenant. 

A note of money receaved by the M''. to be employed for 
the erecting of the new building [in the ffriars]. 

Inprimis receaved for land at Babram 200''. 

Item for Mr Joselins [Heb :] lecture 100'\ 

Item M"^ Paramores rent fine 22". 131 i^. 

Item [rec' of S'" SJeighton] for wood in the Friars 6". 10^ 

Item [of ]Vr Cox] for wood in the Hand 4". 1 2^ 

Item [April y^ first] for [374 ounces and a halfe of] ould 

plate sould [after five shillings the ounce, in all] .. 93". 12". 6*. 

Item for wood of John Allen 20". 

Item for a rent fine of [Thomas] Lewis 1". 3'. 4*^. 

Item for E,olph and Coles rent fines 20''. 

Item of Rolph [in part of payment] for woode [sould].. 10". 

Item of M' Hurst [for 9 acres of wood and certain trees] 20". 

Item of M^ Todde [for wood] 30". 

Item of Dr Pearson upon remainder of a col : accompt. 7''. 10^ 

Item for a rent fine of Bridge of Haslingfield 5". 1 3". 4"*. 

Item of Francis Eeinolds [in part of payment for 23 trees]. 5". 

Item of Goodman Edwards for wood 33''. 6'. 8*. 

Item of John Allen for wood 20". 

Item of M' Tod 30". 

Item of Rolph for wood 16'". 

Item [in full] of Reinolds for wood 5''. 

Item of Edwardes for wood 33". 6^ 8**. 

Item of M"^ Todd 20". 

Item for Reynoldes his fine — 10''. 

Suina totalis 714". 7^ 10^ 

A note of money laid out for y® Building, 

To Wigge and Man 198". 9=. 

To Goodman Wilson 390". 

To Goodman Pindar 260". 



438 

More for the Brickwall 38". 

Suma totalis 886". 9'. 

Collegium debet M™ : 172". l^ 2\ 

Joannes Turner, proprseses. ■ 
Georgius Porter. 
Thomas Grouse, tliesaurarius. 
Januarij 20°. A°. 1619. 

Received more out of the focalia bill 72". V. 2^ 

Sic Collegium debet M™ 1 00". 

Joannes Davenant. 
Joannes Turner. 
Georgius Porter, 
(III Leasebook, fo. 123. b. Old Parchment Register, fo. 169. b.) 

This sum of £100 was repaid to Dr Davenant 18 Apr. 1622 
(III Leasebook, fo. 126). The final payment for the building 
is thus recorded (Old Parchm. Eeg. fo. 170) : 

Received of M' Turner 17" in pai't of payment of y® xx" w°'' is 
the last payment of al due unto xis for the buildinge. "We say re- 
ceived the sume of seventeen pounds. 

the 9* of March Anno 1618. 

-D GiLBART WiGGE. 

Isy US 

Henrie Mann. 

Gilbert Wigge was one of the architects of the second court 
of St John's college in 1602 (Baker, Hist. ed. by J. E. B. 
Mayor, 191, 610). 

In 1618 John Scot notary public drew up an account of the 
foundation of the university, with a catalogue of the founders, 
benefactors, officers and members of the several colleges. A 
copy with the coats of arms beautifully drawn in proper colours 
was inscribed to the president and the whole society, and is pre- 
served in the college. 

Given to M"" Scot for y® booke and table w"'' he p^'sented to 

the colledg for o" library by the consent of y® fellows in our 

masters absence 8". 

by mee John Turner. 

(Old Parchm. Reg. 170. b.) 

The number of members of the university was 2998. The 
number of students in Queens' college from 1600 to 1612 was on 



439 

an average 28 a year ; while Preston was fellow from 1612 to 
1622 the average rose to 41 ; the number of admissions for the 
year Michaelmas 1618 to Michaelmas 1619 being 55, viz. 20 
fellow-commoners, 16 pensioners and 19 sizars, while from 1622 
to 1640 the average was 80. Of the 454 students entered in 
Preston's time, 104 were entered as his pupils. 

In Ball's life of Preston we find the following account of his 
labours as dean and catechist, college offices which he held in 
the year 1618-19 (Old Parchm. Eeg. fo. 9) : 

*It was not long before it came to Master Prestons course for to 
be Dean and Catechist, which be resolved to improve by going through 
a Body of Divinity, that might be a guide unto the Scliollars in their 
Studies in Divinity: For it was not his oi^inion that others should 
do as he had done, that is, peruse the Schoolmen first, and then come 
to the modern Writers; but fii"st, read Summes and Systemes in Di- 
vinity, and settle their opinions and judgments, and then read 
Fathers, Schoolmen, or what they had a mind to. This being known, 
and some honest Townsmen bearing him at first by chance, there 
came the next day very many for to hear him, and the next day 
more, both Townsmen and Scliollars from other Colledges, so that the 
outward Chappel would be often full before the Fellows came. 
Master Preston was of a very meek and quiet spirit, never resented 
injuries, nor provoked any unto aversness, yet had some enemies: aS'^ 
injuria iniultos ' tibi fecit inimicos, faciei invidia multos. What had 
Paul done. Act. 13. 45. for to deserve so sharp an opposition, but envy 
moved them. There had been other Deans and Catechists before 
this Gentleman, yet no such crowding. Complaint was made to the 
Yice-Chancellor of this unusual kind of Catechizing, it was assured, 
not only that Townsmen and Scholars mingled, but other Colledges 
intruded also, that the Fellows for the crowd and multitude could not 
get through, and come to Chappel to their places ; that it was not safe 
for any man to be thus adored, and doted on, unlesse they had a 
mind to cry up Puritanisms, which would in short time pull them 
down ; that the Crosier staff would not support them long, if such As- 
semblies were encouraged: Ohsta principiis, sero medicina jjcci-atior, &c. 

'Well, upon the whole an Order was agreed on in the Consistory, 
and sent unto the Colledge, that the Scholars and Townsmen should 
be confined to their proper preachers, that no stranger, neither Towns- 
man nor Schollar, should presume on any pretence whatsoever, to come 



440 

unto those Lectures, which were proper only to the Members of the 
Colledge. The Edict was observed punctually, and the Auditory by 
it much impaired. Had strangers still been suffered to attend, those 
Sermons had been printed as well as others : for there were divers that 
exactly noted, and wrote out all fair, unto the time of this restraint, 
but no one after that could go on with it, and so it rests. But he 
went on, and was assiduous to the years end, and waded through it, 
which was a great help unto many of his Pupils, who made the greater 
benefit of those things, because they were not common and in print.' 

It should be mentioned that the ante-chapel is only 20 feet 
wide and is now but 17 feet long. In 1773 it was shortened 2 
or 3 feet to lengthen the chapel, but the present passage to the 
Walnut-tree court must have existed at the date of Preston's 
deanship, as the new building was finished by May 1619. 

In 1619 a visitation of Cambridgeshire was made by Henry 
St George Bichmond herald as deputy for William Camden 
Clarencieux. It was printed in 1840 at the private press of 
sir Thomas Phillips, at ]5iliddlehill. It contains the genealogy 
of Dr Chaderton. 

On the death of queen Anne in 1619 the university pub- 
lished a collection of verses entitled Lacrymce Cantahrigienses < 
in ohitum Ser. Regince Annce. It contains some verses by John i 
Goodwin, fellow of Queens', the celebrated Arminian contro- 
versialist. 

Septemb. 2°. 1619. It was agreed, that only fellowes and Master 
of Arts in fellowes coiiaons, should be tied to Execute chappel, and 
that the fellow comoners should bee freed from that burden, w^h for 
some yeers past by Custome they were liable .unto. 
J. Davenant. 

(Old Parohm. Eeg. fo. 10. b.) 

It was decreed by the Master and fellowes January the 19*^ 1620 
That the bacheler Comencers shal make no breakfast at all, but only 
to allow for the fellowes and Master of Arts uppon the friday at 
dinner two shillings a messe, and a quart of wine over and above to 
every messe. 

John Davenant. 

(Old Parchm. Keg. fo. 11. b.) 



441 

The town lectures at Trinity and Great St Andrew's 
churches having been by the king's orders of 1619 suppressed, 
John Preston announced his intention of preaching at St 
Botolph's on Sunday afternoon 23 Jan., at three o'clock after St 
Mary's sermon. Dr Newcome, commissary to the bishop of Ely 
Dr Andrews, who had come to St Botolph's, seeing a great 
crowd, 'commanded that evening Prayer only should be read 
but no sermon.' While the minister, the earl of Lincoln and 
others were striving to persuade the commissary to permit the 
sermon, it grew so late, that when, Dr Newcome having depart- 
ed, the service began, there was not sufficient time left before 
the college prayers at 4 o'clock (Cooper, Ann. iii. 130 n°. 5) to 
allow both evensong and sermon ; the former was consequently 
omitted. On the following day Dr Newcome, who had not 
forgotten that the loss of a wealthy son-in-law was Preston's 
doing, complained to the bishop and king at Newmarket, and 
the vice-chancellor and heads, to whom jurisdiction in this 
matter over university men belonged, by command of the king 
cited Preston before them for his disobedience. On his protesting 
his innocence and relating the circumstances which led to the 
omission of evening prayers, they told him that they should 
proceed to censure him, ' except he could take off the Court.' 
Preston accordingly waited on the bishop of Ely at Newmarket, 
and behaved so boldly and resolutely, that the bishop saw the 
most effectual means of making the best of the case was, not 
to punish him, but to weaken his reputation with his party by 
making him ' declare his judgment about Forms of Prayer, for 
that would be accounted a recantation.' This was then enjoin- 
ed by the authorities of the university ; but Preston did this in 
such a manner that he ' neither displeased his own party, nor 
gave his enemies any advantage.' (Ball, Life. Fuller, Cambridge.) 

This affair is thus spoken of in the 'Acta Curice 1617-1621' 
in the registry of the University. 

Januarij vicesimo septimo A". Dni 1619 coram veneraHli viro 
mro Roberto Scott sacrse Theologise professore, Almse Academise 
Cantabr' procancellario, Assidentibus venerabilibus viris mris 
doctoribus Ricbardson, Hill, Wallsall, Carey, Davenant, Warde, 

29 



442 

Gwynn, Collens et ChadertoQ sacrse Theologise professoribusji 
Johanne Gostlynn in medicinis doctore et iuro Jeronomo Beale 
sacre Theologise bacclialaureo, Presente me Jacobo Tabor, notario 
publico registrario, etc. 

Whereas, tij)pon information given by m^ Do"". Newcome, it 
appeared that m-" Preston of Queens Colledge had preached a sermon 
in Buttolphs parishe churche upon Sondaye in the afternoone the 
xxiij of this instant Januarye, at w* many disordered persons were 
present, and that great offence was there offered as well by the sayd 
m'' Preston, who contrary to the intreatye and advise of m". Do'. 
Newcome, officiall to th' Archdeacon of Ely, preached at the sayd 
time and place, as allsoe by the multitude of people gathered together 
from most places in the Towne, who soe thronged the churche, that 
the parishioners there could hardly have convenient places to heare 
divine prayer, and were allsoe otherwyse disordered there. It was 
by them decreed, that the sayd m"- Preston should presently acknow- 
ledge his sayd faulte in manner and forme following, 

vizt. 

'M'. Do^ Newcome I doe willingly acknowledge before this companie 

that I have offended you in not harkeniug to your counsayle, 

when you intreated me to forbeare preaching in Buttolph churche 

uppon Sondaye last, and I doe humbly desyre you to forgeve mee.' 

w*. acknowledgement the sayd m' Preston performed accordingly, 
and thereunto subscribed his name. 

And it was allsoe by them ordered, That the sayd m' Preston 
shall preach a sermon in the sayd churche of S'. Buttolphs at such 
daye, tyme aud place, as the sayd m' Vicechancellor and m^^ Do'. 
Newcome shall appoynte him, and there deliver to the people, 'That 
they ought not to neglecte divine prayer at their owne parishe, and 
runne gadding to sermons at an other churche, contrary to the Lawes 
and Canons of this Lande, etc' 

W^. allsoe the sayd m' Preston promised to them willingly to per- 
forme and declare to the effecte above written, and thereuppon was 
dismissed. a 

Undecmao die mensis ffebruarij Anno D^ 1619 ante meridiem coram : 
dno procancellario in camera infra Coll. sive Aula de Clare 
infra Academiam Cantabr', prsesente me Jacobo Tabor notario 
publico registrario, etc. 



443 

Memorandum istis die hora et loco comparuit coram duo procan- 
cellario prsedictus m"' Preston socius collegii Reginalis, qiiem dns 
monuit, That he shall not preach in Cambridge or the Jurisdiction 
of the universitie without the expresse consente of the sayd vice- 
chancellor first had and obtained. 

Nicholas Latham, a munificent founder of schools and hos- 
pitals in Northamptonshire, died in 1620. He was matriculated 
as pensioner of Queens' college in Nov. 1570 (Fuller, Worthies, 
Northants). 

William Cotton, bishop of Exeter, died 26 Aug. 1621. He 
'was born in London, educated at Guilford School, afterwards 
in Queens College in Cambridge, and took the usual De- 
grees.' He was bibleclerk from the year 1568, B.A. 1571-2, 
admitted fellow-commoner 3 July 1574, and commenced M.A. 
1575. In 1577 he became prebendary of St Paul's cathedral. 
He was also archdeacon of Lewes, and was consecrated bishop 
of Exeter 12 Nov. 1598. He died at Silverston Devonshire, 
and was buried in his cathedral on the south side of the choir 
(Newcourt, i^ep. i. 211. Godwin, de Frees. Wood, Athence). 



HE following miscellaneous items from the bursars' 
books belong to the time of Dr Davenant's president- 
ship. : 
V Journale. 1614-15. fo. 156. b. [Apr.] Item to the kinges 

trumpetters Aprill 23 4'. 

[June] It' to the Trumpetters at the Commencemente . . . . 3°. 4"*. 

fo. 157. [Aug.] It' a terryer for S' Botolphs tythe 3'. 

1615-16. fo. 159. [Oct.] Given by our Maister unto M' Talkerns 

servant for bringeing of oysters bestowed uppon the coinons. ij\ 

"Unto the carpenter for a dales worke at the eelmose housen 

(almshouses) ^^^ • 

fo. 159. b. [Dec] Unto goodman XJmfrey of Elie, for 2000 of 
bricke, xxvj^ for 1000 of tyle, xij^ for 100 of paveing 
tyle, x^ for hallfe an hundred of roofe tyle, ij', in all (xij* 

abated) ^^^^'- ^J"- 

fo. 160. [Jan.] Imprimis unto Rob'te Prior upholster for x yeards 
of dornix at ij^ iiij'' the yeard xxiij= iiij", for rings and tache 

xvj*, for makeinge curtens iij', in all (abate 18^) xxvij^ 

29—2 



444 

[Feb.] For settinge forth candles in winter nights xviij''. 

A man used to perambulate the town and call on the in- 
habitants to hang out lanterns with lighted candles. 
The practice lasted till about 1672. (Cooper, Ann, iii, 93). 
fo. 160. b. [Apr.] For exceedinges when Dr Seyman was invited 
in the hall, who gave two twentie shillinge pieces imto poore 

scholars xvj'. iij**. 

[June] To M"' Battle [of Abbotsley] to buy a paire of gloves ... v'. 
fo. 161. To Mr John Cooke for writing a talley of Mr Chambers : 

landes v°. 

He was the college tenant at Swaffham, and dying 1638 
was buried there, a stone with a brass figure being his 
monument. (Haines, Mon. Brasses, ii. 36). 
[July] To him that brought venison for S"" Miles Sandys... xij^ 

1616-17. fo. 164. [Nov.] fibr a map of our benefactors ij". x^ 

ffor a map of our maisters i". x°. 

flfor curtaynes for those 2: maps v'. 

fo. 164. b. [Dec] fi^or S"". Thorn: Smithes day, Decemb : 14... j . . 
fo. 166. [Aug.] Item to By an the Trumpeter at Mr Turners 

appoyntment ^u 

1617-18. fo. 170. b. [May] Pontage levyed for the great 

bridge (Cooper, Ann. iii. 116) viij". v'. 

[June] The Diall painting 1= 

fo. 171. [June] E : of Essex's Troumpetters ij'. vj*. 

1618-19. fo. 175. [Feb.] For the entertainment of Ger- 

"^a'^s , ^-y^ i^d_ 

1620-21. fo. 185. [Nov.] Three chalder of coales for the master. 48\ 
fo. 185. b. [Jan.] To Vincent for writinge the new decrees 

(Cooper, Ann. iii. 129) 58_ 

VI Journale. 1621-22. fo. 4. b. [Feb.] To M' Martin and M' Cox 

for their charges at the Court 3'. 18^ 0^ 

To a man y' brought the King's Letters 1'. 2'. O''. 

To M' Turner and D^ Porter for their charges to New- 
market Ql J33 gd 



445 



29 Apr. 1622—7 Oct. 1631. 

20 Jac. I— 7 Car. I. 




|HEN Dr Davenant was made bishop of Salisbury, 
there was at first a report, that Dr Balcanqual was 
to be the new master of Queens' college, but after- 
wards it was believed that the king would grant 
the fellows a free election (Birch, Life and Times of James I. 
i. 225. Letters of rev. Jos. Mead, 26 May 1621). 

Dr Walter Balcanqual was a Scotchman, fellow of Pembroke 
hall 1611, ordained deacon 20 Sept. 1612 at Downham, and 
priest 18 Dec. 1614 at Ely house by Lancelot Andrews bishop 
of Ely (MS. Baker xxviii. 146), vicar of Harston 1615, and of 
Waterbeach 1617. This living he resigned on being sent to 
the synod of Dort, as representative of the church of Scotland. 
He was chaplain to the King 1618, master of the Savoy 1617, 
dean of Rochester in 1624, and of Durham 1689. He was a 
stanch royalist, and was forced to fly from the pursuit of the 
parliamentary party. In his wanderings from place to place, 
he caught a disease of which he died Christmas 1645, and 
was buried at Chirk Denbighshire. (Walker, Sufferings of the 
Clergy, ii. 19. Lloyd, Memoires, 523. Wood, A thence.) 

The appointment of Davenant to the bishopric of Salisbury 
'created Master Prestons cares, Doctor Davenant had been his 
constant and faithfull Friend, and given countenance upon all 
occasions to him and all his Pupils. But now who should 
succeed? and where should Master Preston find another shel- 
ter ? The Fellows for the most part were not his Friends, envied 
his numbers, and great relations, and there was no man like so 
to befriend him. Besides, the ilfa?'^a?'e^ Professors place would 



446 

be void also by this remove, and many able stirring Batchelors 
in Divinity proposed unto him that place, and assured him the 
Election would be easily carried for him. The truth is, he 
had no great hope to do any great good in the Election of the 
Master of the CoUedge, and one Doctor Mansel being named, 
a very moderate good natured man, he let that care fall, and 
was more anxious about the Professors place.' (Tho. Ball, 
Life of Preston, p. 91.) 

However, in accordance with the wish of Dr Davenant, 
Dr Samuel Ward master of Sidney college was elected 23 Feb. 
1621-2, before Dr Davenant resigned the mastership. 

' He had a long time been successefull in the way of Pupils, 
but Doctor Davenants leaving of the CoUedge troubled him. 
A great Tutor hath much occasion to use the Masters influence, 
for accommodation and advancement of his pupils, which now 
he saw he could not promise unto himself (Ball, Life, p. 92.) 

On 9 May 1621 John Preston was chosen professor of 
Theological Controversies at Trinity college Dublin, in succes- 
sion to tUsher. He however declined the post, in a letter of 
20 July 1621 (Usher's Works, ed. Elrington, i. 55. xvi. 370- 
373), from which the following is extracted: 

I heartily thank you for your great love and good opinion, that 
you have thought me worthy of a place of that eminency, for which 
I think many fitter might be found. It may be that my deferring to 
write might cause you to think me willing to accept; and I did de- 
liberate, hut am now come to a resolution of abiding still in this 
University, as thinking it best, for aught that I or my friends can 
yet see. I have communicated with my friends, to whom in such 
cases I resign myself, which hath also been my practice formerly, as 
Dr Chadderton...Mr [John] Dod and Mr Sibbs, who think my stay 
here [at Cambridge] will be most advantageous to the Church, and 
will not yet permit a remove : although our Master his Lecture and 
the Mastership will neither fall upon me, as I think, for the present. 
The Lecture standeth thus; the greater of voices, Bachelors in Di- 
vinity being to choose, as my friends here guess, who have made 
some trial, are like to cast it upon me; but I resolve not to be 
named, if Dr [Samuel] Ward will have it, and I think he will; 
otherwise it may happily fall upon me. For the Master, I hope, at 



4<^7 

[| least I endeavour to cast it another way, no lesa for the college and 
advantage for the present and future, if I can effect it. Although 
some overtures have been made to me by the Fellows and some in the 
Court, but I am loath to put it to trial, till I stand magis rectus in 
Curia j you know my meaning.' 




|OB[N Mansel was of the county of Lincoln and was 
entered at the college as a sizar 29 March 1594 under 
Clement Smith, nephew of sir Thomas Smith. He was 
B.A. 1597-8, was made scholar in 1598, and elected fellow of 
the college 81 June 1600. 

Romney and Bilsington priories in Kent were founded in 
1257 by John Maunsell, provost of Beverley, treasurer of York, 
rector of Maidstone Kent and of Wigan Lancashire : he was 
also chief justice of England. ' I have scene a pedigree of the 
Mansels from Philip de Mansel, who came in with the Con- 
queror, untill our times. Of this name and familie is that ortho- 
doxall sound Divine and worthy Master of Queenes Colledge in 
Cambridge, John Mansel Doctor of Divinitie, and a generall 
scholler in all good literature.' (Weever, Fun. Mon. 273-4.) 

He commenced M.A. in 1601 and was B.D. in 1609. 

From the year 1604 to the year 1617 lie seems to have 
been in residence, as he held various college offices and college 
lectureships in every year of that period. He was senior bursar 
for the two years 1609-10 and 1610-11. He was vicar of 
Hockington from 2 Sept. 1614 to May 1616. He vacated his 
fellowship in the course of the year 1616-17, receiving his 
stipend for 3|- weeks in the third quarter, so that he ceased to 
be fellow towards the end of July 1617. He became D.D. in 
1622. 

He was elected president 29 April 1622. 



During the time that Dr Mansel was vice-chancellor 1624-25, 
James I. again visited the university (about 10-17 Dec.) and 
kept his court at Trinity college. 

In that year also the king died (27 March 1625) and was 
succeeded by Charles I. 



448 

Dr Mansel died 7 Oct, 1631. 

In the Conclusion book we find the following heading to a 
list of plate : 

Peeces of Plate taken out of the Treasury for the fui-nishilig of 
the banquet of the funeral of our late Master D"" Mansel .Nov. 22, 
1631. 

By his nuncupatory will, made 5 Oct. and proved 11 Oct., 
he appointed his wife executrix and left all his goods to his 
wife and child. Mrs Mansell moving him for his cousin Solo- 
mon Mansel, he replied, his only hope for his placing was upon 
his brother [-in-law] John Brookes, wishing Mrs Mansell to fur- 
nish him with clothes. The witnesses were Mary Mansell, 
George Bardsey a fellow of the college, and Thomas Church his 
servant (MS. Baker xxvi. 168). Mrs Mansell died Sept. 1636 
and was buried in St Clement's church ; her will, made 31 Aug. 
and proved 15 Nov. 1636, was in the registry of the univer- 
sity (Wills, vol. iii. fo. 192. 226). 

In the register of St Botolph's parish we find mention of his 
daughter; 'Maria Mansell fil. Joannis Mansell pres. Coll. 
Regin. ex Maria uxore' was baptized 9 Sept. 1630. 

VI Journale. 1631-32. fo. 45. [Dec.]. To Westly for paving D' 
Mansells grave and other worke 0. 5. 8. 

1638-39. fo. 85. [July]. Given to M"" John Mansell by a meet- 
ing 6. 13. 4. 

Among the Tanner MSS. in the Bodleian library (cccclxv. 27) 
is the following poem by Richard Crashaw : 

In obitu Rev. V. D'". Mansell Coll : Regin M" qui Veu. 
D° Brooke [M" Coll. Trin.] interitum proxime secutus est. 

Ergo iterum in lacrymas et ssevi murmura planctus 

Ire jubet tragica mors iterata manu ? 
Scilicet ilia novas quse jam fert dextra sagittas 

Dextra priore recens sanguine stillat adhuc. 
Vos 6, quos socia Lachesis prope miscuit urna 

Et vicina colus vix sinit esse duos, 
Ite 6, quos nostri jungunt consortia damni; 

Per nostras lacrymas 6 uimis ite pares. 



4^9 

Ite pev Elisia.s felioi tvamite valles 

Et sociis animos conciliate viis. 
lUic ingentes ultro confimclite manes, 

Noscat et seternam mutua dextra fidem, 
Communes eadem spargantur in otia curse 

Atque idem felix poscat utrumque labor, 
Nectarese simnl ite vagis sermonibus liorse : 

Nox trahet alternas continuata vices. 
Una cibos ferat, una suas vocet arbor in umbras, 

Ambobus faciles lierba det una toros. 
Certum erit interea quanto sit major habenda, 

Quam quje per vitam est, mortis amicitia. 

Dr Samuel Brooke died Sept. 1631 (MS. Baker xxvi. 167. 
Wood, Fasti [Bliss, v.] part i. p. 400). 




N being allowed a free election for the presidentsliip, 
the fellows sent the following letter of thanks to the 
king (MS. Baker xi. Harl. 7038. fo. 143 [261.]) : 

Quam impense literis faveat serenissima vestra Majestas, Illustris- 
sime Rex, cura phis quam paterna amorque singularis, quibus nostram 
Academiam assidue prosequitur, argumento esse possunt. Cumque 
illud nobis, qui literas profitemur, compertum exploratumque sit, 
majorem in modum animos nostros incitare debet, ad prsestaudam 
quam possumiis observantiam : quo certe in officio nunquam deesse 
profitetur alma mater Academia. 

Quantis negotiorum fluctibus jactatur in dies Majestas vestra, nos 
homunciones concipere sane non valemus; miramur tamen et gaudio 
tacito suspiciraus vestram bonitatem, quae vel paulisper rebus nostris 
dignatur attendere. Pater Musarum jure audit Majestas vestra, provi- 
deque authoritatem patriam agnoscunt et profitentur. Yerum ea est 
Majestatis vestrse lenitas, ut nolit quicquam imperare, quod animorum 
alacritatem in studiis non exaugeat. Novit Serenitas vestra, quid 
expediat iis, novit quid utile, atque inter cfetera novit etiam, quod 
Musfe, licet virgines sint et modestse, maritum delectu proprio gaudeant 
assumere. Pro qua indulgentia vestra ac favore nuper exhibito, per- 
petuis officiorum vinculis teneri se testantur Musae Reginales. 

Nam cum Majestatis vestrse amor et affectus seterna siii apud nos 
erexerit monumenta, illud nobis solum reliquum est, ut quis sit 
nosti'jB felicitatis author, orbi terrarum deprsedicemus. Qua quidem 



450 

in re erimns, ut par est, semper solliciti, atqiie insuper, ut Deus Opt. 
Max. Majestatem vestram bene fortunet, votis non segnibus compre- 
cabimur. 

CoUegii Reginalis in Academia vestra Cantabrigiensi socii, ■ 
JoA. Turner Joa. Thorp Edward Martin 
Geor. Porter Robt. Ward Gul. Holmes j^^^^^ Goodwin 
JoH. Preston Jo. Etheridge Gul. Buckby 
Iac. Betton Ludov. Wimis Joan Pleijs 
Gul. Roberts Gul. Coxe Henricus Meriton 



Under the new master John Preston found himself no 
Ion O'er so influential in the college, as he had been under 
Dr Davenant, and so was desirous of changing his position 
there for one of greater importance. He first accepted the 
preachership at Lincoln's Inn 21 May 1622, but though 
'this was some ease unto his grieved mind' for the loss of ' 
Dr Davenant, yet it ' filled not his great capacity and large i 
desire of doing good; The Colledge he gave over in his thoughts, 
but not the University, where his Preaching was much re- 
sented, and made great impressions:' and thither he was most 
anxious to return. 

The master of Emmanuel was Dr Laurence Chaderton, who 
had been appointed by the founder sir Walter Mildmay in 1584, 
and was in 1622 85 years of age, * and had outlived many 
of those great relations which he had before;' so some of the 
puritan fellows thought, that if they could persuade him to 
resign, ' they might perhaps procure that Master Preston might 
succeed him, and bring the Colledge into reputation, being 
a good man, and yet a Courtier, the Prince his Chaplain, and 
very gracious with the Duke of Buckingham! They hoped also 
to procure the alteration of two of their original statutes, the 
one which compelled residence, ' so that they had not opportu- 
nity to live in Noble mens Houses, or take Lectures to exer- 
cise their Ministry, and make themselves known unto such as 
had it in their power to prefer them,' and the other which 
made the fellowships terminable ; and the rest of the society 
was ' easily induced to affect this change ; for they thought 



451 

Master Preston might be an instrument, by reason of his great 
acquaintance, either to get some mitigation of the Statute, or 
procure more livings to be annexed to the Colledge for .their 
preferment.' They urged the master also to resign by repre- 
senting to him that if he died, his successor might be forced on 
them by a mandate, who would remodel the college as Dr Carew 
[Carey] had done at Christ's. At last ' the poor man' who ' to 
out-live the mastership' thought was ' to outlive himself,' con- 
sented to resign if they could procure a promise from the 
court that no mandate should be granted, in case his resigna- 
tion should be known, and if some arrangement could be made 
for his future maintenance. Both these conditions were ful- 
filled ; he resigned, and for the statutory vacancy of seven days 
his resignation was kept a secret, and the election of Preston 
was accomplished, and ' then two of the fellows were dispatcht 
to Queens Colledge to acquaint Master Preston with what they 
had done, and to desire that at two of the Clock he would repair 
unto the Colledge to be admitted, and undertake the charge. 

' It was strange news at Queens, and all the Colledge were 
much affected with it, wondering extreamly that such a great 
transaction should be carried on with so much secrecy, and 
that amongst Master Prestons twelve Disciples (as they called 
them) there should be never a Judas but all concentre in it ; 
but there was order given presently, that all the Schollars should 
be ready against two of the Clock that day, to attend Master 
Preston and the Fellows to Emanuel Colledge, in Habits suit- 
able unto their several quallities, which was done accordingly ; 
and a very goodly Company attended him from Queens unto 
Emanuel, where they were cheerfully received and entertained 
according to the Custome, with a generous and costly Banquet, 
and then returned unto Queens again ; but left Master Preston, 
the prop and glory of it, at Emanuel.' (Ball, Life, pp. 93, 94.) 

Preston was elected shortly after 20 Sept. 1622, being at 
that time only 85 years of age. 

Among his pupils ' one Chambers, a Londoner (who died 
young), was very eminent for his learning. Being chosen 
master of Emmanuel college, he removed thither with most of 
his pupils ; and I remember when it was much admired, where 



452 

all there should find lodgings in that college, which was so full 
already, "Oh !" said one, " Master Preston will carry Chambers 
along with him." ' (Fuller, Worthies, Northamptonshire.) 

George Chambers of London was admitted pensioner of 
Queens' under Preston on 15 Sept. 1618. He was B.A. 1622-3 
and M.A. 1626. In MS. Ashmole xxxviij. art. 451, 453 are 
verses on his death by N. Chamber. 

Preston was made a chaplain to Charles prince of Wales by 
the favour of the duke of Buckingham, who thought thereby to 
ingratiate himself with the Puritans ; and he continued and in- 
creased in favour both with the new king and with the duke, 
and on the day of the death of James I. rode with them on 
their journey from Theobalds to London, 'applying comfort now 
to oue, now to the other, on so sad an occasion. His partie would 
perswade us, that he might have chose his own mitre, much 
commending the moderation of his mortified mind, denying 
all preferment, which courted his acceptance.... Indeed he was 
conceived to hold the Helme of his own partie, able to steere it, 
to what jpoint he pleased, which made the Duke [as yet] much 
to desire his favour.' ' Some will not stick to say that he 
had large parts of sufficient receipt to manage the Broad 
Seale it self, which if the condition had pleased him, was 
proffered unto him : For he might have been the Dukes right 
hand, though at last less than his little finger unto him : Who 
despairing that this Patriarch of the Presbyterian Party would 
bring off his side unto him, used him no longer who would not 
or could not be usefull unto him ' (Fuller, Church Hist, sub annis 
1625, n°. 6, et 1628, n°. 66). 

The doings of John Preston, whose 'Foes must confess, 
that (if not having too little of the Dove) he had enough of the 
Serpent,' may be found at length in Ball's interesting life of his 
old tutor. ' He was a perfect politician, and used (lapwing like) 
to flutter most on that place which was farthest from his eggs ; 
exact at the concealing of his intentions, with that simulation, 
which some make to lie in the marches of things lawful and 
unlawful. He had perfect command of his passion; with the 
Caspian Sea never ebbing or flowing ; and would never alter 
his composed pace for all the whipping which satirical wits 



453 

bestowed upon him' (Fuller, Worthies). He did not rule long 
over Emmanuel college. He grew ill and tried change of air, 
and suffered many things of many physicians, till at last he 
'let all care of Physick and the Doctors go' and 'resigned up 
himself to God alone/ and died 20 July 1628, nearly 41 years 
old. The endeavour to keep the vacancy of the mastership 
secret, which had succeeded in securing it to him, now caused 
him to have but a very plain funeral. The fellows ' durst not so 
much as make ' his death ' known, or do anything, from which 
it might be gathered. So he was buried decently, but without 
state, in Faivsley Church in the County of Northatnpton! 
(Ball, Life, 112, 113.) 

There is a portrait of Dr John Preston at Emmanuel college ; 
portraits of him are prefixed to his ' New Covenant or The Saints 
Portion' small 4°, to his 'Saints Infirmities,' small 8°, and to 
Ball's Life. 

Besides his life by Ball in Clarke's Lives [1677], there is 
a collection of notices of him and a list of his works in C. Purton 
Cooper's edition [8°. Lond. 1849, privately printed] of Melmoth, 
The Great Lmportance of a Religious Life, pp. 225-239. 

King James visited the university of Cambridge on J. 2 
March 1622-3 (Cooper, Ann. iii. 156-7). He dined at Trinity 
college, where he was entertained with a comedy by John 
Hacket (afterwards bishop of Lichfield) named Loiola. The 
expenses of the entertainment which fell to the share of 
Queens' college are thus recorded : 

YI Journale. 1622-23. fo. 10. [Apr.] Upon the Kings comming 
to Cambridg . .« iiij". xij^ ix**. 

Dr Mountaine bishop of London, and Dr Neile bishop of 
Durham who came with him, * staying in town all night, [next 
day] the Vice- Chancellor and some of the Heads went unto 
them, and presented them with gloves above 12.9. or a mark 
a pair' (Cooper, Ann. iii. 156-7). 

VI Journale. 1622-23. fo. 9. b. [Feb.] A payre of gloves for the 
Bisliop of London xxiiij^ 

In Nov. 1623 great rejoicings extending over three days 
took place on the return of Charles prince of Wales from Spain 



454 

(Cooper, Ann. iii. 160-1). Besides the ringing of bells, bon- 
fires, speeches and a ' gratulatorie sermon,' the university to 
shew their gladness published a volume of verses entitled 
Gratulatio A cademice Cantabrigiensis de serenissimi Principis * 
reditu ex Hispaniis exoptatissimo. 

VI Journale. 1623-24. fo. 13. [Oct.] To tlie Townesmen upon 

the Prince's retume from Spaine 0.2.6. 

For a bonefire upon the Prince's returne from Spaine ... 0. 3. 8. 

In 1624 occurred the death of Dr E-i chard Milbourne, who 
had been fellow of Queens' college from 1582 to 1593, and was 
afterwards successively dean of Rochester, bishop of St David's, 
and bishop of Carlisle. He was chaplain to prince Henry to 
whom 'his learning, good carriage and profitable preaching'- 
endeared him. 

In Dec. 1624, while the president was vice-chancellor, the 
king again visited Cambridge. He kept his court at Trinity 
college, and the usual academical performances took place 
(Cooper, Ann. iii. 170-1). 

VI Journale. 1623-24. fo. 14. b. [Sept.] To the Kinges Trumpet- 
ers (by the M"" when the Kinge was here) 0. 10. 0. 




|N 27 March 1625 king James I. died, and Charles I. was 
proclaimed at Cambridge on 30 March. The university 
celebrated these two events in a collection of poems, 
entitled Cantahrigiensium Dolor et Solamen, printed at Cam- 
bridge 1625. Among the writers appears the name of James 
Staninough of Queens' college. 

In the collection of university verses on the marriage of 
Charles I. and Henrietta Maria of France, 13 June 1625, 
Epithalamium Illustriss. et Feliciss. Principum Caroli Regis „ 
et R. Marice Begince Magnce Britannice, printed 1625, are verses 
by John Staninough, and G. Boteler of Queens'. 

The earl of Suffolk chancellor of the university, died Sun- 
day 28 May 1626, and George Villiers duke of Buckingham 
was the court candidate for the vacant office. 



455 

As soon as the chancellor's death was known, Dr Mountain 
bishop of London sent Dr Wilson his chaplain to Cambridge 
with a verbal message to the heads of colleges to chose the 
duke, such being his Majesty's desire and pleasure. They were 
inclined to accede to the king's wish, but a great number of the 
members of the senate, not pleased with this court interference, 
began at once to canvass for the earl of Berkshire son of the 
late chancellor, without consulting him. 

On Tuesday letters came from Dr Neile bishop of Durham 
confirming Dr Wilson's statement, and Dr Mountain also came 
to work for the duke, but ' found his own college (Queens') 
mo'st bent and resolved another way to his no small discon- 
tentment.' 

The heads sent for their fellows to persuade them to vote 
for the duke or not to vote against him, Dr Maw of Trinity 
making the election almost a college matter. To many this 
importunity was so distasteful, that they 'got hackneys and 
fled.' But in spite of all this activity the duke carried it only 
by eight votes. Dr Mansell and two fellows voted for the 
duke, but the greater number of the fellows (including Edward 
Martin) voted for the earl. *Dr George Porter the senior 
fellow was the only doctor who durst go with us' (says Mead) 
'against the duke' (Cooper, Ann. iii. 185 ff.). 

This election excited great attention, more particularly as 
the duke was at that very time under impeachment by the 
House of Commons, being charged with buying and selling 
offices and titles, procuring extravagant grants from the king, 
and also embezzling his treasure, extorting money from the 
East India merchants, neglecting the guard of the coast, 
lending ships to the French king, while the last article was 
an insinuation of his having procured the death of king James 
by the remedies which he administered. The parliament was 
wonderfully exasperated by the election, aggravating it as an 
act of rebellion, and sent letters to the heads and others to 
answer it, but the king stopped them (7 June), and commanded 
them not to stir in this business of the university which be- 
longed not to them but to himself. The consideration and 
debate of the king's answer was put off till 10 June, but no 



456 

further proceedings in this matter are recorded, and the 
parliament, insisting on the redress of public grievances before 
proceeding to vote the supplies, was dissolved 15 June.* 

Dr Nicholas Felton, bishop of Ely, who died 5 Oct. 1626, 
was admitted pensioner of Queens' college, on 8 March 1576-7 
as of the county of Norfolk. He was elected fellow of Pem- 
broke hall 27 Nov. 1583, master 1616-19, bishop of Bristol 
1617, and of Ely 1619. 

Although Dr Mansell was on the court side in the election \ 
for the chancellorship, yet in the case of the mastership of I 
Caius college in Nov. 1626 he is represented as 'eager' for 
the college candidate . Mr Batchcroft and so opposed to the 
courtiers Dr Maw (of Trinity), Dr Wren (of St Peter's) and 
Dr Beale (of Jesus), who were 'furious against him' (Mead's i 
letter of 11 Nov. 1626. Heywood and Wright, ii. 349). 

In March 1626-7, the Duke of Buckingham visited 
Cambridge for the first time as chancellor of the university ; 
besides dining at Trinity college, he 'had banquets at divers 
other colleges.' 

VI Journale. 1626-27. fo. 25. b. [March] For the Dukes enter- 
taynement at Trinity college 2. 2. 4. 

He expressed a marked regard for the university, proposed 
to build a new library for it at his own expense, and began to 
shew forth his liberal intentions by purchasing Erpenius' Arabic 
MSS., and giving the bedells new silver staves, but before his 
great plan could be carried out, he was murdered 23 Aug. 1628. 

On 22 Jan. 1627-8 the king gave a dispensation to the 
master and fellows to elect Gregory Isham to a fellowship, 
although not of a county out of which then a fellow might be 
chosen. On 30 Jan. Mr secretary Conway wrote to the college 
recommending him for election (Cal. State Papers 1627-8, fo. 525, 
35). He was not however elected, as he died in September 
1628 and was buried at St Botolph's Cambridge 24 Sept. 
Gregory Isham of Northamptonshire was admitted pensioner 
of Queens' College 29 Nov. 1625 under Mr Eales. He was 
B.A. 1625-6. He was probably the brother of Justinian Isham 



457 

the son of Sir John Isham of Lamport Northants, who was ad- 
mitted at Christ's college in April 1627 (Masson, Milton, i. 
150, 153). 

On 11 Feb. 1627-8 Mr Edwards late of Queens' college was 
charged before the vice-chancellor with having, in a sermon 
at St Andrew's church about the Midsummer before, preached 
against consulting with earthly superiors as tutors, husbands, 
masters, in any doubtful case, but that the person in doubt, 
; ought to find out a man in whom the Spirit of God dwells, one 
that is renewed by grace, and he should direct him. This he 
urged with very unnecessary warmth. On his examination he 
explained his meaning to be only if they advised contrary to the 
word of God, as to lie etc., to remember that speech of the 
apostle ' It is better to obey God than man,' but if they advise 
well, they were to be obeyed as the Pharisees sitting in Moses' 
seat, etc. He was also commanded to repeat his explanation 
at St Andrew's church 6 April 1628, and to send in a certifi- 
cate that he had done so 'under the hand of the minister 
there.' 

This explanation was made on the day appointed, but he 
'presently left the towne and made noe certificate,' and it was 
only on 18 May 1629, that a certificate to the required effect 
was signed by Thomas Goodwin curate of St Andrew's (after- 
wards president of St Mary Magdalen college Oxford, see his 
life prefixed to his works), Thomas Ball biographer of J. Preston, 
Thomas Marshall, Laurence Chaderton master of Emmanuel 
college, and William Bridge fellow of the same college (Calamy, 
Ace. 478). His explanation seems however not to have been 
made in a manner calculated to satisfy some of his opponents. 

This was Thomas Edwards, afterwards a celebrated puritan 
divine, author of Gangrcena. He was of London and was 
admitted pensioner of Queens' college 14 July 1618. He died 
24 Aug. 1647. (Wood, Ath. i. 846, Neal, Puritans.) 

Of him Fuller thus speaks; "I knew Mr Edwards very well, 
my contemporary in Queen's College, who was often transported 
beyond due bounds with the keenness and eagerness of his 
spirit ; and therefore, I have just cause in some things to sus- 

80 



458 

pect him; especially being informed and assured the contrary 
from credible persons.' {Appeal of injured innocence, Part iii. , 
n". 311.) Edwards had suggested that many of the Separatists 
left England for debt, while Fuller thought their consciences 
might be the cause of their expatriation. 

The original papers referring to this affair are contained in 
a volume in the registry of the university 'Miscellanea MS.' 
vol. 6. I. (Cooper, Ann. iii. 199. Hey wood and Wright, Cam- 
bridge transactions during the Puritan period, ii. 361-3.) 

Plays were acted in the college in March or April 1627-8, 
items connected with the representations being found in the 
bursars' accounts, but the names of the plays performed are not, : 
recorded. 

In April 1628 King Charles I. visited Cambridge (Cooper, , 
Ann. iii. 200). No account of any doings at this time seem to 
have been preserved. 

On the murder of the duke of Buckingham, Henry Rich 
earl of Holland was elected chancellor of the university without 
opposition in Sept. 1628. 

The death of Dr Geo. Mountain occurred 24 Oct. 1628. He 
had been fellow of Queens' college from 1592-1611, and had 
risen through the successive steps of dean of Westminster, , 
bishop of Lincoln, of London, and of Durham, to the metro- 
political see of York. He died however before he could be ■ 
enthroned. 

' On 9 May [1629] the Corporation [of Cambridge] made the 
following order : — 

* Queen's College having often digged tip sodds in the Green by 
Newnham, for the repairing of their butts, without any leave or 
license from this House, North Harrison and Michael Watson to 
have conference with the Master and fellows, to the intent it might 
be known, whether they do it in their own right or in presuming the ■ 
favour of the Town.' 

'It would appear from the foregoing, that the practice of 
archery was not discontinued in the colleges at this period.' ' 
(Cooper, Ann. iii. 214.) 



459 

In Sept. 1629 tlie chancellor lord Holland came with the 
French ambassador to visit Cambridge. They dined at Trinity 
college, saw Philip Stubbs' comedy of Fraus Honesta performed 
and visited many of the colleges. They arrived on Wednesday 
the 23rd and left on Friday the 25th. 

YI Journale. 1628-29. fo. 35. [Sept.] Contribution to the enter- 
tainnqient of a frenche embassadour 5. 13. 4, 

On 7 Sept. 1626 died sir Edward Villiers, half-brother of 

I' the first duke of Buckingham, the favourite of James I. He 

' was ambassador to Bohemia in 1620, and president of Munster, 

aad was distinguished not less by an admirable private character, 

than by his public life in Ireland. He was admitted fellow- 

; commoner of Queens' college in the year 1601. His eldest son 

I William, second viscount Grandison, in the peerage of Ireland, 

was father of Barbara, duchess of Cleveland, the ancestress of 

the dukes of Grafton and Cleveland. His fourth son Edward 

was the father of the first earl of Jersey. 

Thomas Middleton, a celebrated dramatist in the reigns of 
Elizabeth, James I., and Charles I. (Cooper, Memorials, i. 308), 
who had been admitted as sizar of the county of Bedford at 
Queens' college, 9 Oct. 1590, died in 1627. He is the author 
of many plays, and assisted Decker, Rowley, Massinger, Fletcher, 
and Jonson in others. 

On 14 March 1628-29 died James Ley, who migrated from 
Brasenose college Oxford, and was matriculated pensioner of 
Queens' college, in Nov. 1571. He became Chief Justice of the 
King's Bench in Ireland in 1621, and afterwards was promoted 
to the same position in England. He was appointed (1624) 
Lord Treasurer of England, and was created immediately after- 
wards Baron Ley of Ley in the county of Devon. On 5 Feb. 
1 Car. I. 1625-6, he was advanced to the title of earl of Marl- 
borough, and dying 3 years afterwards was buried at Westbury, 
Wilts. His heir Henry, the second earl, married Mary, daughter 
of sir xirthur Capel of Hadham. (Dugdale, Bar. ii. 451-2.) 

Thomas Fuller, the author of the Church History of Britain, 
was nephew of bishop Davenant ; he was admitted pensioner of 
Queens' college on 29 June 1621; he was B.A. 1624-5, and M.A. 

30—2 



460 

1628, being then 20 years of age. His uncle was anxious that 
he should be elected fellow of Queens' college. He wrote to the 
President once and again to know what likelihood there was for 
his preferment unto a fellowship, and Dr Mansell seems to -have 
given him some hopes, but at the election of 26 Sept. 1628 
seven fellows were elected, of whom Fuller was not one. On 
5 Nov. 1629 he migrated to Sidney Sussex college, that he might 
' be conveniently placed for the continuance of his studies ' till 
he should be ' otherwise disposed of Bishop Davenant's letters 
to Dr Samuel Ward are printed in the rev. A. T. Eussell's 
Memorials of the life and works of Thomas Fuller, D.D. (8vo. ^ 
London, Pickering, 1844), pp. 22-26. -fl 

In 1630 the plague was in Cambridge from April to Octo- 
ber, and for some time the university was in a manner wholly 
dissolved, all meetings and exercises ceasing, 'in many colleges 
almost none left.' The effect of the plague was to reduce the 
number of members of the university for many years, though 
at Queens' college the number of students suffered little altera- 
tion until the troubles began. The college broke up 17 April 
to avoid the infection. 

' No man won such golden opinions, by his brave and 
humane conduct during the time of the plague, as the Yice- 
chancellor, Br Butts. [He was master of Corpus Christi college, 
but had been first of Queens' college, being admitted pensioner 
14 Apr. 1592 : he removed to Corpus Christi college in 1595.] 
While most of the other heads had fled from the infection, he 
remained at his post, and in conjunction with a few others, did 
whatever he could to maintain order and distribute relief.' 

Writing to lord Coventry, the steward of the town, he says: 
' Myself am alone, a destitute and forsaken man, not a scholler 
with me in College, not a scholler seen by me without.' Although 
'through God's mercy the number of those who' died 'weekly' 
was ' not great in the total number of the inhabitants,' being 
for the whole duration of the visitation but 347, yet the terror 
was so great, that everything was at a complete standstill. All 
who depended for their living on the university were left 
destitute, and as many as 2800 persons were thrown upon 
charity, for whose relief a general collection was ordered by the 



461 

king in the dioceses of Canterbury, London, Winchester and 
Lincoln, while to the danger of infection was added the danger 
of famine, the farmers fearing to send their wheat into the 
town. For his eminent services during this time of peril, Dr 
Butts was re-elected vice-chancellor for the academic years 
1630 31 and 1631-32 (Masson, Milton, i. 201-2. CooiDer, Ann. 
iii. 223-9). 

17°. Apx\ 1630. The colledge brake up, so did the university, to 
avoid the infection of the plague dangerously spred in the towne. 
It was then agreed that fellows shoold have their whole allowance, 
during the time of the dissolution, whether they were absent or 
present 

Octob. 29, This grant for absence (fee. was continued till the audit. 

(Old Parchm. Reg. 16.) 

Prince Charles (afterwards Charles II.) was born 29 May 
1630. As the plague prevailed in the town at that time and 
the university was dispersed, the usual congratulations were not 
offered to the royal parents till the following year, when on the 
occasion of the birth of the princess Mary (4 Nov. 1631) a collec- 
tion of verses was printed, entitled ' Genethliacum illustr. prin- 
cipum Garoli et Marioe a Musis Gantabrigiensibus celebratum.' 
It contains verses by Daniel Chandler, Daniel Wicherly and 
John Pleijs, fellows of Queens', and Francis Tyndal brother of 
the late president Dr Humphrey Tyndall. 




HE following miscellaneous items from the bursars' 
books belong to this mastership : 



Yl Journale. 1622-23. fo. 9 b. [Jan.] Our Master and 2 fel- 
lowes charges to London v". 

fo. 10. [Apr.] For two water pots to the garden xij^ 

For Rose-mary vi**. 

For Sage and time ■ iij'. 

[May] For binding to the Rose-trees iiij**. 

fo, 10. b. [Aug.]. To the Trumpetter upon the fift of August, xij*. 

[Sept.} Mr Martins and two other fellowes charges to 
N, Market xxxix', vj**. 



4G2 

fo. 11. The bill of fellows charges at N. Market under cast... x". 
1623-24. fo. 13. [Nov.] To Byam [Sam. Byham, Cooper, Ann. 

in. 175] for trurapettiug the 5. of Nov o. 1. o. 

fo. 13 b. [Jan.] 24 skins of parchement for the statute booke. o. ,xij. o. 

For newe bindinge the statute booke o. ij. o. 

For writinge the statutes o. xiij. iiij . 

fo. 14 [May] To a Trumpettour May 31 o. j. o. 

fo. 14 b. [Sept.] For the two tables of the universities in the 

Lodginge 0. 10. 0. 

To Trumpettors in June given by the master 0. 2. 0. 

Borde to mend a mappe frame in the Lodginge 0. 0. 9. 

1624-25. fo. 17. [Dec] For 6 Russian leather chaires... ij. xiiij. o. 
fo. 17. b, [Jan.] To [M"" Spicer] for the discharge of a taske of 

21. in the 30'^ of Eliza o. x. o. 

fo. 18. [June] For the stone worke over the Dyall in the new 

court o. X. o. 

[Sept.] The Painter for the Dyall and for golde i. ij. viij, 

fo. 18 b. For the map of Italy and professors arraes o. x. o. 

1625-26, fo. 22. [May] For my L. of Southamptons trumpet- 

ters o. ij. vj. 

[July] To the La. of SufFolks keeper for bringing a bucke.. j. o. o. 
[Aug.] To Mr Roberts for Easter- day sermon for himselfe 

and Dr Wai-ner ij. o. o. 

1626-27. fo. 25 b. [Apr.] For writing the booke of first 

fruites T 2. 0. 0. 

1627-28. fo. 29. b. [January] Dr Warner for the La. Wiches 

sermon 0. 13. 4. 

[Feb.] D. of Buckingham's trumpetters 0. 10. 0. 

fo. 31. [Sept.] Glazier for buttery and Stangate hole 0. 3. 7. 

1628-29. fo. 33. b. [Jan.] To the cryer of lanthorne and candle- 
light 0. 3. 0. 

fo. 34. [Mai'ch] For seeds for the Kitchen garden 0. 2. 6. 

[Apr.] For clensing the Bocards 0. 3. 6 

fo. 34. b. [June] Rushes for the summer house 0. 0. 3 

1629-30. fo. 37. [Nov.] For 2000 of Quicksett for the fellows 

garden 0. 10. 0. 

fo. 38. [Feb.] To the gardner extraordinarie about y^ Bowling 

alley 0. 3. 0. 

To 72 young Ashes sett in the Hand at Is. 3c?. a peece.. 4. 10. 0. 
[Mar.] A flesh Baskett 0.1.6, 



I 



463 



fo. 38. b. [July] For pitch, tan', &c., to air the Officers and 

Schollars Chambers . 0. 2. 0. 

1630-31. fo. 41. b. [Jan.] For a juniper sett and Quick-sett-mens 

paines 0. 1. 6. 

At the reading of the statutes for raisens, almons, cakes, etc. 0. 8. 0. 
[Feb.] To Mace the Musitian, in earnest for eleven thousand 

of brick at 15s. the thousand besides fetching 1. 0. 0. 

[March]" To a Trumpeter by Mr Plum, upon a Festivall 

day 0. 1. 0. 

fo. 42. b. [July] To Brian for his blast upon K: J: cor: 

day 0. 1. 0. 




464 




16 Oct. 1631—13 March 164f. 
7—19 Car. I. 

IN the death of Dr Mansell, Edward Martin was chosen 
to succeed him. It is strange, that the whole of the 
early life of one, who was afterwards so conspicuous, 
should be shrouded in deep obscurity. He was born about the 
year 1581, as in a letter, written 5 Apr. 1660, he speaks of 
'the infirmities which accompany seventy-nine years,' but of 
his birthplace and of his parentage nothing is known, except 
that in the college books he is put down as a fellow of the 
county of Cambridge. As a Cambridgeshire man, he might be 
one of the Martins of Steeple Morden, but the parish register 
does not contain the years about 1581. 

Lloyd in his Memoires (p. 461) states that he 'had six 
Ancestors in a direct line, learned before him, and six libraries . 
bequeathed to him,' and that ' though inclined to anything more 
than learning, yet, as he would say, was he Hatched a Scholar, j 
as Chickens are at Gran-Cairo, by the very heat of the Family 
he was related to.' It is a pity that Lloyd has not given some 
further information. But the value of this statement is much 
diminished by the following fact. At the . beginning of the 
copy of his Memoires in the college library is this note in the 
hand of Richard Bryan, a fellow of Queens' college who was a 
great friend of Dr Martin: 'In hoc libro, multi sunt authoris 
errores ; plura prseli errata ; plurima ingeniose dicta et scitu 
dignissima,' and opposite the words 'who had six ancestors in 
a direct line,' he has put '/,' perhaps intended for 'false:' he 
has put the same mark to the statement, that Dr Richard 



465 

Holdsworth 'bequeathed his books to the college,' for 'though 
a great part of his booka went to Emmanuel, yet he gave a 
large library to the university of Cambridge' (Ward, Gresham 
Professors 62). 

His entry as a sizar at Queens' in 1605 is inserted in the 
'Old Parchment Register' in a later hand, the month and day, 
his county , and the name of his tutor being omitted: he was 
matriculated 4 July 1605. Of his undergraduate days we know 
only, that he was neither scholar nor bible-clerk, but after pro- 
ceeding B.A. in 1608-9 he held a scholarship, till he took the 
degree of M.A. in 1612. 

He was elected fellow for the county of Cambridge on 11 
March 1616-7, and admitted 18 Sept. 1617. He held the col- 
lege office of prselector geometricus for the years 1617-8-9-20-1, 
that of examinator 1623-24; he was censor theologicus and 
examinator in 1624-25, decanus capella3 in 1625-26 and censor 
philosophicus in 1627-28. In 1628-29 he was scrutator of the 
university. He was senior bursar 1623-24, 1624-25, 1625-26. 

When and by whom he was ordained does not appear. 

Y Journale. 1618-19. fo. 175. [March] To M^ Martin for preach- 
inge the Quarter Sermon , vj\ viij^ 

In 1621. he proceeded B.D. and was incorporated at Oxford 
16 July 1621 (Wood's Fasti, [Bliss, v.] part. i. p. 399). 

He was nominated by the college to the vicarage of Hocking- 
ton Cambridgeshire, 16 May 1625; this living he held till 1630, 
when, upon his further preferment, Bobert Ward was nominated 
by the society, 29 October. His presentation to Hockington was 
sealed 19 Sept. 1625, his testimonial bears the same date. In 
1625 also he subscribed the three articles of the 36th canon 
on being licensed a preacher by the university (MS. Baker 
xxvii. 202). 

In 1626 he voted in the minority against the duke of Buck- 
ingham, the court candidate for the chancellorship. 

In 1628 he became chaplain to Dr William Laud, then 
bishop of Bath and Wells but soon afterwards (17 June 1628) 
bishop of London; in this office he continued till after April 
1631. To this period of Edward Martin's career the following 



466 

letter in the Library of the British Museum (MS. Burney 369, 
fo. 95.) belongs. The seal unfortunately is lost. 

Worthy frende, 

All I have to say is my Lo:' is come home, and is very well. 
He came to London last weddensday, and went this day to doe his 
duty to His Ma'"''. My Lo: of Winchester came here on tuesday 
was seuenight and was never si eke hee thank es God and you at 
Canterbury; only he had the episgirtiipsy (as the phisitians call it), 
some two days. Silly men, doe you expect to heare any truth in 
these dayes 1 and at Canterbury ? O medici, mediam pertundite 
venam\ Well your Brother old M Vossius was w*^ us this morninge 
at London House and I am D" Wawer's^ and 

your assured frende and 

London House, Servant 

Octob. 26. 1629. Edward Martin. 

Addressed : 
For my very worthy and lovinge 
freind M' Merrick Casaubon 
one of the Prebends of Canter- 
bury, at his lodgings there, 
these dd. 

On 3 July 1630, he was preferred to the rectory of Conning- 
ton Cambridgeshire, and compounded for first fruits 17 July 
(MS. Baker xxviii. 173). 

VI Journale. 1640-41. fo. 98. [Aug.] A messenger to Cunning- 
ton by D"" Cox 0.2.6 

1641-42. fo. 103. [July] To Bell for going to Conington 0.1.0 

On 11 Jan. 1630-1 the college gave Mr Martin leave of 
absence for one year (Old Parchment Register, fo. 161. b). 

At this period, the right of licensing books to be printed 
pertained to the archbishop of Canterbury and the bishop of 

^ Juv. vi. 46. 

^ Probably John Warner, afterwards bishop, Le Neve (Hardy) i. 47. 



467 

London, and it was part of the duty of their chaplains to examine 
all works intended for the press, so that they might be legally 
entered at Stationers' hall as allowed by authority, and might 
then appear with the words 'cum privilegio' or sometimes with 
an exact copy of the licenser's certificate according to a form 
then recently introduced (Masson, Life of Milton, i. 507 ff.). 

On 27 Nov. 1630, Edward Martin as household chaplain to 
the bishop of London, ' licensed a Booke for the Presse intituled 
An Historicall Narration of the judgment of some most learned 
and Godly English Bishops, holy Martyrs and others, concerning 
God's Election and the Merits of Christ's death; set forth by 
I. A. of Ailward (a late Seminary Priest), and printed for 
Samuell Nealand, 1631. The whole scope of this Book was to 
prove, that the Martyrs and first Reformers of our Church in 
K. Ed. the 6, and Q. Maries dayes, and the hsginning of 
Q. Elizabeths Raigne, to he Arminians, and Arminianisme the 
established Doctrine of our Church! It contained a reprint of 
an anonymous pamphlet of the year 1561; and extracts from 
bishop Hooper's 'Preface upon the Commandments,' and from 
bishop Latimer's sermons. Prynne calls this book 'the greatest 
affront and imposture ever offered to, or put upon the church 
of England in any age deserving the highest censure.' 

The original pamphlet was an answer to 'A fruteful Treatise 
of Predestination, and of the divine providence of God (Lond, 
J. Tysdale n. d. 16") by John Veron, chaplain to the Queen 
and Divinit}^ lecturer at St Paul's Cathedral.' Veron replied to 
it with 'An apology or defence of the doctrine of Predestina- 
tion' (Lond. J. Tysdale, n. d.); in it he calls the wi'iter Cham- 
pneys, and is very severe upon him, styling his opinions damn- 
able and him 'the blinde guide of the freewill men,' 'a very 
Pelagian, and consequently a ranke Papist.' Another reply 
to Champneys' book by Robert Crowley, vicar of St Giles with- 
out Cripplegate, was intitled 'An Apologie or Defence of these 
English Writers and Preachers, which Cerberus the Three- 
headed dog of Hell charge th with false doctrine under the 
name of predestination' (Lond. Binneman, 1566, 4°). 

When this book (the ' Historicall Narration ') was published, 
Prynne requested sir Humfrey Lynde to tell Laud, then bishop 



468 

of London, the history of Champneys' pamphlet, and to acquaint 
him with 'this desperate Imposture he had obtruded on our 
Church to his eternall Infamie,' and to advise him to call in and 
burn this 'dangerous seducing booke,' under pain of being prose- 
cuted by Prynne. This threat producing no result, Prynne pro- 
cured its suppression by archbishop Abbot. Bishop Laud 
seems at first to have denied that Martin licensed the book, but 
afterwards admitted it, and told the primate, that his chaplain 
had done very ill in so doing, ' but he had given him such a ;| 
ratling for his paines, that he would warrant His Grace, hee 
should never meddle with Arminian Bookes or Opinions more.' 
This the archbishop told Mr Prynne on Easter Even (9 Apr. 
1631), 'to which Mr Prynne replied, that indeed he had ratled 
him to very great purpose, for no longer then yesterday [Good 
Friday] in the afternoone his Chaplaine Martin Preaching the 
Passion Sermon at Paules Crosse, puhlikly broached [and] main- 
tained Vniversall grace and Redemption, with all the Arminian 
Errors contained in this Book and condemned in the Synod of \ 
Dort, to the great offence of the Auditors' [The Charge which 
came against him upon the next Days Hearing, was this and 
no more ; That one then Preached at the Cross Universal Re- 
demption; That he that gave Testimony, knew him not; only 
he says, one told him 'twas Dr. Martin (Laud's Works, ed. Bliss, 
iv. 290).] He urged that Mr Martin should be censured in the 
High Commission, but the only result was that he left the 
bishop's service as chaplain, and that the book was suppressed. 
Prynne says that ' Doctor Martin for this good service was pre- 
sently after by this Bishop advanced to a great living, and 
likewise to the headship of Queenes college.' The living was 
the rectory of Uppingham to which he was instituted 12 Oct. 
1631 on the decease of Thomas Eowlatt. Laud's influence with 
the king may easily have produced Edward Martin's promotion 
to the mastership (Prynne, Canterburies Loom 167 &., Histrio- 
mastix 531, 532). 

Y Journale. 1631-32. fo. 46. [Apr.] To ffreeman for Ms journey 
to Uppingham . 14 . 



469 

jra^^IHE mastership of Queens' became vacant on 7 Oct. 
^^^ 1631, and on Sunday 16 Oct. Edward Martin was 
^^'^J unanimously chosen president, as Prynne states by 
bishop Laud's influence. 

On 20 March 1631-2 he took the degree of D.D. by royal 
mandate (MS. Baker xxv. 262). 

Sir Simonds D'Ewes {Autoh, ed. by J. O. Halliwell, Lond. 
1845, ii. 67-8) gives the following account of the events of that day. 
'The day following [Wedn. 21 March 1631-2] after dinner I left 
the University (having enjoyed conference with some learned 
men there) and came safe back to Islington, Thursday, March the 
22nd. There passed divers degrees at this time at Cambridge, 
by virtue of the King's recommendatory lettei'S, of which divers 
new and unworthy Doctors of Divinity partaking, the whole body 
of the University took great offence ; and in the open Regent's 
house told Doctor Buts, master of Bennet College, then Vice 
Chancellor, to his face, that they did istam graditum nundina- 
tionem improbare (for all these Doctors had paid Mr Sanderson, 
the Earl of Holland's secretary, large rates for their doctorships, 
which Earl was now Chancellor of that University,) and so 
would not give their votes and assents to pass and confirm that 
dignity to Doctor Martin, Master of Queen's College, in Cam- 
bridge, and to the other new doctors ; yet Doctor Buts carried 
business through with much disorder and violence, and pro- 
nounced them to have passed and attained that degree. This 
heaped so much distaste upon him in the said University (Mr 
Sanderson also being about this time turned out of his place by 
the said Earl of Holland) that the first day of April, being 
Easter-day, he hung himself in the morning, in his lodgings in 
Bennet College aforesaid.' 

Sir Simons D'Ewes's opinions of the High-church divines of 
Laud's time were very bitter and his expressions concerning 
them most exaggerated. He declares that they were the same 
with the Anabaptists, that their lives were wicked and scanda- 
lous, and their doctrines cursed and graceless [Autoh. ii. 65), 
and that they projected and plotted the ruin of the truth and 
gospel (ii. 113). He scarcely seems an impartial judge in the 
matter of Edward Martin's degree. 



470 

On the death of Dr Owen Gwyn, master of St John's college, 
in June 1633, the seniors procured the king's letters, dated 
11 June, in favour of Dr Lane the president of the college, in 
pursuance whereof they with some of their friends chose him 
their master. Richard Holdsworth who was supported by the 
younger fellows, was elected by a clear majority of the society. 
Each party presented their master-elect to the vice-chancellor 
for admission. The house thus being governed by two masters, 
irregularities necessarily occurred, and at last on 17 Aug. 1638 
the king granted a commission to the heads to inquire concern- 
ing Dr Lane and the crimes and excesses charged against him. 
The commission sat from Sept. to Dec. The report of the vice- 
chancellor and the greater part of the heads was unfavourable 
to him : they certified to his usual absence from college chapel 
and the university sermon, his habit of drinking to excess, his 
bad management of the college estates, etc. Against this 
report Edward Martin protested on 12 Dec. charging the com- 
missioners with unfairness, taking hearsay evidence, and the like. 
To this the heads answered on 14 Dec. 

* So the matter continuing yet perplexed and the commis- 
sioners divided, his majesty took the matter back into his own 
hands, and... to prevent divisions... he pitched upon a third man, 
and sent his letters mandatory [dated 14 Feb. 1633-4] for Dr 
Beale, who, after a long struggle of eight or nine months be- 
twixt the contending parties, was admitted master February 
20th by the greater part of the fellows' (Baker, St Johns, ed. by 
J. E. B. Mayor, p. 214-5, 628-7). 

By letters patent of 4 Feb. 13 Car. I. 1637-8, directed to 
the archbishop of Canterbury, the two parsonages of Houghton 
Franchise and Houghton Guildable were, at the request of 
Richard Conquest, the patron of the two livings, united into the 
one rectory of Houghton Conquest, to avoid the contentions 
which had arisen between previous rectors with respect to 
tithes. Mr Conquest presented Dr Martin to the living, and 
the archbishop, who was then ordinary, the bishop of Lincoln 
Dr John Williams being under suspension, instituted him to it, 
and he was inducted 3 March 1637-8. By accepting this living 



471 

he vacated tlie rectory of Uppingham, and Juxon bishop 
of London presented Jeremy Taylor to it, who was instituted 
23 March 1637-8. 

The • value of the rectory of Houghton Conquest was about 
£240 per annum. (Calamy, Ace. 91.) 

Dr Martin never served the office of vice-chancellor. 

He would seem to have been a member of the celebrated 
convocation of 1640 from the following notice ia Cole's MS. 
xxiv (Add. MSS. 5825) fo. 37. b. 

'Extracts from Lib, B. in the Bp of Ely's office in Cam- 
bridge. 

Mandate from B^ Wren to the clergy and particularly to Chris- 
topher Philipps, his sworn apparitor, to assemble in St Michael's 
church in Cambridge on Thursday 26 March 1639 [1640] before Tho» 
Eden LL.D. his Vicar general, in order to chuse two proctors for the 
clergie of this diocese to meet in convocation in the chapter house of 
S' Paul's Cathedral in London 14 April. 

Tho. Eden. 
Dat. 9 Martii. 

On the back of this sheet of paper are all these names 
subscribed and seemingly most of them by the persons them- 
selves and in this manner 

Dr' Martin 

Dr Wilson — ' 

Then follows a collection of names of clergymen, in two groups 
always, in different hands, one in a smaller hand arranged 
under the several deaneries of Chesterton, Barton, etc., appa- 
rently the names of the incumbents who elected the above two 
proctors. 

The fourth parliament of Charles I. met on 13 April 
1640, and the convocation the day after. The parliament was 
dissolved on 15 May following, but the convocation sat a 
month longer, and composed a book of canons, which was con- 
firmed by the synod of the northern province, approved of by 
the king by the advice of his privy-council, and ratified under 
the broad seal 30 June 1640. Dr Martin was probably elected 



472 

proctor for the convocation which assembled with the new parlia- 
ment in Nov. 1640, as in a pamphlet of 1647 he calls himself a 
member of convocation. 




N the disputes between Charles I. and the Long Par- 
liament, Dr Martin, as might be expected from his con- 
nexion with archbishop Laud, took part with the king, 
and was active in promoting his cause in the university. On 
29 June 1642 the king wrote from York to the vice-chancellor 
requesting the university to contribute money for his defence 
against the parliament; promising to repay all such sums as 
should be lent him, with interest at 8 per cent, justly and 
speedily, as soon as it should please God to settle the distrac- 
tions of the kingdom. In compliance with this request Dr 
Martin subscribed £100, and ten of the fellows, £85. The 
loyalty of the society must have been very great, as even under 
Dr Beale's government, St John's college only gave £150. 

On the 24 July of the same year the king, being at Leices- 
ter, wrote again to the vice-chancellor soliciting that the plate 
of the several colleges might be sent to him (on the ground 
that the parliamentary party were about to seize it), dispensing 
with any statutes which might forbid such a disposal of college 
property, and promising to return it, or at least the same 
amount, when the troubles should be ended. John Foley, 
fellow of Pembroke hall and proctor this year, was the person 
commissioned by the king in these affairs, and Dr Martin and 
the society delivered to him for the king's use on 3 Aug. 1642, 
923f oz. of gilt and white plate. St John's and other colleges 
did the like about the same time. Oliver Cromwell, who was 
directed by the parliament to intercept the college plate, lay in 
ambush between Cambridge and Huntingdon near Lolworth, 
but in spite of all his vigilance the greater part, valued at 
£8000 or £10,000, including apparently that of Queens' college, 
safely reached the king at Nottingham. (Cooper, Ann. iii. 328.) 
St John's college contributed 206 5f oz. of plate to the 'ser- 
vice of his Majesty' on 8 Aug. 1642 (Baker, St John's, ed. by 
J. E. B. Mayor, p. 632). 



473 

Such proceedings^ were not suffered to pass unpunished in 
counties so hostile to the royal cause as Cambridgeshire and the 
other eastern counties were. The three doctors, Martin, Beale 
of St John's college, and Sterne of Jesus college, who had been 
most active in the matter, became objects of the resentment of 
the partisans of the parliament. Dr Martin found the hand of 
that party very heavy upon him, for he was not only obnoxious 
for his warm zeal for episcopacy and church order, and for his 
activity and vigour on the royalist side, but also for the old 
story of his licensing the 'Historicall Narration.' 

Accordingly he and the other two masters just mentioned 
were, on 30 Aug. (see letter of the three doctors to the earl 
of Holland dated 20 Sejjt. 1642), seized by Colonel Cromwell, 
Avho had wdth some parties of soldiers surrounded the several 
chapels, while the scholars were at prayers. When first taken, 
they were treated ' with all possible scorn and contempt, especi- 
ally Cromwell behaving himselfe most insolently towards them, 
and when one of the Doctors made it a request to Cromwell, 
that he might stay a little to put up some linnen, Cromwell 
denyed him the favour; and whether in a jeere, or simple malice 
told him, that it teas not in his Commission.' 

'Halving now prepared a shew to entertain the people, in 
triumph they lead the captives towards London, where the 
people were beforehand informed what captives Colonell Crom- 
well was bringing. In the Villages as they passed from Cam- 
bridge to London, the People were called by some of their 
Agents to come and abuse, and revile them.' {Mercurius Rus- 
ticus 114, 115.) 

On 1 Sept. 1642 the Lord General, Robert earl of Essex, 
informed the House of Lords, that some heads of the colleges 
in Cambridge, that had conveyed the plate of the colleges to 
York for the maintenance of a war against the parliament, were 

1 This account of the adventures and troubles of Dr Martin and his friends 
is taken from the Mercurius Rusticus, the Querela Cantabrigiensis (1647) and a 
transcript of the letters of the doctors and orders of the committee of Parhament 
written in part by Dr Martin (with notes by K. Bryan, one of the fellows ejected 
in 1644, and afterwards restored,) preserved in the college. Dr Martin's letters 
hereafter given, are transcribed from the originals which still remain in the 
college. 

.31 



474 

apprehended, and that the committee for the safety of the king- 
dom had given orders, that they should be brought by water to 
the Tower of London. This order was to the following effect : 

Sept. 1. 1642. 

It is ordered by the Coinittee of the Lords and Comons appointed 
for the safety of the kingdome, That the Bishop of Ely, D' Martin, 
D' Beal, and D^ Sterne bee safely conveyed by you to Blackwall and 
from thence by water to the Tower of London, where they are to bee 
kept, till further dii'ection bee given. 

Essex. 
To Captaine Oliver P. Wharton. [John lord] Roberts. 

Cromwell. Jo. Pym. Ph. Stapleton. 

Anth. Nicoll. 

This the Lords approved of, and made the following order : 

Die Jovis, P"° Sept. 1642. 
Ordered by the Lords in Parliament, that the Leivetenent of the 
Tower of London shall take the Bodyes of the Lo*^ Bishop of Ely, 
M"^ D"^ Beal, M"^ D' Martin, and M'' D' Sterne into his safe custody, 
until 1 the pleasure of this House bee further signify ed unto him, and 
this shall bee his sufficient warrant. 

To the Gentleman-Usher or his John Brown 

Deputy to bee delivered to the Clef. Parliam. 

Leiutenant of the Tower of 
London, 

Though the above express order reached Cromwell 'at 
Tottenham High crosse, (wherein notwithstanding there was no 
Crime expressed) yet were [the Doctors brought to London, 
instead of to Blackwall, and then were] led captive [from Shore- 
ditch] through Bartholomew Faire, and so as farre as Temple- 
Bar' {Querela, 5), 'when the Concourse was as thick as the nego- 
tiation of buyers and sellers, and the warning of the Beadles of 
the Faction (that use to give notice to their party) could make 
it; they lead these captives leisurely through the midst of the 
Faire : as they passe along, they are entertained with exclama- 
tions, reproaches, scornes, and curses, and considering the pre- 



475 

judice raised in the City of them, it was Gods great mercy that 
they found no worse usage from them.' From Temple Bar they 
were led back through the city to the Tower ; and ' the people 
there use them with no lesse incivility within the walls, then 
the people did without, calling them Papists, Arminians, and I 
know not what' {Mercurius Rusticus, 115). 

Here the primate and the bishop of Ely were already im- 
prisoned, and to make the position of the archbishop still more 
painful, on 3 Sept. the Lords made an order (Cooper, Ann. iii. 
330) that the bishop and the Cambridge doctors should not be 
permitted to speak or keep company with him. 

After being confined some days, the masters drew up the 
following petition, which was presented by the earl of Holland, 
the chancellor of the university, and read 20 September : 

To the Right Hon:'"'' the Lo:"*' assembled in 
the high Court of Parliament. 

The huuible Petition of William Beal, Edward Martin and 
Richard Sterne, D" in Divinity and M'^ of Coll:« in Cam- 
bridge 

Sheweth 
That whereas your Pet:" are by your Lo:PP' order of the 
1 of this Instant Septenib. coinitted Prisoners to the Tower, whereby 
they are forced to neglect both their owne private affaires and the 
publique dutyes of their severall places, the Fees also and other 
charges of their imprisonment being farre greater than their estates 
are able to beare, to the iitter undoing of your Pet :" and those that 
depend upon them, if they should still see continue, 

May it please your Lo :"' in tender consideration of the pre- 
mises to graunt your Pet :" their Libertyes upon their bonds 
to appeare, whensoever your Lo:^' shall please to appoint, 
and your Pet :" shall pray &c. 

WiLLAM Beal. 

Edward Martin. 

Richard Stern]^. 

The letter, in which they requested the chancellor to under- 
take the presenting their petition to the Lords, was to the 
following effect : 

31—2 



476 

Right Hon''" 

The dvity we owe to your Lop as our Hon^'* Chancellor (as | 
well as the interest we presume to claime in that name) may seem I 
not only to excuse or warrant, but to require our addresse to your 
LoP at this time ; the business concerning us not onely as particular 
men, but as members and Heads of the University. So it is, may it ' 
please yo"" Lo^, that upon two severall letters from his Ma'^'' (one for 
the loane of mony, the other for the depositing our plate) directed to 
the Yicechancello'', and by him solemnly published at severall meet- 
ings of the Heads, called for that purpose, we among others, or rather 
after others, shewing our obedience and conformity thereunto, were for | 
that cause upon the 30th of August last apprehended and upon the i 
first of this instant September by order from the Right Hon^'^ the 
LP' assembled in Parliam' committed prisoners to the Tower, where 
wee have continued ever since to our great trouble and hindrance 
and insupportable charge. And now intending (as in duty becomes 
us) to petition that Hon^'^ House for our release, wee hum.bly intreat 
your Lo^^ Hon'''^ assistance both in presenting our petition, (which 
wee crave leave to tender unto your LqP by this bearer) and in pro- 
ciiring us a favorable and speedy answer ; wherein your Lo^ shall 
highly oblige as the rest of the Heads (who are equally or more con- 
cerned in the cause, though not yet in the suffrings) so especially 
Your Hon"" humbly devoted servants, 

From the Tower, W" Beale. 

September 20*'' Edward Martin. 

1642. Richard Sterne. 

Addressed : 

To the Right Hon''-' Henry Earle 
of Holland, Chancellor of the University 
of Cambridge, our very good lord, 
these humbly present. ■ 

Upon reading of this petition, the Lords ordered 'that the 
Comittee for the Defence of the Kingdome shall consider of the 
offence and miscarriage of the said D"., and afterwards make 
report to this House, w"h will give such further Directions 
herein as shall bee just.' Dr Martin and his fellow-sufferers 
naturally expected that the House of Lords who had committed 
them, would be informed why they had committed them, yet 



477 

though they petitioned the Committee for the Defence (27 Sept.) 
through the earl of Holland to give the Lords the certificate 
required, 'touching the cause of the comitment of your said 
Pet:" with such favourable expedition as may stand with your 
hon:"^ wisedom,' the only result was the following order: 

Die LuDfe, 24 Octob. 1642. 
It is this day ordered, and appointed by the L :''''' and Comons in 
Parliament assembled, that all the Prisoners in the Tower bee forth- 
w'h kept under such restraint, as that not any Prisoner bee suffei''d 
to have above two servants, or permitted to have speeeh, or converse 
with any other prisoner, or jierson, but in the presence or hearing of 
his keeper. 

To the Gentleman -Usher or his Jo. Browne Cleric. 

Deputy to bee delivered to the Parliamentoi"'. 

Leiu-tenent of the Tower of 
London or his Deputy. 

Their imprisonment was further aggravated by the order 
made by the Commons (2 Dec.) 'that all Malignants and Delin- 
quents that were sent for should bear their own charges.' 

As no further notice was taken of the two petitions of the 
Cambridge Doctors, on 15 Dec. they presented to the Lords by 
the earl of Holland a petition nearly the same as that of 
15 Sept. 'Hereupon, in regard these Persons were imj)risoned 
by the Information of the House of Commons,' the Lords 
'ordered, To acquaint them with the Desire of the Petitioners.' 
Soon after the three colleges also addressed the following 
petition to the Lords for the release of their masters, their 
presence being especially necessary at the approaching audits, 
for the choice of scholars and college officers, the renewing of 
leases and other business (Lords' Journals, v. 517): 

To the Right Honourable the Lords assembled in the High Court of 

Parliament. 
The humble Petition of the Fellows of St John's College, Queens' 
College, and Jesus College, in the University of Cambridge, 
Sheweth 
That whereas Doctor Beale, Doctor Martin and Doctor Sterne, 
Masters of our said Colleges, have a long time been, and still are, 



478 

Prisoners in tlie Tower, by Order of this High and Honourable Court; 
and whereas their Presence with us is always most useful and bene- 
ficial for the Preservation of good Order and Unity amongst us, but 
now at this Time especially requisite, if not altogether necessary, for 
the making up of our Audit Accompts now approaching, the Choice 
of Scholai's and Officers, the renewing of Leases, and many other 
Businesses most nearly concerning the "Welfare of our foresaid seve- 
ral Colleges respectively ; 

We, therefore, your most humble Petitioners, do crave 
of this High and Honourable Court, in these our urgent 
Necessities, the Presence of our aforesaid Masters amongst 
us; so shall we, who are now yours, become Petitioners to 
Almighty God, for the happy Success and Accomplishment of 
your just Acts and Designs. 

This was read Monday 26 Dec. (Cooper, A mi. iii. 330), and 
it was referred to the committee for the safety of the kingdom, 
by whose order they had been apprehended, to see for what 
offences they were committed, and to report the same; and 
then their Lordships would take the said business into con- 
sideration. 

Still nothing was done towards their trial or release, and on 
11 Jan. 1642-3 sir Phihp Stapleton procured from the close 
committee of Lords and Commons for the safety of the kingdom, 
an order, that the three masters should be delivered over to the 
keeper of the lord Petre's house in Aldersgate street. The 
number of malignant clergy and gentry, who were apprehended 
by order of the Parliament, was so great, as not only to fill the 
common jails in London, but also the bishops' houses, Lambeth 
palace, Ely House, London House, etc., together with lord 
Petre's house, Gresham college, and many others which were 
converted into prisons for their reception. (Walker, Sufferings, 
part i. 57.) 

The two orders concerning the doctors were as follows : 

These are to will and require you forthwith upon sight hereof to 
deliver over unto the keeper of the lord Peters house the bodies of 
William Beale, Edward Martin, and Richard Sterne, D""' in Divinity, 
and now prisoners in your custody in the Tower of London, And 
for soe doing, this shall be a sufficient warrant. 



479 

Dated at the Comittee of Lords and Commons for tlie safety of the 
kingdome this W^ of January 1642. 

Gray of Ware. B. ffEiLDiNo, 
Ph: Stapleton. Gilbt. Gerard. 

Jo: Hampden. 

To the Lieutenant of the Tower 

or to his Depntie or Deputies 
or either of them. 

These are to will and require you forthwith and upon sight 
hereof to take into your safe custody the bodies of William Beale, 
Edward Martin, and Richard Sterne, D'^ in Divinity, who are trans- 
mitted unto you from the Tower where they have been prisoners : 
And them you shall safely keep, untill you shall receive farther 
order therein from this Committee. 

Given at the Committee of the LL'^^ and Commons for the safety 
of the kingdome this 11 of January 1642. 

Gray of Wark. B. ffEiLDiNG. 
Ph: Stapleton. Gilbert Gerard. 
Jo: Hampden. 
To the keeper of the Ld Peters 
House in Aldersgate Street. 

' Upon this order the leiutenant [of the Tower],' says Dr 
Martin, ' in regard we were coinitted by the house of Peeres, 
as hee pretended, refused to deliver us till hee gain'd time to 
goe to the Lo:<'^ house and obtaine [an] order from the Lo:*"' to 
force us to pay him and any other what fees or mony they 
pleased, or to loose the benefit of [the] order.' 

Accordingly next day 12 Jan. the Lords passed the order 
for their removal to the lord Petre's house, there to be safely 
kept until their pleasure be further known, ordering also that 
they should 'upon their removall pay their fees to the Lieu- 
tenant of the Tower of London, and the other officers there, as 
also the severall officers of the Peeres House.' These amounted 
to £80 a head, and they got off cheaply at the Tower, for 
being reputed knights' fellows they were allowed to pay the 
lieutenant 30s. each weekly for leave to provide their own diet, 
for at his table they should have paid £6 a man. 



480 

And so they were transferred to the lord Petre's house, where 
they remained several months, 'and though they often peti- 
tioned to be heard and brought to Judgment, yet they could 
obtaine neither a Tryall, nor enlargement, unlesse to free their 
bodies they should ensnare their souls by loanes of money to be 
imployed against the King, or take impious Oathes or Cove- 
nants ' {Mercurius Busticus, 115). 

It is probable, that it was about this time that Dr Martin 
was examined before the committee concerning plundered minis- 
ters (p. 488), and there acknowledged that he had supplied the 
king with money both as gift and loan. 

On 1 April 1643 the parliament made an ordinance for 
sequestering the private estates of all the clergymen who had 
assisted the king. 

At this time all Dr Martin's property was plundered, and, as 
the plunderers were not particular in inquiring as to the owner- 
ship of what they found in the possession of malignants, the 
college suffered a great loss as well. For in 1630 the society 
compounded with the executors and heirs of Mr Humphrey 
Davis for £250 ' to be acquit for all the landes [at Lemington 
Hastings Warwickshire], which the said Mr Davyes by his last 
will and testament bequeathed to this Colledge.' This was 
paid by instalments between 1635 and 1637, but 'all this 
mony was lost, when Dr Martin was sequestered and undone, 
ita tester Ant. Sparrow' (Old Parchment Reg. fo, 18). 

On 10 Aug. 1643 he wrote the following letter to sir Philip 
Stapleton, the original of which is preserved in the college : 

Noble S', 

I have beene now these twelve-monthes a Prisoner (never 
ha-[ving] once the liberty to stirre out of dores) in w'^h time (after 
the sequestration of all my living and maintenaunce to a farthing: 
and the taking away of all my cattail and goodes to a Bedstaffe) I 
am at length (as I heare) design'd to bee sent a ship-board; w'^h to 
mee can bee no other then Death by another name. 

Wee were (three of us) first coinitted prisoners by the Lo:*^' to 
the Tower, where in nineteene weekes for fees wee paid every one of 
U8 4 score pound a man: scince their Lo:"' and the Close Comittee, 



481 

throiigla youi- gracious and powerfull favour, removed us hither to 
this prison. Let las therefore, I beseech you, through the Continu- 
aunce of the same favour (if it bee possible) bee preserved in the same 
Condition to w^h your goodnes solely preferr'd us, (especially in this 
extremity of want, wherein we have nothing but what our Credit . 
can take up to buy us bread), untill wee may bee able in some time 
to woi-k upon the Compassion of the Lo:**' or Close-Comittee for our 
inlargement'Upon Baile for our Appearauuce whensover their Loi^^ 
shall bee pleased to require it : or upon their Hon:"* nomination of 
any (whom they would accept in exchange for us) by our Frendes 
that are at Liberty to procure oar Ransome in that kiud. 

Nether is it my presumption, upon small notice and noe merit, 
but mine own extremity in an utter destitution of Frendes, and 
generall Fame of your Candor, Equity, and all other eminent virtues 
that hath urg'd to this Addresse. 

Yours In all service. 

Addressed: Edward Martin. 

For my most Noble and Hon:'' 
Frend S"" Philip Stapleton of 
the Hon**'^ House of Comons 

these 

Td 

Dr Martin's seal has been unfortunately torn away from this 
letter. 

'At last after almost a years imprisonment, on Friday the 
11th of August, 1643, by order from the Faction that call 
themselves a Parliament,' the three doctors were removed from 
'Peter-house' 'and all put on Ship-board,' in a small Ipswich 
coal-ship called ' The Prosperous Sarah,' lying before Wapping. 
(The name of this ship according to Mercurius Rusticus (p. 115) 
was ' The Prosperous Sayle ' or ' The Prosperous Sayler.') 

The order was as follows : 

By vertue of an order this day made by the House of Comons, 
these are to will and require you to deliver to those appointed by an 



482 

Ordinance of Parliament for the Militia of London tlie bodies of 
Captaiue John Cooper, D' Beale, D'' Martin, D' Sterne, M'' Robert 
Anderson, Captaine Seager, D"^ Cox, M'' Yicars, M' Yiolet, S'' John 
Goodrick, S'' Thomas Danby, Serjeant Major Hilliard, D'' Marsh, 
Commissary Windham, Captaine Chadwell, S"" Georg Sands', Richard 
Shelly, to be by them delivered to Georg Hawes master of the ship 
called the Prosperous Sarah now riding in the river of Thames to 
be kept in safe custody as Prisoners in the sayd ship by the sayd 
Hawes, untill the pleasure of the House be signifyed to the conti-ary: 
And for this doing this shall be your warrant. Dat. 10 August. 
1643. 

W^ Lenthall, 
To the keeper of the Prison Speaker. 

of Peterhouse in Aldersgate 

Streete, 

Capt. Lee, 

You are hereby required to send a 
convenient guai'd of your men to 
convey the prisoners above named 
as is directed by this warrant. 

R: Man WARING. 

' They went by Coach from A Iders-gate-street to Billinsgate ; 
in the way to the Common Stair, there to take water, one was 
overheard to say these looke like holiest men, and he was not a 
jot mistaken ; however for bearing testimony to the truth, he 
incur'd the censure of a Malignant, and was in danger to be com- 
mitted : but another looking the grave learned Divines in the 
face, reviled them, saying, that thei/ did not looke like Christians: 
and prayed that they might breake their necks as they went 
downe the Stairs to take water. This harsh usage they found 
by land, but yet they found farre worse by water : being come 
on ship-board, they were instantly put under Hatches, where 
the Decks were so low, that they could not stand upright, and 
yet were denyed stooles to sit on, or as much as a burden of 
straw to lye on. Into this Little Ease in a small ship, they 
crowd no lesse than fourescore persons of qualitie, [Dr Sterne 
in a letter of 9 Oct. 1643, Walker, ii. 870, says ' within 
one or two of three score, whereof six knights and eight 
doctors of divinity'] and that they might stifle one another, 



483 

having no more breath then what they sucked from one ano- 
thers mouths, most mahciously, and (certainly) to a murther- 
ous intent, they stop up all the small Auger holes, and all 
other in-lets, which might relieve them with fresh aire : an act 
of such horrid barbarisme, that nor Age, nor Story, nor Kebel- 
lion can parallel' [Mercurius Rusticus, 115, 116) ; and there 'for 
ten dayes together [in the middle of August] they... were kept 
under deck without liberty to come to breath in the common 
aire, or to ease nature, except at the courtesie of che rude 
Saylors, which oftentimes was denyed them' {Querela, 6), and 
for which they had to pay. 

Many of the royalists imprisoned on board the ships in the 
Thames lost their lives, through being kept under decks, where 
they were not suffered to see any friends (Clarendon, vi. 36 ; 
Walker, part ii. 48-49, under Dr Layfield). 

' In [this] condition they were more like Gally-slaves, then 
free-borne Subjects, and men of such quality and condition; 
and had been so indeed, might some have had their wills, who 
were bargaining with the Merchants to sell them to Argiers, or 
as bad a place, as hath been since notoriously knowne upon no 
false or fraudalent information' {Querela, 6). 

In the margin of the Querela Cantabrigiensis Dr Barwick 
mentions 'Alex. Righy the Lawyer! and quotes as an authority 
'the declaration of the parliament at Oxford March 19, 1643' 
(1643-4). This is printed in Rushworth's Historical Collections, 
part iii. vol. 2. pp. 582-96. The passage referred to in the 
Querela is as follows (p. 591-2) : 'Neither can we pass over the 
motion made by Mr Eigby, a member of the house of Commons 
[for Wigan] to transport those Lords and Gentlemen, who were 
prisoner and by them accounted malignants, to be sold as slaves 
to Argiers or sent to the new plantation in the West Indies, 
urged the second time with much earnestness, because the pro- 
poser had contracted with two merchants to that purpose ; the 
which though it took no effect at that time, may awaken those 
who have observed so many things to pass and be ordered, long 
after it had been once or twice desired and rejected.' 

In Dr Barwick's life by his brother Peter Barwick, the 
charge is repeated in these words : 



484 

* . . . Seu potius quod Academicis (ut ipse [C Holdsworth] credi i' 
volebat) a deportatione aut relegatione ad Insulas Americanas aut 
etiam ad Barbaros Turcas metuebat: Hoc enini tunc temporis (viria 
heu quibuset quantis !) Gulielmo Belo, Edwardo Martinio, et RicTiardo 
Sternio, consultissimis Academise Cantabrigiensis Rectoribus, Per- 
duelles intentabant. Hos enim omnes cum multis aliis Theoloo-is 
gravissimis sub navigii tabulatis in fluvio Thamesi captivos dete- 
nebant, squalore, fame et vigiliis propemodum enectos, et per 
iiisulsos nautas indignius habitos, quam qurevis vilissima mancipia, 
imo quam si infamis cujuspiam latrocinii, aut etiam parricidii rei 
tenerentur. Hos venerandos viros tunc temporis Rigbius quidam e 
Senatorculorum Rebellium fsece pro vernis veniim Mercatoribus ex- 
posuit, vendidissetque, si emptorem invenisset.' ( Vita J. Barwick, 8°. | 
Loud. 1721, p. 23.) • 

It is also brought against Rigby by Dugdale, Short View of \ 
the late Troubles in England (fo. Oxf. 1681) p. 577. 'And, did i 
not Mr Righy (a beloved Member) move twice, that those Lords \ 
and Gentlemen which were Prisoners (for no other cause but 
being Malignants as they termed them) should he sold as 
Slaves to Argiere, or sent to the new Plantations in the West- 
Indies, because he had Contracted with two merchants for that 
purpose?' 

In Eoger L'Estrange's Tyranny and Popery lording over the 
consciences, lives, liberties and estates of the King and People 
(4to. London 1678) at p. 81 we find this same charge thus 
brought against Rigby. 'Several Gentlemen of Quality put in 
Ship-board, and half smother'd in the Heat of the Year, where 
they contracted Diseases, and by an Arbitrary Power were to 
have been Transported nobody knew whither. Others were Sold 
for Slaves into Plantations : near 100 Ministers were brought 
out of the West, and Clapp'd up in Lambeth-house, where 
almost all of them were Destroyed by a Pestilential Feaver.' 

Alexander Rigby was born at Preston, and educated for a 
lawyer, but held a colonel's rank in the parliamentary army. 
He was one of thB Committee of sequestrators for Lancashire, 
served at the siege of Latham house, and in 1649 was created 
Baron of the Exchequer, but was superseded by Cromwell. 

Such treatment of elderly men, who had not been addicted 



- 485 

to cropping the ears of obnoxious puritans, might seem incre- 
dible, and a mere fiction of bigoted churchmen, — indeed Calamy 
[Church and Dissenters compared as to Persecution, 8vo. Lond. 
1719, pp. 40, 41) treated the above statement as given by 
Walker, as a fiction, and advised him to expunge the passage 
in any future edition — but the language of one of the bitterest 
enemies of , the malignants renders the barbarous actions above 
related less improbable. 

In a book of John Yicars, entitled Jehovah Jireh or God in 
the Mount, printed in 1644, p. 149, the capture of the Cambridge 
doctors is thus mentioned: 'It pleased the Lord, (who is 
indeed the only God that heares Prayers and gives mercifull 
returnes thereto) that I say, the very next day after the said 
publique humiliation, being Thursday the first of September, 
1642. It pleased the Lord most graciously to give us divers 
sweet and most memorable returnes of our Prayers, as first, that 
on that very Thursday, the Earl of Carliel and one Master 
Russell, two great Malignants against the Cause of God, and his 
Church, who intended to have put the Commission of Array in 
execution at Camhridg, were both of them there apprehended 
without any bloodshed and brought up to London to the Pari. 
Also the very same day in the afternoon, (for the other two 
came into London in the forenoon) a brave and courageous 
Troop of London Dragooners brought to the Pari, that most 
mischievous Yiper of our Church and State too, Mathew Wren, 
Bp. of Elie, as also Dr. Martine, Dr. Beal, and Dr. Stern, three 
very pestilent and bad Birds, of the same Viperous brood, with 
other Prisoners, brought up to the Parliament, who are all, now, 
lockt up in Cages, most fit for such ravenous Vultures, and un- 
clean Birds of prey.' 

John Vicars (b. 1582) was of Queen's college Oxford and one 
of the masters of Christ's hospital. His tirades against the king 
and the Laudian clergy and church-government were scarcely 
more remarkable for their violence than for the very curious 
titles under which some of them were produced. They consist 
of ' Jehovah Jireh, God in the mount, or England's Eemem- 
brance, being the first and second part of a parliamentarie 
chronicle.' 4to. Lond 1644. 'God's. ark overtopping tlie World's 



486 

Waves, or a third part of a parliamentarie chronicle.' 4to. Loud. 
1646. 'The burning bush not consumed, or the fourth and last 
part of the parliamentarie chronicle,' from Aug. 1644 to July 
1646. 4to, Lond. 1646. These were also published in' one 
volume entitled ' Magnalia Dei Anglicana or England's Parlia- 
mentarie Chronicle.' 4to. Lond. 1646. He died 1652. 

Dr Martin and a few other prisoners did not remain long in 
this miserable plight; for on 19 Aug. the following order was 
made : 

By vertue of an order of the house of Comons the 17 present 
to the Militia directed, These are to require you to take into your 
safe Custody, and soe to keepe till further order, the Bodyes of 
D"- Beale, D"^ Martin, D"- Stearne, D' Marsh, M' John Vicars Clz^ 
Tho. ffarnaby Esq., W Layfield, D' Middleton, and D' ffairfax. 

London 19 Aug. 1643. Richard Bateman, 

Tho: Boyly. 
To the keeper of Ely House 
or his deputy. 

Accordingly Dr Martin was removed from the ship, and 
was taken to the bishop of Ely's house in Holborn, where he 
was kept for five years. J 

On 25 Sept. 1643 the university presented a petition to the ■ 
parliament, stating that certain members of the university had 
sent a quantity of plate and money out of certain colleges at 
the king's request, and that, though this was not done to foment 
any war (which was not at that time begun), certain men, upon 
pretence of sortie authority from the parliament, had begun to 
sequester the libraries and other goods of some masters of col- 
leges, and the revenues of their colleges. The university prayed 
that it might be freed from this sequestration, and that the act 
of some particular persons may not redound to the depriving 
of the members of the several colleges of all possibility to con- 
tinue in the university (Cooper, Ann. iii. 359-60). At this 
time, probably, Edward Martin's library was sequestered, as 
of the books which he left to the college, hardly any seem 
to have belonged to him before the troubles. 



487 

About this time he was deprived of all his preferments; the 
time at which he lost his church preferment is not given, but 
the reasons are thus stated in John White's 'First century of 
Scandalous, Malignant priests, Made and admitted into benefices 
by the Prelates, into whose hands the Ordination of ministers 
and government of the church hath been' (London 1643, or- 
dered to be printed 17 Nov. 1643) : 

'85. The benefices of Edtvard Marten, Doctor in Divinity, 
Parson of the Parish Churches of Houghton- Conquest in the 
county of Bedford and of Bunnington [Connington] in the 
county of Cambridge [Huntingdon], are sequestred, for that 
he usually prayed openly for the Saints and people departed 
this life, and that they might he eased and freed of their 
paines in Purgatory, and hath said, that preaching is pro- 
phaned when it is in a dining-roome, or other place, not 
alloived hy the Bishop, and that the Ordinance is p)rophaned 
by the place, and doth not consecrate the place : And that 
having great yearely revenues, did notwithstanding upon the 
Sabbath-day steale wheate-sheaves out of the field in harvest, 
and laid them to his tithe shock, and hath not preached 
since he was Parson of Houghton-Conquest in five yeares, not 
above five Sermons there, and hath substituted there in his ab- 
sence very scandalous and malignant Curates, and was a great 
promoter of the late new Canons, and is most unreasonable in 
adoring of the Altar, making five low cursies in his going to it, 
and two at it, and then falling downe upon his knees before it, 
with his eyes on a crucifix, being in the East window over it. 
And when hee did preach, his Subject was mostly in exalting of 
holy ground, and pressing the practise of the said illegall Inno- 
vations, and he forced divers women that came to be churched 
to come up to the Altar, and there to ducke and kneele unto it, 
and at their comming and going from it, and had made his 
Parishioners, not onely to cringe to the said Table, and come up 
to the Rails, but also to offer money there unto him, holding a 
bason for the same purpose on his knees, commanding them so 
to offer their gifts. And hath openly preached that the Parha- 
ment goeth about in a factious way, to erect a new Religion, 
and hath confessed before the Committee of the House of Cora- 



488 

naons in Parliament concerning plundered Ministers, that hee 
had lent and given money to the King to maintain this unna- 
turall warre against the Parliament and Kingdom' (pp. 41, 42). 

John White, a Bencher of the Middle Temple, probably the 
compiler as well as the publisher of this book and the writer of 
the preface, was member of parliament for Southwark in the 
parliament of Nov. 1640. Clarendon describes him (iii. 56) as 
'a grave lawyer, but notoriously disaffected to the church.' In 
consequence he was made chairman of the grand Committee 
of Religion, consisting of the whole house of commons, ap- 
pointed 6 Nov. 1640, as well as of the sub-committees of 
scandalous ministers and of plundered ministers. He died 
29 Jan. 1644-5, and his committee in those three or- four 
years ejected about 8000 clergymen. He is said to have 
boasted of his activity in this emploj^ment (Pierce, New Dis- 
coverer Discovered, 1659, p. 140). Dr Pierce says also that 
the Century was so scandalous, that White, 'its Author, was 
ashamed to pursue his Thoughts of any other;' and tells 
Baxter, 'that worse men were put into livings than the worst 
that were put out.' Fuller [Church Hist, sub anno 1643, B. xi. 
sect. ix. no. 33) says that, ' when some solicited his Majesty for 
leave to set forth a Book of the vicious lives of some Parliament 
Ministers, his Majesty blasted the designe, partly because re- 
crimination is no purgation, partly lest the Puhlick enemy of the 
Protestant Religion should make an advantage thereof.' 

The committee for plundered ministers appointed as Dr 
Martin's successor at Connington, John Yaxley, who resigned 
the living, and was followed on 11 Aug. 1647 by William 
Whitfield (MS. Baker xxvii. 409). 

At Houghton Conquest, George Bailye was intruded, who 
died 24 Sept. 1654, and was succeeded by John Pointer on the 
presentation of the Protector (Heywood and Wright, Puritan 
Trans, ii. 539). 

In the Register of Connington, we find the following signing 
the pages as curates. John Allington in 1630, Peter Hausted 
in 1632, John Allington in 1635, and William Hausted in 
1689. John Yaxley pastor signs in 1644, and William Whit- 
field pastor in 1648, 1650, and 1652. In 1653 the register 



489 

was put into the hands of a Parish Registrar and no more signa- 
tures occur. W. Whitfield was minister on 1 June 1659. A 
good deal of the register from 1630 till 1635 is in Edward 
Martin's hand. 

John Yaxley was minister of Kirkworth Beauchamp Leices- 
tershire in 1654 (Walker, part ii. p. 269), and afterwards minister 
of Kibworth Leicestershire (Calamy, Ace. 422, Gont. 586). Arti- 
cles were brought in and read against him 12 July 1660 (Kennet, 
Beg. 203), and he was thence removed. He afterwards preached 
near West Smithfield London. 

William Whitfield afterwards conformed and was instituted 
to the rectory of Stratton Northants. 28 Jan. 1660-1, on the 
king's presentation (Kennet, 367). 

John Pointer was canon of Christchurch till 1662 ; he died 
in ] 684 (Wood, Fasti [Bliss, v.] part i. p. 379. Calamy, Ace. 70, 
Cont. 102-4. Kennet, 935). He was succeeded at Houghton 
Conquest by Samuel Fairclough, who was removed in 1662; he 
died in 1691. (Calamy, Ace. 91, Cont 129 ; Kennet, 768-9, 896, 
934.) 

Y ' an Ordinance for regulating the university of Cam- 
bridge and for removing of scandalous ministers in 
the seven associated counties made 22 Jan. 1643-4,' 
the earl of Manchester was empowered to eject all members 
of the colleges, and all ministers and schoolmasters of those 
counties, that were 'scandalous in their lives or ill affected 
to the parliament or fomentors of unnaturall warre,' or that 
should 'wilfully refuse obedience to the ordinances of Par- 
liament,' or that had deserted their ordinary places of resi- 
dence, ' not being employed in the service of the King and 
Parliament,' ' and to place other fitting persons in their room, 
such as should be approved of by the Assembly of Divines 
sitting at Westminster.' 

Accordingly the earl proceeded to Cambridge, and (on 13 
March) ejected Dr Martin with many other masters of colleges. 
The warrants, which were all of the same form, were di- 
rected to the Locum-tenens of the head of the house, who in 
most colleges is styled 'the President.' In that for ejecting 

32 




490 

Dr Martin, the earl forgot that the head of Queens' college 
himself is called ' President,' and so made the Doctor appa- 
rently an active party to his own ejection. It runs as follows : 

By vertiie of an ordinance of Parlyament entitled, An Ordinance 
for regulating the university of Cambridge and for removing of 
scandalous ministers in the seven Associated Counties, giveing mee 
likewise power to eject such Masters of Colledges as are scandalous 
in their lives and Doctrines, or that oppose the proceedings of Parlya- 
ment, I doe eject D'^' Martin Master of Queenes Colledge in Cambridge 
for opposeing the proceedings of Parlyament and other scandalous acts 
in the University of Cambridge. And I require you to seqxiester 
the profits of his Mastership for one that I shall appoint in his 
place, and to cut his name out of the Butteries, and to certifie mee 
of this your act within one day. 

Given under my hand and seal this 13 of March 1643. 

E. Manchester. 
To the President and fellowes of 
Queenes Colledge in Cambridge. 

' The Unwary, if it may not be called Ignorant, manner of 
expressing the Warrant for the Ejecting Dr. Cosin and the other 
Heads now mentioned [Drs Martin, Beale, Sterne and Laney] 
gave occasion to some of those Learned Gentlemen, who Suffered 
under these Invasions, and with Contempt and Indignation, 
(mixed however with some sort of Secret Pleasure) beheld the 
Stupidity of their Persecutors and Successors, to Construe the 
Sense of it, as tho' Opposing had referr'd to other Scandalous 
Acts as well as to the Proceedings of Parliament ; and in deri- 
sion of their Ignorance (which also happily enough express'd 
the True and Eeal causes of their Expulsion) to say they were 
Ejected, as appeared by their own Warrants, for Opposing 
Scandalous Acts in the University.' (Walker, Suff. i. 118, refer- 
ring to the Preface to the Querela Cant). 

In Dr Martin's case there does not appear the slightest 
charge of a scandalous life even in White's Century, for the 
charge of stealing wheat-sheaves on the Sunday must be either 
wholly false, or rest on some misunderstanding. The charge 
of scandalous acts in the university seems to have as little foun- 
dation ; Prynne {Canterhuries Doome, 359) mentions him as one 



491 

of tlie men ' very infamous both for Arminian and Popish Errors,* 
whom Laud had helped to masterships in the university, the 
others being Brookes of Trinity, Beale of St John's, Cosin of 
St Peter's, Lany of Pembroke, Sterne of Jesus ; all these he 
charges with introducing Popish innovations, but against Dr 
Martin no particular crime is charged ; for, while the chapels of 
St John's, King's, Trinity, and Peterhouse and the church of 
St Mary the Great, are described as having been much orna- 
mented with altars, candlesticks, crucifixes and pictures, no- 
thing is said .of Queens' {Cant. Doome, 73, 74). Dr Cosin, 
master of St Peter's college and prebendary of Durham, was 
the chief delinquent : most extraordinary charges of ultra-ritual- 
ism were brought against him, for which he was the first on 
whom the parliament poured forth its wrath. He was deprived of 
all his preferments on 22 Dec. 1640, and ' continually harrassed 
and perplexed with Purse vants. Messengers, Imprisonments, &c. 
till they had quite hunted him out of the kingdom' (Walker, ii. 
59). Though most of the charges were groundless or highly exag- 
gerated, he himself mentions (in a letter dated Durham 4 Aug.) 
that in 1637 a small organ was given to his college 'for the 
scholars private Practice of Singing in the Parlour,' and requests 
Mr Joseph Mede, fellow of Christ's college, to allow his work- 
men to tune it (Peck, Des. Our. xi. 14). 

The spirit, which in 1834 animated R. M. Beverley, LL.B., in 
his letter to the duke of Gloucester, seems to have possessed 
Marchmont Needham, the writer of one of the extreme party 
newspapers of this period. ' The craving of the nation for news 
of the great struggle was supplied by many Mercurius's, Aulicus, 
Eusticus, Pragmaticus, Anti-Pragmaticus, Melancholicus, Anti- 
Melancholicus, Hibernicus, Academicus, Politicus, Militaris, 
Publicus, Eeformatus, Britannicus; of these the latter had a 
standing quarrel with the first, which was edited by John 
Birkenhead, M.A., afterwards Knight and LL.D. (Wood, Ath.). 
Mercurius Britannicus was printed at London by George Bishop 
and Eobert White, and in no. 22, 'from Monday the 5. of 
February to Monday the 12. oi February 1644,' we find (p. 172) 
the following description of Cambridge in answer to some cam- 
plaints of the Mercurius Aulicus : 

32—2 



492 

He tells us of an Ordinance of Parliament, given to the Eaile 
„ ,. f of Manchester, for displacing Masters and Fellows of Col- 

^^^^- ledges in Cambridge, and is it not time ? for the Colledges 

were growne very Abbies, and Priories ; Oh the Pottle pots of Sack 
and Claret: Oh the double luggs of Ale, which have frequented 
those Learned Cloysters ! and iisually the Master, he had a wife, and 
a Daughter or two, and they kept a Monastery, or Nunnery in a 
part of the Colledge, and those were such carnall arguments to the 
young Scotists, and Tliomists; and you will not beleeve how the Pel- 
lowes, and the yong Friers would resort to the Masters lodgings, and 
what logick they would use to pi'ove simple Fornication lawfull, andi 
what divinity they had for illegall Copulations ; Oh ! there was 

Martyn, Master of Queens, one that commenced as high a 
cteroT^' degree in Luxury as any, and Cousens of Peter-house, that 
sters of was made up of oathes and Popery, and Beale of St. Johns,' 

that was all pride, and Prerogative, and Bomhridge [of 
Christ's] and Love of Bennet the two learned Neutralls of Cam- 
hridge, that have been taking a nap, and sleeping at our Distrac-; 
tions; I am amazed at these Learned Things in scarlet, that they 
look not red in the face, as well as the Gowne, thus to withdraw^ 
their hands from a Reformation; were Jewell, and Martyn, and; 
Bucer, and Cranmer alive, they would be ashamed to owne these 
codlings of Cambridge, these medlers of Divinity. 

The descriptions given here and elsewhere by Mercurius 
Britannicus resemble those given of other clergymen by White's 
Century, and, as far as the character of the above masters isi 
concerned, are probably just as truthful. 

However much the clumsy wording of the warrant above 
given might cause derision among the royalists, it was none 
the less efficacious for removing Dr Martin from his mastership, 



Of the three heads of colleges imprisoned at Ely house,; 
Dr Beal got exchanged, and repaired to Oxford, where the 
Court then was; during the time of his being there, he was 
(in 1646) nominated to the deanery of Ely, but, owing to the 
wars, was never admitted. After the king's death, he joined 
Charles II. on the continent and went as chaplain with the 



49a 

•oyalist ambassadors to Spain in 1650, and there he died 
I Oct. 1651. Dr Martin and Dr Sterne were still detained. 

On 27 June 1644, the 16th day of the primate's trial, the 
icensing of the ' Historicall Narration' was brought as a charge 
igainst him. He said in his History, ' If Dr Martin did this, 
tis more than I remember ; nor can I so long after give any 
iccount of it. But Dr Martin is Living and in Town, and I 
lumbly desired he might be called to answer. He was called 
:he next Day, and gave this Account.' The primate possibly 
rintended to write Martin's account on the opposite page, but 
Qothing is recorded of what he said. (Works [Bliss], iv. 290.) 

While imprisoned at Ely-house Dr Martin drew up on 4 July 
1644 a protest against the appointment by the intruded society 
of a proctor for the year 1644-45, it being the turn of Queens' 
college to present (III Lease-book. fo. 121. b.). 

I In Dei Nomine, Amen. Coram vobis Notario Publico, publica- 
qne et autbentica persona, ac testibus fide dignis hie prtesentibus. 
Ego Edvardus Martin, sacroe Theologise professor, preesidens sive 
magister Collegii Eeginalis in Academia Cantabrigiensi omnibus 
melioribus via, modo et juris forma necnon ad omnem quemcunque 
juris effectum exinde quo vis modo sequentem sen sequi valentem 
dice, allege et in bis scriptis injure propono et protestor; Quod cum 
de jure et statutis universitatis Cantabrigiensis de tempore in 
tempus bominum memoriam superans usitatis et observatis, nomi- 
natio et pr^sentatio alicujus personse fide dignse pro exercitio ofiicii 
Procuratoris in dicta universitate pro hoc anno sequente ad Magis- 
trum et socios legitimes ejusdem Collegii spectaverit et pertinuerit, 
et sic spectet et pertineat in prsesenti, Ego prsefatus Edvardus Mar- 
tin incarceratus jam et violenter detentus, animo et intentione Pri- 

1 vilegia, Immunitates, Libertates, Statuta, ac Ordination es ejusdem 
universitatis et Collegii inviolabiliter et inconcusse praeservandi con- 
tra uominationem et prsesentationem, seu jam factam sen in poste- 
rum fiendam ahcujus personse (per prsetensos Magistrum et Socios in 
dictum Collegium jam obtrudentes) in ofiicium Procuratoris universi- 
tatis Cantabrigiensis (in absentia mea Prsesidentis legitimi ejusdem 
Collegii ac contra voluntatem meam) jam nominatse seu in posterum 
nominand£e pro boc anno sequente, ac contra omnia et singula acta 
et gesta exinde sequentia seu sequi valentia ad omnem juris eff"ectum 
protestor, ac nunquam in posterum iisdem aut eorum cuilibet in 



494 

aliquo consentire, sed huic protestationi mese in omnibus et per 
omnia adhserere intendo. Super quibus require vos notarium publicum 
ac testes etc. 

Edvakbus Martin: 



Lecta interposita et su.bscripta fuit hsec protes- 
tatio per prsefatum Edvardu.m Martin sacrse 
Theologiee professorem Quarto die mensis Julii 
An: Dom: 1644 in eedibu.s Dni Epi Elien intra 
parocLiam Sancti Andrese in Holborne London 
notorie sit' et situat' coram me Notario publico 
subscripto ac testibus inferius nominatis, qui 
protestatus est ceteraque fecit et exercuit prout 
in hac schedula continetur super quibus etc. 
prsesentibus tunc et ibidem Gu'?"'. Beale sacrfe 
Theologife professore, Johanne Keeling armigero 



Testibus 
Gulielmo Beale 
TlicliEirdo Marsli 
Johanne Keeling 
Edmundo Bolder o. 



et Edmundo Boldero in artibus magistro testibus 
ad id specialiter requisitis etc. 

Ita testor Gulielmus ffxsH^, 
Notarius publicus. 



In the Old Parchment Register (fo. 24. b.) the appointment 
is thus given : ' M'' Sillesby chosen Proctor for y^ yeere ensuing 
beginning at Michaehiiasse next, by y^ Consent of y^ President 
and maior part of y® fellowes.' 

'A°, 1644-5. Jan. 7. When the sentence of execution was 
passed upon AB^. Laud, he petitioned the Lords, that Dr 
Martyn, Dr Haywood and Dr Sterne might be permitted to 
come to him to comfort him : they [agreed, but the Commons] 
were so cruel and envenomed that a negative was absolutely 
put on the two former, and when they allowed Dr Sterne to go, 
it was under condition, that two of his bitter enemies and their 
tools Stephen Marshall and Herbert Palmer or one of them, 
was to be always with him, when in conference with the 
ABishop, which in effect Avas equal to a refusal. Y. Journals of 
the house of Commons, Yol. 4. p. 12.' (MS. Cole vii. 148 (152). b). 
History of the Troubles and Trial of Archb. Laud in Laud's 
Works [Bliss], iv. 423-4. 



495 

By his will made 13 Jan. 1643-4 the primate left Dr Martyn 
his ' ring with a hyacinth in ifc/ and similar legacies to others, 
that had been his 'chaplains in house' (Laud's Works [Bliss], 
iv. 444). Archbishop Laud was beheaded 10 Jan. 1644-5. 

' During his Imprisonment... he had a Ticket sent to him at 
Ely-House for the 20th Part of his Estate; but the Sum which 
they demanded of him under that Notion, was such an extra va- 
o-ant one, that he desired they would take the Nineteen Parts 
to themselves, and leave him the Twentieth; viz. of that Estate 
which their Demand supposed him to have ' (Walker, part ii, 
p. 155'). 

When Ely house was ' to be dissolved for the receit of 
wounded soldiers, D' Martin was to have gon to y" Marshallsey 
in South wark, but with much adoe (by S'' Phil. Stapleton, who 
was sometimes D'^ Roberts his pupill [in Queens' college], but 
read unto by D'' Martin amongst his pupills), he obtained leave 
to ffoe alonff with D' Stern the 2'^ time to the Lord Petres 
house, where he continued till he got out.' 

Among the papers referring to Edward Martin preserved in 
Queens' college is the following fragment of the draft of a letter 
in his handwriting, but without his signature, to Avhich Richard 
Bryan has added ' To S"" Phil. Stapleton I thinke.' From the 
words ' now almost these five yeeres,' it would appear to have 
been written about July or August 1647. 

I found myselfe soe throiiglily bereft of all comforts in relation 
to w*"!! men may any way desire to live in this world, as bereft of all 
goods, seqnestr'd from all livelyhood, destitute of frend and intlirald 
to most strict imprisonment, having not any leave though my life 
should depend thereon at any time to stire out of doores, for now 
almost these five yeeres shifted from prison to prison ; by land and by 
water, exhausted of all meanes to buy bread, yet findmg a subsistance 

1 In Persecutio Undecima or the Clitirches eleventli Persecution, being a 
Brief of the Fanatical Persecution of the Protestant, clergy of the Church of 
England. [Printed in the year 1648. London (reprinted) 1681, pp. 36, small 
10.] p. 36, it is thus given : ' To Dr. Martin they sent a Ticket in Prison at Ely- 
house, who desired them to take the twentieth part, so that they would promise 
to send him the remaining nineteen parts of that Estate which they supposed 
him to have. ' • . . 



496 

(though a very poore one) by divine Providence and credit w'h some 
frends, soe that in the condition I conceaved myselfe in the terme of all 
humane misery and soe quieted my mind from all feares of any thing 
that I had to fall from in this world and exercis'd myselfe only in 
the intuition of an other. But, noble S"", soe it is that being not 
conscious to myselfe of any injury or damage by mee done to any 
man living, nor being challeng'd by any mans accusation I am 
doom'd (by m'' Knightly his comittee) to bee singled out from all 
men in my case and to be comitted a prisoner to the Marshalsey in 
Southwarke, where I can nether have convenient lodging, aire, wayes 
or oi)portunityes to send to frendes to accomodate mee w*h such 
necessary as may preserve mee from famine, and utter extremity. 

My humble suite to you is only this that, in case I may not 
possibly obtain my [li-]berty (upon baile to appeare upon any terme 
to bee limited by them selves) yet that I may bee carryed to any 
prison where others of my owne ranke and condition are (as the 
Fleete or Peterhouse) and not bee absolutely concluded unhealed and 
(for aught T can heare) unaccused under such an irrevocable sentence 
of a lingring destruction, as that present death were a great deale 
more acceptable; or if this may not bee obtain'd, yet I humbly beseecli 
you (if it bee possible) that by you I may understand from whence 
and how this arrow is shot at mee, that I may attempt (if it bee 
possible) from thence to procure any remedy. 

Pardon S"" this sudden boldnes, w'h your Freedome, goodnes, hon"" 
and Fame in every mouth of men oppress' d extorts from him who 
hath formerly beene and must ever professe himselfe to bee 

Your Impotent Client and Servant but all wayes 
' unfainedly ready to serve you. 

While in custody there, in June 1647, he drew up a mock 
petition to the Lords, ' written in a manly spirit of boldness, and 
displaying the detestable hypocrisy and villany of those times 
and his own sufferings.' This he requested the earl of Man- 
chester to present to the house of Lords in the following letter : 

Pight Hon"^ 

Having had the Fortune to stand in Eelation of a Passive object 
only to your LL.^^^, and never soe much as yet seeing your Hon:'' or 
being (for ought I know) thereby scene, A poore Prisoner in Long and 
strict durance cannot possibly find any better way of addresse, than 



497 

only to beseecli jouv Hon'' for S'' Tho, Hatton's sake, that y' LL.**"" 
would bee pleased to perfect that mediation (wherein though y"" Hon:"" 
did very little, yet your Loi^^^ promis'd very much,) w'^h at S"' Tho. 
his request y'' LL^. was pleas'd to undertake, if it bee but only so 
farre as to accept and preferre this inclosed Petition as it is intended, 
and Inscribed to youi- Hon:''' selfe, and the rest of y"" LL.''^^ Peeres in 
that Hon:'^'® Session from one of the most evident and miserable 
spectacles of your LL.''"' Justice and Greatnes. 

Your Hon:''^ poor Annihilated Nothing 
Anno Incarcerationis quinto Edw. Martin. 

Translationis sextse primo. 
LL.^ Peter shouse, Jim. 10. 
Addressed : 

To the Honourable the Earle 

[of] Manchester present these 

dd. 

The seal of this letter is unfortunately lost. 
This petition was printed the same year under the follow- 
ing title : 

K M. 

A long imprisoned Malignant 

HIS HUMBLE 

SYBMISSION 

TO THE 

Covenant and Directory: 
With some Reasons and Grounds of use to 
settle and satisfie tender Consciences. 

Presented in 
A Petition to the Eight Honoura- 
ble the Lords assembled in Parliament, in 
Wliitsun-ioeek, in the Year, 1647. 



Eurip. 
©€oi et Tt atcr^pov hpwcnv ovk etcri ©eot . 

Printed in the Yeare, 1647. 
It is as follows : 

^ Et diol Ti, dpuffiv alaxpov, ovk eicrlv 6eot. 

(Frag. EuK. Bcllcroph.) 



498 

To the Right Hono-urable the Lords 

assembled in the high Court of Parliament, 

The humble Petition of E. M. Prisoner in the 

Right Honourable the Lord Peters House 

in Aldersgate-street. 
Sheweth, 

That whereas your Lordships humble Petitioner (upon Remon- 
strance of his case, that he hath been these five years Prisoner to this 
Honourable House, in which time having suffered the often Plunder 
of his goods, to the very clothes on his backe, and Sequestration from 
any benefit of livelihood or maintenance, and being unmarried, is 
thereby excluded from plea to so much as any fifth part) did there- 
upon prefer his humble Petition, that, your Lordships would be 
pleased, either to allow him some necessary sustenance out of his 
owne Estate, or such liberty (upon Baile to appeare before this Honour- 
able House upon any terme to be limited by your Lordships) whereby 
he might be enabled to seeke, and find some end of his extreame 
miserie, either by some poore honest life, or death : In answer to 
which Petition, your Lordships were pleased, to returne, that for 
maintenance out of his owne Estate, it was not in your Honourable 
power to allow it ; and for liberty upon Baile, your Lordships were 
ready to grant it, but only upon condition of his taking the Covenant 
before-hand. Hereupon your Lordships humble Petitioner makes 
request, first of all that he may present to your Honourable Remem- 
brance, that there was a Convocation of this Church representative 
summoned, and called by the same Authority, together with this 
present Parliament now sitting, and that the Members of that Con- 
vocation (by the Statute of 8. Hen. 6.) are to enjoy the same immu- 
nities (as touching their Persons and personall Attendants) from 
imprisonment, that any Peeres in the House of Lords, or Members 
■of the House of Commons (for themselves and theirs) doe chal- 
lenge to that effect : May it then please your Loi'dships to give your 
humble Petitioner leave to present to your honourable Notice, that 
himselfe is actually at this time a Member of that Convocation ; 
howsoever he shall not insist any further upon this, then your Lord- 
ships please, but submits both this, and the law, and Statute it selfe 
to your honourable arbitrement and pleasures, how far it is to be 
regarded or superseded; and craves onely leave of your Lordships, 
that he may without ofience exjjresse his sense and minde in certain 
considerations upon the sole condition whereon his liberty and liveli- 
hood at this present depends. 



499 

1. First, he findes tins Covenant (for many intrinsecall in- 
ordinations in the same, which by divers leai*ned men have been 
worthily and weightily pressed, and may further be amplified and 
noted, as your Petitioner is ready to declare, whensoever by your 
Honours he shall be thereunto required) so opposite to his Religion, 
Faith, and all his duties to God and man, that daily he doth humbly 
beseech Almighty God to strengthen him with grace, that he may 
endure and .embrace any extremity of torture or death, rather then in 
any sense of his own or others take, or seeme to have taken that, which 
for ought he can any wayes informe himselfe (and other meanes of 
information in this long and strict durance he can have none) must 
needs run him into a desperate hazzard of all the good he can hope 
for in this or any other world. 

2. Next, he desires to present to your Honourable considera- 
tions, that those Recusants in this Kingdom, who professe themselves 
of the Communion of the Church of Eo7ne, are very seldome (if at 
all) pressed or urged by any House or Committee (to their great 
commendation be it ever mentioned) to that Covenant ; upon suppo- 
sition, that they are so farre honest and true to their owne soules 
and consciences, that they will never sweare that which is incon- 
sistible with their Faith. May it then please your Lordships to con- 
sider, that the Church of England, as it stood established by divine 
and humane Lawes, and still stands (to all those men upon whose 
consciences Laioes have any obligation) wherein your humble Peti- 
tioner was made a Member of Christ, & hath received such sensible 
impressions of Gods grace, as obliges him to perseverance therin 
against all the temptations of the World, the Flesh, or the Devill. 
May it please your Honors to consider, & assuredly to beleve, that 
this our Church of Christ may by Gods Grace breed & nourish men 
every whit as honest and true to their soules and consciences, and as 
constant to their Faith and Principles, as your Lordships conceive 
the Church of Rome doth, (where notwithstanding Dispensations 
and mentall Reservations, we are sxire we may say without ofience 
to any man, are more impetrable and allowable then with us;) 
And therefore may it please your Lordships to vouchsafe, that Chris- 
tian men of this our Church (wherein your very LordshijDS have held 
and professed Communion) may finde so much credit and counte- 
nance from your Honours, as those of the Church of Rome daily 
doe ; and may be thought possibly so farre true and fast to their 
Principles and Faith, that they cannot admit their soules into a 
Sacrament and Covenant, wholly destructive to their Religion, and. 



500 

indeed more individually and immediately penned, meant, and in- 
tended by the Authors of it against their Church, Doctrine and 
Government, then against the Ohurch of Rome; there being no 
mention therein of any singular thing proper to the Church of Rome, 
but either common to us with them, or proper to us alone. 

3. May it likewise please your Honours to consider, that all our 
late Parliaments in England (and, most of all, this wherein your 
Honours are now sitting) have professed alwayes great severity, and 
made strict inquisition against all men that should intend, practise, 
or endeavour by word, or writing, any alteration of Religion, or 
Innovation in Doctrine or "Worship, as a capitall offence : (and indeed 
what phantasie can be more derogatory and contrary to all Christian 
Eeligion, then that men should be of any Religion that in thesa last 
days is to be set up ?) wherefore when your Petitioner daily sees 
and considers men that endeavour, professe, Print, and practise In- 
novations and Alterations in the Church, Doctrine, Worship, and 
Government, in the very Greed, in the 39. Articles of our Confession, 
in all the Ecclesiasticall Canons, Muniments, Ceremonies, Sacra- 
ments, and in the whole substance of Religion, the Publike Service 
of God, and Liturgy of the Church, sealed in the blood of so many 
Martyrs, and setled by the sanction of so many Parliaments : And 
when he sees such men goe about every where, not onely with indem- 
nity, and without question, but also rewarded with Preferments, Im- 
munities, Priviledges, for their Apostacie from that Faith which they 
have so often subscribed, preached, practised, and whereunto before 
God, Angels, and men, they have plighted their troth : When he sees 
againe men constant to their Religion, and to their Foundation, per- 
cuted and brought to nought (himselfe especially) not onely with 
totall and finall Sequestration, but also with a destinie of perpetuall 
Imprisonment, without all necessaries, even to famine, unles he will 
forsweare and renounce that his Religion, to which if he were not 
by his owne inclination, education, breeding (but chiefly by the feare 
of God) obliged, yet the severe proceedings of all Parliaments (this 
especially) against the introducers of Innovations in Religion, were 
sufficient to keep him, and awe him, or any man else to his Rule and 
Conformity : When hee sees such a time of Jubilee and Indulgence 
on the one side, and when hee beholds such a time of hot persecution 
on the other side : he cannot entertaine a more honourable opinion 
of your Lordships, then to conceive, that your Lordships in a zealous 
prudence (as Jehu once served Baals Prophets) have a desire to sift 
and winnow this populous Kingdome, and by such a seeming distri- 



501 

bution of rewards and punishments, do intend only to find out, and 
to root out all tliose worshippers of Baal, those false, hypocriticall, 
adulterate pretenders to a E.eligion, who manifestly give sentence 
upon themselves, that either they have all this while formerly (not- 
withstanding all their' subscriptions, Oathes and professions) lived, 
and gone in a wrong way, or else that they will now swear them- 
selves into a wrong way, for their advantage : Neither can your Peti- 
tioner auy wayes beleeve, that it can possibly be your Lordshij)s will, 
& Honourable pleasure, that either he or any constant Christian 
(who cannot but abhominate such hypocrisie, false dealing, and Mer- 
chandise in Religion) should by perjury seem to be what he is not. 

4. Besides, may it please your Lordships, to give your Peti- 
tioner leave to mention that too, which your Honours know and 
understand best of all ; that there is a great deale of difference be- 
tween Christian and Pagan Allegeance : Pagan Allegeance is a vertue 
actuated out of the habit of prudence and Morall goodnesse, accept- 
able to God, and most commonly rewarded with the temjDorall goods 
only, and benefits of this life, but cannot of itselfe alone pi'eferre a 
man any higher. 

Christian Allegeance is a vertue incorporate in the other good 
workes of a Christian Faith, wrought out of the supei'naturall prin- 
ciples of Gods Grace and Word. A pagan may be loyall to his 
King, because the rule of Prudence and Moral vertue prescribes 
him so to be. A Christian must be loyall to his King above all men, 
because the Word of God (above all rules of Moral prudence) com- 
mands him so to be : And so it comes to passe that Chi-istian Alle- 
geance issuing from the supernaturall powers of Gods Word, Spirit 
and Grace, is an act and work of Faith in Christ, and efl&catious to 
preferre the Subject to a supernaturall happinesse in life eternall. 
Now your Petitioner being obliged by Sacrament no less than 14. 
severall times to this Christian Allegeance and profession of his Kings 
Supremacie over all persons in England whatsoever, or howsoever; 
and having likewise as often declared upon Sacrament of Oath, that 
he doth not beleeve that any Dispensator in the world (no not the 
Pope himself, the greatest pretender that way that he ever yet 
heard of) is able to free, or absolve him from that obligation : Now 
this Covenant quite dissolving that Bond of Christian Allegeance, 
and obliging him cleane contrary wayes, though he will not judge, 
much lesse condemne other men; yet if he should take it, all cir- 
cumstances considered, he could not but judge and condemn him- 
self apostatiz'd from his Christian Allegeance, which is a great part 



502 

of that Christian Faith, in which he hath hitherto lived, and wherin 
he desires God to grant him strength and grace to dye. 

0. Moreover, may it please your Lordships seriously to con- 
sider, how detestable to all posterity the memory of those Gunpowder 
Traytors is, who took the Covenant to extirpate our Religion, root 
and branch, by taking away our King, Queene, Prince, Royall issue, 
Lords, Commons, Arch-Bishops, Bishops, Deanes, Deanes and Chap- 
ters, Arch-Deacons, all the rest of our Ecclesiasticall Hierarchy, and 
all persons in whom our Religion was conserved^ : There was nothing 
in the persons destined to desti'uction, (neither Blood, Nobility, nor 
any other Malignancie) offensive to the Covenanters and Conspirators, 
but the Doctrine, "Worship, and Government of this Church; and 
that only of this Church, not that of Scotland, Geneva, or any to be 
set up, for those were not in any being here at that time, but pro- 
hibited, and prosci-ibed by the same Lawes and penalties, wherby 
that of the Church oi Rome was effined; and our whole Nation by 
a solemn Decree hath, devoted already to God Almightie the pei-- 
petuation of the 5. of Noveviber, throughout all Generations, to an 
Anniversary Thanksgiving for that his preservation of this Doctrine, 
Worship and Government in these blessed persons, witkoiit wliose 
conservation, Posterity had never come to see this light; and in this 
Thanksgiving all men of this Church for these 42 yeares have ingaged 
their Soules to Almighty God, either cordially, or at least hypocriti- 
cally (your humble Petitioner for his part professeth cordially) : with 
what face or heart then can he possibly sweare to the extirpation of 
that Religion, for the preservation whereof before men & Angels, he 
hath so often given God hearty thankes ? 

Or with what devotion can he ever againe upon the 5. of Novem- 
her enter into Gods House, to give God thankes and praise for the 
preservation of that Religion, which God sees him entered into a 
Covenant to extirpate 1 Nay, your humble Petitioner appeales only 
to your Honourable Lordships, whether the blood of our fore-Fathers 
and Ancestors, shed, and ready to be shed in Martyrdome, for the 
Profession and maintenance of this Faith, Worship, and Government 
(and not that of Scotland or Geneva) would not cry to Heaven for 



1 ' That we shall in like manner, without respect of persons, endeavour the 
extirpation of Popery, Prelacy, (that is, Church Government by Archbishops, 
Bishops, their Chancellours and commissaries, Deans, Deans and Chapters, 
Archdeacons, and all Ecclesiasticall Officers depending upon that Hierarchy)...' 
Solemn League and Covenant, 



503 

vengeance against theii' Posteritic, that should now jnstiSe their Per- 
' secntors, and sweare themselves into the Office to extirpate all, 
j without any exception of King, or Parent, if addicted to that Reli- 
• gion, for which they so readily laid down their lives 1 And whether 
the blood of those Gun-powder Conspirators can bee silent against 
j these men that enter into Covenant now adayes to extirj^ate that 
I Religion, for the attempting whereof, the mouthes of the nevf Con- 
federates even to this day give sentence upon those Gunpowder 
Covenanters, that they jvistly deserved those shamefull deaths and 
executions, which by legall judgements came upon them ? Your 
Lordships Petitioner is therefore confident, that in your Honourable 
and Noble Bloods there cannot be any desire, that either he, or any 
true Christian Englishman should give the world an instance of such 
degenerous unworthinesse. 

6. Last of all, seeing that your Lordships humble Petitioner 
after the losse of all in tliis world, at your Honourable pleasure hath 
passed the probation of 5. yeares in 6. Gaoles, by land and by water, 
with plunders, Sequestrations, necessities, want of all meanes and 
support, save (that onely which at this blessed time we solemnly 
celebrate) the mission of God the Comforter into the hearts of faith- 
full Christians; (the publike commemoration of that too by the 
consequence of this Covenant (should your Petitioner take it) he 
miist sweare for ever hereafter to abandon;) and seeing that all these 
Sufferings have not been of force to irapugne the Grace of God, by 
which only (and not by any strength or ability of his OAvn) he pro- 
fesses himselfe to outstand. 

May it therefore lylease your Honours, that this 5. 
yeares j^'i'obation of extremities, may suffice to give your 
Lordships indubitable satisfaction, that your humble 
Petitioner cannot by any meanes of life, or death, bee 
moved to enter into this Covenant; and therefore that 
your Honours would be pleased to thinJce of any other 
course for the exination of your Lordships displeasure 
upon him, rather then to order him to perpetuall impri- 
sonment, even unto death, and that by want and Famine 
too, only for the preservation of that Faith, in which he 
hath with unspeakable comfort engaged his Soule to 
Almighty God. 

And Your Petitioner shall pray, &c. 



504 

Soon after this the following order was made: 

3 July 1647. 

At tlie CoiSittee of the House of Comons 

for Prisoners. 

It is ordered that D" Martin and D' Sterne do hring to this 

Com.*'^^ sitting in y^ Queenes Court Westm'', on Munday come se-night 

(being y® 12^^ day of July instant) their Baile and y* y^ keeper of 

Peterhouse do come along w*h them accordingly. 

E,i. Knightley. 
To the Keeper of 
Peter-house. 

' D' Stern went out upon Baile : D" Martin continued in still, 
untill at last, by the help of M"' Welden^ a sequestered Parson 
in Leicestershire, he escaped out, about August 1648. After this 
he got to M'' Henry Cookes at Thorington in Suffolk [a younger 
son of sir Edward Coke, who had been fellow-commoner of the 
college, being admitted 1607] w*h whom he lived in a disguise 
under the name of M"" Matthewes till the year 1650. Then 
being taken by some soldiers from Yarmouth, he was carryed up 
to London, and by Bradshaw (president of the councell of state) 
comitted, May 23. prisoner to the gate-house^ Whence after 
a while, upon some meanes made to Colonel Walton (one of the 
foresaid Councel) in Bradshaws absence, he was released, and 
acquitted from his breakeing prison etc. Then returning into 
Suffolke, he continued there under his own name and habit, till 
his goeing beyond sea: where he lived (for the most part w'h 
the Id Hatton in Paris,) for 7 or 8 yeers before the kings 

restoracon. 

R. Beyan.' 

During his abode on the continent he 'neither joyned with 
the Calvinists, nor kept any Communion with the Papists : but , 

I 

1 Eobert Weldon (of Christ Church Oxford, M.A, 1615) was rector of Stony 
Stanton Leic. Being much persecuted, he was compelled to leave England, 
and died abroad before the Eestoration (Walker, part ii. p. 400). 

2 Eichard Drake, fellow of Pembroke hall and rector of Eadwinter Essex, 
writes thus in his Autobiography (MS. Baker xxxvi. 195) : ' Mail 24 (1650), 
Eeverendus Amicus meus Edvardus Martinus S-T-D*"., CoUegii Eeginalis apud 
Cantabrigienses legitimus Prsefectus, Domui de Porta Westm™ dictffi damnatur.' 



505 

confined himself to a Congregation of old English and Primitive 
Protestants : where by his regular Life and good Doctrine, he 
reduced some Recusants to, and confirmed more doubters in 
the Protestant Religion, so defeating the jealousies of his foes, 
and exceeding the expectation of his friends,' And notwith- 
standing the reproach of popery and other accusations cast upon 
the regular clergy and on this worthy Doctor in particular by 
Prynne, he" was offered (as I have heard)' says Lloyd (p. 463), 
' honorable accommodations by some in the Church of Rome, 
but he accepted them not, because he said, He had rather he a 
poor Son of the afflicted, but Primitive church of England, than 
a Rich Memher of the flourishing, hut corrupt Church of Rome.' 
Lloyd's account of Dr Martin's conduct while in France, 
as to his unshaken fidelity to the English Church, (though his 
words are borrowed from Fuller's description of Dr Cosin, Church 
History, B. xi. sect. iii. n°. 38), is fully confirmed by his own 
letters, and the following curious document. In the college 
library (N. 1. 31.) is an interleaved copy of the Prayer-book 
(fo. London, Barker, 1634) originally belonging to Richard 
Bryan and bequeathed to the college in 1722 by Ralph Perkins 
canon of Ely. It contains a leaf of paper fastened in before 
the title-page, with a form of prayer to be used on 30 Jan. 
1658. It is in Dr Martin's handwriting, and has the appear- 
ance of being his composition, as for the collect for the day he 
had first written, ' Almighty God and heavenly Father, w^h of thy 
everlasting providence and tender mercy to...' the beginning of 
one of the prayers in the service for 5 November, and afterwards 
passed his pen through these words, and wrote over them the 
first words of the prayer for the sovereign in the daily service. 

In Die Inaugui'ationis. 

Veuite, Exultemus. 

Pri. 20. 21. 85. 118. 

Lectio l™^ 1 Josiiah. vel 2 Chron. Cap. i. Lectio 2''^ Cap. 13 [Rom.] 

Reliqua sequuntur ut in matutiuis usqiie ad finem Orationis Dncre 

inclusive. Post quam. 

Versic. O Lord save the King. Re?i), Who pntteth his trust 
in thee. 



506 

Yers. Send him help from tliy holy place. Eesp. And ever- 
more mightily defend him. 

Yers. Let his enemyes have no Advantage against him. Resp. Let 
not the wicked approach to hurt him. 

[Yers.] Lidue thy Ministers wth righteousness, &c. 

The first Collect for the Day, O Lord our heavenly father, high 
and mighty, &c. 

Second Collect for peace. 3 for peace. 

Then the Letany usq. ad finem. Infirmitates nostras qusesumuS 
Dne. Porro ut sequitur. 

Almighty God our Heavenly Fa. by whom Kiugs do raigne an| 
Princes are set up to rule thy peo}tle, W^h hast in thy m''cy, powi 
and providence even in a time of dismall horror and most fearful 
expectation, defended, and pi-eserv'd under the shadow of thy wings 
in the rightfull succession of his kingdomes thy Servant o' Sover. 
L**. K. Ch. the 2^ these 9 yeeres, and thereby in the midst of y sor- 
rowes y* otherwise oppresse us dost refresh, and Comfort our soules 
by so lively a pledge in y person of o'' soveraigne of the returne of our 
Captivity, and Maintenance of thy Gospell, and Catholique and 
Apostolique Keligion amongst us. Wee praise and magnify thy 
Name for this thy great and marveylous mercy, and providence. 
And wee do here before Angells, men, and y whole world, offer, 
vow, and devote our selves, soules, bodyes, and fortunes to thy divine, 
and Heavenly Ma'i^ in all Duty of thankfullnes, to beare all true, 
and loyall Obedience, fidelity, and service to this thy Serv*. o' most 
rightfully Sovera., thus graciously and miraculously preserv'd, and 
sustain'd against all power of darknes by thy imediate had of oiiipo- 
t^nce manifested to us and all the world, and especially to his Ma"^ in 
thy wonderfull and manyfold mercyes, and not in those utmost dread- 
full judgments w^h our sinnes, our foi'efathers, and our whole ISTation 
have deserved. Wherefore we most humbly Beseech thee of thine 
infinite goodnes, and fatherly m''cy thus alwayes to B?f protect, and 
direct his Ma"^ by thy Grace, and heavenly favour against all his 
enemyes, and their associates, that hee may allwayes prayse, and 
magnify thy Great, and holy Name : serve, obey and please thee in 
all acceptable feare, faith and godlines : vanquish and overcome all 
thine, and his enemyes in the strength of thy salvation : gov erne 
thy people in peace and rigliteousnes : and finally after a long and 
prosperous raigne on earth obtaine that everlasting Croune in Heaven, 
through thy Son o' L. G. and Saviour J. C. Amen. 



507 

Collecta pro Regina et Prosapia. Pro Ecclesia Anglicana. Pre- 
catiuncula Chrysostomi. Benedictio. 

In Synaxi niliil variatur tantu pro Collecta Diei ante Epist. et 
Evangelium substituenda est Collecta Dnicse exfcrempe post Trinitatis. 

Epistola. 1 Petri. 2. 11. eadem cum Epistola Dnicfe 3"" post Pasclia. 

Evangelium. Math. 22. 16. And they sent unto liim, &c. Idem cum 
Evangelio Dnicse 23 post Trinitatis. 

Dr Martin's address at Paris was ' Fauxbourg S' Germain 
Rue S' Dominique, vis-a-yis la rue de Bellechasse.' In the old 
maps there is a large house marked at this place : this was 
jorobably the residence of lord Hatton. 

Of his own sufferings from the time of his imprisonment in 
the Tower till the last days of his exile, he writes thus to Mr 
Richard Watson on 5 April 1660 N. S. (Dr Martin's Five 
Letters, p. 51-2.) : 

But in satisfaction to your very necessary Interrogatories: I 
can answer but for one, who having been habituated these eighteen 
years, to nothing but Prisons, Ships, wandrings, and solitude, hath 
alwaies been very well satisfied with one Meal a day, and at night 
a Crust of Bread, and a Cup of any Drink. That I most desire every- 
where is Cider, or, in defect of that, Water (if it bee anything neer 
so good as here at Paris) for I drunk no Wine for tliii'teen years 
together, before I came out of Etigland. 

At some period he seems to have paid his respects to his 
exiled sovereign, the place where Charles II. then resided is 
however not intelligibly given in the following extract {Five 
Letters, p. 66) : 

Good Sir, remembei- my best Respects to Mr G. and let him 
know I am very sorry he should have occasion to desire anything 
of mee, wherein I am so unable to satisfie him. For I never was 
at St Colomb (above a quarter of an hour, to discharge my bounden 
Duty and Homage to our Hctcred Sovereign) and that not in the time 
of any Sermon or Prayers. 



33—2 



1 




508 

HE president's care for the decent worship of God in 
the college chapel and for the promotion of obedience 
in all members of the house to the laws of the church, 

may be seen from the college regulations made during his 

mastership. 

In Nomine Dei. Amen. 
Jan. 20, 1631. 
Unanimi consensu Prsesidentis et Sociorum sancitum est, Quod 
ilia sumraa, quse anteliac (a presidente, sociis, Bibliotistis, Scliolaribus, 
et aliis quibuscunque in hoc Oollegio sub habitu scliolastico degenti- 
bus) taxata fuit singulis anni quartis in stipendium subpromi, dehinc 
cedat in usum sacelli, unde Cerarise, Lucernse et alia ad solemniorem 
divinorum oflSciorum celebrationem comparentur ; Donee Divina 
Gratia aliquem pium nobis in hunc finem Benefactorem excitaverit, 
aut Collegium aliquo modo ditavcrit, quo possit suos alumnos lioc 
onere liberare. Januarii die 20""' Anno Dni (juxta computum 
Ecclesise Angiicanse) 1631. 

EnoARDus Martin. 
(Old Parchm. Reg. 128. b.) 

On 22 March 1631-2, king Charles the first and his queen 
came from Newmarket to Cambridge and went thence to 
E-oyston that night, after visiting Trinity college and King's 
college. On the occasion of the royal visit two comedies in 
English were prepared, ' The Rival Friends,' by Peter Hausted 
of Queens', the president's curate at Uppingham, and 'The 
Jealous Lovers,' by Thomas Randolph of. Trinity. Before the 
arrival of the king and queen ' there seems to have been a 
controversy among the heads, as to which should have the 
precedency.' 'Chiefly, it would appear, through the influence 
of the Vicechancellor, Dr Butts, Hausted's play was acted 
first,' by Hausted himself and other Queens' men, Hausted 
undertaking two parts; but the subject was a 'satire against 
simony and other scandals of ecclesiastical patronage,' and the 
play was, as has happened to greater writers, an unmistakeable 
failure. When he printed it in 1633 he speaks (on the title- 
page and in the preface) of its having been 'cried down by 
boys, faction, envy and confident ignorance,' and speaks also 
' of the black-mouthed calumny, base aspersions and unchris- 



509 

tian like slanders' which had been directed against it. To 
make Hausted's failure the more annoying, Randolph's comedy- 
seems to have been very successful. (Masson, Milton) 

A copy of the play with the names of the actors, formerly 
belonging to Thomas Alston (admitted pensioner of Queens' 
college 7 Nov. 1626), is preserved at the British museum (644. 
b. 45). 

The parts of this comedy were taken by the different mem- 
bers of the college, fellows and scholars, masters, bachelors and 
undergraduates. Among the latter, performing the part of 
' Placenta [Stipes'] wife, a midwife,' we find ' Piercen.' This 
was John Pearson of Norfolk, admitted sizar 10 June 1681 
under Mr Ward as tutor, afterwards the celebrated bishop of 
Chester. He was son of Robert Pearson, archdeacon of Suffolk 
and rector of Snoring, a former fellow of Queens' college. After 
his admission we find in Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 17, that on ' 20 
Jan. 1631' 'concessum est Joanni Person [D™. Mountaine] fan- 
dationis alimonio frui,' and at fo. 129 on 7 Sept. 1632 an ' Al- 
lowaunce of halfe a yeere graunted to Person for the time hee 
was scholler of this house.' On 28 March 1632 he was admitted 
scholar of King's, and on 28 March 1635, fellow. 

Dr Butts ' was a man of great kindred and alliance, in 
Norfolk and Suffolk, with the best of the gentry ; was rich 
both in money and inheritance ; had a parsonage in Essex, 

and this Mastership He seemed to have had an 

high esteem of his merit in government the last two years; and, 
because the King and Court gave him thanks and countenanced 
him in regard of his diligence in the plague-time, he (according 
to that " Quce expectamus facile credimus") began to hope for 
great matters. To consummate these he desired to be Vice- 
Chancellor the third time, because of the King's coming. He 
hath been observed somewhat to droop upon occasion of miss- 
ing a prebend of Westminster, which he would have had (as 
he said) and the Mastership of Trinity \ But his vexation began 
when the King's coming approached, and Dr Comber and he 
fell foul of each other about the precedency of Queens' and 
Trinity comedy — he engaging himself for the former. But the 

1 Dr Comber was appointed 1631. 



510 

killing blow was a dislike of that comedy and a check of the 
Chancellor [Lord Holland], who is said to have told him that 
the King and himself had more confidence in his discretion 
than they found cause, in that he thought such a comedy 
fitting &c. In the nick of this came on the protestation of 
some of both Houses against his admission of the Doctors, and 
bitter expostulation, and the staying of the distribution for the 
Doctors' month's continuance, and denying their testimony 
of the degree, and all because he would not be content to 
admit some known to deserve well, but, by slanderous insti- 
gation, ill. He said then, " Regis est mandare et in mandatis 
dare; nostrum est ohsequi et obedire." But it came from him 
guttatim, and so as made them wonder, who read not the 
cause in his countenance.' (Letter in State Paper Office 
quoted by Masson, Life of Milton, 222, 228.) 

The excitement was too much for the vicechancellor's mind, 
and it gave way, and he hanged himself in his bed-room. 

The public disputations of the fellows were according to 
the university statutes held on Fridays in full term. It was 
decreed on 3 Dec. 1632 that the fellowship suppers, which used to 
be held on the day of the disputations, should be transferred to 
some other day that was not a fast day, and a fine of 205. to 
the use of the library was imposed on every fellow who should 
transgress this regulation. 

Decretum est unanimi consensu Prsesidentis et soeiorura, ne quis 
sacris ordinibns initiatiis a Collegio hoc nostro admittatur ad peten- 
dum aliquem gradum in Academia, nisi qui prius in Capella Col- 
legii fecerit rem divinam juxta formam Ecclesise Anglicanse, quo 
nobis aliquateuus constet de ejus obedientia et observantia rituum 
et Canonum Anglicorum sub poena quadraginta solidorum communi 
cistse applicandorum ex stipendio illius socii, qui in hac re delin- 
quentis petition! subscripserit. Apr. 6. 1633. 

Edoaedus Martin. 
(Old Parchm. Keg. 129. b.) 

On 2 Aug. 1632 the college made an order to contribute 
£83. 135, M. towards the reparation of St Paul's cathedral (Old 
Parch. Reg. fo. 128. b), a work begun by James I., continued 



511 

by Charles I., and in which bishop Laud was very zealous, 
'not only procuring the bounty of others, but expending his 
own estate thereon.' (Fuller, Wo7^thies, (Tegg), ii. 335 ; Dug- 
dale, St Paul's, 157-160.) 

In 163... Peter Hausted's Latin play of 'Senile Odium' 
was performed at Queens' by the students of that house. It 
was printed at Cambridge in 1633, and, among the commend- 
atory Latin verses prefixed to it, are some iambics by Edward 
King, fellow of Christ's. 

In R. Crashaw's poems we find one thus headed : ' Upon 
the death of a Gentleman.' It begins 'Fatherless and fond 
mortality !' In a copy of this in the Bodleian Library is ap- 
pended to the title 'i.e. M"". Chambers fellovr of Queens' college, 
Cambridge.' This was Michael Chambers, B.A. 1628-29, M.A. 
1632, who became fellow in 1630 and dying, was buried 16 
Feb. 1633-4 in the chapel of the college (St Botolph's Begiste?-). 

In 1634 Peter Hausted preached before the university, and 
in his sermon used lansruage, which gave sTeat offence to some, 
as may be seen from the following letter (dated 4 Nov. 1634) of 
Dr Martin to William Bray chaplain to archbishop Laud : it is 
among the Tanner MSS. in the Bodleian library (no.lo8,fo.ll6). 

Most worthy S"", 

When I came home last Saterday night I founde all men euen in 
prayers time at a Congregation in the Regent House, and when they 
came home they told mee that the Yice-Ch'. had acted a kind of So- 
phister's speach against them who would not suffer their i~unityes 
and Charters to bee maintain'd against the craft and malice of whora- 
soeuer. And that hee & Bambridge had gotten a most absurd letter 
drawen w* was read to the whole University and should have beene 
sent under their seal to my Lo*^^ Grace had not Mr Smith of St John's 
stopp'd it who was one of the Caput Senatus in Honywood's absence ; 
the Yice-Ch^ was soe impetuous and fonde of this project that] being 
admonished by divers that the time was past for any busines in a 
Congregation (for all Colledge bells had rung to prayers) hee sent 
notw^standing up and downe the towue for Siddall (who had served 
his turne a little before in an other busines of faction and was newly 
gone home) and held the University in the meane time till prayex'S 



512 

were done, & was faiae in conclusion (when y' Siddall could not bee 
found nor they any longer see) to dismisse the company re infectd. 
Would you thinke it? Siddall, a man who in pretence of infirmity 
hath not beene at Church these 5 yeares, in strength of a Faction 
should bee brought to a contentious Congregition. 

But next day here preached by chaunce at St Maryes my Curate 
at Uppingham, Mr Hausted. His sermon I have sent you up as hee 
preached it, upon his oath, wh. I would entreat you to read carefully. 
I suppose you may find some indiscretions of expression such as may 
deserve reprehension, advice, councell, but none that can deserue 
punishment. Yet because hee preached for reverence, alacrity, purity 
and order in God's service, for adoration in Churches, and bowing at 
the B*^ name, for the surplis and other Ceremonyes, and for that hee 
preached that himselfe had scene very graue men in that place neglect 
their dutyes and heard many in the Country excuse their profane [con- 
duct] upon the practise of graue men in the University : Because in one 
place he told them that the Dutch, who are noted to bee naturally slo- 1 
uenly, doe scofie and gibe at all other nations for two (sic) much nicety : 
Upon this hee was taken imediately from the pulpit, arrested and 
comitted in the Church, drawne through the street from the pulpit 
to the Consistory w'h the greatest uproare and concourse of people 
that ever I saw at any arraignment, and thus a Court call'd, the 
tribunal set. Hausted, arraign'd and sentenced by Loue, Ward, 
Bambridge, Bachcroft and Sancroft, only uj)on these two points, for 
taxing the University and abusing nations, namely, the Dutch. In 
conclusion too, the Vice-Ch''. there by his owne authority suspended 
him, and all to foile the matter of the sermon wh. the people, the 
Vice-Chaun"". as hee went to the Consistory stucke not to perstringe 
his Ma*'''', declaration (I hope if it be lawfuU to daunce it is lawfull to 
doe this act upon this daye, etc.). Hee might have appointed him a 
day indeed to have brought in a copy of his sermon. But to call a 
court to sit pro tribunali to exact and take an oath to suspend (w** 
Academicall suspension) to cause an uproare of at least 500 people all 
the afternoone in the streets & that before evening prayer ; which I 
finde not only to bee forbidden but greivously censurable by Civill 
Canon & Comon law. As particularly (w^ I would desire you to 
peruse) Lib. 3, Codicis tit. 12. cap. ult. de feriis j & Decretal, lib. 2, 
tit. 9, cap. 0ms. dies dominicos, et cap. Conquestus est nobis. The 
next day after hee had laid downe his office, I was soe bold to tell him 
thus much : Now that you have slept upon the busines I pray con- 



51.3 

sider what you have done througli ignorance, pride and factions zeal e, 
that wh. was never heard of in University, Church, Kingdome or 
X""". world for a preist to be hal'd from the pulpit through the street 
to the consistory, and the Court call'd and set upon the Sunday be- 
fore Euening prayer w*hout any cause of heresy, treyson or haynous 
crime pretended. Seai"ch all the booke of Martyrs, & if Papists or 
; any Religion or Westminster Hall can [give] you a precedent I will 
incurre yoiir- danger. Assure yourselfe wee live in siich a state as 
will bee sensible (though in a poore Curat's behalfe) of that done by 
a principall oiScer of an University, w'^h may make them scandalous 
over all Christendome. But Loosers I hope may leave to speake. 
Hee is my Curate in a regular market towne, and nether his poverty 
nor meritts will suffer mee to put him out, and yet by this meanes 
hee is made unusefull for the cure, for whensoever he shall hereafter 
in that pari-sh eyther publiquely or privately speak for any Church 
order, he shall be twitted that what hee speakes is but that hee was 
haled through the streetes for at Cambridge. I am most sorry that 
hee hath any reference to mee. 

Dr Beal is chosen Vicechan^ this morning &, admitted, the Prouost 
conti'ary to all expectation came back from Ely before hee intended, 
was discreet, valiant and deserved all incouragement. I would you 
could take occasion to take any notice of it. Por Dr Cumber, hee 
contrary to promise and reason shewed himselfe very stiffe in the 
faction, even to the 3**. and last scrutiny. But I am sorry I am 
forced to bee thus tedious. I pray as socne as you can Pemember mee 
to the Deane of Windsoi'e, & lend him a sight of this sei-mon w'h the 
sume of this newes. I cannot write to every man I would, and there- 
fore w*. my best loue the like I desire to be done to Mr Sam. Baker, 
Yours in his best Respect and Service, 

Edward Martin. 
Quee. ColL Cambr. Mv. 4, 1634. 

To my most respected and" assured 
Frende Mr William Bray, Chap- 
laine in ordinary attendaunce to 
my Lo'^^ Grace of Canterbury at 
Lambeth these dd. 

In 1635 and 1636 the archbishop attempted to visit the 
university as metropolitan in those matters which were eccle- 
siastical and properly belonged to his metropolitical juris- 



514 



[ 



diction. On 12 May 1685 he communicated his intention to 
the vicechancellor Dr William Beale, and many letters passed 
between the authorities of the university and the primate. 
The matter was at last submitted to the king in council and 
given in favour of the archbishop on 21 June 1636. Letters 
patent passed the Broad Seal 30 Jan. 1636-7 declaring his 
right to visit the universities, agreeably to the decision of the 
king in council, but the archbishop did not proceed any further 
with the visitation. 

On 28 July 1635 the vicechancellor and some of the heads 
wrote to the chancellor the earl of Holland acquainting him 
with the archbishop's claim. This was signed by Dr Martin. 
Most of the other letters from the university have in their 
extant form no signatures. The letter to the archbishop 
19 Dec. 1635, wherein the heads state that they conceive the 
university 'to be exempt from the metropolitical jurisdiction 
and visitation of the see of Canterbury' was signed by all the , 
heads except Dr Beale, Dr Sterne, and Dr Martin. 1 

(Laud's Works [Bhss], v. 555-82. Heywood and Wright, 
Puritan transactions, ii. 407-27. Dr H. Smith's letter books. 
Patrick Papers [in Univ. Lib.] 23. 22.) 

The visitation (as above stated) never took place, but in 
anticipation of it a paper was sent (22 Sept.) by Dr Cosin 
master of Peterhouse to the primate, containing the 'Common 
disorders in the University,' violations of the statutes of the 
university and of the canons and rubrics of the church. With 
reference to Queens' college, we find the following: 'In the 
other colleges St Johns, Queens, Peterhouse, Pembroke and 
Jesus, they endeavor for order, and have brought it to some 
good passe. Yet here for Apparel and fasting night Suppers 
are they faultie still, which with any other thing amisse will 
be willingly represented' (MS. Baker vi. 152. Cooper, Ann. iii. 
275, 279, 283). 

Edward Lapworth the first Sedleian professor of Natural 
Philosophy at Oxford in 1618 was admitted pensioner of 
Queens' college 19 June 1589. He migrated to Corpus Christi 
college in the following year, was B.A. 1591-2, M.A. 1595, 



515 

M.D. 1611. He was also a physician at Bath, where he died 
24 May 1636. (Masters' G. C. G. G. 831, Wood, Ath. and Fasti.) 

Jan. 24, 1636. William Gimber chosen Second Cooke of this 
CoUedge by the consent of the M"" and Fellowes for soe long time as 
bee shall keepe bimselfe unmarried and behave himselfe justly and 
orderly, and alsoe upon Condition that hee put in a bond of ^0^' as 
well for the safe custody of all Colledge goodes w^h shall be comitted 
to his trust as alsoe that hee signify to the M'' for the time being 
whensoever hee purposeth to enter into the state of wedlocke a full 
month before he bee to marry, that the Colledge may provide them- 
selves of another Coque m his place and then give him out his bonde. 

(Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 19.) 

On 25 June 1637 Sylvester Adams M.A. fellow of Peter- 
house, preached before the university on confession and remis- 
sion of sins from St John xx. 23, 'Whosesoever sins ye remit etc' 
and laid down the doctrine that confession of sins to a priest 
Avas necessary to salvation, not only necessitate pr(Bcepti but also 
necessitate medii. Drs Love, Ward and Holdsworth and the 
vicechancellor Dr Brownrigg took exception against this ser- 
mon as scandalous and popish, and Adams was cited before the 
vicechancellor, who required him to sign a very moderate re- 
cantation. This he refused to do, alleging that he had said 
nothing in his sermon that he believed to be contrary to the 
doctrine of the church of England ; and Dr Martin and some 
other High Church heads of houses supported him herein. After 
many meetings of the heads, it was resolved 2 March 1637-8 
•by a small majority, that Adams should recant, but no further 
proceedings took place (Cooper, Ann. iii. 287; MS. Baker vi. 199 ; 
Ward, Gresham professors, 5S; Prynne, Caiit. Doome, 192, 193; 
Sequel to Frend's Trial, 64, 138; Collier, Eccles. HistMii. 120fF.). 
On 5 Dec. 1637 the old communion plate, 2 flagons, 2 
patens and 2 chalices, weighing 152 oz. 19 dwts., was sent up to 
London to be exchanged for new. The value of the old plate 
was £38. 4s. 9d., that of the new (weighiog 172 oz. 15 dwts.) 
£58. lis. 2d. All the chapel plate was marked 'Deo et Sacris 
Regin: Cant:' (Library Ace. 183.) 

On 6 Feb. 1637-8 the play of Valetudinarium was acted in 



516 

the college. There are copies of this play in the libraries of 
St John's college and the university. The author is given as 
'M"^ Johnson.' In archbishop Sancroft's copy in Emmanuel 
college (MS. 1. 2. 82) he is further described ('secunda manu') 
as William Johnson ' Coll. Regin. Soc' : this latter addition ig 
an error. He was admitted pensioner in 1627, was B.A. 
1630-1 and M.A. 1634, and became ultimately canon of St 
Paul's. He died in 1667. 

On 1 May 1640 Thomas Fairfax first baron Fairfax of Came- 
ron in the peerage of Scotland died, aged 79. He was admitted 
fellow-commoner of Queens' college 14 Feb. 1576-7. He was 
knighted by the earl of Essex in camp before Rouen 1591, was 
employed as a diplomatist to Scotland by queen Elizabeth, and 
was created to the peerage by James I. in 1627. His grandson 
who was of St John's college, was the celebrated parliamentary 
general. 

On 20 Apr. 1641 Dr John Davenant, bishop of Salisbury 
and late president of Queens' college, died. 

In Aug. 1641 the members of the several colleges were 
assessed to the poll-tax. In the whole university, not counting 
the servants on the foundation, were 2091 persons, of whom 124 
belonged to Queens'. St John's, which contained the largest 
number of students, had only 280 (Cooper, Ann. iii. 315). 

The number of resident members decreased very rapidly be- 
tween 1636 and 1642. Dr Hacket mentioned in his speech before 
parliament on behalf of the deans and chapters 12May 1641, that 
in the previous year very few young students had been admitted 
into the university (Fuller, Ch. Hist, sub anno 1641, no. 61). In 
the years from 1630 to 1639 the average number of admissions 
was 26. In 1639-40 only 12 were admitted. In 1640-41 the 
number rose to 20, but in the three years ] 641-42, 1642-4.3, 
1643-44 (June 8) only about 16 altogether were admitted. 



|N 29 April 1640 the house of commons began to stir 
about the alterations which had been made in churches 
and in the college chapels, the putting the Holy Table 
at the east and close to the wall, etc. The movement thus 




517 

■begun was not likely to be allayed by the new canons, which 
the convocation passed after the dissolution of the parliament. 

The new parliament was called in Nov. 1640 and the com- 
mons continued to agitate the question. On 20 Jan. 1640-1 it 
was resolved that subscription to the xxxvi"' canon by young 
students (ordered in 1616) should not be pressed, as contrary to 
the Law and the Liberty of the subject; and on 9 April 1641 
this order against Subscription was extended to all graduates 
and students whatsoever. 

The committee for the universities brought in a bill ' for the 
better regulating of the universities/ which was read a first time 
3 Aug. On 9 Sept. the commons made an order that the col- 
leges should remove the communion tables from the east end of 
their chapels, take away the rails and level the chancels ; they 
were also to take away all crucifixes, scandalous pictures of any 
of the Persons of the Holy Trinity or of the virgin Mary, to 
remove all basins and candlesticks from the communion table, 
and desist from all bowing at the name of Jesus, or towards the 
east, or towards the communion table. 

The Loyalist party was strong enough in Cambridge to be 
able to disregard the orders of the commons, and the next few 
months passed quietly by for the university: however the 
seizure of the five members 4 Jan. 1641-2 rendered a civil war 
inevitable, and involved the university and its colleges in ter- 
rible disasters. 

In the sketch of Edward Martin's life given above it was 
seen, that on the king's raising his standard at Nottingham 
a large quantity of plate was sent to him by the colleges, to 
enable him to make a resistance to the parliamentary party. 

The list of the plate and sums of money thus sent is still 
preserved in the college : 

QUEENES COLLEDGE, CAMBR, 

Aug, 3, 1642. 

The Colledge plate in these dread full times of Imminent 

Danger for the Security thereof deposited w"" the Kings most 

excellent Ma'^ (and delivered by his Ma"*'' Speciall direction 

unto John Foley Esquire and Servaunt in ordinary attendaunce 



518 

to our gracious Prince Charles) upon his Ma""' letters to that 
purpose and Royall promise of Restitution either in kind or fuU. 
value according to the quality of the plate. By the unanimous 
Act and consent of Master and Fellowes. 



Gilt Plate. 

D" Perne's bowle w*^ a 'cover . 

Bishop Jegon's bowle w* a cover 

Lo*^ Charles Stanhope's bowl w* a cover 

Si Deus nobiscu bowl with a cover [take a back Aug. 9 

1642] 

M"" Edward Hastings bowl with a cover . 

M' William Carre's bowl with a cover 

The Erie of Lincoln's bowl with a cover . 

Lo*^ S' Johns's bowl with a cover 

S"" Francis and S' George Fane's bowl with a cover 

The Erie of Huntingdon's bowl with a cover 

Lo*^ Posse's bowl with a cover 

M'" Whaley's bowl with a cover 

Sir Thomas Mildemay's ISTut bowl with a cover 

Anthony Brabazon's Bowl with a cover 

M' Deane Tyadall's Tankard 

A Pillar Salt . 

Walter Paramore's Bowl . 

Stephen Paramore's Bowl 

Edward Pell's Bowl . 

Sume of this page in Ounces 



Qrs.. 

of qrs. 

Oz. of oz. 

43 6i 


30 


11 


25 


1 


29 


12 


30 


14 


32 


6 


109 





56 


3 


43 


6 


29 


12 


27 


11 i 


36 


2 


15 


14 


9 


7 


16 





15 





16 


14 


13 





10 


13 



591 4 



Received these seuerall parcels to the use of his M'^, August 3, 

1642, by mee 

John Foley. 



Plate Whyte, 

M' Thomas Standish his Bowl . 

M" John Killingv/orth his Bason 

John Manners' Coll. Pott 

John Prescot's Coll. Pott , . . 

Coll. Begin. Joh. Mansell Frees. 1625, Coll. Pot 

Coll. Begin. Joh. Mansell Pr^s. 1625, Coll. Pott 

Coll. Begin. Joh. Mansell Pr^s. 1625, Coll. Pot 



12 


2 


50 


4 


21 


10 


18 





14 


6 


14 


3 



14 10 



519 



Coll. Eegin. Job. Mansell Pr?es. 1625, Coll. Pot V' one eare 
Bp Moiintaine's Poculu Chai'itatis 
Charles Hale's Coll. Pott .... 

James Nessmitli's Colledge Pott 
Edward and Antlio. Scuds their Colledg Pott 
Thomas Morgan's Coll. Potii . 

Jo. Rudston, Tho. Homden [Holmeden], The. "Wood Silver 
Flagon ...... 

Thomas John and William Cromwell's Flagon 
Jo. Gore's Tankard ..... 

Robert Bodenham's Tankard 

Wingfield Bodenham's Tankard 

Robert Stapleton's Tankard 

M^ Arthur Capell's Tankard . 

Charles Cotterell's Tankard 

Eleazar Dunoon's Tankard 

Thomas Fairfax' Tankard 

Georg Turpin's Tankard . . . 

M^ Clark's Tankard w"' a Bore's head 

Caj)taine Richard Nevile's Tankard . 

Charles Roscarrock's Tankard ... 

M"' Richard Worceley's Tankard 

M^ Henry Beck's Tankard ... 

M'' Edward Lennard's Tankard 

Chi-istopher Button's Tankard . 

Nicholas Spencer's Tankard 

John Caborne's Tankard .... 

The Sume of this Pas'e in Ounces 



Qrs. 

of qrs. 
Oz. ofoz. 


15 


11 


37 





17 


3 


17 


6 


17 


15 


17 


11 


37 





41 


10 


18 


7 


18 


1 


19 


4 


16 


7 


13 


11 


19 


6 


17 


10 


18 





16 


12 


14 


10 


18 


7 


16 


12 


18 


12 


16 


10 


15 


8 


17 


10 


14 


5 


17 


6 



654 15 



Received these particulars to the use of his M'^ Aug. 3, 1642, by mee 

John Foley. 

"Whyte Plate. 
Bp Chadei'ton's bowl and cover 
Matthew Babington's Tankard 
Denner Strutt's Tankard 
Charles Hoskin's Tankard 
Christopher Yelverton's Tankard 
Robert Wildegos's Tankard 
Henry Ewer's Tankard . 



28 


3 


13 


14 


18 


11 


16 


9 


17 


3 


13 





13 


14 



520 

Roger Fildinsr's Beaker 

Jo. Wade's Beaker 

Richard Rede's Beaker 

Tho, Bendish's Beaker 

Peter Barne's Beaker 

Jo. Baldwin's Beaker 

Coll. Begin. Jo. Mansell Pr^s. 1625, 

Matthew Welbore's Beaker 

Edward Russell's Beaker . 

Herbert Randulph's Beaker 

Charles Manners' Old ^alt. 

An Old Salt, Ymphry Tyndall 

Two little broken wine bowles Coll. Regin 



A beaker 



Cant. 



Oz. 


Qrs. 

rfqrs. 
ofoz. 


11 


13 


13 


7 


12 


2 


12 


3 


12 


11 


12 


4 


10 





10 


3 


11 


13 


12 





7 


15 


10 


1 



10 


15 


268 
654 


13 
15 


923 


12 



The Sume of this Page in Ounces 
The Suiiie of the Former Page 

The whole Sume of the Whyte Plate 



Received these particulars to the use of his M''' August 3, 1642, 
by niee 

John Poley. 

In Witnes of our Delivery of all this aforesaid plate to the use 

above mentioned wee have set to our hands, August 3, 1642. 

Edward Martin, President. Daniel Wicherley. 

Robert Ward. Anthony Sparrow. 

Gamaliel Capell. Richard Br^'an. 

Will™ Cox. Ambrose Appleby. 

Daniel Chaiindler. William Wells. 

Thomas Marley. Edward Natlev. 

July 2". 1642. 

Received the day and yeare above written of Edward" 
Martin, D"^ in Divinity, Master of Queen's Colledge in 
the University of Cambr. the summe of one hundred 
eighty five pounds, viz. one hundred for himself and 
foure score and five pounds for the fellows of the said CLXXX 
Colledge, w''*' money is lent unto the King according to f Yli. 
the intendment and direction of his M'''^^ letters of the 
29 of June last to the Yicechancell'' of the said Uni- 
versity. I say, R** by mee, 

John Poley. 



521 



Lent by the severall fellowes of this foresaid sume, viz. 
ByM'Coldham .... 20 



M' Sparrow . 
M' Hills 
D"^ Capell . 
M^ Marley . 
M-- Cox 
M' Wells . 
W Wicherley 
M' Bryan . 
M"" JSTatley . 



10 
10 
10 

5 

5 

5 

5 
10 

5' 



The result at Queens' of this step was the imprisonment of 
the president, 30 Aug. 1642, whose last official act was to take 
part in an election of fellows on 29 Aug. 

The petition of the three colleges for the release of their 
masters (Dec. 1642) was of no avail, and Dr Martin was kept iu 
prison; and from this time till 11 April 1644 the college was 
without a head. But he was not to be the only sufferer : and 
during the 18 months which elapsed before he was ejected from 
the mastership, the events at Cambridge were very momentous. 

The order for freeing students and other graduates at the 
taking their degrees from the subscriptions imposed upon them 
was renewed by the commons 12 Jan. 1642-3 and confirmed by 
the Lords on the 16th. On 17 February the wearing of sur- 
plices according to the statutes of the university was declared 
to be against Law and the Liberty of the subject, and therefore 
not to be imposed upon any student or graduate whatsoever. 

On 27 Feb. leave of absence was granted to all the fellows 
of Queens' till Midsummer. This was renewed from quarter to 
quarter till 16 Jan. 1643-4 when it was extended to Michaelmas 
1644. (Old Parchm. Reg. 131. b.) 

In VI Journale the accounts for the year Mich. 1641-42 are 
not made up ; the monthly accounts are regularly kept, but the 
names of the fellows, lecturers, bible-clerks and scholars have 

^ This list is also printed, with notes, by C. H. Cooper, esq. F.S.A. in Anti- 
qtiarian Communieations of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society, i. 241 — 252. 

34 



522 1 

no stipend set opposite them, the quarters' and year's expenses ' 
are not added up, and the accounts are not audited. 

The accounts of the year 1642-43 are still more imperfect. 
Besides the bare names of the fellows and other members of 
the foundation, we have the monthly accounts only for October, 
November and December, The bursar, Heigham Hills, probably 
took the book away with him after the audit in Jan. 1642-3. 

I 
In Feb. 1642-3 lord Capel designed to recover Cambridg(F!| 

for the king, and Cromwell raised 80000 men in the associated ! 
counties to defend the town : but, lord Capel abandoning his 
purpose, all these troops were disbanded except a thousand who 
remained as a garrison. The large number of parliamentary 
troops then present in Cambridge acted 'under feelings of power- 
ful excitement' like soldiers in a fortress taken by storm, rather 
than as English men in an English town. Acts of violence to 
the person of the obnoxious malignants and wholesale plunder 
and robbery of their money, goods, and books were practised, 
college groves were cut down and the chapels devastated without 
let or hindrance, along with the childish burning of religious 
prints. At last the earl of Holland the chancellor represented 
the lamentable condition of the university to the House of 
Lords and procured from it (4 March) ' a Protection to prevent 
them from being plundered and spoiled,' and soon after the 
earl of Essex forbad all such conduct on the part of his soldiers. 
From this time, for about a year, until the puritan party 
got the complete mastery, the state of the university was very 
deplorable. The colleges were turned into prisons for the 
royalists (Baker, St Johns, ed. by J. E. B. Mayor, 634), or into 
barracks for the parliamentary soldiers. King's college chapel 
being converted into an exercising ground for the latter ; the 
bridges belonging to the colleges and the 'small bridges' near 
to Queens' college were pulled down; the vice-chancellor Dr 
Holdsworth was seized by order of parliament in May 1643, 
for licensing the reprinting at the university press of the 
king's declaration printed at York, and kept first at Ely house 
and afterwards in the Tower during four years ; heads of 
houses were imprisoned, and fellows and students frightened 



523 

away ; the solemnities of the public commencement and of the 
beginning of the university terms were dispensed with from 
lack of visitors and fear of danger, and the town was garrisoned 
with troopers, who were quite ready for any act of violence 
and spoliation against the hated Prelatists. 

'A document in the State Paper Office opens a window 
through which one can plainly see how sequestrations went on 
at Cambridge. Houses were rifled, and goods seized. The 
books of Dr Cosin, Master of Peter House and Dean of Dur- 
ham, were valued at £247. IO5., and must have formed a good 
library for those days. The furniture of Dr Laney, Master of 
Pembroke, is all inventoried, down to "blankets," "leather 
chairs," and "fire irons." The books of Mr Heath, of Barnet 
Collee-e, are valued at £14 ; and Mr Couldham's, of Queen's, at 
£10. Horses and furniture are mentioned, and articles are 
described as taken away in carts under the care of soldiers. 
Zealous partisans received rewards for information relative to 
concealed property. An infamous soldier was paid for divulging 
the secret where books belonging to his brother might be found.' 
(Stoughton, Ecol. hist, of England [1640-58], i. 493.) 

A royalist song of Francis Quarles well enough describes 
the doings and feelings of the parliamentary party in Cam- 
bridge, if the Querela be not a tissue of falsehoods : 

We'll break the windows, which the whore 

Of Babylon hath painted, 
And when the Popish saints are down 

Then Barrow shall be sainted. 
There's neither cross nor crucifix 

Shall stand for men to see. 
Rome's trash and trumpery shall go down, 

And hey, then up go we. 
Whate'er the Popish hands have built 

Our hammers shall undo, 
We'll break their pipes and burn their copes, 

And pull down churches too; 
We'll exercise within the groves 

And teach beneath a tree, 

We'll make a pulpit of a cask, 

And hey, then up go we. 

04 — 2 



524 

We'Jl pull down Universities 

Wliere learning is profest, 
Because they practice and maintain 

The language of the beast; 
We'll drive the Doctors out of doors, 

And all that learned be, 
We'll cry all arts and learning down, 

And hey, then up go we, 

(Chappell, Popular Music, ii. 492). 

On Good Friday, 80 March 1643, the vicechancellor and 
such heads of houses as were not in prison, met together to 
consider the demand that had been made by the parhament 
for a loan of £6000 : but they declared that it was ' against 
true religion and good conscience for any to contribute to the 
parliament in this way.' Failing thus to obtain money from 
the university in a fair and voluntary way, lord Grey of Warke 
and col. Oliver Cromwell 'took by violence from the bursars 
of divers colleges such monies as already were brought in unto 
them, and from the tenants of such colleges which dwelt near 
at hand such monies as they had in readiness to pay their 
rents' [Querela Cantahr. Cooper, Ann. iii. 342). 

On 1 April 1643 the two members for Cambridge, Oliver 
Cromwell and John Lowry, the mayor and several members 
of the corporation, were by an ordinance of parliament appointed 
a committee for the town and university for sequesteiing the 
estates of delinquent royalists. The colleges, that had assisted 
Charles I. with money or plate, had their estates accordingly 
sequestered. But the earl of Manchester having represented (27 
Nov.) that this proceeding by depriving the members on the 
foundation of their incomes, was likely to breed a great distrac- 
tion in the university, the parliament made a declaration (6 Jan. 
1643-4) that the estates of the colleges were not sequesterable 
for any delinquency, of the members, but that the rents were to 
be regularly paid to the treasurer or bursar, if approved of by 
the earl of Manchester, or (upon the delinquency of the regular 
officer) to some other fellow or scholar to be by him appointed. 
The incomes from college-sources of the delinquent members 
were to be paid over to the committee for sequestrations sitting 



525 

at Cambridge or otherwise, as the earl should order (Cooper, 
Ann. iii. 842, 363, 367). 

On 28 Aug. 1643 an ordinance of both houses of parliament 
was made directing that in all churches and chapels all altars 
and tables of stone should be taken away and demolished. 
The communion tables were to be removed from the east end of 
the chancel, the rails taken away, all tapers, candlesticks and 
basins to be removed from the communion table and disused, 
all crucifixes, crosses, all images and pictures of any one or more 
Persons of the Trinity or of the Yirgin Mary, all other images and 
pictures of saints or superstitious inscriptions in churches and 
chapels were ordered to be taken away and defaced. This 
ordinance was to be executed in the universities by the several 
heads of the colleges, but as the societies were naturally not very 
anxious to deface what had never, since the reformation, been 
other than ornaments, a more diligent agent was commissioned 
by the earl of Manchester to do it for them. 

William Dowsing the son of Wolfram and Joan Dowsing of 
Laxfield Suffolk (baptized 2 May 1596) was by the earl of 
Manchester appointed visitor of the churches in Suffolk and the 
other associated counties to abolish all the remains of popish 
superstition in them, as is mentioned in a later hand in the 
parish register of Laxfield itself. He kept a register of his 
devastations, of which part, relating to Cambridge, is printed in 
Cooper, Ann. iii. 364-7, from MS. Baker xxxviii. 435, while part 
relating to Suffolk was printed Woodbridge, 1786, and again 
London (J. W. Parker) 1844. The British Museum copy of the 
latter (4715), which belonged to D. E. Davy esq., contains a 
copy of the earl of Manchester's commission for the defacing 
of the churches. 

Whereas by the Ordinance of the Lords and Comons assembled 
in Parliament, bearinge date the 28th day of August last, it is amongst 
other thinges ordained, that all crucifixes, crosses, and all Images of 
any one or more persons of the Trinity, or of the Yirgin Marye and 
all other Images and pictures of saints and superstitious inscriptions, 
in or upon all and every the said Churches or Chappeles or other places 
of publique prayer, Churchyards or other places to any the said 
Churches or Chappels or other place of publique prayer belonginge, or 



526 

in any other open place, shalbe before November last be taken away 
and defaced, as by the said ordinance more at large appeareth. And 
whereas many such crosses, crucifixes, and other superstitious Images 
and pictures are still continu.ed within the Associated Counties, in 
manifest contempt of the said Ordinance, These are therefore to will 
and require you forthwith to make your repaier to the several Asso- 
ciated Counties, and put the said Ordinance in execution in every 
particular, hereby requiring all Mayors, Sheriffs, Bailiffs, Constables, 
headboroughs and all other his Ma*'®^ officers and loveinge subjects 
to be ayding and assisting unto you. Whereof they may not fail at 
their perill. 

Given under my hand and seale this 19*'' day of December 1643. 

Maitchester. 
To William Doiosinge gent. 

and to such as hee shall - 

appoint 

No time was lost, for in Dr Wortliington's diary (Heywood 
and Wright, Transactions, ii. 566) we find the following 
entry : 

'Dec. 20, 1643. This week pictures began to be taken down by 
an order from the Earle of Manchester.' 

He began at Peterhouse on 21 Dec. and did his work most 
thoroughly, as his diary shews. He visited Queens' college 
26 Dec. 1643, and his journal gives the following account of 
his doings there : 

'At Queens College Becemh. 26. 
We beat down a 110 superstitious pictui-es besides Cherubimsand 
Ingravings, where none of the fellows would put on their Hatts in all 
the time they were in the Chapell, and we digged up the Steps for 
three hours and brake down 10 or 12 Apostles and Saints within the 
hall.' 

The hall he probably considered subject to his reformation 
as belonging to the class ' any open place.' The ' ingravings * 
probably included some of the brasses on the slabs in the floor. 
(Cooper, Ann. iii. 364, 365.) 

By an ordinance of 22 Jan. 1643-4 already referred to, for 
regulating the university of Cambridge and removing 'scan- 
dalous' ministers in the seven associated counties, all members 



( 



527 

of the colleges of the university and all the parochial clergy- 
were handed over for examination to the committees nomi- 
nated by the earl of Manchester, who, after hearing the com- 
plaints against them, had power to eject them from their places. 
The ordinance also gave the earl power to enforce the Solemn 
National League and Covenant on all such persons. • 

On 5 Feb. the parliament recommended the earl to take 
especial care that the covenant be teadered and taken in the 
university. Accordingly, accompanied by Mr Ash and Mr Good 
his chaplains, the earl went to Cambridge to execute the com- 
mands of the parliament ; and on 24 Feb, he sent orders to the 
colleges to forward him their statutes and the names of all the 
members of their societies, specifying who were resident and 
who were absent. On the 26th he required the heads of houses 
to order all their members to be in residence on 10 March next, 
and on 11 March he demanded the names of all members of the 
colleges, who had left or who had returned to Cambridge 
since 24 Feb. 

On the same day he sent a warrant to Mr Coldham, fellow 
of Queens' college, who had preached at Great St Mary's church 
on the 10 th, to send him notes of his prayer and sermon. 
(Cooper, Aim. iii. 371. MS. Baker xxvii. 459.) 

On 13 March 1643-4 Dr Martin, having been imprisoned 
since Aug. 1642, was ejected from the mastership, without any 
one being substituted for him for nearly a month. 

No fellow-commoner was admitted at Queens' college after 
11th April 1642. Three pensioners were admitted in Sep- 
tember 1643 under Mr Sparrow and Mr Wells, and one sizar in 
October 1643 under Mr Natley. 

The last college order was passed 16 Jan. 1643-4. 




HE following miscellaneous items from the bursars' 
books belong to this presidentship : 



VI Journale. 1633-34. fo. 55. [Oct.] For wine on the Du: of 
York's byrthday 0. 1. 6. 

fo. 55. b, [Jan.] For 26 elm trees for the island, 12** a 
tree 1. 6. 0. 



528 

For 2 trees more for the island 0. 2. 0. 

1634-35. fo. 60. b. [March] To M' Scot for 3 tables of the uni! 
versity by bill 2. 0. 0. 

fo. 61. [June] To M' Farloe for apricock trees and car- 
riage 0.13.0. 

To the Porter for ivie in the parlour 0.0.6. 

1636-37. fo. 71. b. [March] To the Oyster cryer 2^ qu: 0. 0. 6. 

fo. 72. [Apr. 8] To the Glazier for taking downe and setting up 
the glasse for Good Friday 0. 1. 6; 

1638-39. fo. 82. b. [Nov. 4] To the 2 Boothes for watching one 
night in the chambers where the fire was 0. 1, 0. 

[Nov. 10] To Will: Booth for mending the hearth of the chim- 
ney over the Essex chamber 0.0.6. 

The Essex chamber was the room which is now the master's 
study (Library account and inventory of furniture, MS.). 

1639-40. fo. 88. b. [Dec] Money layd out for linnen in the 
Hall, besides 17° w"'' was set on heades for cutting those new 
table cloathes 5. 19. 4. 

1640-41. fo. 93. b. [Nov.] To my Ld of Straffords Trom- 
petters 0. 4. 0. 

fo. 98. [July] To the Prince his trompetters at the commence- 
ment 0. 9. 0. 

1641-42. fo. 101. [Nov.] For a boonefire at y° K^* returne out 
of Scotland 0. 3. 4. 

fo. 103. [July] To M"- HiUs and M'' Wells for their jour- 
iiey. 7. 13. 4. 





13 March, 1643-4—11 AprU, 1644. 
19—20 Car. I 

ORD Manchester had summoned all the fellows of 
colleges to be resident on 10 March. On 3 April 
he issued warrants to all or most of the colleges, 
requiring particular fellows to appear personally 
before the commissioners, (whom he had appointed to transact 
the business committed to his care by the ordinance regulating 
the university), on Friday, 5 April 1644, at the "White Bear 
Inn, opposite Trinity college, or else (unless sufficient reason 
for their absence were given) he should proceed to eject them. 
Accordingly about 60 fellows of colleges were, on 8 April, 
ejected for non-appearance. At Queens' Antony Sparrow, 
Samuel Rogers, Richard Bryan and Heigham Hills were 
ejected from their fellowships for non-residence and not re- 
turning to college on the earl's summons. 
The warrant was as follows : 

Whereas by an Ordinance of Parliament entituled an Ordinance 
for regulateing the Univei-sity of Cambridge &c., power is given to mee 
to eiect such fellowes of CoUedges as are scandalous in their lives and 
doctrines, or such as have forsaken their ordinary places of residence 
within the said university, or that doe or have opposed the proceedings 
of Parliament, by virtue of which authority I doe hereby eject Mr 
Sparrow, Mr Bryan, Mr Rogers and Mr Hills from being fellows of 
Queenes CoUedge within the said university of Cambridge, for not be- 
coming resident in the said Colledge and not returning to the places 
of their usuall residence there upon due summons given to that pur- 
pose, and for severall other misdemeanours comitted by them, which 
parties are hereby required, upon their returne to Cambridge whenso- 



530 

ever, not to continue in the said university above the space of three 
days, upon pain of imprisonment and sequestration of their goods. 
And I do hereby require you to sequester and collect all and singular 
such proffits as belong to their severall fellowships or other places, to 
be disposed of to such persons as I shall appoint in their roomes and 
further to cut their names out of the butteries and to certify mee 
within one day after the receipt hereof what you have done herein. 

Given under my hand and scale the eight day of April 1644. 

E. Manchester. 
To the fellows of Queens Colledge 

in Cambridge and to every 

of them. 

The next day, 9 April, Ambrose Appleby, John Coldham, 
Edward Natley, and Edward Kemp were ejected 'for refusing 
to ta,ke the Solemn League and Covenant for reformation and 
defence of religion, the honour and happinesse of the king and 
the peace and safety of the Three Kingdoms of England, Scot- 
land and Ireland, and for other misdemeanours committed by 
them.' The warrant for their ejection is directed to the Pre- 
sident and fellows, though no president was as yet appointed. 

'As soon as the Covenant was adopted (Sept. 1643) it was 
used as an instrument of ejection. Gibson and Ward were 
summoned before the visitors at Cambridge ; the covenant was 
tendered and refused, and they demanded to know, if the 
committee had any crimes to allege against them, since some 
were said to be ejected for immoralities. The committee re- 
plied that these were words of course, put into all their orders 
of ejection' (Walker, Sufferings). 

The following letter sent by the earl of Manchester to some 
of the colleges, does not seem to have been sent to Queens' 
(MS. Baker xxvii. 463) : 

Whereas by vertue of an Ordinance of Parliament, entituled, 
An Ordinance for regulating the university of Cambridge &c, I have 
ejected Fellowes of y"" Colledge, These are to give you no- 
tice, that my purpose is forthwith to supply the vacant Pellowships : 
and if there be any of y"" Colledge, who in regard of Degrees, Learning 
and Pietie shall be found fitt for such Preferment, they shall be 
preferred before any others. And therefore I desire you upon the 



531 

receipt hereof, to send me the names of such Schollei's in yoiir Col- 
ledge, whome you judge most capable of Fellowships, that they may 
be examined and made Fellowes, if upon Examination, they shall be 
approved. Given under my hand this tenth day of Ajjril 1644. 

E. Manchester. 

The commissioners under the earl of Manchester sat at the 
Black Bear Inn, ' in a yard which communicates with Sidney 
Street and with Market Street, nearly opposite to the entrance 
into the church of the Holy Trinity. The large room which 
about sixty years ago was divided into three, is in an upper 
story, looking into the inner yard through three bow-windows, 
connected by a long series of narrow lights : the two fireplaces 
with their carved oak mantlepieces and the oak wainscoating 
remain, Oct. 4, 1839.' Cambridge Portfolio, 389. 





mMh ^tvhtvt ^almm 

11 April, 1644-... Sept. 1647. 
20—23 Car. I. 

|FTER the college had been for eighteen months 
deprived of the presence of the president, and about 
one month after Dr Martin's ejection, viz. on 11 April 
1644, the masters of colleges who were to succeed 
the ejected ones began to be appointed by the earl of Man- 
chester : among the first appointments was that of Herbert 
Palmer, the intended successor of Edward Martin. 

An account of his life is to be found in: Samuel Clarke, The 
Lives of Thirty-Two English Divines. The Third Edition, 
fo. London, 1677. pp. 183-201. 

He was the son of sir Thomas Palmer of Wingham near 
Canterbury (descended from an ancient family of that name, 
with many connexions among the nobility and gentry), and 
Margaret eldest daughter of Herbert Pelham of Crawley Sussex, 
fellow-commoner of Queens' college, being matriculated Nov. 
1562. 

He was born at Wingham, and baptized there 29 March 
1601. He had 'a polite education' in the house of his father, 
who spared no pains in developing his natural talents, and very 
early shewed the fruits of a religious mother's care. He learned 
the French language almost as soon as he could speak, and 
became so complete a master of it, that he could preach in it, 
as well as in English. 

In 1615 in his fourteenth year, he was admitted fellow- 
commoner of St John's college, where he graduated B.A. 
1618-9 and M.A. 1622. (According to Mr Gorham, in his col- 
lections in the copy of the Statutes of Queens' college now in 



533 

ord Spencer's library at Althorp, he was 'denied his degree 
k St John's on account of personal deformity.') From thence 
le migrated to Queens' 16 Dec. 1622 as a fellow-commoner, 
, tutore prsesidente.' Here he was chosen fellow 17 June 1623 
In consequence of a royal mandate from James I. for that pur- 
pose, and was admitted the same day. The form of election 
was still used in those cases, though there was in reality no 
choice, as the mandate was thought to oblige the body to 
elect the person recomm^ended. Edward Martin was one of 
those who refused to obey the mandate and who instead voted 
for Warner Marshall. 

j (Warner Marshall of the county of Cambridge was admitted 
^pensioner of Queens' college on 6 July 1614, under Mr Betton; 
he was scholar of the college and B.A. 1617-8, M.A. 1621.) 

'Although he were a Gentleman, that beside his Fellowship, 

had an estate of his own and so had the lesse need in point of 

; maintenance, to take the trouble of Pupils upon him, yet (not 

i satisfying himself, to take a place upon him, without performing 

the Office thereunto belonging) he took many Pupils, of whom 

he was more than ordinarily carefull, being very diligent both 

in praying with them in his Chamber, and instructing them in 

the grounds of Religion ; as also keeping them to their studies, 

and the performance of disputations, and other exercises of 

learning, privately in his Chamber, beside the more publique 

I exercises required of them by the Colledge, to the great benefit 

' of those that were his pupils' (Clarke, Life, 185). The college 

register however, which mentions the tutors of the students, 

gives him only 4 in the year 1623-24 and as many in the year 

1624-25, all but two being of the county of Kent. 

While fellow of the college he afforded assistance to many 
foreign protestants, Hungarians, Transylvanians, but especially 
to students from the Rhenish Palatinate, whom the wars in Ger- 
many had driven from their universities. 

In 1624 he was 'ordained to the work of the Ministry, 

whereunto from a child he had addicted himself (Clarke), 

the divinity fellows being required by the statutes to enter into 

holy orders ' infra duos annos postquam in artibus rexerint.' 

In 1624-25 he was Prelector Setoni, in 1625-26 deputy 



584 

for the Prselector grsecus, an office which he filled in 1626-27, 
probably by deputy, as he had leave of absence for one year i 
in Nov. 1626. 

In 1626^ being on a visit to his brother, sir Thomas Palmer, 
at Wingham, he preached in. Canterbury at the cathedral and 
also at St George's church. His hearers were so much pleased 
with him, that after his return to Cambridge they begged of j 
him to return and ' undertake to preach a Lecture among them.* \ 
Accordingly 'after mature deliberation,' he accepted the invi^' 
tation, and a licence being obtained from Dr Abbot archbishop ' 
of Canterbury he preached a weekly Lecture on the Lord's day 
in the afternoon at St Alphege's church, till it was put down j 
with the rest of the afternoon sermons by the king's instructions 1 
to the primate of 30 Dec. 1629, when they were turned into \ 
catechizings. 

' Letters testimoniall with the college seale granted to Mr Palmer 
4 Sept. 1626' (Old. Parch. Reg. 15). 

He had leave of absence for one year from Nov. 1628. | 

His behaviour at Canterbury did not accord with the views 
of the king and bishop Laud, as we see from the following 
report of the commissioners of 18 Feb. 1629-30 in Prynne, Cant.- 
Doome (1646), pp. 372-3 : 

'Accordingly the Commissioners [the dean and archdeacon 
of Canterbury] sent for Mr Palmer a lecturer in Saint Alphage 
Canterbury on Sunday in the afternoone, who first denyed to 
shew any Licence ; Secondly, certified that he had no Licence to 
preach there. Thirdly, against the Ministers will he read Prayers 
and catechized, but not according to Canon. Fourthly, in that 
catechizing he undertook to declare the Kings minde in his In- 
structions. Fiftly, he hath never heretofore read Prayers or used 
the Surplisse in that Parish. Sixthly, the Incumbent, a man. 
licensed by three Archbishops, petitioned that he might per- 
forme his own ministeriall duties in his own Parish. Seventhly, 
Mr Palmer preached a factious Sermon in the Cathedrall Church, 
and detracted from Divine Service there. Eighthly, the Incum- 
bent for not joyning with him is threatned to lose his tithes. 
Ninthly, factious parties of all the Parishes in the Towne are his 



535 

auditors, where they will not be forbidden to sit upon the Com- 
munion table. Hereupon the Commissioners willed Master Pal- 
mer to desist, and to give Master Piatt, the Minister of the said 
Church, roome to do his duty himselfe, untill they might hears 
farther from my Lords Grace of Canterbury [Abbot], and to 
him they remitted him, sending up their reasons wherefore 
they did it.' 

Not long after however the archbishop, on the petition 
of the gentry and citizens, authorised him to continue his 
labours. (Neal, Puritans [1754] i. 540, 541.) 

Palmer also assisted the minister of the French church at 
Canterbury, preaching in French, 'to the great astonishment 
and edification of the whole Congregation.' (Clarke.) 

On 4 June 1631 he had leave of absence for a year from the 
college (Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 162. b), and in 1631 proceeded B.D. 

In 1632 he was presented by Laud, then bishop of London, 
to the vicarage of Ash well Hertfordshire, an appointment which 
the archbishop cited on his trial as an instance of his im- 
partiality (Laud's works [Bliss], iv. 298). 

Prynne had charged archbishop Laud with having given 
' all Preferments, only to such men as were for Ceremonies, 
Popery and Arminianism.' In his own History referring to his 
mention of his promotion of Herbert Palmer among others, as 
disproving this, he says, 'M"" Brown said in his Heply, that 
M'' Palmer had indeed his Benefice of my giving, so himself told 
him ; hut it was at the Entreaty of a great Kohle-Man. Say it 
were ; M'' Palmer Avas then a stranger to me : Somebody must 
speak, and assure me of his Wants and Worth, or I cannot give. 
But if upon this I give it freely, is it worth no thanks from 
him, because a Noble-Man spake to me ? Let M"^ Palmer rank 
this Gratitude among his other Yertues.' (Wharton, Laud's 
Life and Troubles, fo. 1695, p. 369.) 

His fellowship became vacant in the course of the year 
Michs. 1632-33, and, as for the part of the year he received 
the sum of £4. 8s. 4(^. (his whole year's stipend being £10), he 
would seem to have ceased to be fellow about 8 March 1632-3. 

At Ashwell he received into his house a great number of the 
sons of noblemen and gentlemen, with whose education, both in 



536 

secular and religious knowledge, he took great pains ; he 
preached twice every Lord's day and catechized the children 
of his parishioners. 

In darkens Life we find pp. 187-192 a very full account of 
the manner in which he instructed his flock and ordered his 
own family and strove himself to make all his actions ' according 
to his constant rule, of being subservient to the glory of God, 
and the good of souls.' 

In 1633 he was made one of the university preachers of 
Cambridge, ' whereby he had authority to preach, as he should 
have occasion in any part of England.' 

In 1640 he and Dr Tuckney were chosen proctors of Convo- 
cation for the diocese of Lincoln, in which diocese Ashwell 
then was. 

* When he was to Preach at the Bishop [Williams] of iw- 
colns Visitation at Hitchin, he went thither with a resolution to 
speak fully and freely, against the corrupt innovations then in 
practice, whatever might be the issue ; and did accordingly 
perform it, though he were sensible of the great danger of so 
doing' (Clarke, Life, 199). He also vigorously opposed the 
Book of Sports, the Etcetera Oath in the canons of 1640, 
and archbishop Laud's directions as to the conducting of public 
worship. 




N the year 1643 he was by authority of Parliament, 
called to be a Member of the Assembly of Divines 
il at Westminster. And after some time was chosen one 
of the Assessors,' in which place he behaved with great wisdom 
and integrity. He was very rarely absent from the delibe- 
rations of the assembly, and considered his presence there a 
duty paramount to every other. As he in consequence only 
visited Ashwell on extraordinary occasions, he appointed a 
curate with the whole income of the rectory as his stipend. 
While in London he preached at first at different churches, but 
soon accepted the invitation of the inhabitants of Duke's-place 
to preach among them regularly. 

Afterwards he was requested to take upon him the charge of 
the new church in Westminster then just completed (now 



537 

dalled Christ Church), where he was unwearied in his official 
duties, ' continuing ofttimes to speak in publique for the space 
of six or eight hours on a Sabbath day,' He was besides one of 
I the seven divines ' that, by appointment of Parliament, did 
carry on the daily morning lecture at the Abby-Church.' 
(Clarke 194). 

On several occasions we find him preaching before the house 
of Commons and the Assembly of Divines on solemn fast days 
for the earl of Essex, 

On 21 June 1643, the day of the monthly solemn Fast, he 
p;'eached a sermon, afterwards published, on 'The necessity and 
Encouragement of Utmost venturing for the Churches Help' on 
Esther iv. 13, 14. 

'This day [17 May 1644] was the sweetest that I have 
seen in England. Generall Essex, when he went out, sent to 
the Assemblie, to entreat, that a day of Fasting might be kept 
for him. We appoint, this day, four of our number to preach 
and pray at Christ's Church ; also, taking the occasion, we 
thought meet to be humbled in the Assemblie, so we spent 
from nine to five very graciouslie. After Dr. Twisse had begun 
with a briefe prayer, Mr. Marshall prayed large two houres, most 
divinelie, confessing the sins of the members of the Assemblie, 
in a wonderfullie pathetick, and prudent way. After, Mr. 
Arrowsmith preached one houre, then a psalme ; thereafter, Mr. 
Vines prayed near two houres, and Mr. Palmer preached one 
houre, and Mr. Seaman prayed near two houres, then a psalme. 
After, Mr. Hendersone brought them to a short sweet conference 
of the heart confessed in the Assemblie, and other seen faults, 
to be remedied, and the conveniencie to preach against all sects, 
especiallie Anabaptists and Antinomians. Dr. Twisse closed 
with a short prayer and blessing. God was so evidentlie in all 
this exercise, that we expect certainlie a blessing both in our 
matter of the Assemblie and whole Kingdome.' (Baillie, Letters 
and Journals ed. by David Laing esq. for the Bannatyne club. 
[3 vols. 8vo. Edinb. 1841], vol. ii., pp. 184, 185.) 

'On Tuesday last [13 Aug. 1644] there was a solemne Fast 
for Generall Essex's armie. Mr. Palmer and Mr. Hill did preach 
that day to the Assemblie, two of the most Scottish and free 

35 



538 

sermons, that ever I heard any where. The way here of all 
preachers, even the best, has been, to speake before the Parlia- 
ment with so profound a reverence as truelie took all edge from 
their exhortations, and made all applications to them toothless 
and adulatorious. That style is much changed of late: however,^ 
these two good men laid well about them, and charged publicke 
and parliamentarie sins strictlie upon the backs of the guilty) 
among the rest, their neglect to settle religion according to the 
Covenant, and to sett up Ordination, which lay so long in theiil 
hands.' (Baillie's Letters and Journals, ii. 220, 221.) This' 
'Publick letter' is dated 18 Aug., which was a Sunday; Baillie 
though a Scots commissioner to the Assembly of Divines did 
not hesitate to waite letters on the Lord's day, as other letters 
are found in the same series dated on days, which the Dominical 
letter of the year shews to have been Sundays. 

This sermon was the one afterwards published under the 
title ' The Glasse of God's Providence towards his Faithful Ones,' 
on Ps. xcix. 8. 

On 30 Sept. 1646 he preached before the Commons a sermon 
on Isaiah Iviii. 12, afterwards published under the name 'The 
Duty and Honour of Church K.estorers.' 

In these sermons preached to the parliament, 'he spared not 
to declare fully and plainly what God expected from them and 
freely to reprove what was amisse. For (as he was wont to say) 
he did not in that place preach before them [ut coram Judice), 
but TO them {authoritative) as by Commission from God, and 
how much soever they might be superiour to him in other 
regards, yet he was in that place superiour to them, as acting 
in Gods name; and therefore would not be afraid to speak 
whatever was the Will of God that he should tell them, notwith- 
standing any displeasure or danger, which might by this means 
befall him for so doing' (Clarke, 199, 200). 

Mr Palmer was held in such estimation by his party, that he 
was directed by the assembly to draw up letters in its name to 
the protestant churches abroad (Baillie ii. Ill [7 Dec. 1643]). 
This letter is printed in Neal [1754] ii. 62-5 from Rushworth. 
He was also one of a sub-committee of five to draw up a 
Directory of Public Worship (Baillie ii. 118), his share being 



539 

the catechizing (ii. 140) ; yet, though he was the best catechist 
in England, his paper on it was not Hked (ii. 148). 

Herbert Palmer and Stephen Marshall were the two divines 
appointed by the parliament to attend the primate in prison, 
instead of Drs Martin and Beale whom he had required. They 
also attended him on the scaffold 10 Jan. 1644-5. 




ERBERT PALMER was appointed president of Queens' 
college by the earl of Manchester, and installed by him 
in person in the college chapel, on 11 April 1644. 
The proceedings of the installation are sufficiently described 
by the following entry in the college register. 

Aprill the Eleventh. 1644. 
On which day the Right Hono''''' Edward Earle of Manchester in 
pui'suite of an ordinance of Parlyament for regulateing and reforming 
of the Yniversity of Cambridge, came in person into the chappell of 
Queenes CoUedge, and by the authority to him committed as afore- 
saide, did in presence of all the fellows now resident, declare and pub- 
lish Mr Herbert Palmer to be constituted Master of the said Colledge 
in roome of Doctor Martin late Master there, but now justly and 
lawfully ejected, requiring him the said Mr Herbert Palmer, then 
present, to take upon him the said place, office, and charge, and did 
put him into the Masters seate or stall within the said chappell, and 
delivered unto him the statutes of the said Colledge in testimony of 
bis actual investiture and possession of the said charge. And the said 
Earle of Manchester doth likewise straightly charge all and every the 
fellowes, scollers and students and all others belonging to the said 
Colledge, to acknowledge him the said Mr Herbert Palmer to be actuall 
Master of this colledge, and sufficiently authorized to execute the said 
office, and accordingly to use unto him all such respects and obedience 
as the statutes of the said House doe require to be given unto him 
as Master thereof, notwithstanding hee be not elected nor admitted 
according to the ordinary course prescribed by the said statutes in 
this time of distraction and warre, there being a necessity of reforming 
as well of the statutes themselves, as of the members of the Colledge. 
In witnesse wherof the said Earle of Manchester hath commanded 

35—2 



540 

this declaration and act of his Lo^: to be entred into the Leiger- 
bookes of acts of the said CoUedge and also of the university of 
Cambridge to remain of record for perpetuall memory. 

E. Manchester. 

The following was the 'Solemne promise or protestation 
made by the Master in the chappell at the time of his ad- 
mission or installment :' 

I Herbert Palmer being called and constituted by the Right 
■Hono^^® Edward Earle of Manchester (who is authorized thereto by aa 
ordinance of Parlyament) to be Master of Queenes colledge in the 
Vniversity of Cambridge, with the approbation of the Assembly of 
Divines now sitting at "Westminster, doe solemnly and seriously pro- 
mise in the presence of Almighty God the searcher of all hearts, that 
during the time of my continuance in that charge, I shall faithfully 
labour to promote piety and learning in myselfe, the fellowes, schollers, 
and students, that doe or shall belong to the said Colledge, agreeable 
to the late solemn IsTationall league and covenant by mee sworne and 
subscribed, with respect to all the good and wholesome statutes of the 
said Colledge and of the Vniversity, correspondent to the said Covenant 
and by all meanes to procure the good, wellfare, and perfect reforma- 
tion both of that Colledge and Vniversity, so farre as to me apper- 
taineth. 

Herbert Palmer. 

April 11. 1644. 

For two months he bare rule over a college consisting of 
the remains of the royalist society mostly non-resident, probably 
no scholars and a very small number of students, and but very 
little seems to have been done in the college. William Hitch 
was admitted as sizar of the college on 28 May, and Maurice 
Bawdes as pensioner 8 June, both under Mr William Wells, 
who escaped ejection for some time, but was at last (on 26 Sept.) 
expelled for refusing to take the covenant. Edward Herbert, 
who had been pre-elected bible-clerk 17 Feb. 1643-4 was ad- 
mitted 10 May 1644. 

But the new system came into operation on 11 June 1644 
with the nine fellows whom the earl of Manchester appointed, 
and on 20 June 11 students, partly Oxford men, were ad- 



r 



541 



mitted members of the college. On the 21st the first college 
meeting was held, Samuel Sillesby was appointed vice-president, 
and degree graces for B.A. to two of the newly admitted pen- 
sioners were passed. On 24 June a fresh election of officers 
took place, who were directed 'AH to beginne the weeke 
after the commencement.' On 29 June the first bible-clerk was 
elected and admitted under the new system. 

At Queens' Mr Palmer ' set himself industriously to the 
promoting of religion and learning, being very solicitous that 
none should be admitted to a scholarship or fellowship in his 
college, but such as were qualified in both these respects, the 
good effects of which appeared in the reputation and credit of 
that society, beyond most others of the university in his time' 
(Neal [1754] ii. 826). 'He was also very careful to appoint 
such persons for tutors of youth as were eminent for learning 
and piety' (Neal ii. 85). This last statement of Neal's, is how- 
ever, not very intelligible, as all the fellows put in by lord 
Manchester took pupils except Mr Wallis, who soon vacated 
his fellowship, and Mr Pypard, of whom hereafter. 

One of the new sizars was Simon Patrick afterwards bishop 
of Ely, who in his autobiography gives the following account of 
the condition of the college : 

'Here I found myself in a solitary place at first; for, tho' 
Mr Fuller in his Church History was mistaken in saying this 
College was like a Land-wrack (as I think his words are^) in 
which there was [not] one left to keep possession, yet there 
were about a dozen schollars, and almost half of the old Fellows, 
the Visitors at first doing no more than putting in a majority of 
new to govern the College. The other rarely appearing were 
all turned out for refusing the Covenant, which was then so 
zealously pressed, that all schollars were summon'd to take it at 

^ Fuller's -words are: 'In Queens Coll: there was made a thoroiv Reformation, 
neither Master, Felloio, nor Scholler being left of the Foundation; so that 
according to the Laivs of the Admiralty it might seem a true Wreck, and forfeited 
in this Land tempest, for lack of a live thing therein to preserve the propriety 
thereof. However some conceived this a great severity, contrary to the etemaU 
Morall of the Jeioish Law provided against the depopulation of Birds nests that 
the Old and Young Ones should he destroyed together.' History of Cambridge 
1655, sect. viii. no. 40. _ , 



542 :] 

Trin: Coll: Thither I went and had it tender'd to me, but 
God so directed me, that I telling them my age [18 years] 
was dismiss'd and never heard more of it — blessed be God.' 

'I had not been long in the college before the master; M"^ 
Herbert Palmer took some notice of me, and sent for me to 
transcribe some things he intended for the press; and soon after 
[7 Feb. 1645-6] made me the College Scribe, which' brought me 
in a great deal of money, many leases being to be renewed. 
It was not long before I had one of the best Schollarships 
in the College bestow'd upon me, so that I was advanced to 
a higher rank, being made a Pensioner. But before I was 
Batchellor of Arts [Jan. 1647-8] this good man dy'd, who was ■ 
of an excellent Spirit and was unwearied in doing good. Though ! 
he was a little crooked Man, yet he had such an authority, j 
that the fellows reverenc'd him as much as we did them, going 
bare, when he passed thro' the Court, which after his death was 
disus'd. 

*I remember very well that being a member of the Assembly 
of Divines, he went oft to London : and sometime stay'd there 
a quarter of a year. But before he went, he was wont to cause 
the Bell to be toU'd to summon us all to meet in the Hall. 
There he made a Pathetical Speech to us, stirring us up to pious 
Diligence in our studies, and told us with such seriousness as 
made us believe, that he shou'd have as true an account from 
those he cou'd trust, of the behaviour of every one of us in his J 
absence, as if he were here present with us to observe us himself. '■' 
This he said we shou'd certainly find true at his return. And 
truly he was as good as his word, for those youths whom he 
heard well of, when he came back to College, he sent for to his 
Lodgings, and commended them, giving books to them that were 
well maintain'd and money to the poorer sort. He was suc- 
ceeded by a good Man, but not such a Governor.' (Patrick's 
Autohiography MS. [Univ. Lib. Patrick Papers, 36] pp. 14-17.) 

'Indeed the college Avas so well managed under him, that 
without derogating from the great and deserved credit of the 
very learned Dr Cudworth master of Christ's college (or rather 
Clare hall) and Dr Joseph Whichcot Provost of King's at the 
same time, it must be owned no college was under better dis- 



543 

cipline than Queens'.' (Patrick's Autoh. old ed. Oxf. 1839. 
Con tin. p. 246.) 

He used his great influence with the assembly to procure 
the substitution of such only as were both learned and religious 
in the masterships and fellowships in the university vacated by 
the ejected royalists. (Clarke, Life, 197.) 

The president was possessed of considerable property and 
was unbounded in his liberality; he maintained several poor 
scholars at his own expense in the college, and when he died he 
left a considerable sum of money for the same purpose. What 
Fuller says, confirms this account of him: 'I am most credibly 
informed that Mr Herbert Palmer (an anti-Independent to the 
height) being convinced that Mr Edwards had printed some 
falsehoods in one sheet of his Gangrsena, proffered to have that 
sheet reprinted at his own cost, but some intervening accident 
obstructed it.' {Appeal of injured innocence, part iii. no. 311.) 

Though of a weakly constitution, he was indefatigable in 
business and was constantly employed in works of devotion 
and charity. He was a short man and is called by Baillie 
(ii. 111) 'gracious and learned little Palmer.' 

He did not take the degree of D.D., and never filled the 
office of vice-chancellor. 

He intentionally remained unmarried, and being besides 
extremely abstemious and temperate, and not given to be gay 
or costly in his apparel, he was able to shew much liberality in 
his parish and his college. 

By 'an ordinance for the regulating the university of Cam- 
bridge' of 13 Feb. 1645-6 he was directed (with the other heads 
of houses) to preach in his turn at St Mary's church on Sunday 
mornings. 

On 11 April 1645 he was the spokesman of a deputation 
from the university to the house of Commons for procuring the 
exemption of the societies from public contributions, taxes and 
impositions. Their petition was granted, and an ordinance to 
that effect was at once drawn up and passed by both houses 
that same day (Cooper, Ann. iii. 386). 

His last illness was a short one, and 'his deportment therein 
holy and heavenly; his humility, faith, patience, and submission 



54.4 

to Gods Will, eminently appearing from time to time, and his 
discourse full of heavenly expressions till the time of his death,' 
praying among other things, that God would 'provide a faith- 
full man for Queens Colledge ' (Clarke, Life, 200). 

He died . . . Sept. 1647 aged 46, and his death was bewailed 
by the presbyterian party 'as an unspeakable loss.' He was 
buried in the New Church at Westminster. 

The day is nowhere given, but he was present at an 
election of fellows on 17 Aug. 1647 (Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 
142), and as his successor was elected 19 Sept., he probably 
died on 11 Sept, 

His portrait is engraved at the beginning of his memoir in 
Clarke's Lives [1677], p. 183. It represents him as both ' puny 
and crooked,' and with the childlike face, which on one occasion 
at his coming into the pulpit called forth from ' an ancient 
French gentlewoman' the exclamation 'Hola, que ncus diracest 
enfant icy?' but at the same time with the 'worn, wist-ful, sad 
forth-look,' with the ' large eyes and thought-worn features,' well 
agreeing with his character of a studious divine and earnest 
preacher. 

In a letter of 25 Dec. 1646, Baillie (ii, 415) mentions Her- 
bert Palmer as one of the ablest presbyterian divines, along 
with Herle, Marshall, Vines and Burgess, among whom he 
wishes the king would choose his chaplains, adding 'but I 
believe Newcomen, Ward, Ash, Perne, Seaman, Whitaker, 
Calamy would give also good satisfaction.' He was however a 
Millenarian, which BailHe laments (ii. 313) .... '1 cannot dream 
why he [Dr John Forbes] should have omitted [in his ' Instruc- 
tiones Historico-Theologica3,' fo. Amst. 1645] ane errour 
[Millenarianism] so famous in antiquitie, and so troublesome 
among us ; for the most of the chiefe divines here, not only 
Independents, but others, such as Twisse, Marshall, Palmer, 
and many more, are express Chihasts.' (Letter of 5 Sept. 1645, 
to M"" Spang.) 

' . . . We may look upon it as a wise Providence of God, so 
seasonably to take him away a little before those great trans- 
actions about the change of Government, which were so directly 
contrary to his deliberate and setled judgement, that he would 



54^5 

certainly have thought it his duty to Speak much more than 
others would endure to Hear. For although his judgment was 
clear for the lawfulnesse of Defensive Arms (which was the 
Parliaments case as it was first stated, as doth fully appear 
in that Treatise, entituled, ' Scripture and Reason pleaded for 
Defensive Arms' wherein himself of all others had the greatest 
hand :) yet was as peremptory against Offensive Arms, or 
attempting the Kings life, whose person he judged Sacred 
and inviolable,' and he was resolved, if ever it should come to 
the question, ' to oppose it to his utmost power, whatever danger 
he might incurre by so doing' (Clarke, 200.) 

On 9 Jan. 1646-7 he presented about 30 volumes to the 
library, and at his death he left the college a legacy of £53, 
which was paid by his [half-] brother Mr John Crow. In 1661 
it was agreed by Dr Martin and the society, that this gift, then 
in the hands of Mr Nichols, should be employed in repairing the 
chapel and the steeple. (Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 134. b. 138. b.) 

Agreed upon by the M"" & Fellowes that, that £53 of M"" Palmer's 
gift, w^h M"" Nicols (having in his hands) hath given notice of to the 
Comnnity, bee imployed to the repaire of the Chappell and Steeple, 
June 24, 16G1. (Old Parchm. Peg. fo. 138. b.) 

YI Journale. 1660-61. fo. 110. [Apr.] For ringing the bell at 
S' Buttolphs, our steeple being decayed 0. 1. 0. 

His half-brother John Crow (M.A. Cath. 1639) succeeded 
him at Ash well, and continued there till 1662. (Kennet, Beg. 
896, Calamy, Ace. 366). 

August 25, 1648. It was granted that M'' Crow should have the 
Colledge-seale for his acquittance for the money given by his Brother 
M/ Palmei". (Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 134. b.) 

There are lives of Herbert Palmer in Middleton's Biographia 
Boangellca, iii. 190 — 201 ; in Clarke's Lives of Thirty-two 
English Divines (3rd ed. fo. London, 1677), 180-201 ; and in 
Clarke's Martyrology, Lond. 1651. There is also a life of 
Herbert Palmer by Philip Taverner of Exeter college, Oxford. 
London, 1681. This is however of no great importance. 
Another by Mr A. B. Grosart will be mentioned shortly 
hereafter. 



546 






He is the author of the following sermons and books: 

1. The Necessity and Encouragement of Utmost Venturing for 
the Churches Help. A Sermon before the house of commons 21 June, 

1643, on Esther iv. 13, U. 4to. Loud. 1643. 

2. The Glasse of God's Providence towards His Faithful Ones on 
Ps. xcix. 8. A Sermon before both houses of Parliament, 13 Aug. J 

1644. 4to. Lond. 1644. 1 

3. Meditations of making Peligion ones Business, Letter dated 
13 Dec. 1644. 

4. The Soule of Fasting, or Affections Requisite in a Day of 
Solemne Fasting and Humiliation, according to the Pattern. Neh. 
ix. 5, &c. 12mo. Lond, 1644. 

5. The character of a Christian in Paradoxes and seeming 
Contradictions. (Letter dated 25 July.) 1645. 

These last three numbers together with others were united 
in a volume entitled, 

6. Memorials of Godliness and Christianity. 

This is his most popular work; the 13th edition was pub- 
lished 12mo. 1708, and it is reprinted in Wesley's Christian 
Library, Vol. xil. 

The following is the description of the edition of 1655. 

I. Memorials of Godlines and Christianity. In three Parts 
(with continuous pagination, but three separate title pages). 

Part I. containing Meditations : 

1. Of mahing Religion ones Business. 

2. An Appendix apjylied to the Calling of a Minister. 

The fifth edition corrected and enlarged by the Author, Herbert Pal- 
mer, B.D. late Master of Qu. Coll. Camb. 

II. Memorials of Godlines and Christianity, 
Part II. containing : 

1. The Character of a Christian in Paradoxes and seeming 

Contradictions. 

2. A Froof or Character of visible Godliness. 

3. Some general Considerations to excite to watchfulness, and 

to shake off spi^'itual drousiness. 

4. Remedies against carefulness. 

5. The Soul of Fasting. 



5i7 

The fiffcli edition corrected. By Herbert Palmer, B.D. Master 
of Qu. Cull. Camb. 

III. Memorials of Godlines and Christianity. 
Part HI. A Daily Direction, or Brief Rules for daily Conversa- 
tion. As also A particular Direction for the Lords-Day. 
Written by Herbert Palmer a little before his Death. 

7. A' Full Answer to a Printed Paper Entituled 'Foure serious 
Questions concerning Excommunication and Suspension from the 
Sacrament.' 4to. Lond. 1645. 

8. The duty and honour of Church Restorers, a Sermon on 
Isaiah Iviij. 13, preached before the house of Commons 30 Sept. 1646. 
4to. Lond. 1646. 

In conjunction with Daniel Cawdrey he pubhshed 

9. Sabbatum Redivivum, or the Christian Sabbath vindicated 
in a Full Discourse concerning the Sabbath and the Lord's Day. 
4to. part i. 1645, part ii. 1652. 

The question of the authorship of the Paradoxes is examined 
in the following work : 

Lord Bacon not the author of "The Christian Paradoxes:" 
being a i-eprint of "Memorials of Godliness and Christianity," by 
Herbert Palmer, B.D. With introduction, memoir, and notes by 
the Rev. Alexander B. Grosart, Kinross. 8vo. Printed for private 
circulation, 1865. pp. 126. 

This work contains (pp. 25-46) a memoir of Herbert 
Palmer mainly derived from Clarke, Cole's MSS., Baillie's 
letters, and Patrick's Autobiography. 




N 11 April 1644 Herbert Palmer was installed president, 
the society then consisting of 10 rojmlist fellows, eight 
having been ejected on 8 and 9 April. On the same day 
Thomas Marley was ejected for refusing to take the covenant. 

The 9 vacancies created in April were filled up on 11 June, by 
lord Manchester appointing a fresh set of 9 new fellows viz. 
John Wallis, Samuel Sillesby, John Wells, Nathaniel Ingelo, 
Masters of Arts, John Smith, John Hoare, Samuel Glover, In- 



548 

ceptors in Arts, and William Ames and William Whittaker 
Bachelors of Arts, all from Emmanuel college except Hoare and 
Glover who were from St Catherine's hall. 

The warrant for their appointment is transcribed from the 
College Register : 

Whereas in persuite of an ordinance of Parlyament for regnlateing 
and reforming j" university of Cambridge I have eiected Mr Marly, 
Mr Coldham, Mr Kemp, Mr Sparrow, Mr Bryan, Mr Rogers, Mr 
Hills, Mr Appleby, Mr Natley, late fellowes of Queenes Colledge in 
Cambridge : And whereas Mr John Wallis, Mr Samuel Silesby, 
Mr John Wells, Mr Nathaniel Ingelo, masters of art, Mr John 
Smith, Mr John Hore and Mr Samuel Glover, Inceptors, William 
Ames and William Whittakers. Batchellours of art, have bine exa- 
mined and approved by the Assembly of divines now sitting in West- 
minster according to the said ordinance, as fitt to be fellowes ; these 
are therefore to require you and every of you to receive the said 
Mr Jolm Wallis, Mr Samuel Silsby, Mr John Wells, Mr Nathaniel 
Ingelo masters of art, Mr John Smith, Mr John Hore, Mr Samuel 
Glover, Inceptors, William Ames and William Whittakers, Batchel- 
lours of art, as fellowes of your Colledge in roome of the said Mr 
Marly, Mr Coldham, Mr Kemp, Mr Sparrow, Mr Bryan, Mr Rogers, 
Mr Hills, Mr Appleby, Mr Natley, formerly eiected, and to give them 
place according to their seniority in the university in reference to all 
these that are or shall hereafter be put in by mee according to the 
ordinance aforesaid. Given under my hand and seale the Eleventh 
day of June Anno dni 1644. 

E. Manchester. 

To the Mastei', Pi-esident 
and fellowes of Queenes 
Colledge in Cambridge. 

After the fellows so nominated had taken the solemn league 
and covenant, they made, in the presence of the Committee ap- 
pointed by the Earl of Manchester, the following protestation, 
and then, the instrument for their admission being publicly 
read by the Master, they were admitted fellows : 

I being appointed and constituted by the right hon^'" the 

Earle of Manchester, who is authorized therunto by an ordinance of 
Parlyament, to be a fellow of Queenes Colledge in the university of 



549 

Cambridge, with the approbation of the Assembly of Divines now 
sitting at Westminster, doe solemnly and serionsly promise in the 
presence of Allmighty God, the searcher of all hearts, that dui'ing the 
time of my continuance in y' charge, I shall faithfully labour to pro- 
mote piety and learning in myselfe, the schollers and students, that 
doe or shall belong to the said Colledge, agreeable to the late solemne 
National league and Covenant by mee sworne and subscribed, with 
respect to' all the good and wholesome statvites of the said College 
and of the university, correspondent to the said Covenant ; and shall 
yield unto M"" Herbert Palmer, M"". of this Colledge, all such respect 
and obedience as the Statutes of the said house and laudable customes 
of the said Yniversity do require to be given to the Master, And 
endeavour to prosecute the good, wellfare, and perfect refoi*mation of 
y' Colledge and Vniversity so farre as to mee appertaineth. 

June 19, 
1644. 

On 2 Aug. Dr Gamaliel Capel was declared non-socius : 

* A certificate from Allhallowes Pai-ish in Cambridge Aug. 2. 1644. 
A stillborne child of Doctor Capells buried in Allhallowes parish 
March 12, 1643. 

In witnesse whereof we subscribe 

Edward Cowder, Churchioarden. 
Aug. 2,-1644. Joseph Hardy, Clarke. 

This certificate being brought to me, I did before y" fellowes the 
same day Pronounce Dr Capell non-socius. 

Herbert Palmer, FrcBsidens! 
(Old Parclira. Eeg. fo. 25.) 

On 26 Aug. Dr George Bardsey, Thomas Cox and Michael 
Freer were ejected for non-residence and not appearing on 
summons; on 26 Sept. William Wells and Arthur Walpole the 
last of the royalist society were ejected for refusing to ta.ke 
the Covenant. 

Their places were still filled up by the earl of Manchester, 
who appointed in their stead on 13 Sept. Francis Barksdale M.A. 
of Magdalen hall Oxford, and John Jackson B.A. of St Cathe- 
rine's hall, and on 20 Dec. John Pypard M.A. and Samuel Rayner 
B.A. of Magdalen hall. The last of lord Manchester's fellows were 



550 

intruded in Jan. 1644-5, viz. George Griffith B.A. of 

college on the 2'^, and Nathaniel Debanke M.A. and John Watson 
B.A. of Emmanuel college on the 4'^ This made 16 fellows, 
soon reduced to 15 by the marriage of John Wallis 4 March 
1644-5. 

No further appointments or elections were made for two 
years; but on 13 Feb. 1645-6 the parliament by an Ordinance 
permitted all the colleges except Trinity, to fill up the places 
vacant by ejectment, and so on 19 Jan. 1646-7 three fellows 
were elected by the society in the places of Dr Cox, Dr Capel, 
and Mr Whitehead. Only one more election of fellows was held 
in Herbert Palmer's time viz. on 17 Aug. 1647 when four fellows 
were chosen. 




F the new body, Fuller {History of the university sub 
anno 1642-3 no. 40) wrote in 1655: ' But to pre- 
vent a vacuity (the detestation of nature) a new 
Plantation was soon substituted in their room, who short of 
the former in learning and abilities, went beyond them in good 
affections to the Parliament ;^ and the Querela Cantabrigiensis 
says that 'the Knipperdollings of the age reduced a glorious 
and Renowned University almost to a meer Munster,' and ' tore 
the Garland from off the Head of Learning to place it on the 
dull brows of Disloyal Ignorance.' 

This was not at least entirely the case at Queens', where the 
intruded society included such men as John Wallis the eminent 
mathematician, John Smith the Christian Platonist, and Na- 
thaniel Ingelo afterwards fellow of Eton. There may how^ever 
have been some, who had no great right to their new positions. 
John Pypard, in spite of his having been ' examined and ap- 
proved by the assembly of Divines,' was not quite the' saint 
he ought to have been, and, having been ' found disorderlie at 
a taverne in disorderlie companie at eleven of the clocke of 
the night,' was (on 17 May 1645) admonished 'by the expresse 
consent of the master and major part of the fellowes.' (Old 
Parchm. Keg. fo. 132.) 

Clarke's account of Herbert Palmer's management of the 
college transcribed from his Life is interesting : 



551 

' ...But more especially in reference to tliat place, to 

vernment ^^^ Government wliereof he was designed,... it cannot 

of the Col- easily be believed how exceeding Circumspect he was, 

° ' how Cautious and wary in the Choice of those, who (as 

Fellows) were to joyn with him in the Government, that they might 

be learned, pious, and unanimous. The happy effect of which care, 

in so quiet and peaceable establishment of that Society, as could not 

easily be expected in so troublesome a time, was, to the great 

astonishment and Amazement of all, even of those that hated them; 

and hath had a veiy great influence upon that happy, and flourishing 

condition thereof ever since. What his aime was in that place, did 

continually appear, by his constant expressions and Prayers, which 

sounded of nothing more than the advancement of Religion and 

Learning : And he was as true to those expressions in his continual 

endeavours and actings. 

His first and main care was, the advancement of Religion, and 

practical Piety, knowing that where this took place, a consci enable 

improvement of time, in other things could not well be wanting. 

This made him extraoi'dinary solicitious, for the constant 
His care to ,.1110 

promote presence of the whole Society at the publique Worship 

Eeligion of God ; which he did carefully look to, when he was 
present amongst them, and was usually one of the last 
things he gave in charge to all the Students, when his more publique 
employments at the Assembly called him away, and whereof he was 
very inquisitive in his absence. He took care also for the constant 
instruction, not only of the young Scholars, but likewise of all the 
Colledge Servants, in the principles of Religion. The exercises of 
Common-j)laces or Sermons in the Chappel, which had formerly been 
in use, only in Term-time, he caused to be continued weekly all the 
year. Besides which, when he was present in the Colledge, he did 
frequently himself, either preach, or expound Scripture unto them. 
He also took special notice of the several Conversations of the par- 
ticular persons in the Colledge, as well by his own inspection, and 
observation while he was present, as by faithfull informations in his 
absence ; and was frequent in giving them personall counsel and 
Direction in private. Consonant hereunto was also the care of the 
particular Fellows, who beside the instruction of their Pupils in 
Learning, caused them to come to their chambers to Prayers every 
night, and to repetition of Sermons on the Lords-day. By all which 
the practice of Religion was much promoted. 



552 

His care ^^'^ next care was for the advanceroent of Learning, 

to advance which he endeavoured to promote by his frequent exhor- 
*^' tations, and encouraging all to diligence in their studies, 
and conscionable improving their time and opportunities ; as also by- 
requiring the constant performance of publique exercises, by persons 
of all ranks ; and exciting the Fellows to a diligent inspection, as 
well joyntly over the Golledge in general, as severally over their own 
Pupils in particular for the same ends. 

On the same ground also he took care to have the Colledge- 
Library furnished with good Authors, giving considerable summes of 
money for that end, and perswading others also to do the like ; And 
some dues payable to the Golledge, which formerly used to be em- 
ployed in feasting, were by his means converted to a better use, in 
buying of such books as might feed the minds, both of the present 
society, and those that shall succeed. 

He bestowed also a considerable part of his profits 

His 0x13- 

j.jj. there, upon the yearly maintenance of poor Scholars, and 

at his death he gave a considerable summe of money for 
the same purpose, to be disposed of by the present Society to such as 
stood in need. 

Indeed his resolution was, that so long as he was hindered from 
residing constantly amongst them, by reason of his attending on the 
Assembly at Westminster, he would not be a gainer by the place [the 
value of the mastership at this time was £68. 35. Sd. (Cooper Ann. 
iii. 432)]; but whatsoever profits he received more then would defray 
the charges, of journeys and other expences occasioned by it, he 
would bestow some way or other for the good of the Golledge. 

In elections to places of preferment in the Golledge, 
dence^^' ^^^ ^^ exceedingly carefull that they might be bestowed 

on those that were most deserving : and to that end, he 
did, with the unanimous consent of the Fellows, make a Decree, 
that in all future Elections, none should be admitted to a Scholarship 
or Fellowship in the Golledge, till they did first approve themselves 
for Learning by a publique triall or examination, for two or three 
days successively in the audience of the whole Golledge, which hath 
already produced very good effects for the improvement of learning 
in that Golledge, and more are like to ensue. In case any sollicited 
him for preferment of their Friends, his constant answer was, that if 
they were found to deserve it better then others, they should have it, 
but if otherwise they must expect to go without it, and his actings 



553 

were exactly consonant hereuato ; as indeed in all things, his resolu- 
tions, words, and actions were so exactly consonant, and kept so 
perfect harmony as is seldom seen : whereas iu many, their words 
are more then their intentions, and their actions lesse then their 
words. 

In his converse with the Fellows, it was his great care to pre- 
serve unanimity, that as well Elections as all other affairs of the 
Colledge, should be carried on by an universal consent ; so if that 
in the proposal of anything, there were any dissent, his usual manner 
was to defer the detei'minatiou of it, till every one should see reason 
sufficient to concur with the rest ; and was himself as ready to 
hearken to any argumeut produced, though contrary to his present 
sense, which he would either fully answer or yield to it : so that 
scarce anything was overruled meerly by pkiralifcy of suffrages, but 
all with universal consent ; and nothing more ordinary, then for all 
differences to be quite reasoned down. 

In his absence from them, his mind was still present with them ; 
being more thoroughly acquainted with all the affairs of the Colledge, 
and more carefull of them, then most Heads of houses are when they 
are pi-esent. For by reason of that sweet harmony, and agreement 
betwixt himself and the fellows, he had constantly faithful intelli- 
gence of all affairs, and did communicate his counsel and advice 
therein ; making the good of the Colledge (as he was wont to call it) 
his Magna Cura, by reason whereof that Colledge hath flourished in 
a very emineiit manner : And I may safely say, without prejudice to 
any ; that scarce any Society in either University, since the late 
Reformation, both for the general improvement of Religion and 
Learning, and the unanimous harmony amongst themselves, have 
been comparable hereunto ; yea, so great was that unanimity and 
reciprocal affection, between him and the Society, that scarce ever 
any Head of a Society was taken from them with more general 
sorrow. 

The care of the puritan Society for the good working of the 
college is shewn by several college orders made by them. (Old 
Parchm. Reg. fo. 25. b. 132 ff.). 

'Jan. 31. 1644. Decreed by y^ Master and Fellowes unanimously 
y' there shall be two conion places weekely all the yeere long and 
y*" all M"^ of Arts who have Chambers in the Colledge shall undergoe 

86 



554f 

this, and for each default ten gi-oates to be payd to the comon chest, 
and the dayes to be ordinarily Tuesday and Friday. 

Herbert Palmer, President.' 

On 4 July 1645 it was concluded that the fellows should 
take care of the college servants, 'to see if they have understand- 
ing in religion and to instruct them if they find them ignorant.' 

On 31 Oct. 1645 it was determined by the society to provide 
an ' Ethicke Lecturer' to lecture daily. 

On 7 Feb. 1645-6 a scholarship examination for two days, 
two hours at least at a time, was decreed. 

On 11 Jan. 1646-7, just before the first fellowship election 
since Dr Martin's time, it was decreed by the society, that all 
candidates for fellowships should be publicly examined by the 
censors and any of the fellows that desired it, in Hebrew, Greek, 
Latin and Philosophy in the presence of the master, fellows and 
scholars for 3 days or 2 at the least, from 9 to 11 a.m.; the 
authors in which they were to be examined were not to be made 
known beforehand. It was provided however that this should 
not prevent the society from electing any person who might be 
hindered by illness from presenting himself, if they were satis- 
fied of his learning. 

On 13 Jan. 1646-7 the Problem suppers of newly elected 
fellows were ordered to be replaced by a payment of five marks 
for the use of the library. 

Few notices of the actual subjects of study at this period are 
contained in the college books. There were lectures on Aris- 
totle's Organon, on the Dialectica of Dr John Seton, the then 
standard work on logic, on the Greek and Hebrew languages, 
on Arithmetic and Geometry. 

The old church of England was now apparently no more. 
Those solemn offices of prayer and praise, which were the 
delight and comfort of Edward Martin, were prohibited, that 
'great Idol of England, the Service-book' (Baillie, ii. 117) that 
' mess of pottage ' was abolished, the reading desk which was 
stigmatized as a ' calves coop' was rendered useless, the bishops 



555 

were in prison or reduced to private station, and churchmen 
were left ' to weep with a loud voice and to complain that their 
Gods were gone, — their God episcopacy, their God Liturgy, the 
organ, and the surplice' (Preface to Fast sermon before the 
Lords, 30 Oct. 1644, by Dr Edm Staunton, principal of C. C. C. 
Oxford. 4°. Lond. 1644). 

Instead of the decent order of the church of England, there 
reigned now the solemn League and Covenant, the Directory 
for the Publique Worship of God, Triers for preachers and 
Classes for ordination, and Presbyterianism, the latter however 
never thoroughly established in its Scotch form and soon to 
be overthrown in favour of a toleration extended to all sects and 
denominations except Churchmen. 

Yet though the Prayerbook was gone, external forms of 
Divine worship were not wholly neglected, and, among the 
college regulations of Mr Palmer's time, we find the following : 

On 14 Feb. 1645-6 it was 'agreed unanimously that those 
who come to Chappell after the Psalmes are read, shall be ac- 
counted tardy'; and on 9 Jan, 1646-7 it was ordered 'that the 
Deane take care of Prayers to be in due season in the morning, 
and halfe an houre after 5 at night, and performe the Course of 
such as be absent, and have provided none to supply it.' (Old 
Parchm. Reg. 133. 132. b.) 

There seems not to be extant any of the bursars' books 
for the period of Mr Palmer's presidentship. 



Besides the works of Herbert Palmer which are mentioned 
above, there are several other minor compositions of his, for 
the knowledge of which I am indebted to the Kev. A. B. 
Grosart. 

In ' the Baptist Annual Register for 1798, 1799, 1800, and 
'part of 1801,' edited by John Rippon, D.D., are three letters of 
Herbert Palmer's. They were ' with other papers, in Mr Her- 
bert Palmer's own handivriting, in the possession of Dr Rippon,' 
The date of the first is 14 Aug. 1632 (pp. 258-260), the others 
(on pp. 411-414, and pp. 503-504) belong also to 1632; they 

36—2 



556 

seem addressed to the same person, but to wliom does not 
appear. This person he styles 'most noble and vertuous 
cousin ; ' the letters are entirely on spiritual matters, and the 
second and third are headed by Dr Rippon ' To a doubting 
Christian.' His letters are mentioned by Clarke {Life, 186) as 
being ' yet to be seen in great numbers.' 

Mr Grosart possesses also a MS. entirely written by Palmer, 
entitled 'Sermons concerning the necessity and manner of 
Divine Invocation, wherein is taught how our Prayers may be 
made acceptable unto God, comfortable to ourselves.' Prefixed 
is 'an exceedingly sweet and charming letter' 'To his most 
Deare and Honoured Lady mother the Lady Margaret Palmer,' 
dated ' from my study at Queenes colledge in Cambridge, April 
21, 1626.' 





19 Sept. 1647—2 Aug. 1660. 
23 Car. I— 12 Car. II. 

[|N the death of Mr Palmer, Thomas Horton B.D. 
formerly fellow of Emmanuel college, succeeded him 
by the free election of the society on 19 Sept., and 
was admitted on 2 Oct. 1647. 
He was the son of Mr Lawrence Horton of the Mercers' 
company, and was born in 16.... He was admitted pensioner 
of Emmanuel college on 4 July 1623, (William Bennet, Re- 
gister of Emmanuel college, MS. at Emmanuel) and was matri- 
culated as pensioner in July 1624. He was B.A. 1626-7, M.A. 
1630 and B.D. 1637. He was elected fellow of his collesfe in 

o 

16... \ when John Wallis the mathematician was one of his 
pupils. The latter writes: ' The first time I had the opportunity 
of knowing him, was about the year 1632, when he was fellow 
of Emmanuel CoUedge in Cambridge, in which college I had the 
Honour (and Happiness) of receiving the first of my Academical 
education and for some part of it under his Tuition' (Preface to 
one hundred Select Sermons, fo. Lond. 1679). 

In 1638 he was appointed curate of St Mary Colechurch 
London, a donative in the gift of the Mercers' company, and 
licensed 12 July. He seems to have resigned this in 1640, as 
Samuel Cheney was licensed to it 28 Nov. (Newcourt, i. 919). 
We find him later preaching here, as Dr Worthington says in 
his diary: 'Oct. 19. [1651], I preached at Cole church in the 
forenoon for Dr Horton' (Hey wood and Wright, ii. 576). Dr 

^ There are no dates of the admissions of the fellows given in Bennet between 
1619 and 1633. 



558 

Wallis observed that bishop Brownrigg when in London ' was a 
very frequent, if not his Constant Auditor, even though he did 
not lodg in those parts of the Town.' 

He subscribed the 3 articles of the 36th canon as university 
preacher on ... Nov. 1638 (MS. Baker xxvij. 213). 

On 26 Oct. 1641 he was chosen professor of Divinity in 
Gresham college, in succession to Dr Holdsworth. 

On 18 Sept. 1644 he was nominated by the parliament as 
one of the 28 Triers or ' Commissioners appointed for approba- 
tion of publique preachers' (Journal of the house of Commons). 

On 18 May 1647 he was chosen preacher to the society of 
Gray's Inn, of which he was also a member, and on 19 Sept. 
following he became president of Queens' college. 




JlN 29 Sept. 1647 he and Mr Yalentine preached before 
the parliament at St Margaret's church, and received 
the thanks of the house for their sermons, which they 
were requested to print. 

In 1649 he took the degree of D.D., and the same year was 
chosen vice-chancellor of the university. 

In Easter term 1651 Dr Horton resigned his preachership 
at Gray's Inn, wherein he was succeeded by Dr Nicholas Bar- 
nard, and about the same time married Dorothy 

On 9 Aug. 1653 he was admitted 'ad eundem' at Oxford. 

In April 1659 Dr Horton was appointed by the university 
member of a syndicate to exhibit a petition in its name to the 
protector Richard Cromwell against the grant of a charter then 
prepared for founding a university at Durham (Cooper, Ann. 
iii. 473). 

The protector Oliver died f-^ Sept. 1658 and after a futile 
attempt of Richard Cromwell (y\ Sept. 1658-May 1659) to 
carry on the government, and, after a short period of what was 
all but anarchy under the rule of the remains of the Long Par- 
liament, the restoration of Charles II, was accepted as the only 
solution to the difficulties of the country, and he was proclaimed 
king on 8 May 1660. 



559 

By the statutes of Gresham college Horton should on his 
marriage have vacated his professorship, but he had interest 
enough first with the committee of parliament for reforming the 
universities and other colleges on 29 May 1651, and afterwards 
in June 1656 with the protector, to obtain dispensations. The 
documents relating to this are printed in Ward's Lives of the 
Gresham Professors, p. 66 ff. By this means he continued to 
hold it uiitil the restoration, when at first he obtained a fresh 
dispensation from Charles II. to retain his office, 1 Aug. 1660. 

The very next day Dr Horton was no longer president of 
Queens' college, as the change of government had brought back 
Dr Edward Martin to his old college. 

On 26 May 1660 the Lords ordered, that the earl of Man- 
chester should be admitted to the exercise of the chancellorship 
of the university, and on 1 June, that the chancellors of the two 
universities should give order that all the statutes in the said 
universities be put into due execution ; and again on 4 June, 
that they take care that the several colleges be governed accord- 
ing to their respective statutes and that such persons as had 
been unjustly put out of their Headships, fellowships and other 
offices in the colleges or universities be restored. 

Accordingly on 27 June Michael Freer was restored to his 
fellowship and on 2 Aug. Edward Martin regained his master- 
ship, Dr Horton quietly retiring from it. 




iN March 1661 when the king's commission was issued 
for holding the conference at the Savoy with the pres- 
byierians, Dr Horton was nominated as one of the 
assessors on the puritan side (Kennet, 398) ; however, Baxter 
{Life and Times, B, i. part 2, pp. 303, 307) says that he never 
came among them. 

In 1656 George Gifford of Wadham college Oxford, had 
been chosen professor of divinity at Gresham college, but was 
set aside by the protector's dispensation. He represented now 
his case to the king, and in consequence Dr Horton's dispensa- 
tion was revoked (26 May 1661) and Mr Gifford rechosen by 



■ i 

560 

the trustees on 7 June, and by the letters of revocation ordered 
to be admitted. 

Besides thus losing the mastership and the professorship 
Dr Horton was one of the divines silenced by the act of uni- 
formity in 1662. He afterwards conformed (Jos. Pearce, Con- 
formists' plea for nonconformity, 4to. 1681, Part i. p. 33), and 
on 13 June 1666 was instituted vicar of St Helen's Bishopsgate- 
street London on the presentation of the dean and chapter of 
St Paul's, ' as void by the Resignation of Mr John Sibbald, who 
seems to have succeeded him in 1663, and to have kept the 
Living in Trust for him' (Kennet, 931). I 

His conformity was of no very strict character, as Baxter 
(Answer to Stillingfleet, 81) says : ' I have seen Dr Horton give 
the Lord's Supper, T think, to the greater part that sat.' 

He continued vicar of St Helen's till his death in March 
1673-4. He was buried 29 March in the chancel of his church 
(Peck, Desid. Cur. B. xiv. p. 46. Obituary of Ri. Smith, anno- 
tated by Thos. Baker), leaving a widow Dorothy, but no chil- 
dren. She administered to his effects 28 Aug. 

Dr Wallis, who had been under his tuition at Emmanuel 
college, published after his decease a volume of his sermons with 
some account of his life. He there describes Dr Horton as ' a 
pious and learned man, a hard Student, a sound Divine, a good 
Textuary, very well skilled in the Original Languages, very well 
accomplished for the work of a Minister and very conscien- 
tious in the discharge of it.' 

He published the following sermons : 

1. Sinnes discovery and revenge, as it was delivered in a ser- 
mon preached (on Numb, 32. 23.) to the right hon. the house of 
Peers at the Abbey Church at Westminster on Wednesday 30 Dec. 
1646, being the day of the monthly pnblick fast. 4to. Lend. 1646-7 
(pp.40). 

2. Wisdomes judgement of folly. A sermon on 1 Cor. 3. 18, 19. 
4to. Lend. 1653. 

3. Sermon preached before the Lord Mayor and aldermen of 
London, Nov. 5, 1654. 4to. Lond. 1655. 

4. Zion's birth-register unfolded. A sermon on Ps. 87. 4 — 6. 
4to. Lond. 1656. 



561 

5. The safety of Jerusalem. A sermon on Esay xxxvii. 4to. 
Lond. 1657. 

6. The unrighteous Mammon exchanged for the true riches, or a 
sermon on Luke 16. 9, preached at the funeral of William Adams, 
esq. in the parish church of St Lawrence Jewiy, on Tuesday Sept. 3, 
1661, by Th. Horton, D.D., dedicated to the Haberdashers' Company 
(Kennet, 864). 4to. Lond. 1661. 

7. Rich treasure in earthen vessels, a sermon on 2 Cor. 4. 7. 
preached Jan. 1, 1662-3 at the funeral of ... Mr James Nalton late 
minister of God's word at St Leonard's Fosterlane, by Th. Horton, D.D. 
4to. Lond. 1663. 

An Assize sermon on 2 Chron. 19. 6. 4to. Lond. 1672. 

After his death were published : 

46 Sermons on the whole 8th chapter of the epistle of the Apostle 
St Paul to the Romans, fo. Lond. 1674. 

Choice and practical exposition on 4 select psalms, viz. Psalm 4 in 
8 Sermons, Ps. 42 in 10 Sermons, Ps. 51 in 20 Sermons, Ps. 63 in 
7 Sermons, fo. Lond. 1675. 

A hundred select Sermons upon several texts : fifty on the old 
Testament, and fifty on the new ; [with a life by Dr Wallis]. fo. 
Lond. 1679. 

Dr Horton and Dr Dillingham published in Jan. 1659-60 
after the death of the author, ' Armilla catechetica. A chain of 
principles, or an orderly concatenation of theological aphorisms 
and exercitations ; wherein the chief heads of the christian 
religion are asserted and improved by John Arrowsmith, D.D. 
(Master of Trinity college), 4". Cambr. 1659,' adding a preface to 
it (Kennet, 42). 

Among the Ashmole MSS. (785. fo. 55. 6.) are * Notes of a 
theological lecture in Latin by D. Horton. Feb, 11. 165|.' 

There are latin verses by Dr Horton in 

Oliva Pacis ad illustrissimum 01iverum...Protectorem, de pace 
cum frederatis Belgis feliciter sancita, 1654 (on the peace with 
Holland). ■ . ... 

Musarum Cantabrigiensium Luctus et Gratulatio, 1658 (on the 
death of Oliver Cromwell and the accession of Richard Cromwell). 

Academise Cantabrigiensis 202TPA, July 1660 (on the restoration 
of Charles II). 



562 

The latter set of verses is here transcribed : 

Sic tandem, Rex Magne, redis, properasque recursu 

Sperato Populum conciliare tuum. 
Nee poteras aliter, cum turbida cuncta fuissent, 

Teque absente diu turbidiora forent. 
Aspicis ut uigram radiis clarissima noctem. 

Siibsequitur tenebras Sole fugante Dies; 
Aut veluti duram vehementi frigore Brumam 

Suscipiunt moUes Yere sequente vices ; 
Sic tua compositis Prsesentia, Carole, rebus 

Promittit Ion gas alleviare moras; 
Et dare sedatis post anxia fata procellis 

Possimus portu commodiore frui. 
Quodque magis gratum est, nee prseveniente Tumultu, 

Sanguine nee tincta sive cruore via. 
Nil Armis opus est ; siccos celebrare Triumphos 

Principis ingenii nobilioris erat. 
Et Populi ingenui resonanti voce BRIT AN NI 

Protenus obsequio sponte redire suo. 
Innuis et satis est. Dum porrigis undique Sceptrum, 

GENS colit admotis officiosa labris. 
Si spectas natale solum, sic Anglia PRIMUM 

Te merito Carolum jactat habere suum : 
Si junctum Imperium, ex Anglis Scotisque, Secundum; 
. Spero et felici Sorte SEGUNDUS eris. 

Tho. Horton, Coll. Eegin. Prgeses. 

This collection contains besides verses by John Wilson and 
James Spering, fellows of Queens' college, and by N. Wragge, 
Med. Doct. of the same college. 




jjB, John Towers bishop of Peterborough, who died 10 
Jan. 1647, had been fellow of Queens' college from 1609 
^i to 1617. He was presented to the rectory of Castle 
Ashby by William, first earl of Northampton, by whose in- 
fluence also he became first in 1630 dean, then in 1688 bishop, 
of Peterborough. He was also prebendary of Westminster 
from 1634 to 1638. 



563 

For opposition to the revolution then progressing he was 
committed with other bishops to the tower, where they lay four 
months. On his release, he joined the king at Oxford, and 
there continued till the surrender of the city to the parlia- 
mentary forces, when he went to Peterborough, where he died, 
and was buried in his cathedral. 

His son William Towers published 

Tour sermons preached by ... John Towers, D.D. Lord Bishop 
of Peterborough. 8vo. Lond. 1660.' (Kennet, Reg. and Chr. 244.) 

In 1648 the bridge near Queens' college, which had been 
destroyed in 1642, was rebuilt by the corporation. (Cooper, 
Ann. iii. 425.) 

August 23. 1648. Whereas it is required by statute that there 
should be an election of fellowes within twelve-moneths after the 
vacancy, except there be a notabile Damnum ui)on the Colledge, and 
that the sayd notabile Damnum doth at present appeare to the 
Master and the major part of the fellowes in the vacancy of the 
fellowships of Mr Ingelo and Mr Debank, it is therefore concluded 
that the election of the sayd fellowships be at present deferr'd. 

A similar order was passed by the society on 15 January 
1651-2 on the vacancy of the fellowship of Mr Reyner, and 
again in 1655 and 1656. 

On 30 Jan. 1648-9 king Charles I. was decapitated, and the 
house of Lords having been abolished, the government of the 
country was exclusively in the hands of the house of Commons. 
On 9 March following Henry Eich, earl of Holland, was be- 
headed, and in his stead the earl of Manchester was (on 15 
March) elected chancellor of the university of Cambridge. 

Arthur Capel, the only son of sir Henry Capel, was admitted 
fellow-commoner of Queens' college on 3 March 1618-9. In 
1641 he became lord Capel of Hadham (Dugd. Bar. ii. 466). 
He fought as a faithful soldier of king Charles I., till the king 
was overpowered and imprisoned at Carisbrook castle. Attempt- 
ing to rescue him, he was taken prisoner and beheaded 9 March 
1648-9. (Lloyd, Memoires, 479-487.) 

On 12 Oct. 1649 the parliament ordained, that the com- 



564 

mittee for regulating the universities should cause all heads of 
houses and fellows and all graduates and officers of the univer- 
sities to subscribe the following Engagement : ' I do declare 
and promise that I will be true and faithful to the common- 
wealth of England, as the same is now established without a 
king or house of Lords/ and that thenceforth no person should 
be admitted to take any degree or bear any office in either of 
the universities, before he had subscribed such engagement. 

On 21 June 1650 the committee was empowered to displace 
such officers, masters and fellows, as refused or neglected to 
take the Engagement, and to place other able and fit persons in 
their room. They were spurred on to activity by another order 
of 16 Aug. in spite of Cromwell's request, that there might be no 
further proceedings against Non-subscribers. The first sufferer 
was Dr Edward Rainbow, master of St Mary Magdalene college, 
who was deprived 29 Aug. Many other masters and fellows of 
colleges were ejected for refusing to subscribe, among whom on 
14 Nov. were two fellows of Queens' college, John Jackson and 
John Hoare, in whose place Thomas Hunt, B.A. and William 
Gore, B.A. were substituted by the visitors. 

Thomas Hunt of Middlesex had been admitted pensioner of 
the college on 2 Nov. 1645. 

William Gore was the fourth son of sir John Gore of Gilston 
(mentioned p. 414). He was admitted pensioner 3 June 1646, 
and was B.A. 1649-50 and M.A. 1653. He was an intimate 
friend of bishop Simon Patrick. 

The warrant for the ejecting of John Jackson and the 
nomination of his successor is as follows : 

November 14* 1650. 

Att the Comittee for Reformacon of the Universities. 

Whereas the Yissitors of the University of Cambridge, amonge 
other persons have returned Mr Jackson ffellow of Queenes CoUedge 
in the said University not to have subscribed the Ingagement, 
and that upon sumons si thence sent from the comittee the said 
Jackson did appeare, and did confesse he had not taken the Ingage- 
ment as by the late Act of Parlament for that purpose is made and 
provided, and did also refuse to take the same before this Coinittee, 
And whereas by vertue of the said Act the fellowship of the said 



565 

Jackson is become voyd and by order of Parlament this Coinittee is 
impowered and required to supply all such places go void by the said 
Act, This Coinittee being informed of the piety and abillity of 
Thomas Hunt, Ba''. of Arts and of his fittnes for that place, Doe order 
that the said Hunt be fellow of the said Colledge in the roome and 
place of the said Jackson voyd as above said and shall take his place 
in the said Colledge according to his standinge and degree in the 
said Univeraitie, and the M" of the said Colledge, Sub-master, or 
senior ffellow now resident, is to admitt him accordingly, and that the 
said Hunt be henceforth deemed and taken as one of the ffellowes 
of the said Colledge to all intents and purposes, and receive all profitts 
and priviledges of the said Colledge accordingly. And the ffellowes 
and other officers of the said Colledge are hereby required to yeild 
obedience hereunto. And it is ordered that the M"" or such ffellowes as 
shall admitt the said Hunt, do take notice of an Order of this Coinittee 
of the 7th of March 1649, a copy whereof is annexed, and thereof 
give an account to this comittee if there be cause, within seaven 
dayes after the receipt of this order. 

Walter Strickland. 

March 7'" 1649. 

Att the comittee for Reformacon of the University. 

Ordered, 

That if any person or persons nominated by this Comittee 
may be justly excepted against, as to their piety or learning, That the 
heads or ffellowes of houses in either of the TJniversityes, whereunto 
the said person or persons are nominated, knowing such excepted, do 
certifie the same forthwith to the comittee before the setlement of 
any such person or persons. 

Walter Strickland. 

The ejectments continued during the year 1651 ; and almost 
the last act of the committee was removing the earl of Man- 
chester from the chancellorship on 27 Nov. 1651, for neglecting 
to take the Engagement, and appointing Oliver St John lord 
chief justice of the Common Pleas to succeed him. He was 
the only chancellor of the university, whom since bishop Fisher 
Queens' college has been able to claim as her own. The com- 
mittee itself was dissolved by the parliament 21 April 1652. 



566 

Oliver St John, the son of Oliver St John of Caishoe Bed- 
fordshire, esq., was admitted pensioner of Queens' college on 
16 Aug. 1615 under John Preston, and matriculated in March 
1615-6. He was admitted member of Lincoins Inn 17 James I, 
'where he was a counsellor of note, especially after he had 
shewn his parts in arguing the case of ship money in behalf of 
Joh. Hampden, esq.; who refused the payment of it, an. 1637.' 
In 1640 he was elected M.P. for Totnes, and became 16 Ch. I. 
Solicitor- General. He married as his second wife a relative of 
Oliver Cromwell, and was by him, on becoming possessed of the 
supreme power, made lord chief justice of the Common Pleas 
and sent as ambassador to the States General. He was elected 
chancellor of the university 27 Nov. 1651 on the deprivation of 
the earl of Manchester. At the restoration, he retired from 
public life to an estate at Long Thorp Northamptonshire, where 
he resided till he died, aged 75, in 1673. (Wood Fasti, 1630.) 

November 21. 1650, Memorandum y* y^ order of y^ heads beeing 
read concerning the collection for the poore, it was voted by the 
major part of the fellows, That they do consent with the heads in the 
order, so long as the M' and fellows shall judge the Coll: able to 
pay the sume levyed by vertue of that order. 

The order for collection charged our Coll : with 7'. 9°. 4'*. per 
annum. (Old Parchm. Keg. 29 b. See also D"". Worthington's 
Diary. Heywood and Wright, ii. 583-4.) 

Bishop Simon Patrick's autobiography contains many inte- 
resting notices of the state of the college in Dr Horton's time : 
he became fellow on 1 March 1648-9. 

* Being Master of Arts I bent my studies chiefly to Theo- 
logy, and the manner of those times were for young men to 
preach before they were in holy Orders, and the first sermon I 
preach'd was at Okeington (a College Living near Cambridge) 
Apr: 6: 1651. upon Acts 3. 19, Repent and be converted etc.... 
After this I had occasion to go to London, and being bound by 
the Statutes of the College to enter into holj'- Orders when I 
was two years Master of Arts, I knew no better than to go to a 
Classis of Presbyters, who then sat at London, and was exa- 
mined by them, and afterwards received the imposition of their 



( 



567 

hands. This afterwards troubled me very much, when not long 
after I met with Dr Hammond upon Ignatius' Epistles and 
Mr Thorndike's Primitive Government of the Church, whereby 
I was fully convinc'd of the necessity of Episcopal ordination. 
This made me enquire after a bishop to whom I might resort, 
and learning that Bp. Hall lived not far from Norwich of 
which he was Bishop, thither I went with two other Fellows 
of our Oollege and a gentleman (Mr Gore, with whom I had 
contracted a great Friendship), as a companion and witnesse of 
what we did. There we were receiv'd with great kindness by 
that Reverend old Bp. who examin'd us and gave us many 
good exhortations, and then ordain'd us in his own parlour at 
Higham about a Mile from Norwich, Apr: 5. 1654.' 

The services in the college chapels were still kept up, 
though the following college orders make it hard to say what 
form was used (Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 134, 135). 

24 Jan. 1647-8. 'It is decreed... that chappell shall be begun to 
be read before six in terme, and before seven in non-terme.' 

Dec. 19, 1648. 'It was determined by the master and major 
part of the fellowes, that chappell should bee observed onlie accord- 
ing to statute, notwithstanding anie decree to the contrarie.' 

It would seem that at Jesus college similar orders were 
made : 

'March 12, 1650-1. I gave order that the monitors should note 
those who came tarde, viz. post primum psalmum; for I observe 
many to come late, and I wisht the fellows who were to read, not 
to stay so long after the first tolling' (Worthington's Diary in Hey- 
wood and Wright, ii. 571). 

On 18 Jan. 1652-3 it was agreed to reduce the number of 
fellows to 17, the profits of the other two to go to the college, 
till it should be decided otherwise (Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 136. b.). 

Patrick thus speaks of his care of his pupils (Autob. MS. 
p. 29, 80) : 

'...Some fruits I hope there were of these and such like 
meditations, in my care to bring up my pupils not only in 
humane but divine knowledge. For I not only read Lectures to 
them in Philosophy, but constantly had them to my Chamber 



568 

at night, and examin'd what they had read and prayed with 
them before I dismiss'd them. I frequently also expounded 
some portion of Scripture to them, and instructed them out of 
Dr Hammond's Practical Catechism.' 

John Smith of Emmanuel college (B.A. 1640-1, M.A. 1644) 
was appointed fellow of Queens' college on 11 June 1644, by 
the earl of Manchester. He was *a living Library' of learning, 
especially in Theology and Oriental languages, but unfortunately 
for the college, to its loss and grief, he. died 7 Aug. 1652, aged 
only 35. Simon Patrick preached his funeral sermon, adding 
to it a short account of him. 

In 1654 died sir Hamon L'Estrange an antiquary and 
naturalist, who had been admitted fellow-commoner on 26 July 
1601. 

Sydrach Simpson was admitted sizar of Queens' college on 
2 April 1617. After his university course he became curate 
and lecturer of St Margaret's Fish street London, and a noted 
preacher. Being convened before archbishop Laud for non- 
conformity in 1685, he retired to Holland, and, returning to 
England at the beginning of the civil wars, he was chosen one 
of the Assembly of Divines, where he took the side of the 
Independents. He be'came master of Pembroke hall in 1650, 
and died in 1655. 

'From an entry in the Old Parchment Eegister [fo. 137. b.] 
made in Dr Horton's time, it appears that the strenuous 
asserter of liberty and enemy of arbitrary power, Oliver Crom- 
well, like many others who have supported that character when 
out of power, was far from being the most indulgent to liberty 
or a strict observer of the rights of men, when in it, but 
even followed the example of the house of Stuart and former 
princes in sending his mandates for the election of fellows' (MS. 
Plumptre). The order is as follows : 

Januar. 19, 1656-7. Resolved by the determination of the major 
part of the Fellowes, that Mr Lauson be not admitted fellow upon 
the mandate of my Lord Protector, tUl further addresses be made to 
his Highness in that behalf, for as much as they are not satisfyed in 
the condition mentioned in the sayd mandate. 



5(1:) 

Though there is no mention of the president, yet the order 
is in his handwriting. 

John Lawson of London was admitted pensioner of Queens' 
college 12 Nov. 1648, was B.A. 1652-3, M.A. 1656, M.D. (of 
Padua) 1659, incorporated at Cambridge 1659, Treasurer of the 
college of Physicians 1692, and President of that college 1694. 
He died 21 May 1705. 

In 1657 Laurence Brettou, D.D. a former fellow of Queens', 
died. He was admitted pensioner of Queens' college on 22 May 
1600 and was fellow from 1608 to 1618, and was eminent in the 
university for his learning and preaching. He became rector 
of Hitcham in Suffolk in 1624 (Walker, ii. 209), whence he was 
ejected in 1643 for 'his great Loyalty and Affection to the 
Establish'd Church.' He was buried at HadLeigh 25 July 1657 
(Rev. Hugh Pigot, Hist, of Hudleigh, in Publications of the 
Suffolk Archasological Institute. 8vo. 1864). 

In May 1658 £55. 18s. OcZ. was raised in the university 
for the relief of the Protestants in Poland, towards which sum 
Queens' contributed £3. (Heywood and Wright, ii. 607.) 

On 4 Oct. 1658 it was ' ordered by the master and major 
part of the fellowes, that the two guilded candlesticks be changed 
for other plate and a colledge signet' (Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 138). 

In 1658 sir Henry Slingsby was beheaded for joining in a 
projected insurrection against the Protector. He was an old 
member of the college (see p. 434), and after having in Parlia- 
ment opposed the designs of the puritan pai'ty, joined the 
king's flag when hostilities broke out. (Clarendon, B. XV.) 

On 21 June 1644 Samuel Jacombe of the county of Leices- 
ter was admitted sizar of Queens' college. He was B A. 16-47-8, 
and was elected fellow on 1 March 1648-9. He commenced 
M.A. in 1651. He became minister of St Mary Woolnott 
London, and was a preacher of celebrity. He published several 
works, He died in 1659 and was buried 17 June in his own 
church. His funeral sermon was preached by his college friend, 
Simon Patrick. (Kennet Reg. and Chr. 72.) 

Thomas Cawton, born at Raynham Norfolk, and educated at 
Queens' college, was minister of Wivenhoe Essex, in 1637, and 
?ifterwards of St Bartholomew-Exchange London. He was a 

37 



570 

learned and religious puritan, driven into exile for preaching 
against the murder of king Charles I. and for being in the same 
plot with Mr Love, for raising money to supply the army of 
king Charles IL, when he was coming into England to recover 
his right. He fled to Rotterdam, and became preacher to the 
English congregation there, where he died 7 Aug. 1659, aged ^64t 
years. (Neal [1753] ii. 537, 46. Wood, Atk) 




HE following miscellaneous items occur in the bursars' 
book of 1648-1660. 

1647-48. [Dec] To M' ffelstead of Chappell candles and other 

necessaries for y*" Col : 03. 08. 00. 

[Jan.] flfor two pewter plates for y^ Comunion 00. 02. 00. 

ffor two quarts of Muskedine for y® Comimion 00. 03. 06. 

To M"" Barksdale for his horse and expenses, w" hee went to 

visit M' Palmer. Omitted in M^ Syllesby his expensse 

mensium... 01. 06. 00. 

1648-49. [June] To y" Vice-chancellour for y'' University library 

by consent 10. 00. 00. 

[Aug.] ffor .4. aaonthes ordered to be paid to y^ Comittee for 

their officers 00. 18. 08. 

1649-50. [Oct.] ffor wine at y« CoSunion 00. 01. 09. 

[Nov.] ffor setting tip y® organs in y" Parlour 11. 06. 07. 

[Dec] ffor horsemeate at London, whiles I [John Hoare, bursar] 

stayed there upon enquiry after y^ Coll: bookes 4 daye 

longer then my occasions required 00. 10. 00. 

[Feb.] To y^ Gardiner for a Kath: peare tree wee set in y* 

Orchyard 00. 03. 00. 

Expended in journey to London, w"^ I went to view coll: 

Bookes 04. 12. 00. 

[March] ffor bringing y^ bookes downe fro London 00. 03. 06. 
To [M'-Felstead] for one dozen of candles for y" chappell 00. 07. 00. 
[April] To Holden for 3 month es taxe for y* visitours clarke, 

according to the vice-chancelloui's order 00. 14. 00. 

1650-51. [Nov.] ffjr bonfire at 5* of Nov OO! 05. 00. 

To y^ Yice-chancellour for y^ Yisitours clarkes 00. 09. 04. 

ffor two quarts of Muskadine for y" Comunion 00. 02. 04. 

[Jan.] ffor Tobacco and pipes for y^ Audit 00. 10. 06. 



[May] To y" Register for coppies of two orders fro y' 
CoSittee 00. 01. 00. 

1651-52. [Oct.] ffor two months for y^ Visitours clarkes 0. 9. 4. 

[Nov.] To y^ Schollers for a bonfire 5* Nov 0. 5. 0. 

Nov. 5, ...That niglit after supper one of the squibs or crackers, 
thrown about by those at the fire, broke the window and came 
into my study, which was matted, and burnt several loose 
papers that lay upon the matt ; it was mercy that my study 
was not on fire. 

(Dr. Worthington's Diary.) 

[Jan.] To Wardell for brasse for y" Kandlestickes in y' 
Chappell 1. 4. 0. 

[April] ffor letters to Norwich 0. 1. 0. 

[July] Charge in preaching y® Sermon at Over 0. 6. 10. 

[Sept.] flfor two qiiarts of Muskadine for y" Sacrament. 0. 2. 8. 

1652-53. [Apr.] To y* gardiner for a bush, and a halfe of straw- 
berryes and seedes 00. 05. 00. 

1653-54. [Feb.] Given to Glascow burnt by fire .... 02. 09. 06. 

[Sept.] Wine for the Comunion 00. 02. 06. 

for mending the organ 00. 15. 00. 

1654-55. [April] flfory" extract of Bp. Davenants will... 0.3.4. 

1655-56. [Oct.] Mending Stangate hole windowes 0. 1.8. 

[Jan.] To M-- Patricke for CoiBeS: 0. 6. 8. 

[Apr.] To M' Patricke for preaching at London 1. 6. 8. 

[Sept.] -to M' Patricks sizar for Clocke keeping till Mid- 
summer 0. 13. 0. 

1656-57. [Dec] Christmas boxes 00. 11. 6. 

1 657-58. [July] fibr wine at 2 Sacraments 0. 8. 0. 

1658-59. [Dec] Given away to Coll. Servants for there Chr: 
boxes 00. 10. 06. 

[Jan.] to Watterson for y" carriage of some writings and evi- 
dences concerninge y^ Isle of Sheppey 00. 01. 06. 

To M"" Lanclott Pease for mendinge y* Coll. organs ... 02. 00. 00. 

1659-60. [Oct. Jan. Apr.] for wine for y" Comunion 00. 04. 0. 

[May] To [y^ Marshall] for serving at y^ proclamation of 
y« K 00. 00. 9. 

[June] To y^ Kings Drumers 00.05.0. 

[July] For Rushes for j^ Summer house 00. 01. 6. 



37—2 




Ctrluart! Jflartm, itstoreU* 

2 Aug. 1660—27 April 1662. 
12—14 Car. II. 

|T the restoration, that ' general resurrection of all in 
graves of captivity and exile/ after which Dr Martin 
had yearned so long, he returned to England from 
France, soon after 5 May 1660. 
He was replaced in his mastership on 2 Aug. 1660 by a 
warrant from the same earl of Manchester who had ejected him, 
and who, after having alleged the Doctor's scandalous acts as 
the ground of that proceeding, now set forth that he was 
'informed' that he was 'wrongfully put out of his mastership.' 
The warrant is as follows : 

Whereas I am informed y* Edward Martin, Doctor in divinity 
and Master of Queenes Colledge in Cambridge hath been wrongfully 
putt out of his Mastershipp, These are to signifie to all whome it 
may concern e y' I doe by virtue of an authority given unto me by 
y^ Lords assembled in Parliament, restore him to his sayd Master- 
shipp, together with all lodgings keyes leigerbookes and scales ap- 
pertaining to his place, Prom henceforth to have and injoy all pro- 
fitts rights priviledges and advantages thereunto belonging, un- 
less cause be shewen me to y" contrary within tenn dayes next after 
y^ date hereof. Given under my hand rhis [second] day of [August] 
1660 in the twelfe yeare of y® reigne of our soveraine Lord y* King. 

E. Manchester, 

There is no address to this letter, as Dr Martin mutilated 
it in posting it into the Old Parchment Kegister and it was 
most probably cut off: the day and month are written in a 
different hand and with different ink. 



573 

This order Dr Martin immediately sent to Dr Horton, as 
Dr Sterne sent the warrant for his restoration to Dr Worthing- 
ton (Heywood and Wright, il 607). Dr Horton at once yielded 
ap possession. 

On reaching college he found Michael Freer, one of the 
ejected fellows, already restored by the following warrant from 
the chancellor. 

Wheras Michaell Fi^er Master in arts and fellow of [Queeny'] 
Colledge in Cambridge hath been wrongfully ejected from Lis fellow- 
shipp for refusing to take y^ ingngemenfc, these are to require you 
forthwith to restore to his sayd fellowshipp and seniority therein, 
and that from henceforth hee injoy all rights priviledges and profitts 
therunto belonging. And for so doing this shall be your warrant. 
Given under my hand this 2T^ day of June 1660, in y^ twelfe 
yeare of y^ reigne of our soveraine Lord y^ King. 

E. Manchester. 

To y® master and fell owes of 
[Qiieenes] Colledge in Cam- 
bridge. 

Mr Freer had been ejected from his fellowship for absence 
from college and other misdemeanours in 1644 and not in 1650 
for refusing to take the Engagement ; but this mistake procured 
his return to Queens' nearly two months before that of the 
president. In the warrant his college is twice called Trinity, 
but the name was altered in another hand to Queens'. He 
entered at once upon college work, for already on 3 July we 
find a pensioner Thomas Wells and a sizar W. Fowler, both 
of Leicestershire, entered under him as their tutor. 

The earliest restoration was that of Isaac Barrow of Peter- 
house, afterwards bishop of St Asaph, on 20 June (Walker, 
Svff. ii. 152). 

The earl's warrant for the restoration of Arthur Walpole 
dated 2 Aug. is subjoined : that of Edward Kemp of 3 Aug. 
was of the same form. 

Whereas I am informed y' Arthur Walpoole Master in arts and 
fellow of Queens colledge in Cambridge hath been wrongfully putt out 
of his fellowshipp, I doe by virtue of an authority given unto me by 



574 

y' Lords assembled in Parliament require you uppon sight hereof 
to restore him to his sayd fellowshipp and seniority therein, from 
thenceforth to have and injoy all profitts rights priviledges and advan- 
tages thereunto belonging, Unless you shall shewe me just cause to 
y® contrary within tenn dayes next after your receipt hereof Given 
under my hand this [second] day of [August] in the twelfe years 
of y* reigne of oiir soveraine Lord y^ King. 

E. Manchester. 
To y® Master of Queenes 
colledge in Cambridge. 

Upon his return to his mastership Dr Martin set to work 
reconstructing the society on a legal footing. The principles, 
on which he was to act, are thus set forth in the following 
letter to him from the chancellor : 

Reverend S'. 

By virtue of an order from y* Kings Maj''® directed to me 
for y® confirmation of fellowes and schoUars in theyr respective 
preferments and allso of authority given me by y* Lords assembled 
in Parliament to restore persons heretofore ejected, These are to 
require you to take care not to remove any from being fellowes or 
schollers in Queens Colledge that are in places vacant by death or 
other incapacities and likewise y* none be removed from being fel- 
lowes or schollers till those places be filled which are allready void 
or may immediately made void by voluntary resignations and if 
such vacant places shall not be enough for the reception of all who 
are to be restored, then to make roome for y^ rest by y* removall 
only of so many of y" juniors as shall be necessary. Thus with my 
kind respects to you I rest 

From Warwick hous 

the IS''' of August, your friend to serve 

1660. you, 



E. Manchester. 



Addressed, To my reverend freind 
Doctor Martin, Master 
of Queenes Colledge 
in Cambridge, 

Thes present. 



575 

As tlie decrees of the earl for expelling the master and fel- 
lows in 1644 had been entered into the register of the college, 
Dr Martin had the corresponding warrants for his own restora- 
tion and the restoration of Edward Kemp, Michael Freer and 
Arthur Walpole pasted into the same book, with the following 
heading in his own hand. 

Aug. 20, 1660. 

Hucusque ab Anno 1643 Mavtii 13"'° Cantabrigia a Perduellibus et 
Latronibus occupata, Musse suis sedibus et domiciliis pulsse sunt : 
omnia tarn, sacra quam prophana exinanita, publicata et populata : 
ipsa statuta et quibus nitebantur sacramenta uni versa explosa sunt, 
et interdicta : Prsesidens insuper, socii, scbolares et quicunque sub 
habitu scbolastico bonis Literis operam navantes ad unum omnes 
rebus suis omnibus spoliati aut in exilium aut in vincla et ergastula 
sine ulla causae dictione missi sunt. In cuius rei fidem et testimo- 
nium conferat Lector prsecedentia cum subsequentibus autographa 
cum autographis. Nolumus enim gravius qiucquam dicere quam 
quod Adversariorum calamo exciderit. 

Edvardus Martin, Prass. 

The outrages and injuries, here complained of in such bitter 
terms, are to be imputed to those, who at that period had the 
management of the affairs of the nation and to their agents, not 
to either the master and fellows whom the earl of Manchester 
placed in -the college or to their successors. These though 
intruded contrary to law and statute, do not seem chargeable 
with misconduct in the exercise of their power, either in the 
government of the college or the management of its affairs. 
On the contrary (as has been shewn) many good regulations 
were made, while they were in possession, and great attention 
was paid to discipline and good order. 

Besides the three fellows already restored by the chancellor, 
there still remained of the old body, Richard Bryan, Samuel 
Rogers and Ambrose Appleby, so that the legal society con- 
sisted of the president and six fellows. Thomas Edwards and 
John Davenant had been only elected 29 Aug. 1642, the day 
before Dr Martin's arrest, and had consequently never been 
admitted. Their claim came next ; Thomas Edwards was ad- 
mitted 20 Aug., but Davenant declined to become a fellow. 



576 

The fellows elected during Dr Horton's presidentship were 
next all re-elected and re-admitted to their fellowships, as Dr 
Martin wished to give them as good a title to their fellowships, 
as the older ejected fellows had, not considering that the earl of 
Manchester's permission gave them a good legal title to their 
fellowships; for we find stated by Zachary Cradock before the 
lord chancellor, 'it was true his Majesty had sent such a man- 
damus, (that all should keep their fellowships at the restoration, 
who were not in sequestered places,) but Dr Martin the master 
said this was not sufficient to give them so good a title, as 
he desired they should have ; and therefore called all the old 
fellows together, who had been ejected and now restored, who 
chose every man of them regularly, according to tlie statutes/ 
(Patrick, Autob. [Taylor] 440.) They then took the oaths of 
allegiance and supremacy and the oath prescribed by the sta- 
tutes, having at their first admission subscribed the covenant 
and engagement instead of them, and were duly admitted 
fellows. Even the ejected fellows were all re-sworn on re- 
entering into their fellowships. At the conclusion of these pro- 
ceeding's, the deprived members having been restored to their 
rights, and the college resettled according to its original plan, 
Dr Martin wrote: 'DivinS, igitur Ope, Misericordia et Provi- 
dentia, Collegium hoc e captivitate quadam Babylonic4 erep- 
tum, integris et legitimis suis menibris constituitur Aug. 25.1660.' 

FTEE. Dr Martin's restoration he was appointed one 
of the managers of the Savoy conference' (MS. Plump- 
tre), and was restored to his livings, at least to that 
of Coniugton, as the following extract shews : 

'Jan. 23, 1662[-3]. Collatus est Josephus Beaumont, S.T.P. 
ad Rectoriam de Conington in Com. Cantebr. vacantem per 
mortem nat. Edvardi Martin, S.T.P.' (Bishop Wren's Beg., 
Kennet, Register and Chronicle, 883). 

He was one of the two proctors of the clergy of the diocese 
of Ely (Keunet, 480) for the convocation of 8 May 1661, and on 
his death Dr Beaumont succeeded him also in his place in con- 
vocation : 

'Martii 17, 1603. Emanarunt Literse Mandatorise ven. viro 




577 

Eoberto King, LL.D. Cancellario in Dioc. Elien. pro citatione 
sive summonitione Convocationis generalis Prselatorum et Cleri 
Elien. Dioc. pro Electione et Constitutione alterius Procuratoris 
Cleri sufficientem authoritatem ah ipsis recepturi ad inter- 
essendum et person aliter comparendum, etc. in Sacra Synodo, 
etc. vice et loco Edvardi Martin, S.T.P. Rectoris de Connington 
jam pridem defuncti. 

'Electus et constitutus est per generalem consensum Preela- 
torum et Cleri Elien. Dioc. Josephus Beaumont, S.T.P. Rector 
de Connington atque Coll. Sancti Petri in Univer. Cantebrig. 
Magistri ad interessendum et personaliter comparendum etc. 
prout per Literas significatorias sub Sigillo prsefati Roberti 
King magis appareat.' (Bp. Wren's Reg,, Kennet, 885.) The 
third session of the second parliament of Charles II. began 16 
March 1663-4. 

Though a proctor for the diocese of Ely, Martin's name is 
not found among the subscribers to the revised Prayer-book 
on 20 Dec. 1661 (Kennet, 584). 

In 1662 he was preferred to the deanery of Ely void by the 
promotion of Dr Henry Feme to the see of Chester. His 
patent is dated 22 Feb. 1661-2, he was instituted 21 March 
and installed by proxy 25 April, being ill at that time (Bentham, 
Ely, 234 ; Browne Willis, Ely, 370). 

He died three days after his installation, 28 April 1662, and 
was buried in the college chapel without any monument or 
memorial. 

No will of Dr Martin exists either in the University registry 
or in that of Peterborough, whither the wills of the diocese of 
Ely have been removed. 

At his death the college library was augmented by about 
SO volumes, of which a list is given in the MS. account of dona- 
tions to the library in Richard Bryan's hand, with the following 
heading : 

* Musaeum D"^ Edvardi Martin, linjus collegii prsesidentis doctis- 
simi juxta et prudentissimi, in nuperis Ecclesiae tempestatibus turn 
in vinclis, turn liberi, domi peregreque Confessoris invictissimi et 
per aliquot (proh dolor) dies Eliensis Decani, bibliotliecam banc 
nostrani bis libi'is adauxit.' 



578 



Besides these a large number of works were added to the 
library ' ad sequandas omnes illius rationes pro bibliotheca.' It 
appears from the Library Account p. 220, that he owed the 
college £42. 105. 9d 

Among the MSS. in the college library n°. 25, the Solilo- 
quies of St Augustine, very handsomely illuminated, was for- 
merly in the possession of Dr Martin. 



Soon after his death, about June 1662 (Kennet, 831), a 
small collection of letters of Dr Martin was published (12mo. 
pp. 126) under the following title: 



Doctor Martin, 
Late Dean of ELY, 

XT T Q 

OPINION 

1. The difference between the Church 
of England and Geneva. 

2. The Tope's Vrimacy as pretend- 
ed successive to St Peter's, 

3. The Authority of the Apostolical 
Constitutions and Canons. 

4. The discovery of the Genuine 
Works of the Primitive Fathers. 

5. The false brotherhood of the 
French and English Tresbyte- 
rians. 

Together 

"With his Character of divers 

English Travelers in the time of 

our Late Troubles, 

Communicated by five pious and learned 

Letters in the time of his Exile. 



Con- 
cerning 



LONDON 
Printed Anno 1662 



579 

It contains five letters addressed to Eichard Watson at Caen 
from Paris on ^ Oct. 1659, 13 Feb. 1659-60, 5 Apr., 24 Apr., 
and Ascension Eve (5 May) 1662 N. S., also an extract from 
another letter 'from a very judicious and learned gentleman,' 
and 'the Necessity of Episcopal Ordination by... bishop Mon- 
tague,' taken from his De Origin. Eccl. 

Of this book there are copies in the library of Pembroke 
college Cambridge, and in the Bodleian library formerly the 
property of William Barlow, bishop of Lincoln, and in the au- 
thor's possession. None of these copies contain any annotations. 

Of this book bishop Kennet says : ' There is also another 
Pamphlet called Dr. Martins Letters, fraught with gross Un- 
truths, and railing against the Bishop [Dr Cosin] and others 
whilst he lived among the Protestants in France, set out by the 
Spite and Peevishness of a Pedant Minister R. W. and scarce 
one Line true in all that he writes.' 

This R. W. was Richard Watson fellow of Caius college and 
master of the Perse Grammar school. For preaching a sermon 
at St Mary's touching schism in 1642, he was expelled by the 
presbyterians from his fellowship and school; 'to avoid their 
Barbarities' he fled into France, where sir Richard Browne be- 
friended him. He was forced to argue from the existence of 
the English service in sir R. Browne's oratory as to the visibility 
of the English church, for the French protestants seem to have 
refused the English clergy the use of their buildings, because 
they prayed for Charles II. In 1661 he returned to England 
and became chaplain to the duke of York and, later, prebendary 
of Salisbury. He died in 1684. Though 'vain and conceited,' 
he was a learned man, and published several works. ' Being a 
most zealous Favourer of the Church of England, the (contrary) 
party persecuted him accordingly; insomuch that he was ac- 
counted one of the prime sufferers of the English clergy beyond 
seas' (Walker, ii. 145, Kennet, 228, 657, Wood, Atk). 

The fact was that Dr Cosin, though one of the first clergy- 
men who were expelled from their preferments in 1640 for 
superstitious and popish practices, had yet, while living at 
Paris, held more close communion with the French protestants 
(Fuller, Ai^peal of injured innocence, App.) than (as Dr Martin 



580 

thought) was becoming on the part of a clergyman of the En- 
glish church, which had suffered so much persecution from the 
English presbyterians, Dr Martin regarding these two bodies 
as very near akin, both on account of their common Calvinism 
and their common connexion with rebellion. Hence in his 
letters the old Doctor is sometimes rather severe upon him, 
though ready to retract any statement, if he had been, as he 
once was {Letters, 86), misled. Indeed he says himself: 'For 
I do confesse to you, that the Zeal of Gods Church (though 
I am now not farr from my grave) constrains mee sometime 
(I fear in conscience) beyond the bounds of Brotherly Charity, 
and Christian duty, which God forgive mee. This therefore 
makes mee very unwilling to hear or speak any more, as long 
as I live, of that Person in this Theme or Argument. Dixi! 
{Letters 95, 96.) 

Dr Martin was doubtless a very strict member of the church 
of England, and ardently attached to her Apostolical order and 
decent ceremonial, yet he does not appear as a violeut 'Inno- 
vator' before the troubles, nor was the language of these pri- 
vate letters at all bitter. The tone of them is indeed sometimes 
grumbling, but this is hardly to be wondered at in a man of 
eighty years old, who, at an age when most men begin to look 
forward to a few years' rest after the hard work of life, has been 
violently torn away from his college and university, both so 
dear to him, — he was then more than sixty years old, — and sent 
from prison to prison for eight years and then into exile, and 
from affluence reduced to poverty, and who now sees those 
principles for which he has suffered so much, sacrificed (as he 
considered it) by Dr Cosin. 

Neal is most ingenious in his attempt to vilify the character 
of Dr Martin. In his History of the Puritans (2 vols. 4°. 1754), 
ii. 83, he says, ' Loyd says he was a godly man, and excel- 
lently well skilled in the canon, civil and common law ; but 
Mr Prynne gives him a very indifferent character ; and bishop 
Kennet [CJir. 670] acknowledges his principles were rigid, and 
his temper sour.' Neal possibly thought that no one would care 
to verify a quotation about so disagreeable a person, as he repre- 
sented the ejected president to be, and so that he might safely 



o81 

venture upon a little garbling. It is with reference to the Five 
Letters of Dr Martin that bishop Kennet says : ' By which it 
appears, his Principles were very rigid, and his Temper sour'd 
by Sufferings and a tedious Exile.' 

How far Neal or even Kennet was jvistified in bringing this 
charge against Dr Martin, may perhaps be rightly estimated, 
when wg consider the care that he took at his return to give 
to the academical descendants of those fellows, in whose favour 
he and his friends had been dispossessed, the same position 
which the returned exiles legally enjoyed. 

'It is but justice to his memory to observe, that whatever 
difference of opinion there may be respecting the propriety and 
rectitude of his principles, yet all must agree that he gave the 
most unequivocal and indisputable proofs of his sincerity in 
them. The college books furnish sufficient proofs of his abili- 
ties, of his knowledge and taste in classical learning, of his at- 
tention to the duties of his office, and of his faithful discharge 
of them.' These are the words of one of his successors in the 
presidentship, Dr Robert Plumptre. 

Lloyd {Mem. 461-3) speaks of him in the following terms : 

' his parts, as his nature, inclining to Solidity, rather 

than Politeness ; he was for the exact Sciences, Logick and Ma- 
thematicks in his Study, as he was for strict Rules in his Con- 
versation. His exact obedience to publick establishments in his 
own person, raised him to a power and trust to see them obeyed 
by others, being incomparably well skilled in the Canon, Civil, 
and Common Law, especially as far as concerned the Church in 
general, and in the Statutes of the University of Cambridge in 
particular;' and terminates his account of him with the follow- 
ing 'inscription' to his memory: 

Edvardus Martin S. Th. Dr. Cato sequioris 
seculi, qui nihil ad famam, 
omnia ad conscientiam fecit. 
Rigide plus vir, et severe 

Justus; sibi theatrum, omnia 
ad normam exigens non 
amplius ambivit quam ut 
sib) pla,ceret et Deo. 




582 

pT his return to the college Dr Martin set to work to 
restore the chapel, which had been so sadly disfigured 
by William Dowsing. His old and intimate friend 
Henry Coke gave the cedar for wainscotting the east end of 
the chapel in 1661, and an organ was re-introdnced. Evi- 
dently Dr Martin had neither learned anything from his 
troubles, nor forgotten anything during his exile. (Old Parchm. 
Keg. fo. 160.) 

In the III Leasebook fo. 119. b. we find the following draft 
in Dr Martin's own handwriting of a petition to parliament on 
the subject of the bill for confirmation of leases granted by the 
puritan society (Stat. 12 Car. II. ch. 31. Cooper, Ann. ii. 486 ff.) : 

Most humbly sheweth 

That whereas their whole Corporation of Master, and fellowes 
were every man ejected and banished thence for refusing to take 
the Scotch League and Covenant, and their places fill'd with such 
strangers as never had beene students in that College, nor ever under- 
stood the state of any other ; and were all of them moreover dis- 
charg'd from all oathes, and locall statutes of the College ; and 
sworne every man to the Scotch League and Covenant, and to regu- 
late all things agreeably to the same ; All w'^h Yastation and Cala- 
mity (the Like whereof no other College in England by Gods great 
mercy and goodness ever suffer'd) appears to this day in the Register 
booke under the hand of the Authority of that temporary new foun- 
dation ; together w*h an acknowledgment of our wrongfull eject- 
ments : By w'^h meanes the whole College stock is intirely consum'd 
and lost : the woods and timber upon the grounds fell'd and sold 
w*hout any account : the Covenants of Leases alter'd : rents extin- 
guish'd : Koyaltyes alienated ; (w^h should have belong'd to the main- 
tenaunce of the Chappell, and gods service and wor^ amongst us) the 
very situation in a great part let out to lease : and the College 
itselfe so ruinated in edifices and otherwise, that we are no wayes 
able to maintaine it, together with the Composition of the Foiinders 
and Allowances of Fellowes and Schollars. 

May it therefore please this Right Hon^'° High Court in 
compassion of our singular and miserable Case and Condition, 
that these amendments may be added to the Act for confirm- 
ing of College Leases, That no Lease made by those strangers 



583 

in this Coll. since the yeere 1644, containing a longer or 
greater terme or other or lesse beneficiall Covenants or Con- 
ditions for the Coll. than were used in leases for the same 
lands or tenements before the yeere 1644, And that no lease 
of any such houses or lands or Royaltyes, w^h before the 
said yeere 1644 had never beene let by the said coll: or if let, 
yet had beene renewed againe at their owne cost, be confirm'd, 
but declar'd utterly void. 

And y' Humble Pet:" shall ever pray etc. 

'This was drawn up by Dr Martin after his return, but (I 
conceive) never presented to the parliament' (Note by Mr 
Bryan.) It was probably rendered unnecessary by a clause in 
the Bill. 

The allusion to the 'Royalties' refers to the 'Hogginton 
lease' as stated in the margin by the vnriter of the note. 

It is agreed upon and decreed [12 Jan. 1660-1] by the M' 
and Fellowes, that the Questionists and Inceptors shall not be 
allowed to make any feasting or any manner of exceedings, but as 
followeth ; that is to say : 

For that Fryday when they have their graces first propounded 
in the university to every messe of Fellowes (6 to a messe) 6^ For 
every messe of Bachelours, Questionists and generall Sophisters (6 to 
a messe) 3^ To every messe of Fellowes a quart of sack and 2 
quarts of claret, and to every messe of Bachelours Questionists and 
Sophistei-s 2 quarts of Claret. 

That they doe not exceed 12^ upon any pretence of provision for 
the Father and the Bedle at the Questionists Priorum. 

Edward Martin. 
(Old Parchm. Reg. 102.) 

'Novemb. 26, 1661. A Presentation to the Rectory of 
Newton Toney in Wiltshire under the Coll. Seale granted to 
M"^ Bryan Vicepresident together with letters testimonial!. The 
same day Letters gratulatory ordered to bee sent to the Lo** B^ 
of Sar' for his great care and respect of the Coll. to bee signed 
w% the Seal ManualL' (Old Parchm. Reg. fo. 119. b.) 

Dr Humphrey Henchman was consecrated bishop of Salis- 
bury 28 Oct. 1660, was translated to London in 1663, and died 



584 

1675. He married Ellen daughter of Robert Townson and 
niece of John Davenant both bishops of Salisbury, and the latter 
in his will mentions that Dr Henchman aud Thomas Clark 
stood seized in fee of the advowson of Newton Toney, and that 
they were to have the first presentation and the disposal thereof 
at the next avoidance. 




HE following miscellaneous items occur in the bursar's 
book of 1648-1660 and VI Journale : 



1659-60. [Aug.] For Pesses in y« Chappell 00. 11. 0. 

For Mats in y« Chappell 00. 14. 0. 

[Sept.] For two Hoods and Holland for 2 Surplesses 

fory'= Chappell 07. 04. 4. 

For making two Surplesses 00, 10.0. 

For D' Horton to y" pewterer 00. 12. 0. 

Yl Journale. 1660-61. fo. 109. [Jan.] To Jonathan Pindar his 
yeares stipend ending at X'nias 1660 for keeping the Univer- 
sity library 1 17 4. 

fo. 110, b. [June] To Clones for providing Greene last 

X*mas 6 0. 

To him for horseradishes and rosetrees planted in 

our M" Garden Oil 0. 

To the Lord Mordens Trumpetters by consent 5 0. 

fo. 111. [Sept.] To Preston for hedging the schollers 

walkes 6. 

1661-62. fo. 114. b. [Jan.] To the Gardner for Quince 

stocks and nailes 6 4. 

[Feb.] To the Kings Drumers 5 0. 




PUBLICATIONS 

OF THE 

CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 



REPORTS. 

I.— X. Ten numbers, 1841—1850. 8vo. 

REPORTS AND COMMUNICATIONS. 

Reports XI.— XIX.; Communications, Octavo Series, Nos. I.— IX. 
Nine numbers. 1851—1859. 8vo. 

* * Communications, Octavo Series, Nos. I.— IX., with a title-page, 
contents and index, form Vol. I. of the Society's Antiquarian Com- 
munications. 1859. 8vo. 11*. 

Reports XX.— XXI V. ; Communications, Nos. X.— XIV. Five num- 
bers. 1860—1864. 8vo. 

*/'^ Communications, Nos. X.— XIV., with a title-page, contents and 
index, form Vol. II. of the Society's Antiquarian Commumcations. 
1864.' 8vo. 10*. 

Report XXV. ; Communications, No. XV. (marked XIV.). 1865. 8vo. 
2s. 

Report XXVI.; Communications, No. XVI. (marked XV.). 1866. 8vo. 

In the Press. 
Proceedings of the Society and Communications, 1867—1871. 8vo. 

QUARTO PUBLICATIONS. 
I. A Catalogue of the original library of St Catharine's Hall, 1475. Ed. 

by Professor Corrib, B.D. 1840. 1*. 6d. 
II. Abbreviata Cronica, 1377—1469. Ed. by J. J. Smith, M.A. 1840. 

iVith a facsimile. 2s. 6d. 
II I. An account of the Consecration of Abp. Parker. Ed. by J. Goodwin, 

B.D. 1841. With a facsimile. 3s. 6d. 
IV An application of heraldry to the illustration of University and 
Collegiate Antiquities. By H. A. Woodham, A.B. Part I. 1841. 
With illustrations. 
V. An application of heraldry, &c. By H. A. Woodham, M.A. Pai-t 
II. 1842. With illustrations. 

*^* Nos. IV. and V. together, 9*. Qd. 

VI A Catalogue of the MSS. and scarce books in the library of St 
. John's College. By M. Cowie, M.A. Part I. 1842. 

VII A description of the Sextry Barn at Ely, lately demolished. By 

Professor Willis, M.A. 1843. With 4 plates. 3*. 

VIII A Catalogue of the MSS. and scarce books in the Ubrary of St 

John's College. By M. Cowie, M.A. Part II. 1843. 
*** Nos. VI. and VIII. together, 9». 

IX Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages. By Professor 

Willis, M. A. 1844. With S 2:>lates. 

X Roman and Roman-British Remains at and near Shefford. By Sir 

Henry Dryden, Bart., M.A. And a Catalogue of Coins from the 
same place. By C. W. King, M.A. 1845. With 4= plates. &?. 6d. 
XI. Specimens of College plate. By J. J. Smith, M.A. 1845. With 
13 plates. 15*. 



Publications of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society— contmuQ^. 

XII. Eoman-British Remains On the materials of two sepulchral 
vessels found at Warden. By Professor Henslow, M.A. 184© 
yyith 2 plates. 4s. - 

*** Nos. I.— XII., with a title-page, form Vol. I. of the Society's Qua/rt^ 

Publications. \ 

XIII. Evangelia Augustini Gregoriana. A description of MSS. 286 and 

197 in the Parker Library. By J. Goodwin, B.D. 1847 With 
II plates. 20*. •• 

XIV. Miscellaneous Communications, Part I. : I. On palimpsest sepulchral 

brasses By A. W. Feanks. With 1 plate!^ II. On two British 
shields found m the Isle of Ely. By C. W. Goodwin, M.A. With 
^plates. Ill A Catalogue of the books bequeathed to C C. 
College by Tho. Markaunt in 1439. Ed. by J. O. Halliwell. 
IV. Ihe genealogical history of the Freville Family. Bv A W 
^T^mK.^. * With -6 plates. 1848. 15*. J • '• 

XV. An historical inquiry touching St. Catharine of Alexandria: to 

7q ,'o W^-l^o"^ ^ Semi-Saxon legend. By C. Hardwick, M.A. 
1849. With 2 plates. 12*. 

*** Nos. XIII.— XV., with a title-page, form Vol. II. of the Society's 
Quarto Publications. 

OCTAVO PUBLICATIONS. 

I. The Anglo-Saxon legends of St Andrew and St Veronica. Ed bv 

C. W. Goodwin, M.A. 1851. 2s. Qd. 

II. Fragment of a Graeco-Egyptian work upon magic. Ed by C W 

Goodwin, M.A. 1852. With a facsimile. Zs. Gd. ' 

III. Ancient Cambridgeshire. By C. C. Babington, M.A. 1853. With 

4 plates and a map. 3s. 6d. 

IV. A History of Waterbeach. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 1859 With 

3 plates. 5s. 

V. The I>iary of Edward Rud; to which are added several letters of 

Dr. Bentley. Ed, by H. R. Litard, M.A. 1860. 2*. 6d. 

VI. A History of Landbeach. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 1861 With 

1 plate. 4s. 6d, 

VII. A History of Horningsey. By W. K. Clay, B.D. 1865. 2*. 6d 

***«T^'- -^J-' V-^^''\y^h'^'^^' ^ title-page, form a volume entitled: 

Three Cambridgeshire Parishes: or a History,^' &c. 1865. 12* 
VIIL The Correspondence of Richard Person, M.A., formerly Regius 
Professor of Greek. Ed. by H. R. Lfard, M.A. 1867- 4*. 6d 

IX. The History of Queens' College. Part I. 1446—1560. By W. G 

Seakle, M.A. 1867. 8s. . ^ • 

X. Historical and Architectural Notes on Great St Mary's Church. By 

b. bANDARs, M.A. Together with the Annals of the Church. By 
Canon Vbnables, M.A. 1869. With 1 plate. 3s. 
XL A History of Milton. By the late W. K. Clay, B.D. 1869. 3s. 

*** ?w- Pv ^^;? J^^4^ ^^^^ P-^ ^^*^^ ^ title-page, form a volume entitled: 

Histories of the Four Adjoining Parishes," &e. 1861—1869. 15s. 
XIL The Coins, Tokens, and Medals of the Town, County and University 

of Cambridge. By W.G. Searle, M.A. 1871. 2s. 
Xin. The History of Queens' College. Part IL 1660—1662. By W G 
Searle, M.A. 1871. 8s. .' • • 



November, 1871. 

CAMBBIDGE : FEINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. AX TEE UNIVEKSITY PBESS. 

It '04 



i 













c"- * 




"oV' 



iO-T- 





4 ^^ 



■AqV 




^°-;^ 










4 O^ 









.^ 



0- 










V&-'' o " " ° « <^. 

^ 





















V* ., ^ 



^^-^^^ 









'^^ " 




"> 






'^o^ 




/^^ DEC 78 





